Fix hang at interactive prompt creating with vite.

Co-authored-by: jacob314 <jacob314@gmail.com>

.gemini/skills/string-reviewer/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+---
+name: string-reviewer
+description: >
+  Use this skill when asked to review text and user-facing strings within the codebase. It ensures that these strings follow rules on clarity,
+  usefulness, brevity and style.
+---
+
+# String Reviewer
+
+## Instructions
+
+Act as a Senior UX Writer. Look for user-facing strings that are too long,
+unclear, or inconsistent. This includes inline text, error messages, and other
+user-facing text.
+
+Do NOT automatically change strings without user approval. You must only suggest
+changes and do not attempt to rewrite them directly unless the user explicitly
+asks you to do so.
+
+## Core voice principles
+
+The system prioritizes deterministic clarity over conversational fluff. We
+provide telemetry, not etiquette, ensuring the user retains absolute agency..
+
+1. **Deterministic clarity:** Distinguish between certain system/service states
+   (Cloud Billing, IAM, the System) and probabilistic AI analysis (Gemini).
+2. **System transparency:** Replace "Loading..." with active technical telemetry
+   (e.g., Tracing stack traces...). Keep status updates under 5 words.
+3. **Front-loaded actionability:** Always use the [Goal] + [Action] pattern.
+   Lead with intent so users can scan left-to-right.
+4. **Agentic error recovery:** Every error must be a pivot point. Pair failures
+   with one-click recovery commands or suggested prompts.
+5. **Contextual humility:** Reserve disclaimers and "be careful" warnings for P0
+   (destructive/irreversible) tasks only. Stop warning-fatigue.
+
+## The writing checklist
+
+Use this checklist to audit UI strings and AI responses.
+
+### Identity and voice
+- **Eliminate the "I":** Remove all first-person pronouns (I, me, my, mine).
+- **Subject attribution:** Refer to the AI as Gemini and the infrastructure as
+  the - system or the CLI.
+- **Active voice:** Ensure the subject (Gemini or the system) is clearly
+  performing the action.
+- **Ownership rule:** Use the system for execution (doing) and Gemini for
+  analysis (thinking)
+
+### Structural scannability
+- **The skip test:** Do the first 3 words describe the user’s intent? If not,
+  rewrite.
+- **Goal-first sequence:** Use the template: [To Accomplish X] + [Do Y].
+- **The 5-word rule:** Keep status updates and loading states under 5 words.
+- **Telemetry over etiquette:** Remove polite filler (Please wait, Thank you,
+  Certainly). Replace with raw data or progress indicators.
+- **Micro-state cycles:** For tasks $> 3$ seconds, cycle through specific
+  sub-states (e.g., Parsing logs... ➔ Identifying patterns...) to show momentum.
+
+
+### Technical accuracy and humility
+- **Verb signal check:** Use deterministic verbs (is, will, must) for system
+  state/infrastructure.
+  - Use probabilistic verbs (suggests, appears, may, identifies) for AI output.
+- **No 100% certainty:** Never attribute absolute certainty to model-generated
+  content.
+- **Precision over fuzziness:** Use technical metrics (latency, tokens, compute) instead of "speed" or "cost."
+- **Instructional warnings:** Every warning must include a specific corrective action (e.g., "Perform a dry-run first" or "Review line 42").
+
+### Agentic error recovery
+- **The one-step rule:** Pair every error message with exactly one immediate
+  path to a fix (command, link, or prompt).
+- **Human-first:** Provide a human-readable explanation before machine error
+  codes (e.g., 404, 500).
+-  **Suggested prompts:** Offer specific text for the user to copy/click like
+   “Ask Gemini: 'Explain this port error.'”
+
+### Use consistent terminology
+
+Ensure all terminology aligns with the project [word
+list](./references/word-list.md). 
+
+If a string uses a term marked "do not use" or "use with caution," provide a
+correction based on the preferred terms.
+
+## Ensure consistent style for settings
+
+If `packages/cli/src/config/settingsSchema.ts` is modified, confirm labels and
+descriptions specifically follow the unique [Settings
+guidelines](./references/settings.md).
+
+## Output format
+When suggesting changes, always present your review using the following list
+format. Do not provide suggestions outside of this list..
+
+```
+1. **{Rationale/Principle Violated}**
+  - ❌ "{incorrect phrase}"
+  - ✅ `"{corrected phrase}"`
+```

.gemini/skills/string-reviewer/references/settings.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Settings
+
+## Noun-First Labeling (Scannability)
+
+Labels must start with the subject of the setting, not the action. This allows
+users to scan for the feature they want to change.
+
+- **Rule:** `[Noun]` `[Attribute/Action]`
+- **Example:** `Show line numbers` becomes simply `Line numbers`
+
+## Positive Boolean Logic (Cognitive Ease)
+
+Eliminate "double negatives." Booleans should represent the presence of a
+feature, not its absence.
+
+- **Rule:** Replace `Disable {feature}` or `Hide {Feature}` with
+  `{Feature} enabled` or simply `{Feature}`.
+- **Example:** Change "Disable auto update" to "Auto update".
+- **Implementation:** Invert the boolean value in your config loader so true
+  always equals `On`
+
+## Verb Stripping (Brevity)
+
+Remove redundant leading verbs like "Enable," "Use," "Display," or "Show" unless
+they are part of a specific technical term.
+
+- **Rule**: If the label works without the verb, remove it
+- **Example**: Change `Enable prompt completion` to `Prompt completion`

.gemini/skills/string-reviewer/references/word-list.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+## Terms
+
+### Preferred
+
+- Use **create** when a user is creating or setting up something.
+- Use **allow** instead of **may** to indicate that permission has been granted
+  to perform some action.
+- Use **canceled**, not **cancelled**.
+- Use **configure** to refer to the process of changing the attributes of a
+  feature, even if that includes turning on or off the feature.
+- Use **delete** when the action being performed is destructive.
+- Use **enable** for binary operations that turn a feature or API on. Use "turn
+  on" and "turn off" instead of "enable" and "disable" for other situations.
+- Use **key combination** to refer to pressing multiple keys simultaneously.
+- Use **key sequence** to refer to pressing multiple keys separately in order.
+- Use **modify** to refer to something that has changed vs obtaining the latest
+  version of something.
+- Use **remove** when the action being performed takes an item out of a larger
+  whole, but doesn't destroy the item itself.
+- Use **set up** as a verb. Use **setup** as a noun or adjective.
+- Use **show**. In general, use paired with **hide**.
+- Use **sign in**, **sign out** as a verb. Use **sign-in** or **sign-out** as a
+  noun or adjective.
+- Use **update** when you mean to obtain the latest version of something.
+- Use **want** instead of **like** or **would like**.
+
+#### Don't use
+
+- Don't use **etc.** It's redundant. To convey that a series is incomplete,
+  introduce it with "such as" instead.
+- Don't use **hostname**, use "host name" instead.
+- Don't use **in order to**. It's too formal. "Before you can" is usually better
+  in UI text.
+- Don't use **one or more**. Specify the quantity where possible. Use "at least
+  one" when the quantity is 1+ but you can't be sure of the number. Likewise,
+  use "at least one" when the user must choose a quantity of 1+.
+- Don't use the terms **log in**, **log on**, **login**, **logout** or **log
+  out**.
+- Don't use **like** or **would you like**. Use **want** instead. Better yet,
+  rephrase so that it's not referring to the user's emotional state, but rather
+  what is required.
+
+#### Use with caution
+
+- Avoid using **leverage**, especially as a verb. "Leverage" is considered a
+  buzzword largely devoid of meaning apart from the simpler "use".
+- Avoid using **once** as a synonym for "after". Typically, when "once" is used
+  in this way, it is followed by a verb in the perfect tense.
+- Don't use **e.g.** Use "example", "such as", "like", or "for example". The
+  phrase is always followed by a comma.
+- Don't use **i.e.** unless absolutely essential to make text fit. Use "that is"
+  instead.
+- Use **disable** for binary operations that turn a feature or API off. Use
+  "turn on" and "turn off" instead of "enable" and "disable" for other
+  situations. For UI elements that are not available, use "dimmed" instead of
+  "disabled".
+- Use **please** only when you're asking the user to do something inconvenient,
+  not just following the instructions in a typical flow.
+- Use **really** sparingly in such constructions as "Do you really want to..."
+  Because of the weight it puts on the decision, it should be used to confirm
+  actions that the user is extremely unlikely to make.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ jobs:
             npm run test:ci --workspace @google/gemini-cli
           else
             # Explicitly list non-cli packages to ensure they are sharded correctly
-            npm run test:ci --workspace @google/gemini-cli-core --workspace @google/gemini-cli-a2a-server --workspace gemini-cli-vscode-ide-companion --workspace @google/gemini-cli-test-utils --if-present
+            npm run test:ci --workspace @google/gemini-cli-core --workspace @google/gemini-cli-a2a-server --workspace gemini-cli-vscode-ide-companion --workspace @google/gemini-cli-test-utils --if-present -- --coverage.enabled=false
             npm run test:scripts
           fi
 

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -320,11 +320,9 @@ npm run lint
 
 - Please adhere to the coding style, patterns, and conventions used throughout
   the existing codebase.
-- Consult
-  [GEMINI.md](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/blob/main/GEMINI.md)
-  (typically found in the project root) for specific instructions related to
-  AI-assisted development, including conventions for React, comments, and Git
-  usage.
+- Consult [GEMINI.md](../GEMINI.md) (typically found in the project root) for
+  specific instructions related to AI-assisted development, including
+  conventions for React, comments, and Git usage.
 - **Imports:** Pay special attention to import paths. The project uses ESLint to
   enforce restrictions on relative imports between packages.
 

README.md

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ See [Releases](./docs/releases.md) for more details.
 
 ### Preview
 
-New preview releases will be published each week at UTC 2359 on Tuesdays. These
+New preview releases will be published each week at UTC 23:59 on Tuesdays. These
 releases will not have been fully vetted and may contain regressions or other
 outstanding issues. Please help us test and install with `preview` tag.
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli@preview
 
 ### Stable
 
-- New stable releases will be published each week at UTC 2000 on Tuesdays, this
+- New stable releases will be published each week at UTC 20:00 on Tuesdays, this
   will be the full promotion of last week's `preview` release + any bug fixes
   and validations. Use `latest` tag.
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli@latest
 
 ### Nightly
 
-- New releases will be published each day at UTC 0000. This will be all changes
+- New releases will be published each day at UTC 00:00. This will be all changes
   from the main branch as represented at time of release. It should be assumed
   there are pending validations and issues. Use `nightly` tag.
 

docs/changelogs/preview.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Preview release: v0.33.0-preview.1
+# Preview release: v0.33.0-preview.4
 
-Released: March 04, 2026
+Released: March 06, 2026
 
 Our preview release includes the latest, new, and experimental features. This
 release may not be as stable as our [latest weekly release](latest.md).
@@ -29,159 +29,173 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli@preview
 
 ## What's Changed
 
+- fix(patch): cherry-pick 7ec477d to release/v0.33.0-preview.3-pr-21305 to patch
+  version v0.33.0-preview.3 and create version 0.33.0-preview.4 by
+  @gemini-cli-robot in
+  [#21349](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21349)
+- fix(patch): cherry-pick 0135b03 to release/v0.33.0-preview.2-pr-21171
+  [CONFLICTS] by @gemini-cli-robot in
+  [#21336](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21336)
+- fix(patch): cherry-pick 173376b to release/v0.33.0-preview.1-pr-21157 to patch
+  version v0.33.0-preview.1 and create version 0.33.0-preview.2 by
+  @gemini-cli-robot in
+  [#21300](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21300)
+- fix(patch): cherry-pick 173376b to release/v0.33.0-preview.1-pr-21157 to patch
+  version v0.33.0-preview.1 and create version 0.33.0-preview.2 by
+  @gemini-cli-robot in
+  [#21300](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21300)
 - fix(patch): cherry-pick 0659ad1 to release/v0.33.0-preview.0-pr-21042 to patch
   version v0.33.0-preview.0 and create version 0.33.0-preview.1 by
   @gemini-cli-robot in
   [#21047](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21047)
-
-* Docs: Update model docs to remove Preview Features. by @jkcinouye in
+- Docs: Update model docs to remove Preview Features. by @jkcinouye in
   [#20084](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20084)
-* docs: fix typo in installation documentation by @AdityaSharma-Git3207 in
+- docs: fix typo in installation documentation by @AdityaSharma-Git3207 in
   [#20153](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20153)
-* docs: add Windows PowerShell equivalents for environments and scripting by
+- docs: add Windows PowerShell equivalents for environments and scripting by
   @scidomino in [#20333](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20333)
-* fix(core): parse raw ASCII buffer strings in Gaxios errors by @sehoon38 in
+- fix(core): parse raw ASCII buffer strings in Gaxios errors by @sehoon38 in
   [#20626](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20626)
-* chore(release): bump version to 0.33.0-nightly.20260227.ba149afa0 by @galz10
+- chore(release): bump version to 0.33.0-nightly.20260227.ba149afa0 by @galz10
   in [#20637](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20637)
-* fix(github): use robot PAT for automated PRs to pass CLA check by @galz10 in
+- fix(github): use robot PAT for automated PRs to pass CLA check by @galz10 in
   [#20641](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20641)
-* chore/release: bump version to 0.33.0-nightly.20260228.1ca5c05d0 by
+- chore/release: bump version to 0.33.0-nightly.20260228.1ca5c05d0 by
   @gemini-cli-robot in
   [#20644](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20644)
-* Changelog for v0.31.0 by @gemini-cli-robot in
+- Changelog for v0.31.0 by @gemini-cli-robot in
   [#20634](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20634)
-* fix: use full paths for ACP diff payloads by @JagjeevanAK in
+- fix: use full paths for ACP diff payloads by @JagjeevanAK in
   [#19539](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/19539)
-* Changelog for v0.32.0-preview.0 by @gemini-cli-robot in
+- Changelog for v0.32.0-preview.0 by @gemini-cli-robot in
   [#20627](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20627)
-* fix: acp/zed race condition between MCP initialisation and prompt by
+- fix: acp/zed race condition between MCP initialisation and prompt by
   @kartikangiras in
   [#20205](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20205)
-* fix(cli): reset themeManager between tests to ensure isolation by
+- fix(cli): reset themeManager between tests to ensure isolation by
   @NTaylorMullen in
   [#20598](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20598)
-* refactor(core): Extract tool parameter names as constants by @SandyTao520 in
+- refactor(core): Extract tool parameter names as constants by @SandyTao520 in
   [#20460](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20460)
-* fix(cli): resolve autoThemeSwitching when background hasn't changed but theme
+- fix(cli): resolve autoThemeSwitching when background hasn't changed but theme
   mismatches by @sehoon38 in
   [#20706](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20706)
-* feat(skills): add github-issue-creator skill by @sehoon38 in
+- feat(skills): add github-issue-creator skill by @sehoon38 in
   [#20709](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20709)
-* fix(cli): allow sub-agent confirmation requests in UI while preventing
+- fix(cli): allow sub-agent confirmation requests in UI while preventing
   background flicker by @abhipatel12 in
   [#20722](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20722)
-* Merge User and Agent Card Descriptions #20849 by @adamfweidman in
+- Merge User and Agent Card Descriptions #20849 by @adamfweidman in
   [#20850](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20850)
-* fix(core): reduce LLM-based loop detection false positives by @SandyTao520 in
+- fix(core): reduce LLM-based loop detection false positives by @SandyTao520 in
   [#20701](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20701)
-* fix(plan): deflake plan mode integration tests by @Adib234 in
+- fix(plan): deflake plan mode integration tests by @Adib234 in
   [#20477](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20477)
-* Add /unassign support by @scidomino in
+- Add /unassign support by @scidomino in
   [#20864](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20864)
-* feat(core): implement HTTP authentication support for A2A remote agents by
+- feat(core): implement HTTP authentication support for A2A remote agents by
   @SandyTao520 in
   [#20510](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20510)
-* feat(core): centralize read_file limits and update gemini-3 description by
+- feat(core): centralize read_file limits and update gemini-3 description by
   @aishaneeshah in
   [#20619](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20619)
-* Do not block CI on evals by @gundermanc in
+- Do not block CI on evals by @gundermanc in
   [#20870](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20870)
-* document node limitation for shift+tab by @scidomino in
+- document node limitation for shift+tab by @scidomino in
   [#20877](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20877)
-* Add install as an option when extension is selected. by @DavidAPierce in
+- Add install as an option when extension is selected. by @DavidAPierce in
   [#20358](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20358)
-* Update CODEOWNERS for README.md reviewers by @g-samroberts in
+- Update CODEOWNERS for README.md reviewers by @g-samroberts in
   [#20860](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20860)
-* feat(core): truncate large MCP tool output by @SandyTao520 in
+- feat(core): truncate large MCP tool output by @SandyTao520 in
   [#19365](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/19365)
-* Subagent activity UX. by @gundermanc in
+- Subagent activity UX. by @gundermanc in
   [#17570](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/17570)
-* style(cli) : Dialog pattern for /hooks Command by @AbdulTawabJuly in
+- style(cli) : Dialog pattern for /hooks Command by @AbdulTawabJuly in
   [#17930](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/17930)
-* feat: redesign header to be compact with ASCII icon by @keithguerin in
+- feat: redesign header to be compact with ASCII icon by @keithguerin in
   [#18713](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/18713)
-* fix(core): ensure subagents use qualified MCP tool names by @abhipatel12 in
+- fix(core): ensure subagents use qualified MCP tool names by @abhipatel12 in
   [#20801](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20801)
-* feat(core): support authenticated A2A agent card discovery by @SandyTao520 in
+- feat(core): support authenticated A2A agent card discovery by @SandyTao520 in
   [#20622](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20622)
-* refactor(cli): fully remove React anti patterns, improve type safety and fix
+- refactor(cli): fully remove React anti patterns, improve type safety and fix
   UX oversights in SettingsDialog.tsx by @psinha40898 in
   [#18963](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/18963)
-* Adding MCPOAuthProvider implementing the MCPSDK OAuthClientProvider by
+- Adding MCPOAuthProvider implementing the MCPSDK OAuthClientProvider by
   @Nayana-Parameswarappa in
   [#20121](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20121)
-* feat(core): add tool name validation in TOML policy files by @allenhutchison
+- feat(core): add tool name validation in TOML policy files by @allenhutchison
   in [#19281](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/19281)
-* docs: fix broken markdown links in main README.md by @Hamdanbinhashim in
+- docs: fix broken markdown links in main README.md by @Hamdanbinhashim in
   [#20300](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20300)
-* refactor(core): replace manual syncPlanModeTools with declarative policy rules
+- refactor(core): replace manual syncPlanModeTools with declarative policy rules
   by @jerop in [#20596](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20596)
-* fix(core): increase default headers timeout to 5 minutes by @gundermanc in
+- fix(core): increase default headers timeout to 5 minutes by @gundermanc in
   [#20890](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20890)
-* feat(admin): enable 30 day default retention for chat history & remove warning
+- feat(admin): enable 30 day default retention for chat history & remove warning
   by @skeshive in
   [#20853](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20853)
-* feat(plan): support annotating plans with feedback for iteration by @Adib234
+- feat(plan): support annotating plans with feedback for iteration by @Adib234
   in [#20876](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20876)
-* Add some dos and don'ts to behavioral evals README. by @gundermanc in
+- Add some dos and don'ts to behavioral evals README. by @gundermanc in
   [#20629](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20629)
-* fix(core): skip telemetry logging for AbortError exceptions by @yunaseoul in
+- fix(core): skip telemetry logging for AbortError exceptions by @yunaseoul in
   [#19477](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/19477)
-* fix(core): restrict "System: Please continue" invalid stream retry to Gemini 2
+- fix(core): restrict "System: Please continue" invalid stream retry to Gemini 2
   models by @SandyTao520 in
   [#20897](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20897)
-* ci(evals): only run evals in CI if prompts or tools changed by @gundermanc in
+- ci(evals): only run evals in CI if prompts or tools changed by @gundermanc in
   [#20898](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20898)
-* Build binary by @aswinashok44 in
+- Build binary by @aswinashok44 in
   [#18933](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/18933)
-* Code review fixes as a pr by @jacob314 in
+- Code review fixes as a pr by @jacob314 in
   [#20612](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20612)
-* fix(ci): handle empty APP_ID in stale PR closer by @bdmorgan in
+- fix(ci): handle empty APP_ID in stale PR closer by @bdmorgan in
   [#20919](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20919)
-* feat(cli): invert context window display to show usage by @keithguerin in
+- feat(cli): invert context window display to show usage by @keithguerin in
   [#20071](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20071)
-* fix(plan): clean up session directories and plans on deletion by @jerop in
+- fix(plan): clean up session directories and plans on deletion by @jerop in
   [#20914](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20914)
-* fix(core): enforce optionality for API response fields in code_assist by
+- fix(core): enforce optionality for API response fields in code_assist by
   @sehoon38 in [#20714](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20714)
-* feat(extensions): add support for plan directory in extension manifest by
+- feat(extensions): add support for plan directory in extension manifest by
   @mahimashanware in
   [#20354](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20354)
-* feat(plan): enable built-in research subagents in plan mode by @Adib234 in
+- feat(plan): enable built-in research subagents in plan mode by @Adib234 in
   [#20972](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20972)
-* feat(agents): directly indicate auth required state by @adamfweidman in
+- feat(agents): directly indicate auth required state by @adamfweidman in
   [#20986](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20986)
-* fix(cli): wait for background auto-update before relaunching by @scidomino in
+- fix(cli): wait for background auto-update before relaunching by @scidomino in
   [#20904](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20904)
-* fix: pre-load @scripts/copy_files.js references from external editor prompts
+- fix: pre-load @scripts/copy_files.js references from external editor prompts
   by @kartikangiras in
   [#20963](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20963)
-* feat(evals): add behavioral evals for ask_user tool by @Adib234 in
+- feat(evals): add behavioral evals for ask_user tool by @Adib234 in
   [#20620](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20620)
-* refactor common settings logic for skills,agents by @ishaanxgupta in
+- refactor common settings logic for skills,agents by @ishaanxgupta in
   [#17490](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/17490)
-* Update docs-writer skill with new resource by @g-samroberts in
+- Update docs-writer skill with new resource by @g-samroberts in
   [#20917](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20917)
-* fix(cli): pin clipboardy to ~5.2.x by @scidomino in
+- fix(cli): pin clipboardy to ~5.2.x by @scidomino in
   [#21009](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21009)
-* feat: Implement slash command handling in ACP for
+- feat: Implement slash command handling in ACP for
   `/memory`,`/init`,`/extensions` and `/restore` by @sripasg in
   [#20528](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20528)
-* Docs/add hooks reference by @AadithyaAle in
+- Docs/add hooks reference by @AadithyaAle in
   [#20961](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20961)
-* feat(plan): add copy subcommand to plan (#20491) by @ruomengz in
+- feat(plan): add copy subcommand to plan (#20491) by @ruomengz in
   [#20988](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20988)
-* fix(core): sanitize and length-check MCP tool qualified names by @abhipatel12
+- fix(core): sanitize and length-check MCP tool qualified names by @abhipatel12
   in [#20987](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20987)
-* Format the quota/limit style guide. by @g-samroberts in
+- Format the quota/limit style guide. by @g-samroberts in
   [#21017](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21017)
-* fix(core): send shell output to model on cancel by @devr0306 in
+- fix(core): send shell output to model on cancel by @devr0306 in
   [#20501](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20501)
-* remove hardcoded tiername when missing tier by @sehoon38 in
+- remove hardcoded tiername when missing tier by @sehoon38 in
   [#21022](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/21022)
-* feat(acp): add set models interface by @skeshive in
+- feat(acp): add set models interface by @skeshive in
   [#20991](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/20991)
 
 **Full Changelog**:
-https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/compare/v0.32.0-preview.0...v0.33.0-preview.1
+https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/compare/v0.32.0-preview.0...v0.33.0-preview.4

docs/cli/cli-reference.md

@@ -24,6 +24,21 @@ and parameters.
 | -------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
 | `query`  | string (variadic) | Positional prompt. Defaults to one-shot mode. Use `-i/--prompt-interactive` to execute and continue interactively. |
 
+## Interactive commands
+
+These commands are available within the interactive REPL.
+
+| Command              | Description                              |
+| -------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| `/skills reload`     | Reload discovered skills from disk       |
+| `/agents reload`     | Reload the agent registry                |
+| `/commands reload`   | Reload custom slash commands             |
+| `/memory reload`     | Reload context files (e.g., `GEMINI.md`) |
+| `/mcp reload`        | Restart and reload MCP servers           |
+| `/extensions reload` | Reload all active extensions             |
+| `/help`              | Show help for all commands               |
+| `/quit`              | Exit the interactive session             |
+
 ## CLI Options
 
 | Option                           | Alias | Type    | Default   | Description                                                                                                                                                            |

docs/cli/gemini-md.md

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ You can interact with the loaded context files by using the `/memory` command.
 - **`/memory show`**: Displays the full, concatenated content of the current
   hierarchical memory. This lets you inspect the exact instructional context
   being provided to the model.
-- **`/memory refresh`**: Forces a re-scan and reload of all `GEMINI.md` files
+- **`/memory reload`**: Forces a re-scan and reload of all `GEMINI.md` files
   from all configured locations.
 - **`/memory add <text>`**: Appends your text to your global
   `~/.gemini/GEMINI.md` file. This lets you add persistent memories on the fly.

docs/cli/notifications.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# Notifications (experimental)
+
+Gemini CLI can send system notifications to alert you when a session completes
+or when it needs your attention, such as when it's waiting for you to approve a
+tool call.
+
+> **Note:** This is a preview feature currently under active development.
+> Preview features may be available on the **Preview** channel or may need to be
+> enabled under `/settings`.
+
+Notifications are particularly useful when running long-running tasks or using
+[Plan Mode](./plan-mode.md), letting you switch to other windows while Gemini
+CLI works in the background.
+
+## Requirements
+
+Currently, system notifications are only supported on macOS.
+
+### Terminal support
+
+The CLI uses the OSC 9 terminal escape sequence to trigger system notifications.
+This is supported by several modern terminal emulators. If your terminal does
+not support OSC 9 notifications, Gemini CLI falls back to a system alert sound
+to get your attention.
+
+## Enable notifications
+
+Notifications are disabled by default. You can enable them using the `/settings`
+command or by updating your `settings.json` file.
+
+1.  Open the settings dialog by typing `/settings` in an interactive session.
+2.  Navigate to the **General** category.
+3.  Toggle the **Enable Notifications** setting to **On**.
+
+Alternatively, add the following to your `settings.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "general": {
+    "enableNotifications": true
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Types of notifications
+
+Gemini CLI sends notifications for the following events:
+
+- **Action required:** Triggered when the model is waiting for user input or
+  tool approval. This helps you know when the CLI has paused and needs you to
+  intervene.
+- **Session complete:** Triggered when a session finishes successfully. This is
+  useful for tracking the completion of automated tasks.
+
+## Next steps
+
+- Start planning with [Plan Mode](./plan-mode.md).
+- Configure your experience with other [settings](./settings.md).

docs/cli/settings.md

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ they appear in the UI.
 | UI Label                             | Setting                                           | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Default |
 | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
 | Memory Discovery Max Dirs            | `context.discoveryMaxDirs`                        | Maximum number of directories to search for memory.                                                                                                                                                                                         | `200`   |
-| Load Memory From Include Directories | `context.loadMemoryFromIncludeDirectories`        | Controls how /memory refresh loads GEMINI.md files. When true, include directories are scanned; when false, only the current directory is used.                                                                                             | `false` |
+| Load Memory From Include Directories | `context.loadMemoryFromIncludeDirectories`        | Controls how /memory reload loads GEMINI.md files. When true, include directories are scanned; when false, only the current directory is used.                                                                                              | `false` |
 | Respect .gitignore                   | `context.fileFiltering.respectGitIgnore`          | Respect .gitignore files when searching.                                                                                                                                                                                                    | `true`  |
 | Respect .geminiignore                | `context.fileFiltering.respectGeminiIgnore`       | Respect .geminiignore files when searching.                                                                                                                                                                                                 | `true`  |
 | Enable Recursive File Search         | `context.fileFiltering.enableRecursiveFileSearch` | Enable recursive file search functionality when completing @ references in the prompt.                                                                                                                                                      | `true`  |
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ they appear in the UI.
 | Plan                       | `experimental.plan`                      | Enable planning features (Plan Mode and tools).                                                                                                           | `false` |
 | Model Steering             | `experimental.modelSteering`             | Enable model steering (user hints) to guide the model during tool execution.                                                                              | `false` |
 | Direct Web Fetch           | `experimental.directWebFetch`            | Enable web fetch behavior that bypasses LLM summarization.                                                                                                | `false` |
-| Enable Gemma Model Router  | `experimental.gemmaModelRouter.enabled`  | Enable the Gemma Model Router. Requires a local endpoint serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.                                           | `false` |
 
 ### Skills
 

docs/cli/tutorials/mcp-setup.md

@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ The agent will:
 
 - **Server won't start?** Try running the docker command manually in your
   terminal to see if it prints an error (e.g., "image not found").
-- **Tools not found?** Run `/mcp refresh` to force the CLI to re-query the
-  server for its capabilities.
+- **Tools not found?** Run `/mcp reload` to force the CLI to re-query the server
+  for its capabilities.
 
 ## Next steps
 

docs/cli/tutorials/memory-management.md

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ excellent for debugging why the agent might be ignoring a rule.
 If you edit a `GEMINI.md` file while a session is running, the agent won't know
 immediately. Force a reload with:
 
-**Command:** `/memory refresh`
+**Command:** `/memory reload`
 
 ## Best practices
 

docs/cli/tutorials/shell-commands.md

@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@ prefix.
 
 **Example:** `!ls -la`
 
-This executes `ls -la` immediately and prints the output to your terminal. The
-AI doesn't "see" this output unless you paste it back into the chat or use it in
-a prompt.
+This executes `ls -la` immediately and prints the output to your terminal.
+Gemini CLI also records the command and its output in the current session
+context, so the model can reference it in follow-up prompts. Very large outputs
+may be truncated.
 
 ### Scenario: Entering Shell mode
 

docs/core/remote-agents.md

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ Markdown file.
 Users can manage subagents using the following commands within the Gemini CLI:
 
 - `/agents list`: Displays all available local and remote subagents.
-- `/agents refresh`: Reloads the agent registry. Use this after adding or
+- `/agents reload`: Reloads the agent registry. Use this after adding or
   modifying agent definition files.
 - `/agents enable <agent_name>`: Enables a specific subagent.
 - `/agents disable <agent_name>`: Disables a specific subagent.

docs/get-started/index.md

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ session's token usage, as well as your overall quota and usage for the supported
 models.
 
 For more information on the `/stats` command and its subcommands, see the
-[Command Reference](../../reference/commands.md#stats).
+[Command Reference](../reference/commands.md#stats).
 
 ## Next steps
 

docs/reference/configuration.md

@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Default:** `[]`
 
 - **`context.loadMemoryFromIncludeDirectories`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Controls how /memory refresh loads GEMINI.md files. When
+  - **Description:** Controls how /memory reload loads GEMINI.md files. When
     true, include directories are scanned; when false, only the current
     directory is used.
   - **Default:** `false`
@@ -1041,8 +1041,8 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
 - **`experimental.gemmaModelRouter.enabled`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Enable the Gemma Model Router. Requires a local endpoint
-    serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.
+  - **Description:** Enable the Gemma Model Router (experimental). Requires a
+    local endpoint serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.
   - **Default:** `false`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
@@ -1705,7 +1705,7 @@ conventions and context.
     loaded, allowing you to verify the hierarchy and content being used by the
     AI.
   - See the [Commands documentation](./commands.md#memory) for full details on
-    the `/memory` command and its sub-commands (`show` and `refresh`).
+    the `/memory` command and its sub-commands (`show` and `reload`).
 
 By understanding and utilizing these configuration layers and the hierarchical
 nature of context files, you can effectively manage the AI's memory and tailor

docs/reference/keyboard-shortcuts.md

@@ -8,119 +8,119 @@ available combinations.
 
 #### Basic Controls
 
-| Action                                                          | Keys                  |
-| --------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
-| Confirm the current selection or choice.                        | `Enter`               |
-| Dismiss dialogs or cancel the current focus.                    | `Esc`<br />`Ctrl + [` |
-| Cancel the current request or quit the CLI when input is empty. | `Ctrl + C`            |
-| Exit the CLI when the input buffer is empty.                    | `Ctrl + D`            |
+| Action                                                          | Keys                |
+| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- |
+| Confirm the current selection or choice.                        | `Enter`             |
+| Dismiss dialogs or cancel the current focus.                    | `Esc`<br />`Ctrl+[` |
+| Cancel the current request or quit the CLI when input is empty. | `Ctrl+C`            |
+| Exit the CLI when the input buffer is empty.                    | `Ctrl+D`            |
 
 #### Cursor Movement
 
-| Action                                      | Keys                                                         |
-| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
-| Move the cursor to the start of the line.   | `Ctrl + A`<br />`Home`                                       |
-| Move the cursor to the end of the line.     | `Ctrl + E`<br />`End`                                        |
-| Move the cursor up one line.                | `Up Arrow`                                                   |
-| Move the cursor down one line.              | `Down Arrow`                                                 |
-| Move the cursor one character to the left.  | `Left Arrow`                                                 |
-| Move the cursor one character to the right. | `Right Arrow`<br />`Ctrl + F`                                |
-| Move the cursor one word to the left.       | `Ctrl + Left Arrow`<br />`Alt + Left Arrow`<br />`Alt + B`   |
-| Move the cursor one word to the right.      | `Ctrl + Right Arrow`<br />`Alt + Right Arrow`<br />`Alt + F` |
+| Action                                      | Keys                                       |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
+| Move the cursor to the start of the line.   | `Ctrl+A`<br />`Home`                       |
+| Move the cursor to the end of the line.     | `Ctrl+E`<br />`End`                        |
+| Move the cursor up one line.                | `Up`                                       |
+| Move the cursor down one line.              | `Down`                                     |
+| Move the cursor one character to the left.  | `Left`                                     |
+| Move the cursor one character to the right. | `Right`<br />`Ctrl+F`                      |
+| Move the cursor one word to the left.       | `Ctrl+Left`<br />`Alt+Left`<br />`Alt+B`   |
+| Move the cursor one word to the right.      | `Ctrl+Right`<br />`Alt+Right`<br />`Alt+F` |
 
 #### Editing
 
-| Action                                           | Keys                                                             |
-| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| Delete from the cursor to the end of the line.   | `Ctrl + K`                                                       |
-| Delete from the cursor to the start of the line. | `Ctrl + U`                                                       |
-| Clear all text in the input field.               | `Ctrl + C`                                                       |
-| Delete the previous word.                        | `Ctrl + Backspace`<br />`Alt + Backspace`<br />`Ctrl + W`        |
-| Delete the next word.                            | `Ctrl + Delete`<br />`Alt + Delete`<br />`Alt + D`               |
-| Delete the character to the left.                | `Backspace`<br />`Ctrl + H`                                      |
-| Delete the character to the right.               | `Delete`<br />`Ctrl + D`                                         |
-| Undo the most recent text edit.                  | `Cmd + Z`<br />`Alt + Z`                                         |
-| Redo the most recent undone text edit.           | `Shift + Ctrl + Z`<br />`Shift + Cmd + Z`<br />`Shift + Alt + Z` |
+| Action                                           | Keys                                                     |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Delete from the cursor to the end of the line.   | `Ctrl+K`                                                 |
+| Delete from the cursor to the start of the line. | `Ctrl+U`                                                 |
+| Clear all text in the input field.               | `Ctrl+C`                                                 |
+| Delete the previous word.                        | `Ctrl+Backspace`<br />`Alt+Backspace`<br />`Ctrl+W`      |
+| Delete the next word.                            | `Ctrl+Delete`<br />`Alt+Delete`<br />`Alt+D`             |
+| Delete the character to the left.                | `Backspace`<br />`Ctrl+H`                                |
+| Delete the character to the right.               | `Delete`<br />`Ctrl+D`                                   |
+| Undo the most recent text edit.                  | `Cmd/Win+Z`<br />`Alt+Z`                                 |
+| Redo the most recent undone text edit.           | `Ctrl+Shift+Z`<br />`Shift+Cmd/Win+Z`<br />`Alt+Shift+Z` |
 
 #### Scrolling
 
-| Action                   | Keys                              |
-| ------------------------ | --------------------------------- |
-| Scroll content up.       | `Shift + Up Arrow`                |
-| Scroll content down.     | `Shift + Down Arrow`              |
-| Scroll to the top.       | `Ctrl + Home`<br />`Shift + Home` |
-| Scroll to the bottom.    | `Ctrl + End`<br />`Shift + End`   |
-| Scroll up by one page.   | `Page Up`                         |
-| Scroll down by one page. | `Page Down`                       |
+| Action                   | Keys                          |
+| ------------------------ | ----------------------------- |
+| Scroll content up.       | `Shift+Up`                    |
+| Scroll content down.     | `Shift+Down`                  |
+| Scroll to the top.       | `Ctrl+Home`<br />`Shift+Home` |
+| Scroll to the bottom.    | `Ctrl+End`<br />`Shift+End`   |
+| Scroll up by one page.   | `Page Up`                     |
+| Scroll down by one page. | `Page Down`                   |
 
 #### History & Search
 
 | Action                                       | Keys         |
 | -------------------------------------------- | ------------ |
-| Show the previous entry in history.          | `Ctrl + P`   |
-| Show the next entry in history.              | `Ctrl + N`   |
-| Start reverse search through history.        | `Ctrl + R`   |
+| Show the previous entry in history.          | `Ctrl+P`     |
+| Show the next entry in history.              | `Ctrl+N`     |
+| Start reverse search through history.        | `Ctrl+R`     |
 | Submit the selected reverse-search match.    | `Enter`      |
 | Accept a suggestion while reverse searching. | `Tab`        |
 | Browse and rewind previous interactions.     | `Double Esc` |
 
 #### Navigation
 
-| Action                                             | Keys                  |
-| -------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
-| Move selection up in lists.                        | `Up Arrow`            |
-| Move selection down in lists.                      | `Down Arrow`          |
-| Move up within dialog options.                     | `Up Arrow`<br />`K`   |
-| Move down within dialog options.                   | `Down Arrow`<br />`J` |
-| Move to the next item or question in a dialog.     | `Tab`                 |
-| Move to the previous item or question in a dialog. | `Shift + Tab`         |
+| Action                                             | Keys            |
+| -------------------------------------------------- | --------------- |
+| Move selection up in lists.                        | `Up`            |
+| Move selection down in lists.                      | `Down`          |
+| Move up within dialog options.                     | `Up`<br />`K`   |
+| Move down within dialog options.                   | `Down`<br />`J` |
+| Move to the next item or question in a dialog.     | `Tab`           |
+| Move to the previous item or question in a dialog. | `Shift+Tab`     |
 
 #### Suggestions & Completions
 
-| Action                                  | Keys                         |
-| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
-| Accept the inline suggestion.           | `Tab`<br />`Enter`           |
-| Move to the previous completion option. | `Up Arrow`<br />`Ctrl + P`   |
-| Move to the next completion option.     | `Down Arrow`<br />`Ctrl + N` |
-| Expand an inline suggestion.            | `Right Arrow`                |
-| Collapse an inline suggestion.          | `Left Arrow`                 |
+| Action                                  | Keys                 |
+| --------------------------------------- | -------------------- |
+| Accept the inline suggestion.           | `Tab`<br />`Enter`   |
+| Move to the previous completion option. | `Up`<br />`Ctrl+P`   |
+| Move to the next completion option.     | `Down`<br />`Ctrl+N` |
+| Expand an inline suggestion.            | `Right`              |
+| Collapse an inline suggestion.          | `Left`               |
 
 #### Text Input
 
-| Action                                                     | Keys                                                                                      |
-| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| Submit the current prompt.                                 | `Enter`                                                                                   |
-| Insert a newline without submitting.                       | `Ctrl + Enter`<br />`Cmd + Enter`<br />`Alt + Enter`<br />`Shift + Enter`<br />`Ctrl + J` |
-| Open the current prompt or the plan in an external editor. | `Ctrl + X`                                                                                |
-| Paste from the clipboard.                                  | `Ctrl + V`<br />`Cmd + V`<br />`Alt + V`                                                  |
+| Action                                                     | Keys                                                                                |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Submit the current prompt.                                 | `Enter`                                                                             |
+| Insert a newline without submitting.                       | `Ctrl+Enter`<br />`Cmd/Win+Enter`<br />`Alt+Enter`<br />`Shift+Enter`<br />`Ctrl+J` |
+| Open the current prompt or the plan in an external editor. | `Ctrl+X`                                                                            |
+| Paste from the clipboard.                                  | `Ctrl+V`<br />`Cmd/Win+V`<br />`Alt+V`                                              |
 
 #### App Controls
 
-| Action                                                                                                                                             | Keys                 |
-| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- |
-| Toggle detailed error information.                                                                                                                 | `F12`                |
-| Toggle the full TODO list.                                                                                                                         | `Ctrl + T`           |
-| Show IDE context details.                                                                                                                          | `Ctrl + G`           |
-| Toggle Markdown rendering.                                                                                                                         | `Alt + M`            |
-| Toggle copy mode when in alternate buffer mode.                                                                                                    | `Ctrl + S`           |
-| Toggle YOLO (auto-approval) mode for tool calls.                                                                                                   | `Ctrl + Y`           |
-| Cycle through approval modes: default (prompt), auto_edit (auto-approve edits), and plan (read-only). Plan mode is skipped when the agent is busy. | `Shift + Tab`        |
-| Expand and collapse blocks of content when not in alternate buffer mode.                                                                           | `Ctrl + O`           |
-| Expand or collapse a paste placeholder when cursor is over placeholder.                                                                            | `Ctrl + O`           |
-| Toggle current background shell visibility.                                                                                                        | `Ctrl + B`           |
-| Toggle background shell list.                                                                                                                      | `Ctrl + L`           |
-| Kill the active background shell.                                                                                                                  | `Ctrl + K`           |
-| Confirm selection in background shell list.                                                                                                        | `Enter`              |
-| Dismiss background shell list.                                                                                                                     | `Esc`                |
-| Move focus from background shell to Gemini.                                                                                                        | `Shift + Tab`        |
-| Move focus from background shell list to Gemini.                                                                                                   | `Tab`                |
-| Show warning when trying to move focus away from background shell.                                                                                 | `Tab`                |
-| Show warning when trying to move focus away from shell input.                                                                                      | `Tab`                |
-| Move focus from Gemini to the active shell.                                                                                                        | `Tab`                |
-| Move focus from the shell back to Gemini.                                                                                                          | `Shift + Tab`        |
-| Clear the terminal screen and redraw the UI.                                                                                                       | `Ctrl + L`           |
-| Restart the application.                                                                                                                           | `R`<br />`Shift + R` |
-| Suspend the CLI and move it to the background.                                                                                                     | `Ctrl + Z`           |
+| Action                                                                                                                                             | Keys               |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ |
+| Toggle detailed error information.                                                                                                                 | `F12`              |
+| Toggle the full TODO list.                                                                                                                         | `Ctrl+T`           |
+| Show IDE context details.                                                                                                                          | `Ctrl+G`           |
+| Toggle Markdown rendering.                                                                                                                         | `Alt+M`            |
+| Toggle copy mode when in alternate buffer mode.                                                                                                    | `Ctrl+S`           |
+| Toggle YOLO (auto-approval) mode for tool calls.                                                                                                   | `Ctrl+Y`           |
+| Cycle through approval modes: default (prompt), auto_edit (auto-approve edits), and plan (read-only). Plan mode is skipped when the agent is busy. | `Shift+Tab`        |
+| Expand and collapse blocks of content when not in alternate buffer mode.                                                                           | `Ctrl+O`           |
+| Expand or collapse a paste placeholder when cursor is over placeholder.                                                                            | `Ctrl+O`           |
+| Toggle current background shell visibility.                                                                                                        | `Ctrl+B`           |
+| Toggle background shell list.                                                                                                                      | `Ctrl+L`           |
+| Kill the active background shell.                                                                                                                  | `Ctrl+K`           |
+| Confirm selection in background shell list.                                                                                                        | `Enter`            |
+| Dismiss background shell list.                                                                                                                     | `Esc`              |
+| Move focus from background shell to Gemini.                                                                                                        | `Shift+Tab`        |
+| Move focus from background shell list to Gemini.                                                                                                   | `Tab`              |
+| Show warning when trying to move focus away from background shell.                                                                                 | `Tab`              |
+| Show warning when trying to move focus away from shell input.                                                                                      | `Tab`              |
+| Move focus from Gemini to the active shell.                                                                                                        | `Tab`              |
+| Move focus from the shell back to Gemini.                                                                                                          | `Shift+Tab`        |
+| Clear the terminal screen and redraw the UI.                                                                                                       | `Ctrl+L`           |
+| Restart the application.                                                                                                                           | `R`<br />`Shift+R` |
+| Suspend the CLI and move it to the background.                                                                                                     | `Ctrl+Z`           |
 
 <!-- KEYBINDINGS-AUTOGEN:END -->
 

docs/resources/quota-and-pricing.md

@@ -69,6 +69,19 @@ Learn more at
 If you use up your initial number of requests, you can continue to benefit from
 Gemini CLI by upgrading to one of the following subscriptions:
 
+### Individuals
+
+These tiers apply when you sign in with a personal account. To verify whether
+you're on a personal account, visit
+[Google One](https://one.google.com/about/plans?hl=en-US&g1_landing_page=0):
+
+- If you are on a personal account, you will see your personal dashboard.
+- If you are not on a personal account, you will see: "You're currently signed
+  in to your Google Workspace Account."
+
+**Supported tiers:** _- Tiers not listed above, including Google AI Plus, are
+not supported._
+
 - [Google AI Pro and AI Ultra](https://gemini.google/subscriptions/). This is
   recommended for individual developers. Quotas and pricing are based on a fixed
   price subscription.
@@ -78,6 +91,20 @@ Gemini CLI by upgrading to one of the following subscriptions:
   Learn more at
   [Gemini Code Assist Quotas and Limits](https://developers.google.com/gemini-code-assist/resources/quotas)
 
+### Through your organization
+
+These tiers are applicable when you are signing in with a Google Workspace
+account.
+
+- To verify your account type, visit
+  [the Google One page](https://one.google.com/about/plans?hl=en-US&g1_landing_page=0).
+- You are on a workspace account if you see the message "You're currently signed
+  in to your Google Workspace Account".
+
+**Supported tiers:** _- Tiers not listed above, including Workspace AI
+Standard/Plus and AI Expanded, are not supported._
+
+- [Workspace AI Ultra Access](https://workspace.google.com/products/ai-ultra/).
 - [Purchase a Gemini Code Assist Subscription through Google Cloud](https://cloud.google.com/gemini/docs/codeassist/overview).
 
   Quotas and pricing are based on a fixed price subscription with assigned
@@ -93,7 +120,7 @@ Gemini CLI by upgrading to one of the following subscriptions:
   - Model requests will be made across the Gemini model family as determined by
     Gemini CLI.
 
-  [Learn more about Gemini Code Assist Standard and Enterprise license limits](https://developers.google.com/gemini-code-assist/resources/quotas#quotas-for-agent-mode-gemini-cli).
+  [Learn more about Gemini Code Assist license limits](https://developers.google.com/gemini-code-assist/resources/quotas#quotas-for-agent-mode-gemini-cli).
 
 ## Pay as you go
 
@@ -151,7 +178,7 @@ session's token usage, as well as information about the limits associated with
 your current quota.
 
 For more information on the `/stats` command and its subcommands, see the
-[Command Reference](../../reference/commands.md#stats).
+[Command Reference](../reference/commands.md#stats).
 
 A summary of model usage is also presented on exit at the end of a session.
 

docs/sidebar.json

@@ -106,6 +106,11 @@
           { "label": "MCP servers", "slug": "docs/tools/mcp-server" },
           { "label": "Model routing", "slug": "docs/cli/model-routing" },
           { "label": "Model selection", "slug": "docs/cli/model" },
+          {
+            "label": "Notifications",
+            "badge": "🔬",
+            "slug": "docs/cli/notifications"
+          },
           { "label": "Plan mode", "badge": "🔬", "slug": "docs/cli/plan-mode" },
           {
             "label": "Subagents",

eslint.config.js

@@ -132,7 +132,16 @@ export default tseslint.config(
       'no-cond-assign': 'error',
       'no-debugger': 'error',
       'no-duplicate-case': 'error',
-      'no-restricted-syntax': ['error', ...commonRestrictedSyntaxRules],
+      'no-restricted-syntax': [
+        'error',
+        ...commonRestrictedSyntaxRules,
+        {
+          selector:
+            'UnaryExpression[operator="typeof"] > MemberExpression[computed=true][property.type="Literal"]',
+          message:
+            'Do not use typeof to check object properties. Define a TypeScript interface and a type guard function instead.',
+        },
+      ],
       'no-unsafe-finally': 'error',
       'no-unused-expressions': 'off', // Disable base rule
       '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-expressions': [
@@ -263,6 +272,7 @@ export default tseslint.config(
       ...vitest.configs.recommended.rules,
       'vitest/expect-expect': 'off',
       'vitest/no-commented-out-tests': 'off',
+      'no-restricted-syntax': ['error', ...commonRestrictedSyntaxRules],
     },
   },
   {

evals/concurrency-safety.eval.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { expect } from 'vitest';
+import { evalTest } from './test-helper.js';
+
+const MUTATION_AGENT_DEFINITION = `---
+name: mutation-agent
+description: An agent that modifies the workspace (writes, deletes, git operations, etc).
+max_turns: 1
+tools:
+  - write_file
+---
+
+You are the mutation agent. Do the mutation requested.
+`;
+
+describe('concurrency safety eval test cases', () => {
+  evalTest('USUALLY_PASSES', {
+    name: 'mutation agents are run in parallel when explicitly requested',
+    params: {
+      settings: {
+        experimental: {
+          enableAgents: true,
+        },
+      },
+    },
+    prompt:
+      'Update A.txt to say "A" and update B.txt to say "B". Delegate these tasks to two separate mutation-agent subagents. You MUST run these subagents in parallel at the same time.',
+    files: {
+      '.gemini/agents/mutation-agent.md': MUTATION_AGENT_DEFINITION,
+    },
+    assert: async (rig) => {
+      const logs = rig.readToolLogs();
+      const mutationCalls = logs.filter(
+        (log) => log.toolRequest?.name === 'mutation-agent',
+      );
+
+      expect(
+        mutationCalls.length,
+        'Agent should have called the mutation-agent at least twice',
+      ).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2);
+
+      const firstPromptId = mutationCalls[0].toolRequest.prompt_id;
+      const secondPromptId = mutationCalls[1].toolRequest.prompt_id;
+
+      expect(
+        firstPromptId,
+        'mutation agents should be called in parallel (same turn / prompt_ids) when explicitly requested',
+      ).toEqual(secondPromptId);
+    },
+  });
+});

evals/interactive-hang.eval.ts

@@ -71,4 +71,30 @@ describe('interactive_commands', () => {
       ).toMatch(/(?:^|\s)(--yes|-y|--template\s+\S+)(?:\s|$|\\|")/);
     },
   });
+
+  /**
+   * Validates that the agent does not hang when creating a vite app.
+   */
+  evalTest('ALWAYS_PASSES', {
+    name: 'should not hang when creating a vite app',
+    prompt: 'create a hello world app with vite',
+    files: {
+      //'.npmrc': 'cache=./.npm-cache',
+    },
+    assert: async (rig, result) => {
+      await rig.waitForToolCall('run_shell_command');
+      const logs = rig.readToolLogs();
+      const viteCall = logs.find(
+        (l) =>
+          l.toolRequest.name === 'run_shell_command' &&
+          l.toolRequest.args.toLowerCase().includes('vite'),
+      );
+
+      expect(viteCall, 'Agent should have called vite').toBeDefined();
+      expect(
+        viteCall?.toolRequest.success,
+        'Vite tool call should finish successfully without hanging',
+      ).toBe(true);
+    },
+  });
 });

evals/test-helper.ts

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ export function evalTest(policy: EvalPolicy, evalCase: EvalCase) {
         // commands.
         execSync('git config core.editor "true"', execOptions);
         execSync('git config core.pager "cat"', execOptions);
+        execSync('git config commit.gpgsign false', execOptions);
         execSync('git add .', execOptions);
         execSync('git commit --allow-empty -m "Initial commit"', execOptions);
       }

integration-tests/extensions-reload.test.ts

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ describe('extension reloading', () => {
           return (
             output.includes(
               'test-server (from test-extension) - Ready (1 tool)',
-            ) && output.includes('- hello')
+            ) && output.includes('- mcp_test-server_hello')
           );
         },
         30000, // 30s timeout
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ describe('extension reloading', () => {
           return (
             output.includes(
               'test-server (from test-extension) - Ready (1 tool)',
-            ) && output.includes('- goodbye')
+            ) && output.includes('- mcp_test-server_goodbye')
           );
         },
         30000,

integration-tests/hooks-agent-flow.test.ts

@@ -182,14 +182,22 @@ describe('Hooks Agent Flow', () => {
       );
 
       const afterAgentScript = `
-        console.log(JSON.stringify({
-          decision: 'block',
-          reason: 'Security policy triggered',
-          hookSpecificOutput: {
-            hookEventName: 'AfterAgent',
-            clearContext: true
-          }
-        }));
+        const fs = require('fs');
+        const input = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(0, 'utf-8'));
+        if (input.stop_hook_active) {
+          // Retry turn: allow execution to proceed (breaks the loop)
+          console.log(JSON.stringify({ decision: 'allow' }));
+        } else {
+          // First call: block and clear context to trigger the retry
+          console.log(JSON.stringify({
+            decision: 'block',
+            reason: 'Security policy triggered',
+            hookSpecificOutput: {
+              hookEventName: 'AfterAgent',
+              clearContext: true
+            }
+          }));
+        }
       `;
       const afterAgentScriptPath = rig.createScript(
         'after_agent_clear.cjs',
@@ -198,8 +206,10 @@ describe('Hooks Agent Flow', () => {
 
       rig.setup('should process clearContext in AfterAgent hook output', {
         settings: {
-          hooks: {
+          hooksConfig: {
             enabled: true,
+          },
+          hooks: {
             BeforeModel: [
               {
                 hooks: [

integration-tests/hooks-system.after-agent.responses

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 {"method":"generateContentStream","response":[{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Hi there!"}],"role":"model"},"finishReason":"STOP","index":0}]}]}
 {"method":"generateContentStream","response":[{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Clarification: I am a bot."}],"role":"model"},"finishReason":"STOP","index":0}]}]}
+{"method":"generateContentStream","response":[{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Security policy triggered"}],"role":"model"},"finishReason":"STOP","index":0}]}]}

integration-tests/policy-headless.test.ts

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ async function verifyToolExecution(
   promptCommand: PromptCommand,
   result: string,
   expectAllowed: boolean,
+  expectedDenialString?: string,
 ) {
   const log = await waitForToolCallLog(
     rig,
@@ -78,10 +79,13 @@ async function verifyToolExecution(
   if (expectAllowed) {
     expect(log!.toolRequest.success).toBe(true);
     expect(result).not.toContain('Tool execution denied by policy');
+    expect(result).not.toContain(`Tool "${promptCommand.tool}" not found`);
     expect(result).toContain(promptCommand.expectedSuccessResult);
   } else {
     expect(log!.toolRequest.success).toBe(false);
-    expect(result).toContain('Tool execution denied by policy');
+    expect(result).toContain(
+      expectedDenialString || 'Tool execution denied by policy',
+    );
     expect(result).toContain(promptCommand.expectedFailureResult);
   }
 }
@@ -92,6 +96,7 @@ interface TestCase {
   promptCommand: PromptCommand;
   policyContent?: string;
   expectAllowed: boolean;
+  expectedDenialString?: string;
 }
 
 describe('Policy Engine Headless Mode', () => {
@@ -125,7 +130,13 @@ describe('Policy Engine Headless Mode', () => {
       approvalMode: 'default',
     });
 
-    await verifyToolExecution(rig, tc.promptCommand, result, tc.expectAllowed);
+    await verifyToolExecution(
+      rig,
+      tc.promptCommand,
+      result,
+      tc.expectAllowed,
+      tc.expectedDenialString,
+    );
   };
 
   const testCases = [
@@ -134,6 +145,7 @@ describe('Policy Engine Headless Mode', () => {
       responsesFile: 'policy-headless-shell-denied.responses',
       promptCommand: ECHO_PROMPT,
       expectAllowed: false,
+      expectedDenialString: 'Tool "run_shell_command" not found',
     },
     {
       name: 'should allow ASK_USER tools in headless mode if explicitly allowed via policy file',
@@ -178,6 +190,7 @@ describe('Policy Engine Headless Mode', () => {
         priority = 100
       `,
       expectAllowed: false,
+      expectedDenialString: 'Tool execution denied by policy',
     },
   ];
 

packages/a2a-server/src/agent/task.ts

@@ -832,7 +832,9 @@ export class Task {
     if (
       part.kind !== 'data' ||
       !part.data ||
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
       typeof part.data['callId'] !== 'string' ||
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
       typeof part.data['outcome'] !== 'string'
     ) {
       return false;

packages/a2a-server/src/config/config.ts

@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ export async function loadConfig(
     await loadServerHierarchicalMemory(
       workspaceDir,
       [workspaceDir],
-      false,
       fileService,
       extensionLoader,
       folderTrust,

packages/cli/src/acp/commands/extensions.ts

@@ -319,26 +319,43 @@ export class UninstallExtensionCommand implements Command {
       };
     }
 
-    const name = args.join(' ').trim();
-    if (!name) {
+    const all = args.includes('--all');
+    const names = args.filter((a) => !a.startsWith('--')).map((a) => a.trim());
+
+    if (!all && names.length === 0) {
       return {
         name: this.name,
-        data: `Usage: /extensions uninstall <extension-name>`,
+        data: `Usage: /extensions uninstall <extension-names...>|--all`,
       };
     }
 
-    try {
-      await extensionLoader.uninstallExtension(name, false);
+    let namesToUninstall: string[] = [];
+    if (all) {
+      namesToUninstall = extensionLoader.getExtensions().map((ext) => ext.name);
+    } else {
+      namesToUninstall = names;
+    }
+
+    if (namesToUninstall.length === 0) {
       return {
         name: this.name,
-        data: `Extension "${name}" uninstalled successfully.`,
-      };
-    } catch (error) {
-      return {
-        name: this.name,
-        data: `Failed to uninstall extension "${name}": ${getErrorMessage(error)}`,
+        data: all ? 'No extensions installed.' : 'No extension name provided.',
       };
     }
+
+    const output: string[] = [];
+    for (const extensionName of namesToUninstall) {
+      try {
+        await extensionLoader.uninstallExtension(extensionName, false);
+        output.push(`Extension "${extensionName}" uninstalled successfully.`);
+      } catch (error) {
+        output.push(
+          `Failed to uninstall extension "${extensionName}": ${getErrorMessage(error)}`,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    return { name: this.name, data: output.join('\n') };
   }
 }
 

packages/cli/src/commands/extensions/uninstall.test.ts

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import { getErrorMessage } from '../../utils/errors.js';
 // Hoisted mocks - these survive vi.clearAllMocks()
 const mockUninstallExtension = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 const mockLoadExtensions = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
+const mockGetExtensions = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 
 // Mock dependencies with hoisted functions
 vi.mock('../../config/extension-manager.js', async (importOriginal) => {
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ vi.mock('../../config/extension-manager.js', async (importOriginal) => {
     ExtensionManager: vi.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
       uninstallExtension: mockUninstallExtension,
       loadExtensions: mockLoadExtensions,
+      getExtensions: mockGetExtensions,
       setRequestConsent: vi.fn(),
       setRequestSetting: vi.fn(),
     })),
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ describe('extensions uninstall command', () => {
   afterEach(() => {
     mockLoadExtensions.mockClear();
     mockUninstallExtension.mockClear();
+    mockGetExtensions.mockClear();
     vi.clearAllMocks();
   });
 
@@ -145,6 +148,41 @@ describe('extensions uninstall command', () => {
       mockCwd.mockRestore();
     });
 
+    it('should uninstall all extensions when --all flag is used', async () => {
+      mockLoadExtensions.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+      mockUninstallExtension.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+      mockGetExtensions.mockReturnValue([{ name: 'ext1' }, { name: 'ext2' }]);
+      const mockCwd = vi.spyOn(process, 'cwd').mockReturnValue('/test/dir');
+      await handleUninstall({ all: true });
+
+      expect(mockUninstallExtension).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+      expect(mockUninstallExtension).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ext1', false);
+      expect(mockUninstallExtension).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ext2', false);
+      expect(emitConsoleLog).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'log',
+        'Extension "ext1" successfully uninstalled.',
+      );
+      expect(emitConsoleLog).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'log',
+        'Extension "ext2" successfully uninstalled.',
+      );
+      mockCwd.mockRestore();
+    });
+
+    it('should log a message if no extensions are installed and --all flag is used', async () => {
+      mockLoadExtensions.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+      mockGetExtensions.mockReturnValue([]);
+      const mockCwd = vi.spyOn(process, 'cwd').mockReturnValue('/test/dir');
+      await handleUninstall({ all: true });
+
+      expect(mockUninstallExtension).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(emitConsoleLog).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'log',
+        'No extensions currently installed.',
+      );
+      mockCwd.mockRestore();
+    });
+
     it('should report errors for failed uninstalls but continue with others', async () => {
       mockLoadExtensions.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
       const mockCwd = vi.spyOn(process, 'cwd').mockReturnValue('/test/dir');
@@ -236,13 +274,14 @@ describe('extensions uninstall command', () => {
     const command = uninstallCommand;
 
     it('should have correct command and describe', () => {
-      expect(command.command).toBe('uninstall <names..>');
+      expect(command.command).toBe('uninstall [names..]');
       expect(command.describe).toBe('Uninstalls one or more extensions.');
     });
 
     describe('builder', () => {
       interface MockYargs {
         positional: Mock;
+        option: Mock;
         check: Mock;
       }
 
@@ -250,11 +289,12 @@ describe('extensions uninstall command', () => {
       beforeEach(() => {
         yargsMock = {
           positional: vi.fn().mockReturnThis(),
+          option: vi.fn().mockReturnThis(),
           check: vi.fn().mockReturnThis(),
         };
       });
 
-      it('should configure positional argument', () => {
+      it('should configure arguments and options', () => {
         (command.builder as (yargs: Argv) => Argv)(
           yargsMock as unknown as Argv,
         );
@@ -264,18 +304,31 @@ describe('extensions uninstall command', () => {
           type: 'string',
           array: true,
         });
+        expect(yargsMock.option).toHaveBeenCalledWith('all', {
+          type: 'boolean',
+          describe: 'Uninstall all installed extensions.',
+          default: false,
+        });
         expect(yargsMock.check).toHaveBeenCalled();
       });
 
-      it('check function should throw for missing names', () => {
+      it('check function should throw for missing names and no --all flag', () => {
         (command.builder as (yargs: Argv) => Argv)(
           yargsMock as unknown as Argv,
         );
         const checkCallback = yargsMock.check.mock.calls[0][0];
-        expect(() => checkCallback({ names: [] })).toThrow(
-          'Please include at least one extension name to uninstall as a positional argument.',
+        expect(() => checkCallback({ names: [], all: false })).toThrow(
+          'Please include at least one extension name to uninstall as a positional argument, or use the --all flag.',
         );
       });
+
+      it('check function should pass if --all flag is used even without names', () => {
+        (command.builder as (yargs: Argv) => Argv)(
+          yargsMock as unknown as Argv,
+        );
+        const checkCallback = yargsMock.check.mock.calls[0][0];
+        expect(() => checkCallback({ names: [], all: true })).not.toThrow();
+      });
     });
 
     it('handler should call handleUninstall', async () => {
@@ -283,10 +336,17 @@ describe('extensions uninstall command', () => {
       mockUninstallExtension.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
       const mockCwd = vi.spyOn(process, 'cwd').mockReturnValue('/test/dir');
       interface TestArgv {
-        names: string[];
-        [key: string]: unknown;
+        names?: string[];
+        all?: boolean;
+        _: string[];
+        $0: string;
       }
-      const argv: TestArgv = { names: ['my-extension'], _: [], $0: '' };
+      const argv: TestArgv = {
+        names: ['my-extension'],
+        all: false,
+        _: [],
+        $0: '',
+      };
       await (command.handler as unknown as (args: TestArgv) => Promise<void>)(
         argv,
       );

packages/cli/src/commands/extensions/uninstall.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ import { promptForSetting } from '../../config/extensions/extensionSettings.js';
 import { exitCli } from '../utils.js';
 
 interface UninstallArgs {
-  names: string[]; // can be extension names or source URLs.
+  names?: string[]; // can be extension names or source URLs.
+  all?: boolean;
 }
 
 export async function handleUninstall(args: UninstallArgs) {
@@ -28,8 +29,24 @@ export async function handleUninstall(args: UninstallArgs) {
     });
     await extensionManager.loadExtensions();
 
+    let namesToUninstall: string[] = [];
+    if (args.all) {
+      namesToUninstall = extensionManager
+        .getExtensions()
+        .map((ext) => ext.name);
+    } else if (args.names) {
+      namesToUninstall = [...new Set(args.names)];
+    }
+
+    if (namesToUninstall.length === 0) {
+      if (args.all) {
+        debugLogger.log('No extensions currently installed.');
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
     const errors: Array<{ name: string; error: string }> = [];
-    for (const name of [...new Set(args.names)]) {
+    for (const name of namesToUninstall) {
       try {
         await extensionManager.uninstallExtension(name, false);
         debugLogger.log(`Extension "${name}" successfully uninstalled.`);
@@ -51,7 +68,7 @@ export async function handleUninstall(args: UninstallArgs) {
 }
 
 export const uninstallCommand: CommandModule = {
-  command: 'uninstall <names..>',
+  command: 'uninstall [names..]',
   describe: 'Uninstalls one or more extensions.',
   builder: (yargs) =>
     yargs
@@ -61,10 +78,15 @@ export const uninstallCommand: CommandModule = {
         type: 'string',
         array: true,
       })
+      .option('all', {
+        type: 'boolean',
+        describe: 'Uninstall all installed extensions.',
+        default: false,
+      })
       .check((argv) => {
-        if (!argv.names || argv.names.length === 0) {
+        if (!argv.all && (!argv.names || argv.names.length === 0)) {
           throw new Error(
-            'Please include at least one extension name to uninstall as a positional argument.',
+            'Please include at least one extension name to uninstall as a positional argument, or use the --all flag.',
           );
         }
         return true;
@@ -72,7 +94,9 @@ export const uninstallCommand: CommandModule = {
   handler: async (argv) => {
     await handleUninstall({
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-type-assertion
-      names: argv['names'] as string[],
+      names: argv['names'] as string[] | undefined,
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-type-assertion
+      all: argv['all'] as boolean,
     });
     await exitCli();
   },

packages/cli/src/commands/hooks/migrate.ts

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ function migrateClaudeHook(claudeHook: unknown): unknown {
     migrated['command'] = hook['command'];
 
     // Replace CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR with GEMINI_PROJECT_DIR in command
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
     if (typeof migrated['command'] === 'string') {
       migrated['command'] = migrated['command'].replace(
         /\$CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR/g,
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ function migrateClaudeHook(claudeHook: unknown): unknown {
   }
 
   // Map timeout field (Claude uses seconds, Gemini uses seconds)
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
   if ('timeout' in hook && typeof hook['timeout'] === 'number') {
     migrated['timeout'] = hook['timeout'];
   }
@@ -140,6 +142,7 @@ function migrateClaudeHooks(claudeConfig: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
       // Transform matcher
       if (
         'matcher' in definition &&
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
         typeof definition['matcher'] === 'string'
       ) {
         migratedDef['matcher'] = transformMatcher(definition['matcher']);

packages/cli/src/config/config.test.ts

@@ -116,14 +116,16 @@ vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async () => {
       (
         cwd,
         dirs,
-        debug,
         fileService,
         extensionLoader: ExtensionLoader,
+        _folderTrust,
+        _importFormat,
+        _fileFilteringOptions,
         _maxDirs,
       ) => {
-        const extensionPaths = extensionLoader
-          .getExtensions()
-          .flatMap((e) => e.contextFiles);
+        const extensionPaths =
+          extensionLoader?.getExtensions?.()?.flatMap((e) => e.contextFiles) ||
+          [];
         return Promise.resolve({
           memoryContent: extensionPaths.join(',') || '',
           fileCount: extensionPaths?.length || 0,
@@ -847,7 +849,6 @@ describe('Hierarchical Memory Loading (config.ts) - Placeholder Suite', () => {
     expect(ServerConfig.loadServerHierarchicalMemory).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.any(String),
       [],
-      false,
       expect.any(Object),
       expect.any(ExtensionManager),
       true,
@@ -876,7 +877,6 @@ describe('Hierarchical Memory Loading (config.ts) - Placeholder Suite', () => {
     expect(ServerConfig.loadServerHierarchicalMemory).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.any(String),
       [includeDir],
-      false,
       expect.any(Object),
       expect.any(ExtensionManager),
       true,
@@ -904,7 +904,6 @@ describe('Hierarchical Memory Loading (config.ts) - Placeholder Suite', () => {
     expect(ServerConfig.loadServerHierarchicalMemory).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.any(String),
       [],
-      false,
       expect.any(Object),
       expect.any(ExtensionManager),
       true,

packages/cli/src/config/config.ts

@@ -499,7 +499,6 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
       settings.context?.loadMemoryFromIncludeDirectories || false
         ? includeDirectories
         : [],
-      debugMode,
       fileService,
       extensionManager,
       trustedFolder,
@@ -806,6 +805,7 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
     fakeResponses: argv.fakeResponses,
     recordResponses: argv.recordResponses,
     retryFetchErrors: settings.general?.retryFetchErrors,
+    billing: settings.billing,
     maxAttempts: settings.general?.maxAttempts,
     ptyInfo: ptyInfo?.name,
     disableLLMCorrection: settings.tools?.disableLLMCorrection,

packages/cli/src/config/policy-engine.integration.test.ts

@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
       // Tools from allowed server should be allowed
       // Tools from allowed server should be allowed
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'allowed-server__tool1' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_allowed-server_tool1' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
         (
           await engine.check(
-            { name: 'allowed-server__another_tool' },
+            { name: 'mcp_allowed-server_another_tool' },
             undefined,
           )
         ).decision,
@@ -107,13 +107,13 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
 
       // Tools from trusted server should be allowed
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'trusted-server__tool1' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_trusted-server_tool1' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
         (
           await engine.check(
-            { name: 'trusted-server__special_tool' },
+            { name: 'mcp_trusted-server_special_tool' },
             undefined,
           )
         ).decision,
@@ -121,17 +121,17 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
 
       // Tools from blocked server should be denied
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'blocked-server__tool1' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_blocked-server_tool1' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'blocked-server__any_tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_blocked-server_any_tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
 
       // Tools from unknown servers should use default
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'unknown-server__tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_unknown-server_tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ASK_USER);
     });
@@ -151,12 +151,16 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
 
       // ANY tool with a server name should be allowed
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp-server__tool' }, 'mcp-server'))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_mcp-server_tool' }, 'mcp-server'))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'another-server__tool' }, 'another-server'))
-          .decision,
+        (
+          await engine.check(
+            { name: 'mcp_another-server_tool' },
+            'another-server',
+          )
+        ).decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
 
       // Built-in tools should NOT be allowed by the MCP wildcard
@@ -171,7 +175,7 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
           allowed: ['my-server'],
         },
         tools: {
-          exclude: ['my-server__dangerous-tool'],
+          exclude: ['mcp_my-server_dangerous-tool'],
         },
       };
 
@@ -184,20 +188,24 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
       // MCP server allowed (priority 4.1) provides general allow for server
       // MCP server allowed (priority 4.1) provides general allow for server
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'my-server__safe-tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_my-server_safe-tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       // But specific tool exclude (priority 4.4) wins over server allow
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'my-server__dangerous-tool' }, undefined))
-          .decision,
+        (
+          await engine.check(
+            { name: 'mcp_my-server_dangerous-tool' },
+            undefined,
+          )
+        ).decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
     });
 
     it('should handle complex mixed configurations', async () => {
       const settings: Settings = {
         tools: {
-          allowed: ['custom-tool', 'my-server__special-tool'],
+          allowed: ['custom-tool', 'mcp_my-server_special-tool'],
           exclude: ['glob', 'dangerous-tool'],
         },
         mcp: {
@@ -242,21 +250,21 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
         (await engine.check({ name: 'custom-tool' }, undefined)).decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'my-server__special-tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_my-server_special-tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
 
       // MCP server tools
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'allowed-server__tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_allowed-server_tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'trusted-server__tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_trusted-server_tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'blocked-server__tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_blocked-server_tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
 
@@ -483,7 +491,7 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
       expect(blockedToolRule?.priority).toBe(4.4); // Command line exclude
 
       const blockedServerRule = rules.find(
-        (r) => r.toolName === 'blocked-server__*',
+        (r) => r.toolName === 'mcp_blocked-server_*',
       );
       expect(blockedServerRule?.priority).toBe(4.9); // MCP server exclude
 
@@ -493,11 +501,13 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
       expect(specificToolRule?.priority).toBe(4.3); // Command line allow
 
       const trustedServerRule = rules.find(
-        (r) => r.toolName === 'trusted-server__*',
+        (r) => r.toolName === 'mcp_trusted-server_*',
       );
       expect(trustedServerRule?.priority).toBe(4.2); // MCP trusted server
 
-      const mcpServerRule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'mcp-server__*');
+      const mcpServerRule = rules.find(
+        (r) => r.toolName === 'mcp_mcp-server_*',
+      );
       expect(mcpServerRule?.priority).toBe(4.1); // MCP allowed server
 
       const readOnlyToolRule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'glob');
@@ -509,18 +519,19 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
         (await engine.check({ name: 'blocked-tool' }, undefined)).decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'blocked-server__any' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_blocked-server_any' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
       expect(
         (await engine.check({ name: 'specific-tool' }, undefined)).decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'trusted-server__any' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_trusted-server_any' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp-server__any' }, undefined)).decision,
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_mcp-server_any' }, undefined))
+          .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.ALLOW);
       expect((await engine.check({ name: 'glob' }, undefined)).decision).toBe(
         PolicyDecision.ALLOW,
@@ -549,7 +560,7 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
 
       // Exclusion (195) should win over trust (90)
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'conflicted-server__tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_conflicted-server_tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
     });
@@ -560,7 +571,7 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
           excluded: ['my-server'], // Priority 195 - DENY
         },
         tools: {
-          allowed: ['my-server__special-tool'], // Priority 100 - ALLOW
+          allowed: ['mcp_my-server_special-tool'], // Priority 100 - ALLOW
         },
       };
 
@@ -573,11 +584,11 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
       // Server exclusion (195) wins over specific tool allow (100)
       // This might be counterintuitive but follows the priority system
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'my-server__special-tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_my-server_special-tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
       expect(
-        (await engine.check({ name: 'my-server__other-tool' }, undefined))
+        (await engine.check({ name: 'mcp_my-server_other-tool' }, undefined))
           .decision,
       ).toBe(PolicyDecision.DENY);
     });
@@ -647,13 +658,13 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
       const tool3Rule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'tool3');
       expect(tool3Rule?.priority).toBe(4.4); // Excluded tools (user tier)
 
-      const server2Rule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'server2__*');
+      const server2Rule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'mcp_server2_*');
       expect(server2Rule?.priority).toBe(4.9); // Excluded servers (user tier)
 
       const tool1Rule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'tool1');
       expect(tool1Rule?.priority).toBe(4.3); // Allowed tools (user tier)
 
-      const server1Rule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'server1__*');
+      const server1Rule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'mcp_server1_*');
       expect(server1Rule?.priority).toBe(4.1); // Allowed servers (user tier)
 
       const globRule = rules.find((r) => r.toolName === 'glob');

packages/cli/src/config/policy.test.ts

@@ -183,7 +183,6 @@ describe('resolveWorkspacePolicyState', () => {
       setAutoAcceptWorkspacePolicies(originalValue);
     }
   });
-
   it('should not return workspace policies if cwd is the home directory', async () => {
     const policiesDir = path.join(tempDir, '.gemini', 'policies');
     fs.mkdirSync(policiesDir, { recursive: true });

packages/cli/src/config/settingsSchema.test.ts

@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ describe('SettingsSchema', () => {
       expect(gemmaModelRouter.category).toBe('Experimental');
       expect(gemmaModelRouter.default).toEqual({});
       expect(gemmaModelRouter.requiresRestart).toBe(true);
-      expect(gemmaModelRouter.showInDialog).toBe(true);
+      expect(gemmaModelRouter.showInDialog).toBe(false);
       expect(gemmaModelRouter.description).toBe(
         'Enable Gemma model router (experimental).',
       );
@@ -472,9 +472,9 @@ describe('SettingsSchema', () => {
       expect(enabled.category).toBe('Experimental');
       expect(enabled.default).toBe(false);
       expect(enabled.requiresRestart).toBe(true);
-      expect(enabled.showInDialog).toBe(true);
+      expect(enabled.showInDialog).toBe(false);
       expect(enabled.description).toBe(
-        'Enable the Gemma Model Router. Requires a local endpoint serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.',
+        'Enable the Gemma Model Router (experimental). Requires a local endpoint serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.',
       );
 
       const classifier = gemmaModelRouter.properties.classifier;

packages/cli/src/config/settingsSchema.ts

@@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
         requiresRestart: false,
         default: false,
         description: oneLine`
-          Controls how /memory refresh loads GEMINI.md files.
+          Controls how /memory reload loads GEMINI.md files.
           When true, include directories are scanned; when false, only the current directory is used.
         `,
         showInDialog: true,
@@ -1863,7 +1863,7 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
         requiresRestart: true,
         default: {},
         description: 'Enable Gemma model router (experimental).',
-        showInDialog: true,
+        showInDialog: false,
         properties: {
           enabled: {
             type: 'boolean',
@@ -1872,8 +1872,8 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
             requiresRestart: true,
             default: false,
             description:
-              'Enable the Gemma Model Router. Requires a local endpoint serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.',
-            showInDialog: true,
+              'Enable the Gemma Model Router (experimental). Requires a local endpoint serving Gemma via the Gemini API using LiteRT-LM shim.',
+            showInDialog: false,
           },
           classifier: {
             type: 'object',

packages/cli/src/gemini.test.tsx

@@ -747,6 +747,60 @@ describe('gemini.tsx main function kitty protocol', () => {
     emitFeedbackSpy.mockRestore();
   });
 
+  it('should start normally with a warning when no sessions found for resume', async () => {
+    const { SessionSelector, SessionError } = await import(
+      './utils/sessionUtils.js'
+    );
+    vi.mocked(SessionSelector).mockImplementation(
+      () =>
+        ({
+          resolveSession: vi
+            .fn()
+            .mockRejectedValue(SessionError.noSessionsFound()),
+        }) as unknown as InstanceType<typeof SessionSelector>,
+    );
+
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((code) => {
+        throw new MockProcessExitError(code);
+      });
+    const emitFeedbackSpy = vi.spyOn(coreEvents, 'emitFeedback');
+
+    vi.mocked(loadSettings).mockReturnValue(
+      createMockSettings({
+        merged: { advanced: {}, security: { auth: {} }, ui: { theme: 'test' } },
+        workspace: { settings: {} },
+        setValue: vi.fn(),
+        forScope: () => ({ settings: {}, originalSettings: {}, path: '' }),
+      }),
+    );
+
+    vi.mocked(parseArguments).mockResolvedValue({
+      promptInteractive: false,
+      resume: 'latest',
+    } as unknown as CliArgs);
+    vi.mocked(loadCliConfig).mockResolvedValue(
+      createMockConfig({
+        isInteractive: () => true,
+        getQuestion: () => '',
+        getSandbox: () => undefined,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    await main();
+
+    // Should NOT have crashed
+    expect(processExitSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    // Should NOT have emitted a feedback error
+    expect(emitFeedbackSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'error',
+      expect.stringContaining('Error resuming session'),
+    );
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+    emitFeedbackSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
   it.skip('should log error when cleanupExpiredSessions fails', async () => {
     const { cleanupExpiredSessions } = await import(
       './utils/sessionCleanup.js'
@@ -959,13 +1013,18 @@ describe('gemini.tsx main function exit codes', () => {
       resume: 'invalid-session',
     } as unknown as CliArgs);
 
-    vi.mock('./utils/sessionUtils.js', () => ({
-      SessionSelector: vi.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
-        resolveSession: vi
-          .fn()
-          .mockRejectedValue(new Error('Session not found')),
-      })),
-    }));
+    vi.mock('./utils/sessionUtils.js', async (importOriginal) => {
+      const original =
+        await importOriginal<typeof import('./utils/sessionUtils.js')>();
+      return {
+        ...original,
+        SessionSelector: vi.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
+          resolveSession: vi
+            .fn()
+            .mockRejectedValue(new Error('Session not found')),
+        })),
+      };
+    });
 
     process.env['GEMINI_API_KEY'] = 'test-key';
     try {

packages/cli/src/gemini.tsx

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ import { validateNonInteractiveAuth } from './validateNonInterActiveAuth.js';
 import { checkForUpdates } from './ui/utils/updateCheck.js';
 import { handleAutoUpdate } from './utils/handleAutoUpdate.js';
 import { appEvents, AppEvent } from './utils/events.js';
-import { SessionSelector } from './utils/sessionUtils.js';
+import { SessionError, SessionSelector } from './utils/sessionUtils.js';
 import { SettingsContext } from './ui/contexts/SettingsContext.js';
 import { MouseProvider } from './ui/contexts/MouseContext.js';
 import { StreamingState } from './ui/types.js';
@@ -706,12 +706,24 @@ export async function main() {
         // Use the existing session ID to continue recording to the same session
         config.setSessionId(resumedSessionData.conversation.sessionId);
       } catch (error) {
-        coreEvents.emitFeedback(
-          'error',
-          `Error resuming session: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`,
-        );
-        await runExitCleanup();
-        process.exit(ExitCodes.FATAL_INPUT_ERROR);
+        if (
+          error instanceof SessionError &&
+          error.code === 'NO_SESSIONS_FOUND'
+        ) {
+          // No sessions to resume — start a fresh session with a warning
+          startupWarnings.push({
+            id: 'resume-no-sessions',
+            message: error.message,
+            priority: WarningPriority.High,
+          });
+        } else {
+          coreEvents.emitFeedback(
+            'error',
+            `Error resuming session: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`,
+          );
+          await runExitCleanup();
+          process.exit(ExitCodes.FATAL_INPUT_ERROR);
+        }
       }
     }
 

packages/cli/src/services/CommandService.test.ts

@@ -17,21 +17,9 @@ const createMockCommand = (name: string, kind: CommandKind): SlashCommand => ({
   action: vi.fn(),
 });
 
-const mockCommandA = createMockCommand('command-a', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-const mockCommandB = createMockCommand('command-b', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-const mockCommandC = createMockCommand('command-c', CommandKind.FILE);
-const mockCommandB_Override = createMockCommand('command-b', CommandKind.FILE);
-
 class MockCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
-  private commandsToLoad: SlashCommand[];
-
-  constructor(commandsToLoad: SlashCommand[]) {
-    this.commandsToLoad = commandsToLoad;
-  }
-
-  loadCommands = vi.fn(
-    async (): Promise<SlashCommand[]> => Promise.resolve(this.commandsToLoad),
-  );
+  constructor(private readonly commands: SlashCommand[]) {}
+  loadCommands = vi.fn(async () => Promise.resolve(this.commands));
 }
 
 describe('CommandService', () => {
@@ -43,424 +31,74 @@ describe('CommandService', () => {
     vi.restoreAllMocks();
   });
 
-  it('should load commands from a single loader', async () => {
-    const mockLoader = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA, mockCommandB]);
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
+  describe('basic loading', () => {
+    it('should aggregate commands from multiple successful loaders', async () => {
+      const cmdA = createMockCommand('a', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const cmdB = createMockCommand('b', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+      const service = await CommandService.create(
+        [new MockCommandLoader([cmdA]), new MockCommandLoader([cmdB])],
+        new AbortController().signal,
+      );
 
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
+      expect(service.getCommands()).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(service.getCommands()).toEqual(
+        expect.arrayContaining([cmdA, cmdB]),
+      );
+    });
 
-    expect(mockLoader.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(2);
-    expect(commands).toEqual(
-      expect.arrayContaining([mockCommandA, mockCommandB]),
-    );
-  });
+    it('should handle empty loaders and failed loaders gracefully', async () => {
+      const cmdA = createMockCommand('a', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const failingLoader = new MockCommandLoader([]);
+      vi.spyOn(failingLoader, 'loadCommands').mockRejectedValue(
+        new Error('fail'),
+      );
 
-  it('should aggregate commands from multiple loaders', async () => {
-    const loader1 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA]);
-    const loader2 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandC]);
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [loader1, loader2],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
+      const service = await CommandService.create(
+        [
+          new MockCommandLoader([cmdA]),
+          new MockCommandLoader([]),
+          failingLoader,
+        ],
+        new AbortController().signal,
+      );
 
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
+      expect(service.getCommands()).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(service.getCommands()[0].name).toBe('a');
+      expect(debugLogger.debug).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'A command loader failed:',
+        expect.any(Error),
+      );
+    });
 
-    expect(loader1.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(loader2.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(2);
-    expect(commands).toEqual(
-      expect.arrayContaining([mockCommandA, mockCommandC]),
-    );
-  });
+    it('should return a readonly array of commands', async () => {
+      const service = await CommandService.create(
+        [new MockCommandLoader([createMockCommand('a', CommandKind.BUILT_IN)])],
+        new AbortController().signal,
+      );
+      expect(() => (service.getCommands() as unknown[]).push({})).toThrow();
+    });
 
-  it('should override commands from earlier loaders with those from later loaders', async () => {
-    const loader1 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA, mockCommandB]);
-    const loader2 = new MockCommandLoader([
-      mockCommandB_Override,
-      mockCommandC,
-    ]);
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [loader1, loader2],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(3); // Should be A, C, and the overridden B.
-
-    // The final list should contain the override from the *last* loader.
-    const commandB = commands.find((cmd) => cmd.name === 'command-b');
-    expect(commandB).toBeDefined();
-    expect(commandB?.kind).toBe(CommandKind.FILE); // Verify it's the overridden version.
-    expect(commandB).toEqual(mockCommandB_Override);
-
-    // Ensure the other commands are still present.
-    expect(commands).toEqual(
-      expect.arrayContaining([
-        mockCommandA,
-        mockCommandC,
-        mockCommandB_Override,
-      ]),
-    );
-  });
-
-  it('should handle loaders that return an empty array of commands gracefully', async () => {
-    const loader1 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA]);
-    const emptyLoader = new MockCommandLoader([]);
-    const loader3 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandB]);
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [loader1, emptyLoader, loader3],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-
-    expect(emptyLoader.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(2);
-    expect(commands).toEqual(
-      expect.arrayContaining([mockCommandA, mockCommandB]),
-    );
-  });
-
-  it('should load commands from successful loaders even if one fails', async () => {
-    const successfulLoader = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA]);
-    const failingLoader = new MockCommandLoader([]);
-    const error = new Error('Loader failed');
-    vi.spyOn(failingLoader, 'loadCommands').mockRejectedValue(error);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [successfulLoader, failingLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(1);
-    expect(commands).toEqual([mockCommandA]);
-    expect(debugLogger.debug).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      'A command loader failed:',
-      error,
-    );
-  });
-
-  it('getCommands should return a readonly array that cannot be mutated', async () => {
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA])],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-
-    // Expect it to throw a TypeError at runtime because the array is frozen.
-    expect(() => {
-      // @ts-expect-error - Testing immutability is intentional here.
-      commands.push(mockCommandB);
-    }).toThrow();
-
-    // Verify the original array was not mutated.
-    expect(service.getCommands()).toHaveLength(1);
-  });
-
-  it('should pass the abort signal to all loaders', async () => {
-    const controller = new AbortController();
-    const signal = controller.signal;
-
-    const loader1 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandA]);
-    const loader2 = new MockCommandLoader([mockCommandB]);
-
-    await CommandService.create([loader1, loader2], signal);
-
-    expect(loader1.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(loader1.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledWith(signal);
-    expect(loader2.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(loader2.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledWith(signal);
-  });
-
-  it('should rename extension commands when they conflict', async () => {
-    const builtinCommand = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-    const userCommand = createMockCommand('sync', CommandKind.FILE);
-    const extensionCommand1 = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'firebase',
-      description: '[firebase] Deploy to Firebase',
-    };
-    const extensionCommand2 = {
-      ...createMockCommand('sync', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'git-helper',
-      description: '[git-helper] Sync with remote',
-    };
-
-    const mockLoader1 = new MockCommandLoader([builtinCommand]);
-    const mockLoader2 = new MockCommandLoader([
-      userCommand,
-      extensionCommand1,
-      extensionCommand2,
-    ]);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader1, mockLoader2],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(4);
-
-    // Built-in command keeps original name
-    const deployBuiltin = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'deploy' && !cmd.extensionName,
-    );
-    expect(deployBuiltin).toBeDefined();
-    expect(deployBuiltin?.kind).toBe(CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-
-    // Extension command conflicting with built-in gets renamed
-    const deployExtension = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'firebase.deploy',
-    );
-    expect(deployExtension).toBeDefined();
-    expect(deployExtension?.extensionName).toBe('firebase');
-
-    // User command keeps original name
-    const syncUser = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'sync' && !cmd.extensionName,
-    );
-    expect(syncUser).toBeDefined();
-    expect(syncUser?.kind).toBe(CommandKind.FILE);
-
-    // Extension command conflicting with user command gets renamed
-    const syncExtension = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'git-helper.sync',
-    );
-    expect(syncExtension).toBeDefined();
-    expect(syncExtension?.extensionName).toBe('git-helper');
-  });
-
-  it('should handle user/project command override correctly', async () => {
-    const builtinCommand = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-    const userCommand = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.FILE);
-    const projectCommand = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE);
-    const userDeployCommand = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE);
-
-    const mockLoader1 = new MockCommandLoader([builtinCommand]);
-    const mockLoader2 = new MockCommandLoader([
-      userCommand,
-      userDeployCommand,
-      projectCommand,
-    ]);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader1, mockLoader2],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(2);
-
-    // User command overrides built-in
-    const helpCommand = commands.find((cmd) => cmd.name === 'help');
-    expect(helpCommand).toBeDefined();
-    expect(helpCommand?.kind).toBe(CommandKind.FILE);
-
-    // Project command overrides user command (last wins)
-    const deployCommand = commands.find((cmd) => cmd.name === 'deploy');
-    expect(deployCommand).toBeDefined();
-    expect(deployCommand?.kind).toBe(CommandKind.FILE);
-  });
-
-  it('should handle secondary conflicts when renaming extension commands', async () => {
-    // User has both /deploy and /gcp.deploy commands
-    const userCommand1 = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE);
-    const userCommand2 = createMockCommand('gcp.deploy', CommandKind.FILE);
-
-    // Extension also has a deploy command that will conflict with user's /deploy
-    const extensionCommand = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'gcp',
-      description: '[gcp] Deploy to Google Cloud',
-    };
-
-    const mockLoader = new MockCommandLoader([
-      userCommand1,
-      userCommand2,
-      extensionCommand,
-    ]);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(3);
-
-    // Original user command keeps its name
-    const deployUser = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'deploy' && !cmd.extensionName,
-    );
-    expect(deployUser).toBeDefined();
-
-    // User's dot notation command keeps its name
-    const gcpDeployUser = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'gcp.deploy' && !cmd.extensionName,
-    );
-    expect(gcpDeployUser).toBeDefined();
-
-    // Extension command gets renamed with suffix due to secondary conflict
-    const deployExtension = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'gcp.deploy1' && cmd.extensionName === 'gcp',
-    );
-    expect(deployExtension).toBeDefined();
-    expect(deployExtension?.description).toBe('[gcp] Deploy to Google Cloud');
-  });
-
-  it('should handle multiple secondary conflicts with incrementing suffixes', async () => {
-    // User has /deploy, /gcp.deploy, and /gcp.deploy1
-    const userCommand1 = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE);
-    const userCommand2 = createMockCommand('gcp.deploy', CommandKind.FILE);
-    const userCommand3 = createMockCommand('gcp.deploy1', CommandKind.FILE);
-
-    // Extension has a deploy command
-    const extensionCommand = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'gcp',
-      description: '[gcp] Deploy to Google Cloud',
-    };
-
-    const mockLoader = new MockCommandLoader([
-      userCommand1,
-      userCommand2,
-      userCommand3,
-      extensionCommand,
-    ]);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const commands = service.getCommands();
-    expect(commands).toHaveLength(4);
-
-    // Extension command gets renamed with suffix 2 due to multiple conflicts
-    const deployExtension = commands.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'gcp.deploy2' && cmd.extensionName === 'gcp',
-    );
-    expect(deployExtension).toBeDefined();
-    expect(deployExtension?.description).toBe('[gcp] Deploy to Google Cloud');
-  });
-
-  it('should report conflicts via getConflicts', async () => {
-    const builtinCommand = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-    const extensionCommand = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'firebase',
-    };
-
-    const mockLoader = new MockCommandLoader([
-      builtinCommand,
-      extensionCommand,
-    ]);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const conflicts = service.getConflicts();
-    expect(conflicts).toHaveLength(1);
-
-    expect(conflicts[0]).toMatchObject({
-      name: 'deploy',
-      winner: builtinCommand,
-      losers: [
-        {
-          renamedTo: 'firebase.deploy',
-          command: expect.objectContaining({
-            name: 'deploy',
-            extensionName: 'firebase',
-          }),
-        },
-      ],
+    it('should pass the abort signal to all loaders', async () => {
+      const controller = new AbortController();
+      const loader = new MockCommandLoader([]);
+      await CommandService.create([loader], controller.signal);
+      expect(loader.loadCommands).toHaveBeenCalledWith(controller.signal);
     });
   });
 
-  it('should report extension vs extension conflicts correctly', async () => {
-    // Both extensions try to register 'deploy'
-    const extension1Command = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'firebase',
-    };
-    const extension2Command = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'aws',
-    };
+  describe('conflict delegation', () => {
+    it('should delegate conflict resolution to SlashCommandResolver', async () => {
+      const builtin = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const user = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
 
-    const mockLoader = new MockCommandLoader([
-      extension1Command,
-      extension2Command,
-    ]);
+      const service = await CommandService.create(
+        [new MockCommandLoader([builtin, user])],
+        new AbortController().signal,
+      );
 
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const conflicts = service.getConflicts();
-    expect(conflicts).toHaveLength(1);
-
-    expect(conflicts[0]).toMatchObject({
-      name: 'deploy',
-      winner: expect.objectContaining({
-        name: 'deploy',
-        extensionName: 'firebase',
-      }),
-      losers: [
-        {
-          renamedTo: 'aws.deploy', // ext2 is 'aws' and it lost because it was second in the list
-          command: expect.objectContaining({
-            name: 'deploy',
-            extensionName: 'aws',
-          }),
-        },
-      ],
+      expect(service.getCommands().map((c) => c.name)).toContain('help');
+      expect(service.getCommands().map((c) => c.name)).toContain('user.help');
+      expect(service.getConflicts()).toHaveLength(1);
     });
   });
-
-  it('should report multiple conflicts for the same command name', async () => {
-    const builtinCommand = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
-    const ext1 = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'ext1',
-    };
-    const ext2 = {
-      ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.FILE),
-      extensionName: 'ext2',
-    };
-
-    const mockLoader = new MockCommandLoader([builtinCommand, ext1, ext2]);
-
-    const service = await CommandService.create(
-      [mockLoader],
-      new AbortController().signal,
-    );
-
-    const conflicts = service.getConflicts();
-    expect(conflicts).toHaveLength(1);
-    expect(conflicts[0].name).toBe('deploy');
-    expect(conflicts[0].losers).toHaveLength(2);
-    expect(conflicts[0].losers).toEqual(
-      expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          renamedTo: 'ext1.deploy',
-          command: expect.objectContaining({ extensionName: 'ext1' }),
-        }),
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          renamedTo: 'ext2.deploy',
-          command: expect.objectContaining({ extensionName: 'ext2' }),
-        }),
-      ]),
-    );
-  });
 });

packages/cli/src/services/CommandService.ts

@@ -6,16 +6,8 @@
 
 import { debugLogger, coreEvents } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import type { SlashCommand } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
-import type { ICommandLoader } from './types.js';
-
-export interface CommandConflict {
-  name: string;
-  winner: SlashCommand;
-  losers: Array<{
-    command: SlashCommand;
-    renamedTo: string;
-  }>;
-}
+import type { ICommandLoader, CommandConflict } from './types.js';
+import { SlashCommandResolver } from './SlashCommandResolver.js';
 
 /**
  * Orchestrates the discovery and loading of all slash commands for the CLI.
@@ -24,9 +16,9 @@ export interface CommandConflict {
  * with an array of `ICommandLoader` instances, each responsible for fetching
  * commands from a specific source (e.g., built-in code, local files).
  *
- * The CommandService is responsible for invoking these loaders, aggregating their
- * results, and resolving any name conflicts. This architecture allows the command
- * system to be extended with new sources without modifying the service itself.
+ * It uses a delegating resolver to reconcile name conflicts, ensuring that
+ * all commands are uniquely addressable via source-specific prefixes while
+ * allowing built-in commands to retain their primary names.
  */
 export class CommandService {
   /**
@@ -42,96 +34,71 @@ export class CommandService {
   /**
    * Asynchronously creates and initializes a new CommandService instance.
    *
-   * This factory method orchestrates the entire command loading process. It
-   * runs all provided loaders in parallel, aggregates their results, handles
-   * name conflicts for extension commands by renaming them, and then returns a
-   * fully constructed `CommandService` instance.
+   * This factory method orchestrates the loading process and delegates
+   * conflict resolution to the SlashCommandResolver.
    *
-   * Conflict resolution:
-   * - Extension commands that conflict with existing commands are renamed to
-   *   `extensionName.commandName`
-   * - Non-extension commands (built-in, user, project) override earlier commands
-   *   with the same name based on loader order
-   *
-   * @param loaders An array of objects that conform to the `ICommandLoader`
-   *   interface. Built-in commands should come first, followed by FileCommandLoader.
-   * @param signal An AbortSignal to cancel the loading process.
-   * @returns A promise that resolves to a new, fully initialized `CommandService` instance.
+   * @param loaders An array of loaders to fetch commands from.
+   * @param signal An AbortSignal to allow cancellation.
+   * @returns A promise that resolves to a fully initialized CommandService.
    */
   static async create(
     loaders: ICommandLoader[],
     signal: AbortSignal,
   ): Promise<CommandService> {
+    const allCommands = await this.loadAllCommands(loaders, signal);
+    const { finalCommands, conflicts } =
+      SlashCommandResolver.resolve(allCommands);
+
+    if (conflicts.length > 0) {
+      this.emitConflictEvents(conflicts);
+    }
+
+    return new CommandService(
+      Object.freeze(finalCommands),
+      Object.freeze(conflicts),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invokes all loaders in parallel and flattens the results.
+   */
+  private static async loadAllCommands(
+    loaders: ICommandLoader[],
+    signal: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<SlashCommand[]> {
     const results = await Promise.allSettled(
       loaders.map((loader) => loader.loadCommands(signal)),
     );
 
-    const allCommands: SlashCommand[] = [];
+    const commands: SlashCommand[] = [];
     for (const result of results) {
       if (result.status === 'fulfilled') {
-        allCommands.push(...result.value);
+        commands.push(...result.value);
       } else {
         debugLogger.debug('A command loader failed:', result.reason);
       }
     }
+    return commands;
+  }
 
-    const commandMap = new Map<string, SlashCommand>();
-    const conflictsMap = new Map<string, CommandConflict>();
-
-    for (const cmd of allCommands) {
-      let finalName = cmd.name;
-
-      // Extension commands get renamed if they conflict with existing commands
-      if (cmd.extensionName && commandMap.has(cmd.name)) {
-        const winner = commandMap.get(cmd.name)!;
-        let renamedName = `${cmd.extensionName}.${cmd.name}`;
-        let suffix = 1;
-
-        // Keep trying until we find a name that doesn't conflict
-        while (commandMap.has(renamedName)) {
-          renamedName = `${cmd.extensionName}.${cmd.name}${suffix}`;
-          suffix++;
-        }
-
-        finalName = renamedName;
-
-        if (!conflictsMap.has(cmd.name)) {
-          conflictsMap.set(cmd.name, {
-            name: cmd.name,
-            winner,
-            losers: [],
-          });
-        }
-
-        conflictsMap.get(cmd.name)!.losers.push({
-          command: cmd,
-          renamedTo: finalName,
-        });
-      }
-
-      commandMap.set(finalName, {
-        ...cmd,
-        name: finalName,
-      });
-    }
-
-    const conflicts = Array.from(conflictsMap.values());
-    if (conflicts.length > 0) {
-      coreEvents.emitSlashCommandConflicts(
-        conflicts.flatMap((c) =>
-          c.losers.map((l) => ({
-            name: c.name,
-            renamedTo: l.renamedTo,
-            loserExtensionName: l.command.extensionName,
-            winnerExtensionName: c.winner.extensionName,
-          })),
-        ),
-      );
-    }
-
-    const finalCommands = Object.freeze(Array.from(commandMap.values()));
-    const finalConflicts = Object.freeze(conflicts);
-    return new CommandService(finalCommands, finalConflicts);
+  /**
+   * Formats and emits telemetry for command conflicts.
+   */
+  private static emitConflictEvents(conflicts: CommandConflict[]): void {
+    coreEvents.emitSlashCommandConflicts(
+      conflicts.flatMap((c) =>
+        c.losers.map((l) => ({
+          name: c.name,
+          renamedTo: l.renamedTo,
+          loserExtensionName: l.command.extensionName,
+          winnerExtensionName: l.reason.extensionName,
+          loserMcpServerName: l.command.mcpServerName,
+          winnerMcpServerName: l.reason.mcpServerName,
+          loserKind: l.command.kind,
+          winnerKind: l.reason.kind,
+        })),
+      ),
+    );
   }
 
   /**

packages/cli/src/services/FileCommandLoader.ts

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import { sanitizeForDisplay } from '../ui/utils/textUtils.js';
 
 interface CommandDirectory {
   path: string;
+  kind: CommandKind;
   extensionName?: string;
   extensionId?: string;
 }
@@ -111,6 +112,7 @@ export class FileCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
           this.parseAndAdaptFile(
             path.join(dirInfo.path, file),
             dirInfo.path,
+            dirInfo.kind,
             dirInfo.extensionName,
             dirInfo.extensionId,
           ),
@@ -151,10 +153,16 @@ export class FileCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
     const storage = this.config?.storage ?? new Storage(this.projectRoot);
 
     // 1. User commands
-    dirs.push({ path: Storage.getUserCommandsDir() });
+    dirs.push({
+      path: Storage.getUserCommandsDir(),
+      kind: CommandKind.USER_FILE,
+    });
 
-    // 2. Project commands (override user commands)
-    dirs.push({ path: storage.getProjectCommandsDir() });
+    // 2. Project commands
+    dirs.push({
+      path: storage.getProjectCommandsDir(),
+      kind: CommandKind.WORKSPACE_FILE,
+    });
 
     // 3. Extension commands (processed last to detect all conflicts)
     if (this.config) {
@@ -165,6 +173,7 @@ export class FileCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
 
       const extensionCommandDirs = activeExtensions.map((ext) => ({
         path: path.join(ext.path, 'commands'),
+        kind: CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE,
         extensionName: ext.name,
         extensionId: ext.id,
       }));
@@ -179,12 +188,14 @@ export class FileCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
    * Parses a single .toml file and transforms it into a SlashCommand object.
    * @param filePath The absolute path to the .toml file.
    * @param baseDir The root command directory for name calculation.
+   * @param kind The CommandKind.
    * @param extensionName Optional extension name to prefix commands with.
    * @returns A promise resolving to a SlashCommand, or null if the file is invalid.
    */
   private async parseAndAdaptFile(
     filePath: string,
     baseDir: string,
+    kind: CommandKind,
     extensionName?: string,
     extensionId?: string,
   ): Promise<SlashCommand | null> {
@@ -286,7 +297,7 @@ export class FileCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
     return {
       name: baseCommandName,
       description,
-      kind: CommandKind.FILE,
+      kind,
       extensionName,
       extensionId,
       action: async (

packages/cli/src/services/McpPromptLoader.ts

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ export class McpPromptLoader implements ICommandLoader {
           name: commandName,
           description: prompt.description || `Invoke prompt ${prompt.name}`,
           kind: CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT,
+          mcpServerName: serverName,
           autoExecute: !prompt.arguments || prompt.arguments.length === 0,
           subCommands: [
             {

packages/cli/src/services/SlashCommandConflictHandler.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { SlashCommandConflictHandler } from './SlashCommandConflictHandler.js';
+import {
+  coreEvents,
+  CoreEvent,
+  type SlashCommandConflictsPayload,
+  type SlashCommandConflict,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { CommandKind } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
+
+vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const actual =
+    await importOriginal<typeof import('@google/gemini-cli-core')>();
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    coreEvents: {
+      on: vi.fn(),
+      off: vi.fn(),
+      emitFeedback: vi.fn(),
+    },
+  };
+});
+
+describe('SlashCommandConflictHandler', () => {
+  let handler: SlashCommandConflictHandler;
+
+  /**
+   * Helper to find and invoke the registered conflict event listener.
+   */
+  const simulateEvent = (conflicts: SlashCommandConflict[]) => {
+    const callback = vi
+      .mocked(coreEvents.on)
+      .mock.calls.find(
+        (call) => call[0] === CoreEvent.SlashCommandConflicts,
+      )![1] as (payload: SlashCommandConflictsPayload) => void;
+    callback({ conflicts });
+  };
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    handler = new SlashCommandConflictHandler();
+    handler.start();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    handler.stop();
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  });
+
+  it('should listen for conflict events on start', () => {
+    expect(coreEvents.on).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      CoreEvent.SlashCommandConflicts,
+      expect.any(Function),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('should display a descriptive message for a single extension conflict', () => {
+    simulateEvent([
+      {
+        name: 'deploy',
+        renamedTo: 'firebase.deploy',
+        loserExtensionName: 'firebase',
+        loserKind: CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE,
+        winnerKind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(600);
+
+    expect(coreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'info',
+      "Extension 'firebase' command '/deploy' was renamed to '/firebase.deploy' because it conflicts with built-in command.",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('should display a descriptive message for a single MCP conflict', () => {
+    simulateEvent([
+      {
+        name: 'pickle',
+        renamedTo: 'test-server.pickle',
+        loserMcpServerName: 'test-server',
+        loserKind: CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT,
+        winnerExtensionName: 'pickle-rick',
+        winnerKind: CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE,
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(600);
+
+    expect(coreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'info',
+      "MCP server 'test-server' command '/pickle' was renamed to '/test-server.pickle' because it conflicts with extension 'pickle-rick' command.",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('should group multiple conflicts for the same command name', () => {
+    simulateEvent([
+      {
+        name: 'launch',
+        renamedTo: 'user.launch',
+        loserKind: CommandKind.USER_FILE,
+        winnerKind: CommandKind.WORKSPACE_FILE,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'launch',
+        renamedTo: 'workspace.launch',
+        loserKind: CommandKind.WORKSPACE_FILE,
+        winnerKind: CommandKind.USER_FILE,
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(600);
+
+    expect(coreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'info',
+      `Conflicts detected for command '/launch':
+- User command '/launch' was renamed to '/user.launch'
+- Workspace command '/launch' was renamed to '/workspace.launch'`,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('should debounce multiple events within the flush window', () => {
+    simulateEvent([
+      {
+        name: 'a',
+        renamedTo: 'user.a',
+        loserKind: CommandKind.USER_FILE,
+        winnerKind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(200);
+
+    simulateEvent([
+      {
+        name: 'b',
+        renamedTo: 'user.b',
+        loserKind: CommandKind.USER_FILE,
+        winnerKind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(600);
+
+    // Should emit two feedbacks (one for each unique command name)
+    expect(coreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+  });
+
+  it('should deduplicate already notified conflicts', () => {
+    const conflict = {
+      name: 'deploy',
+      renamedTo: 'firebase.deploy',
+      loserExtensionName: 'firebase',
+      loserKind: CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE,
+      winnerKind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
+    };
+
+    simulateEvent([conflict]);
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(600);
+    expect(coreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    vi.mocked(coreEvents.emitFeedback).mockClear();
+
+    simulateEvent([conflict]);
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(600);
+    expect(coreEvents.emitFeedback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/services/SlashCommandConflictHandler.ts

@@ -8,10 +8,20 @@ import {
   coreEvents,
   CoreEvent,
   type SlashCommandConflictsPayload,
+  type SlashCommandConflict,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { CommandKind } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
 
+/**
+ * Handles slash command conflict events and provides user feedback.
+ *
+ * This handler batches multiple conflict events into a single notification
+ * block per command name to avoid UI clutter during startup or incremental loading.
+ */
 export class SlashCommandConflictHandler {
   private notifiedConflicts = new Set<string>();
+  private pendingConflicts: SlashCommandConflict[] = [];
+  private flushTimeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
 
   constructor() {
     this.handleConflicts = this.handleConflicts.bind(this);
@@ -23,11 +33,18 @@ export class SlashCommandConflictHandler {
 
   stop() {
     coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.SlashCommandConflicts, this.handleConflicts);
+    if (this.flushTimeout) {
+      clearTimeout(this.flushTimeout);
+      this.flushTimeout = null;
+    }
   }
 
   private handleConflicts(payload: SlashCommandConflictsPayload) {
     const newConflicts = payload.conflicts.filter((c) => {
-      const key = `${c.name}:${c.loserExtensionName}`;
+      // Use a unique key to prevent duplicate notifications for the same conflict
+      const sourceId =
+        c.loserExtensionName || c.loserMcpServerName || c.loserKind;
+      const key = `${c.name}:${sourceId}:${c.renamedTo}`;
       if (this.notifiedConflicts.has(key)) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -36,19 +53,119 @@ export class SlashCommandConflictHandler {
     });
 
     if (newConflicts.length > 0) {
-      const conflictMessages = newConflicts
-        .map((c) => {
-          const winnerSource = c.winnerExtensionName
-            ? `extension '${c.winnerExtensionName}'`
-            : 'an existing command';
-          return `- Command '/${c.name}' from extension '${c.loserExtensionName}' was renamed to '/${c.renamedTo}' because it conflicts with ${winnerSource}.`;
-        })
-        .join('\n');
+      this.pendingConflicts.push(...newConflicts);
+      this.scheduleFlush();
+    }
+  }
 
-      coreEvents.emitFeedback(
-        'info',
-        `Command conflicts detected:\n${conflictMessages}`,
-      );
+  private scheduleFlush() {
+    if (this.flushTimeout) {
+      clearTimeout(this.flushTimeout);
+    }
+    // Use a trailing debounce to capture staggered reloads during startup
+    this.flushTimeout = setTimeout(() => this.flush(), 500);
+  }
+
+  private flush() {
+    this.flushTimeout = null;
+    const conflicts = [...this.pendingConflicts];
+    this.pendingConflicts = [];
+
+    if (conflicts.length === 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Group conflicts by their original command name
+    const grouped = new Map<string, SlashCommandConflict[]>();
+    for (const c of conflicts) {
+      const list = grouped.get(c.name) ?? [];
+      list.push(c);
+      grouped.set(c.name, list);
+    }
+
+    for (const [name, commandConflicts] of grouped) {
+      if (commandConflicts.length > 1) {
+        this.emitGroupedFeedback(name, commandConflicts);
+      } else {
+        this.emitSingleFeedback(commandConflicts[0]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Emits a grouped notification for multiple conflicts sharing the same name.
+   */
+  private emitGroupedFeedback(
+    name: string,
+    conflicts: SlashCommandConflict[],
+  ): void {
+    const messages = conflicts
+      .map((c) => {
+        const source = this.getSourceDescription(
+          c.loserExtensionName,
+          c.loserKind,
+          c.loserMcpServerName,
+        );
+        return `- ${this.capitalize(source)} '/${c.name}' was renamed to '/${c.renamedTo}'`;
+      })
+      .join('\n');
+
+    coreEvents.emitFeedback(
+      'info',
+      `Conflicts detected for command '/${name}':\n${messages}`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Emits a descriptive notification for a single command conflict.
+   */
+  private emitSingleFeedback(c: SlashCommandConflict): void {
+    const loserSource = this.getSourceDescription(
+      c.loserExtensionName,
+      c.loserKind,
+      c.loserMcpServerName,
+    );
+    const winnerSource = this.getSourceDescription(
+      c.winnerExtensionName,
+      c.winnerKind,
+      c.winnerMcpServerName,
+    );
+
+    coreEvents.emitFeedback(
+      'info',
+      `${this.capitalize(loserSource)} '/${c.name}' was renamed to '/${c.renamedTo}' because it conflicts with ${winnerSource}.`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  private capitalize(s: string): string {
+    return s.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + s.slice(1);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a human-readable description of a command's source.
+   */
+  private getSourceDescription(
+    extensionName?: string,
+    kind?: string,
+    mcpServerName?: string,
+  ): string {
+    switch (kind) {
+      case CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE:
+        return extensionName
+          ? `extension '${extensionName}' command`
+          : 'extension command';
+      case CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT:
+        return mcpServerName
+          ? `MCP server '${mcpServerName}' command`
+          : 'MCP server command';
+      case CommandKind.USER_FILE:
+        return 'user command';
+      case CommandKind.WORKSPACE_FILE:
+        return 'workspace command';
+      case CommandKind.BUILT_IN:
+        return 'built-in command';
+      default:
+        return 'existing command';
     }
   }
 }

packages/cli/src/services/SlashCommandResolver.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { SlashCommandResolver } from './SlashCommandResolver.js';
+import { CommandKind, type SlashCommand } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
+
+const createMockCommand = (name: string, kind: CommandKind): SlashCommand => ({
+  name,
+  description: `Description for ${name}`,
+  kind,
+  action: vi.fn(),
+});
+
+describe('SlashCommandResolver', () => {
+  describe('resolve', () => {
+    it('should return all commands when there are no conflicts', () => {
+      const cmdA = createMockCommand('a', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const cmdB = createMockCommand('b', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+
+      const { finalCommands, conflicts } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([
+        cmdA,
+        cmdB,
+      ]);
+
+      expect(finalCommands).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(conflicts).toHaveLength(0);
+    });
+
+    it('should rename extension commands when they conflict with built-in', () => {
+      const builtin = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const extension = {
+        ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE),
+        extensionName: 'firebase',
+      };
+
+      const { finalCommands, conflicts } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([
+        builtin,
+        extension,
+      ]);
+
+      expect(finalCommands.map((c) => c.name)).toContain('deploy');
+      expect(finalCommands.map((c) => c.name)).toContain('firebase.deploy');
+      expect(conflicts).toHaveLength(1);
+    });
+
+    it('should prefix both user and workspace commands when they conflict', () => {
+      const userCmd = createMockCommand('sync', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+      const workspaceCmd = createMockCommand(
+        'sync',
+        CommandKind.WORKSPACE_FILE,
+      );
+
+      const { finalCommands, conflicts } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([
+        userCmd,
+        workspaceCmd,
+      ]);
+
+      const names = finalCommands.map((c) => c.name);
+      expect(names).not.toContain('sync');
+      expect(names).toContain('user.sync');
+      expect(names).toContain('workspace.sync');
+      expect(conflicts).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(conflicts[0].losers).toHaveLength(2); // Both are considered losers
+    });
+
+    it('should prefix file commands but keep built-in names during conflicts', () => {
+      const builtin = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const user = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([builtin, user]);
+
+      const names = finalCommands.map((c) => c.name);
+      expect(names).toContain('help');
+      expect(names).toContain('user.help');
+    });
+
+    it('should prefix both commands when MCP and user file conflict', () => {
+      const mcp = {
+        ...createMockCommand('test', CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT),
+        mcpServerName: 'test-server',
+      };
+      const user = createMockCommand('test', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([mcp, user]);
+
+      const names = finalCommands.map((c) => c.name);
+      expect(names).not.toContain('test');
+      expect(names).toContain('test-server.test');
+      expect(names).toContain('user.test');
+    });
+
+    it('should prefix MCP commands with server name when they conflict with built-in', () => {
+      const builtin = createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const mcp = {
+        ...createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT),
+        mcpServerName: 'test-server',
+      };
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([builtin, mcp]);
+
+      const names = finalCommands.map((c) => c.name);
+      expect(names).toContain('help');
+      expect(names).toContain('test-server.help');
+    });
+
+    it('should prefix both MCP commands when they conflict with each other', () => {
+      const mcp1 = {
+        ...createMockCommand('test', CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT),
+        mcpServerName: 'server1',
+      };
+      const mcp2 = {
+        ...createMockCommand('test', CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT),
+        mcpServerName: 'server2',
+      };
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([mcp1, mcp2]);
+
+      const names = finalCommands.map((c) => c.name);
+      expect(names).not.toContain('test');
+      expect(names).toContain('server1.test');
+      expect(names).toContain('server2.test');
+    });
+
+    it('should favor the last built-in command silently during conflicts', () => {
+      const builtin1 = {
+        ...createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.BUILT_IN),
+        description: 'first',
+      };
+      const builtin2 = {
+        ...createMockCommand('help', CommandKind.BUILT_IN),
+        description: 'second',
+      };
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([
+        builtin1,
+        builtin2,
+      ]);
+
+      expect(finalCommands).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(finalCommands[0].description).toBe('second');
+    });
+
+    it('should fallback to numeric suffixes when both prefix and kind-based prefix are missing', () => {
+      const cmd1 = createMockCommand('test', CommandKind.BUILT_IN);
+      const cmd2 = {
+        ...createMockCommand('test', 'unknown' as CommandKind),
+      };
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([cmd1, cmd2]);
+
+      const names = finalCommands.map((c) => c.name);
+      expect(names).toContain('test');
+      expect(names).toContain('test1');
+    });
+
+    it('should apply numeric suffixes when renames also conflict', () => {
+      const user1 = createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+      const user2 = createMockCommand('gcp.deploy', CommandKind.USER_FILE);
+      const extension = {
+        ...createMockCommand('deploy', CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE),
+        extensionName: 'gcp',
+      };
+
+      const { finalCommands } = SlashCommandResolver.resolve([
+        user1,
+        user2,
+        extension,
+      ]);
+
+      expect(finalCommands.find((c) => c.name === 'gcp.deploy1')).toBeDefined();
+    });
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/services/SlashCommandResolver.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import type { SlashCommand } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
+import { CommandKind } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
+import type { CommandConflict } from './types.js';
+
+/**
+ * Internal registry to track commands and conflicts during resolution.
+ */
+class CommandRegistry {
+  readonly commandMap = new Map<string, SlashCommand>();
+  readonly conflictsMap = new Map<string, CommandConflict>();
+  readonly firstEncounters = new Map<string, SlashCommand>();
+
+  get finalCommands(): SlashCommand[] {
+    return Array.from(this.commandMap.values());
+  }
+
+  get conflicts(): CommandConflict[] {
+    return Array.from(this.conflictsMap.values());
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves name conflicts among slash commands.
+ *
+ * Rules:
+ * 1. Built-in commands always keep the original name.
+ * 2. All other types are prefixed with their source name (e.g. user.name).
+ * 3. If multiple non-built-in commands conflict, all of them are renamed.
+ */
+export class SlashCommandResolver {
+  /**
+   * Orchestrates conflict resolution by applying renaming rules to ensures
+   * every command has a unique name.
+   */
+  static resolve(allCommands: SlashCommand[]): {
+    finalCommands: SlashCommand[];
+    conflicts: CommandConflict[];
+  } {
+    const registry = new CommandRegistry();
+
+    for (const cmd of allCommands) {
+      const originalName = cmd.name;
+      let finalName = originalName;
+
+      if (registry.firstEncounters.has(originalName)) {
+        // We've already seen a command with this name, so resolve the conflict.
+        finalName = this.handleConflict(cmd, registry);
+      } else {
+        // Track the first claimant to report them as the conflict reason later.
+        registry.firstEncounters.set(originalName, cmd);
+      }
+
+      // Store under final name, ensuring the command object reflects it.
+      registry.commandMap.set(finalName, {
+        ...cmd,
+        name: finalName,
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      finalCommands: registry.finalCommands,
+      conflicts: registry.conflicts,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Resolves a name collision by deciding which command keeps the name and which is renamed.
+   *
+   * @param incoming The command currently being processed that has a name collision.
+   * @param registry The internal state of the resolution process.
+   * @returns The final name to be assigned to the `incoming` command.
+   */
+  private static handleConflict(
+    incoming: SlashCommand,
+    registry: CommandRegistry,
+  ): string {
+    const collidingName = incoming.name;
+    const originalClaimant = registry.firstEncounters.get(collidingName)!;
+
+    // Incoming built-in takes priority. Prefix any existing owner.
+    if (incoming.kind === CommandKind.BUILT_IN) {
+      this.prefixExistingCommand(collidingName, incoming, registry);
+      return collidingName;
+    }
+
+    // Incoming non-built-in is renamed to its source-prefixed version.
+    const renamedName = this.getRenamedName(
+      incoming.name,
+      this.getPrefix(incoming),
+      registry.commandMap,
+    );
+    this.trackConflict(
+      registry.conflictsMap,
+      collidingName,
+      originalClaimant,
+      incoming,
+      renamedName,
+    );
+
+    // Prefix current owner as well if it isn't a built-in.
+    this.prefixExistingCommand(collidingName, incoming, registry);
+
+    return renamedName;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Safely renames the command currently occupying a name in the registry.
+   *
+   * @param name The name of the command to prefix.
+   * @param reason The incoming command that is causing the prefixing.
+   * @param registry The internal state of the resolution process.
+   */
+  private static prefixExistingCommand(
+    name: string,
+    reason: SlashCommand,
+    registry: CommandRegistry,
+  ): void {
+    const currentOwner = registry.commandMap.get(name);
+
+    // Only non-built-in commands can be prefixed.
+    if (!currentOwner || currentOwner.kind === CommandKind.BUILT_IN) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Determine the new name for the owner using its source prefix.
+    const renamedName = this.getRenamedName(
+      currentOwner.name,
+      this.getPrefix(currentOwner),
+      registry.commandMap,
+    );
+
+    // Update the registry: remove the old name and add the owner under the new name.
+    registry.commandMap.delete(name);
+    const renamedOwner = { ...currentOwner, name: renamedName };
+    registry.commandMap.set(renamedName, renamedOwner);
+
+    // Record the conflict so the user can be notified of the prefixing.
+    this.trackConflict(
+      registry.conflictsMap,
+      name,
+      reason,
+      currentOwner,
+      renamedName,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a unique name using numeric suffixes if needed.
+   */
+  private static getRenamedName(
+    name: string,
+    prefix: string | undefined,
+    commandMap: Map<string, SlashCommand>,
+  ): string {
+    const base = prefix ? `${prefix}.${name}` : name;
+    let renamedName = base;
+    let suffix = 1;
+
+    while (commandMap.has(renamedName)) {
+      renamedName = `${base}${suffix}`;
+      suffix++;
+    }
+    return renamedName;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a suitable prefix for a conflicting command.
+   */
+  private static getPrefix(cmd: SlashCommand): string | undefined {
+    switch (cmd.kind) {
+      case CommandKind.EXTENSION_FILE:
+        return cmd.extensionName;
+      case CommandKind.MCP_PROMPT:
+        return cmd.mcpServerName;
+      case CommandKind.USER_FILE:
+        return 'user';
+      case CommandKind.WORKSPACE_FILE:
+        return 'workspace';
+      default:
+        return undefined;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Logs a conflict event.
+   */
+  private static trackConflict(
+    conflictsMap: Map<string, CommandConflict>,
+    originalName: string,
+    reason: SlashCommand,
+    displacedCommand: SlashCommand,
+    renamedTo: string,
+  ) {
+    if (!conflictsMap.has(originalName)) {
+      conflictsMap.set(originalName, {
+        name: originalName,
+        losers: [],
+      });
+    }
+
+    conflictsMap.get(originalName)!.losers.push({
+      command: displacedCommand,
+      renamedTo,
+      reason,
+    });
+  }
+}

packages/cli/src/services/types.ts

@@ -22,3 +22,12 @@ export interface ICommandLoader {
    */
   loadCommands(signal: AbortSignal): Promise<SlashCommand[]>;
 }
+
+export interface CommandConflict {
+  name: string;
+  losers: Array<{
+    command: SlashCommand;
+    renamedTo: string;
+    reason: SlashCommand;
+  }>;
+}

packages/cli/src/test-utils/mockDebugLogger.ts

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ export function mockCoreDebugLogger<T extends Record<string, unknown>>(
   return {
     ...actual,
     coreEvents: {
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
       ...(typeof actual['coreEvents'] === 'object' &&
       actual['coreEvents'] !== null
         ? actual['coreEvents']

packages/cli/src/test-utils/render.tsx

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ function isInkRenderMetrics(
     typeof m === 'object' &&
     m !== null &&
     'output' in m &&
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
     typeof m['output'] === 'string'
   );
 }

packages/cli/src/ui/AppContainer.test.tsx

@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ vi.mock('./hooks/useIdeTrustListener.js');
 vi.mock('./hooks/useMessageQueue.js');
 vi.mock('./hooks/useApprovalModeIndicator.js');
 vi.mock('./hooks/useGitBranchName.js');
+vi.mock('./hooks/useExtensionUpdates.js');
 vi.mock('./contexts/VimModeContext.js');
 vi.mock('./contexts/SessionContext.js');
 vi.mock('./components/shared/text-buffer.js');
@@ -218,6 +219,10 @@ import { useIdeTrustListener } from './hooks/useIdeTrustListener.js';
 import { useMessageQueue } from './hooks/useMessageQueue.js';
 import { useApprovalModeIndicator } from './hooks/useApprovalModeIndicator.js';
 import { useGitBranchName } from './hooks/useGitBranchName.js';
+import {
+  useConfirmUpdateRequests,
+  useExtensionUpdates,
+} from './hooks/useExtensionUpdates.js';
 import { useVimMode } from './contexts/VimModeContext.js';
 import { useSessionStats } from './contexts/SessionContext.js';
 import { useTextBuffer } from './components/shared/text-buffer.js';
@@ -227,10 +232,7 @@ import { useInputHistoryStore } from './hooks/useInputHistoryStore.js';
 import { useKeypress, type Key } from './hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import * as useKeypressModule from './hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { useSuspend } from './hooks/useSuspend.js';
-import { measureElement } from 'ink';
-import { useTerminalSize } from './hooks/useTerminalSize.js';
 import {
-  ShellExecutionService,
   writeToStdout,
   enableMouseEvents,
   disableMouseEvents,
@@ -299,6 +301,8 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
   const mockedUseMessageQueue = useMessageQueue as Mock;
   const mockedUseApprovalModeIndicator = useApprovalModeIndicator as Mock;
   const mockedUseGitBranchName = useGitBranchName as Mock;
+  const mockedUseConfirmUpdateRequests = useConfirmUpdateRequests as Mock;
+  const mockedUseExtensionUpdates = useExtensionUpdates as Mock;
   const mockedUseVimMode = useVimMode as Mock;
   const mockedUseSessionStats = useSessionStats as Mock;
   const mockedUseTextBuffer = useTextBuffer as Mock;
@@ -451,6 +455,15 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       isFocused: true,
       hasReceivedFocusEvent: true,
     });
+    mockedUseConfirmUpdateRequests.mockReturnValue({
+      addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest: vi.fn(),
+      confirmUpdateExtensionRequests: [],
+    });
+    mockedUseExtensionUpdates.mockReturnValue({
+      extensionsUpdateState: new Map(),
+      extensionsUpdateStateInternal: new Map(),
+      dispatchExtensionStateUpdate: vi.fn(),
+    });
 
     // Mock Config
     mockConfig = makeFakeConfig();
@@ -2181,35 +2194,6 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('Terminal Height Calculation', () => {
-    const mockedMeasureElement = measureElement as Mock;
-    const mockedUseTerminalSize = useTerminalSize as Mock;
-
-    it('should prevent terminal height from being less than 1', async () => {
-      const resizePtySpy = vi.spyOn(ShellExecutionService, 'resizePty');
-      // Arrange: Simulate a small terminal and a large footer
-      mockedUseTerminalSize.mockReturnValue({ columns: 80, rows: 5 });
-      mockedMeasureElement.mockReturnValue({ width: 80, height: 10 }); // Footer is taller than the screen
-
-      mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
-        activePtyId: 'some-id',
-      });
-
-      let unmount: () => void;
-      await act(async () => {
-        const result = renderAppContainer();
-        unmount = result.unmount;
-      });
-      await waitFor(() => expect(resizePtySpy).toHaveBeenCalled());
-      const lastCall =
-        resizePtySpy.mock.calls[resizePtySpy.mock.calls.length - 1];
-      // Check the height argument specifically
-      expect(lastCall[2]).toBe(1);
-      unmount!();
-    });
-  });
-
   describe('Keyboard Input Handling (CTRL+C / CTRL+D)', () => {
     let mockHandleSlashCommand: Mock;
     let mockCancelOngoingRequest: Mock;
@@ -3125,30 +3109,6 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('Shell Interaction', () => {
-    it('should not crash if resizing the pty fails', async () => {
-      const resizePtySpy = vi
-        .spyOn(ShellExecutionService, 'resizePty')
-        .mockImplementation(() => {
-          throw new Error('Cannot resize a pty that has already exited');
-        });
-
-      mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
-        activePtyId: 'some-pty-id', // Make sure activePtyId is set
-      });
-
-      // The main assertion is that the render does not throw.
-      let unmount: () => void;
-      await act(async () => {
-        const result = renderAppContainer();
-        unmount = result.unmount;
-      });
-
-      await waitFor(() => expect(resizePtySpy).toHaveBeenCalled());
-      unmount!();
-    });
-  });
   describe('Banner Text', () => {
     it('should render placeholder banner text for USE_GEMINI auth type', async () => {
       const config = makeFakeConfig();
@@ -3449,6 +3409,63 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       unmount!();
     });
 
+    it('resets the hint timer when a new component overflows (overflowingIdsSize increases)', async () => {
+      let unmount: () => void;
+      await act(async () => {
+        const result = renderAppContainer();
+        unmount = result.unmount;
+      });
+      await waitFor(() => expect(capturedUIState).toBeTruthy());
+
+      // 1. Trigger first overflow
+      act(() => {
+        capturedOverflowActions.addOverflowingId('test-id-1');
+      });
+
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(true);
+      });
+
+      // 2. Advance half the duration
+      act(() => {
+        vi.advanceTimersByTime(EXPAND_HINT_DURATION_MS / 2);
+      });
+      expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(true);
+
+      // 3. Trigger second overflow (this should reset the timer)
+      act(() => {
+        capturedOverflowActions.addOverflowingId('test-id-2');
+      });
+
+      // Advance by 1ms to allow the OverflowProvider's 0ms batching timeout to fire
+      // and flush the state update to AppContainer, triggering the reset.
+      act(() => {
+        vi.advanceTimersByTime(1);
+      });
+
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(true);
+      });
+
+      // 4. Advance enough that the ORIGINAL timer would have expired
+      // Subtracting 1ms since we advanced it above to flush the state.
+      act(() => {
+        vi.advanceTimersByTime(EXPAND_HINT_DURATION_MS / 2 + 100 - 1);
+      });
+      // The hint should STILL be visible because the timer reset at step 3
+      expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(true);
+
+      // 5. Advance to the end of the NEW timer
+      act(() => {
+        vi.advanceTimersByTime(EXPAND_HINT_DURATION_MS / 2 - 100);
+      });
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(false);
+      });
+
+      unmount!();
+    });
+
     it('toggles expansion state and resets the hint timer when Ctrl+O is pressed in Standard Mode', async () => {
       let unmount: () => void;
       let stdin: ReturnType<typeof renderAppContainer>['stdin'];
@@ -3590,7 +3607,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       unmount!();
     });
 
-    it('does NOT set showIsExpandableHint when overflow occurs in Alternate Buffer Mode', async () => {
+    it('DOES set showIsExpandableHint when overflow occurs in Alternate Buffer Mode', async () => {
       const alternateSettings = mergeSettings({}, {}, {}, {}, true);
       const settingsWithAlternateBuffer = {
         merged: {
@@ -3618,8 +3635,10 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         capturedOverflowActions.addOverflowingId('test-id');
       });
 
-      // Should NOT show hint because we are in Alternate Buffer Mode
-      expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(false);
+      // Should NOW show hint because we are in Alternate Buffer Mode
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(capturedUIState.showIsExpandableHint).toBe(true);
+      });
 
       unmount!();
     });

packages/cli/src/ui/AppContainer.tsx

@@ -283,19 +283,18 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
    * Manages the visibility and x-second timer for the expansion hint.
    *
    * This effect triggers the timer countdown whenever an overflow is detected
-   * or the user manually toggles the expansion state with Ctrl+O. We use a stable
-   * boolean dependency (hasOverflowState) to ensure the timer only resets on
-   * genuine state transitions, preventing it from infinitely resetting during
-   * active text streaming.
+   * or the user manually toggles the expansion state with Ctrl+O.
+   * By depending on overflowingIdsSize, the timer resets when *new* views
+   * overflow, but avoids infinitely resetting during single-view streaming.
    *
    * In alternate buffer mode, we don't trigger the hint automatically on overflow
    * to avoid noise, but the user can still trigger it manually with Ctrl+O.
    */
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (hasOverflowState && !isAlternateBuffer) {
+    if (hasOverflowState) {
       triggerExpandHint(true);
     }
-  }, [hasOverflowState, isAlternateBuffer, triggerExpandHint]);
+  }, [hasOverflowState, overflowingIdsSize, triggerExpandHint]);
 
   const [defaultBannerText, setDefaultBannerText] = useState('');
   const [warningBannerText, setWarningBannerText] = useState('');
@@ -1010,10 +1009,10 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       historyManager.addItem(
         {
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: `Memory refreshed successfully. ${
+          text: `Memory reloaded successfully. ${
             flattenedMemory.length > 0
-              ? `Loaded ${flattenedMemory.length} characters from ${fileCount} file(s).`
-              : 'No memory content found.'
+              ? `Loaded ${flattenedMemory.length} characters from ${fileCount} file(s)`
+              : 'No memory content found'
           }`,
         },
         Date.now(),
@@ -1421,32 +1420,6 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   const initialPromptSubmitted = useRef(false);
   const geminiClient = config.getGeminiClient();
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (activePtyId) {
-      try {
-        ShellExecutionService.resizePty(
-          activePtyId,
-          Math.floor(terminalWidth * SHELL_WIDTH_FRACTION),
-          Math.max(
-            Math.floor(availableTerminalHeight - SHELL_HEIGHT_PADDING),
-            1,
-          ),
-        );
-      } catch (e) {
-        // This can happen in a race condition where the pty exits
-        // right before we try to resize it.
-        if (
-          !(
-            e instanceof Error &&
-            e.message.includes('Cannot resize a pty that has already exited')
-          )
-        ) {
-          throw e;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }, [terminalWidth, availableTerminalHeight, activePtyId]);
-
   useEffect(() => {
     if (
       initialPrompt &&

packages/cli/src/ui/auth/ApiAuthDialog.test.tsx

@@ -29,9 +29,16 @@ vi.mock('../hooks/useKeypress.js', () => ({
   useKeypress: vi.fn(),
 }));
 
-vi.mock('../components/shared/text-buffer.js', () => ({
-  useTextBuffer: vi.fn(),
-}));
+vi.mock('../components/shared/text-buffer.js', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const actual =
+    await importOriginal<
+      typeof import('../components/shared/text-buffer.js')
+    >();
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    useTextBuffer: vi.fn(),
+  };
+});
 
 vi.mock('../contexts/UIStateContext.js', () => ({
   useUIState: vi.fn(() => ({

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/agentsCommand.test.ts

@@ -105,34 +105,40 @@ describe('agentsCommand', () => {
     );
   });
 
-  it('should reload the agent registry when refresh subcommand is called', async () => {
+  it('should reload the agent registry when reload subcommand is called', async () => {
     const reloadSpy = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
     mockConfig.getAgentRegistry = vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
       reload: reloadSpy,
     });
 
-    const refreshCommand = agentsCommand.subCommands?.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'refresh',
+    const reloadCommand = agentsCommand.subCommands?.find(
+      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'reload',
     );
-    expect(refreshCommand).toBeDefined();
+    expect(reloadCommand).toBeDefined();
 
-    const result = await refreshCommand!.action!(mockContext, '');
+    const result = await reloadCommand!.action!(mockContext, '');
 
     expect(reloadSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        type: MessageType.INFO,
+        text: 'Reloading agent registry...',
+      }),
+    );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       type: 'message',
       messageType: 'info',
-      content: 'Agents refreshed successfully.',
+      content: 'Agents reloaded successfully',
     });
   });
 
-  it('should show an error if agent registry is not available during refresh', async () => {
+  it('should show an error if agent registry is not available during reload', async () => {
     mockConfig.getAgentRegistry = vi.fn().mockReturnValue(undefined);
 
-    const refreshCommand = agentsCommand.subCommands?.find(
-      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'refresh',
+    const reloadCommand = agentsCommand.subCommands?.find(
+      (cmd) => cmd.name === 'reload',
     );
-    const result = await refreshCommand!.action!(mockContext, '');
+    const result = await reloadCommand!.action!(mockContext, '');
 
     expect(result).toEqual({
       type: 'message',

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/agentsCommand.ts

@@ -322,9 +322,9 @@ const configCommand: SlashCommand = {
   completion: completeAllAgents,
 };
 
-const agentsRefreshCommand: SlashCommand = {
-  name: 'refresh',
-  altNames: ['reload'],
+const agentsReloadCommand: SlashCommand = {
+  name: 'reload',
+  altNames: ['refresh'],
   description: 'Reload the agent registry',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   action: async (context: CommandContext) => {
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ const agentsRefreshCommand: SlashCommand = {
 
     context.ui.addItem({
       type: MessageType.INFO,
-      text: 'Refreshing agent registry...',
+      text: 'Reloading agent registry...',
     });
 
     await agentRegistry.reload();
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ const agentsRefreshCommand: SlashCommand = {
     return {
       type: 'message',
       messageType: 'info',
-      content: 'Agents refreshed successfully.',
+      content: 'Agents reloaded successfully',
     };
   },
 };
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ export const agentsCommand: SlashCommand = {
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   subCommands: [
     agentsListCommand,
-    agentsRefreshCommand,
+    agentsReloadCommand,
     enableCommand,
     disableCommand,
     configCommand,

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/extensionsCommand.test.ts

@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       await uninstallAction!(mockContext, '');
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
         type: MessageType.ERROR,
-        text: 'Usage: /extensions uninstall <extension-name>',
+        text: 'Usage: /extensions uninstall <extension-names...>|--all',
       });
       expect(mockUninstallExtension).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('restart', () => {
+  describe('reload', () => {
     let restartAction: SlashCommand['action'];
     let mockRestartExtension: MockedFunction<
       typeof ExtensionLoader.prototype.restartExtension
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
 
     beforeEach(() => {
       restartAction = extensionsCommand().subCommands?.find(
-        (c) => c.name === 'restart',
+        (c) => c.name === 'reload',
       )?.action;
       expect(restartAction).not.toBeNull();
 
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
           getExtensions: mockGetExtensions,
           restartExtension: mockRestartExtension,
         }));
-      mockContext.invocation!.name = 'restart';
+      mockContext.invocation!.name = 'reload';
     });
 
     it('should show a message if no extensions are installed', async () => {
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    it('restarts all active extensions when --all is provided', async () => {
+    it('reloads all active extensions when --all is provided', async () => {
       const mockExtensions = [
         { name: 'ext1', isActive: true },
         { name: 'ext2', isActive: true },
@@ -946,13 +946,13 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: 'Restarting 2 extensions...',
+          text: 'Reloading 2 extensions...',
         }),
       );
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: '2 extensions restarted successfully.',
+          text: '2 extensions reloaded successfully',
         }),
       );
       expect(mockContext.ui.dispatchExtensionStateUpdate).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       );
     });
 
-    it('restarts only specified active extensions', async () => {
+    it('reloads only specified active extensions', async () => {
       const mockExtensions = [
         { name: 'ext1', isActive: false },
         { name: 'ext2', isActive: true },
@@ -1024,13 +1024,13 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: MessageType.ERROR,
-          text: 'Usage: /extensions restart <extension-names>|--all',
+          text: 'Usage: /extensions reload <extension-names>|--all',
         }),
       );
       expect(mockRestartExtension).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
-    it('handles errors during extension restart', async () => {
+    it('handles errors during extension reload', async () => {
       const mockExtensions = [
         { name: 'ext1', isActive: true },
       ] as GeminiCLIExtension[];
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: MessageType.ERROR,
-          text: 'Failed to restart some extensions:\n  ext1: Failed to restart',
+          text: 'Failed to reload some extensions:\n  ext1: Failed to restart',
         }),
       );
     });
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       );
     });
 
-    it('does not restart any extensions if none are found', async () => {
+    it('does not reload any extensions if none are found', async () => {
       const mockExtensions = [
         { name: 'ext1', isActive: true },
       ] as GeminiCLIExtension[];
@@ -1083,8 +1083,8 @@ describe('extensionsCommand', () => {
       );
     });
 
-    it('should suggest only enabled extension names for the restart command', async () => {
-      mockContext.invocation!.name = 'restart';
+    it('should suggest only enabled extension names for the reload command', async () => {
+      mockContext.invocation!.name = 'reload';
       const mockExtensions = [
         { name: 'ext1', isActive: true },
         { name: 'ext2', isActive: false },

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/extensionsCommand.ts

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ async function restartAction(
   if (!all && names?.length === 0) {
     context.ui.addItem({
       type: MessageType.ERROR,
-      text: 'Usage: /extensions restart <extension-names>|--all',
+      text: 'Usage: /extensions reload <extension-names>|--all',
     });
     return Promise.resolve();
   }
@@ -208,12 +208,12 @@ async function restartAction(
 
   const s = extensionsToRestart.length > 1 ? 's' : '';
 
-  const restartingMessage = {
+  const reloadingMessage = {
     type: MessageType.INFO,
-    text: `Restarting ${extensionsToRestart.length} extension${s}...`,
+    text: `Reloading ${extensionsToRestart.length} extension${s}...`,
     color: theme.text.primary,
   };
-  context.ui.addItem(restartingMessage);
+  context.ui.addItem(reloadingMessage);
 
   const results = await Promise.allSettled(
     extensionsToRestart.map(async (extension) => {
@@ -254,12 +254,12 @@ async function restartAction(
       .join('\n  ');
     context.ui.addItem({
       type: MessageType.ERROR,
-      text: `Failed to restart some extensions:\n  ${errorMessages}`,
+      text: `Failed to reload some extensions:\n  ${errorMessages}`,
     });
   } else {
     const infoItem: HistoryItemInfo = {
       type: MessageType.INFO,
-      text: `${extensionsToRestart.length} extension${s} restarted successfully.`,
+      text: `${extensionsToRestart.length} extension${s} reloaded successfully`,
       icon: emptyIcon,
       color: theme.text.primary,
     };
@@ -594,33 +594,53 @@ async function uninstallAction(context: CommandContext, args: string) {
     return;
   }
 
-  const name = args.trim();
-  if (!name) {
+  const uninstallArgs = args.split(' ').filter((value) => value.length > 0);
+  const all = uninstallArgs.includes('--all');
+  const names = uninstallArgs.filter((a) => !a.startsWith('--'));
+
+  if (!all && names.length === 0) {
     context.ui.addItem({
       type: MessageType.ERROR,
-      text: `Usage: /extensions uninstall <extension-name>`,
+      text: `Usage: /extensions uninstall <extension-names...>|--all`,
     });
     return;
   }
 
-  context.ui.addItem({
-    type: MessageType.INFO,
-    text: `Uninstalling extension "${name}"...`,
-  });
+  let namesToUninstall: string[] = [];
+  if (all) {
+    namesToUninstall = extensionLoader.getExtensions().map((ext) => ext.name);
+  } else {
+    namesToUninstall = names;
+  }
 
-  try {
-    await extensionLoader.uninstallExtension(name, false);
+  if (namesToUninstall.length === 0) {
     context.ui.addItem({
       type: MessageType.INFO,
-      text: `Extension "${name}" uninstalled successfully.`,
+      text: all ? 'No extensions installed.' : 'No extension name provided.',
     });
-  } catch (error) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (const extensionName of namesToUninstall) {
     context.ui.addItem({
-      type: MessageType.ERROR,
-      text: `Failed to uninstall extension "${name}": ${getErrorMessage(
-        error,
-      )}`,
+      type: MessageType.INFO,
+      text: `Uninstalling extension "${extensionName}"...`,
     });
+
+    try {
+      await extensionLoader.uninstallExtension(extensionName, false);
+      context.ui.addItem({
+        type: MessageType.INFO,
+        text: `Extension "${extensionName}" uninstalled successfully.`,
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      context.ui.addItem({
+        type: MessageType.ERROR,
+        text: `Failed to uninstall extension "${extensionName}": ${getErrorMessage(
+          error,
+        )}`,
+      });
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -709,7 +729,8 @@ export function completeExtensions(
   }
   if (
     context.invocation?.name === 'disable' ||
-    context.invocation?.name === 'restart'
+    context.invocation?.name === 'restart' ||
+    context.invocation?.name === 'reload'
   ) {
     extensions = extensions.filter((ext) => ext.isActive);
   }
@@ -804,9 +825,10 @@ const exploreExtensionsCommand: SlashCommand = {
   action: exploreAction,
 };
 
-const restartCommand: SlashCommand = {
-  name: 'restart',
-  description: 'Restart all extensions',
+const reloadCommand: SlashCommand = {
+  name: 'reload',
+  altNames: ['restart'],
+  description: 'Reload all extensions',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: false,
   action: restartAction,
@@ -843,7 +865,7 @@ export function extensionsCommand(
       listExtensionsCommand,
       updateExtensionsCommand,
       exploreExtensionsCommand,
-      restartCommand,
+      reloadCommand,
       ...conditionalCommands,
     ],
     action: (context, args) =>

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/mcpCommand.ts

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ const authCommand: SlashCommand = {
       return {
         type: 'message',
         messageType: 'info',
-        content: `Successfully authenticated and refreshed tools for '${serverName}'.`,
+        content: `Successfully authenticated and reloaded tools for '${serverName}'`,
       };
     } catch (error) {
       return {
@@ -325,10 +325,10 @@ const schemaCommand: SlashCommand = {
   action: (context) => listAction(context, true, true),
 };
 
-const refreshCommand: SlashCommand = {
-  name: 'refresh',
-  altNames: ['reload'],
-  description: 'Restarts MCP servers',
+const reloadCommand: SlashCommand = {
+  name: 'reload',
+  altNames: ['refresh'],
+  description: 'Reloads MCP servers',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
   action: async (
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ const refreshCommand: SlashCommand = {
 
     context.ui.addItem({
       type: 'info',
-      text: 'Restarting MCP servers...',
+      text: 'Reloading MCP servers...',
     });
 
     await mcpClientManager.restart();
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ async function handleEnableDisable(
   const mcpClientManager = config.getMcpClientManager();
   if (mcpClientManager) {
     context.ui.addItem(
-      { type: 'info', text: 'Restarting MCP servers...' },
+      { type: 'info', text: 'Reloading MCP servers...' },
       Date.now(),
     );
     await mcpClientManager.restart();
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ export const mcpCommand: SlashCommand = {
     descCommand,
     schemaCommand,
     authCommand,
-    refreshCommand,
+    reloadCommand,
     enableCommand,
     disableCommand,
   ],

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/memoryCommand.test.ts

@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
         return {
           type: 'message',
           messageType: 'info',
-          content: `Memory refreshed successfully. Loaded ${memoryContent.length} characters from ${fileCount} file(s).`,
+          content: `Memory reloaded successfully. Loaded ${memoryContent.length} characters from ${fileCount} file(s).`,
         };
       }
       return {
         type: 'message',
         messageType: 'info',
-        content: 'Memory refreshed successfully.',
+        content: 'Memory reloaded successfully.',
       };
     }),
     showMemory: vi.fn(),
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
   let mockContext: CommandContext;
 
   const getSubCommand = (
-    name: 'show' | 'add' | 'refresh' | 'list',
+    name: 'show' | 'add' | 'reload' | 'list',
   ): SlashCommand => {
     const subCommand = memoryCommand.subCommands?.find(
       (cmd) => cmd.name === name,
@@ -206,15 +206,15 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('/memory refresh', () => {
-    let refreshCommand: SlashCommand;
+  describe('/memory reload', () => {
+    let reloadCommand: SlashCommand;
     let mockSetUserMemory: Mock;
     let mockSetGeminiMdFileCount: Mock;
     let mockSetGeminiMdFilePaths: Mock;
     let mockContextManagerRefresh: Mock;
 
     beforeEach(() => {
-      refreshCommand = getSubCommand('refresh');
+      reloadCommand = getSubCommand('reload');
       mockSetUserMemory = vi.fn();
       mockSetGeminiMdFileCount = vi.fn();
       mockSetGeminiMdFilePaths = vi.fn();
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
     });
 
     it('should use ContextManager.refresh when JIT is enabled', async () => {
-      if (!refreshCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
+      if (!reloadCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
 
       // Enable JIT in mock config
       const config = mockContext.services.config;
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
       vi.mocked(config.getUserMemory).mockReturnValue('JIT Memory Content');
       vi.mocked(config.getGeminiMdFileCount).mockReturnValue(3);
 
-      await refreshCommand.action(mockContext, '');
+      await reloadCommand.action(mockContext, '');
 
       expect(mockContextManagerRefresh).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
       expect(mockRefreshServerHierarchicalMemory).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -284,29 +284,29 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         {
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: 'Memory refreshed successfully. Loaded 18 characters from 3 file(s).',
+          text: 'Memory reloaded successfully. Loaded 18 characters from 3 file(s).',
         },
         expect.any(Number),
       );
     });
 
-    it('should display success message when memory is refreshed with content (Legacy)', async () => {
-      if (!refreshCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
+    it('should display success message when memory is reloaded with content (Legacy)', async () => {
+      if (!reloadCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
 
       const successMessage = {
         type: 'message',
         messageType: MessageType.INFO,
         content:
-          'Memory refreshed successfully. Loaded 18 characters from 2 file(s).',
+          'Memory reloaded successfully. Loaded 18 characters from 2 file(s).',
       };
       mockRefreshMemory.mockResolvedValue(successMessage);
 
-      await refreshCommand.action(mockContext, '');
+      await reloadCommand.action(mockContext, '');
 
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         {
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: 'Refreshing memory from source files...',
+          text: 'Reloading memory from source files...',
         },
         expect.any(Number),
       );
@@ -316,42 +316,42 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         {
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: 'Memory refreshed successfully. Loaded 18 characters from 2 file(s).',
+          text: 'Memory reloaded successfully. Loaded 18 characters from 2 file(s).',
         },
         expect.any(Number),
       );
     });
 
-    it('should display success message when memory is refreshed with no content', async () => {
-      if (!refreshCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
+    it('should display success message when memory is reloaded with no content', async () => {
+      if (!reloadCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
 
       const successMessage = {
         type: 'message',
         messageType: MessageType.INFO,
-        content: 'Memory refreshed successfully. No memory content found.',
+        content: 'Memory reloaded successfully. No memory content found.',
       };
       mockRefreshMemory.mockResolvedValue(successMessage);
 
-      await refreshCommand.action(mockContext, '');
+      await reloadCommand.action(mockContext, '');
 
       expect(mockRefreshMemory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
 
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         {
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: 'Memory refreshed successfully. No memory content found.',
+          text: 'Memory reloaded successfully. No memory content found.',
         },
         expect.any(Number),
       );
     });
 
-    it('should display an error message if refreshing fails', async () => {
-      if (!refreshCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
+    it('should display an error message if reloading fails', async () => {
+      if (!reloadCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
 
       const error = new Error('Failed to read memory files.');
       mockRefreshMemory.mockRejectedValue(error);
 
-      await refreshCommand.action(mockContext, '');
+      await reloadCommand.action(mockContext, '');
 
       expect(mockRefreshMemory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
       expect(mockSetUserMemory).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -361,27 +361,27 @@ describe('memoryCommand', () => {
       expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         {
           type: MessageType.ERROR,
-          text: `Error refreshing memory: ${error.message}`,
+          text: `Error reloading memory: ${error.message}`,
         },
         expect.any(Number),
       );
     });
 
     it('should not throw if config service is unavailable', async () => {
-      if (!refreshCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
+      if (!reloadCommand.action) throw new Error('Command has no action');
 
       const nullConfigContext = createMockCommandContext({
         services: { config: null },
       });
 
       await expect(
-        refreshCommand.action(nullConfigContext, ''),
+        reloadCommand.action(nullConfigContext, ''),
       ).resolves.toBeUndefined();
 
       expect(nullConfigContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         {
           type: MessageType.INFO,
-          text: 'Refreshing memory from source files...',
+          text: 'Reloading memory from source files...',
         },
         expect.any(Number),
       );

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/memoryCommand.ts

@@ -63,16 +63,16 @@ export const memoryCommand: SlashCommand = {
       },
     },
     {
-      name: 'refresh',
-      altNames: ['reload'],
-      description: 'Refresh the memory from the source',
+      name: 'reload',
+      altNames: ['refresh'],
+      description: 'Reload the memory from the source',
       kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
       autoExecute: true,
       action: async (context) => {
         context.ui.addItem(
           {
             type: MessageType.INFO,
-            text: 'Refreshing memory from source files...',
+            text: 'Reloading memory from source files...',
           },
           Date.now(),
         );
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export const memoryCommand: SlashCommand = {
             {
               type: MessageType.ERROR,
               // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-type-assertion
-              text: `Error refreshing memory: ${(error as Error).message}`,
+              text: `Error reloading memory: ${(error as Error).message}`,
             },
             Date.now(),
           );

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/statsCommand.test.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
     UserAccountManager: vi.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
       getCachedGoogleAccount: vi.fn().mockReturnValue('mock@example.com'),
     })),
+    getG1CreditBalance: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(undefined),
   };
 });
 

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/types.ts

@@ -177,7 +177,9 @@ export type SlashCommandActionReturn =
 
 export enum CommandKind {
   BUILT_IN = 'built-in',
-  FILE = 'file',
+  USER_FILE = 'user-file',
+  WORKSPACE_FILE = 'workspace-file',
+  EXTENSION_FILE = 'extension-file',
   MCP_PROMPT = 'mcp-prompt',
   AGENT = 'agent',
 }
@@ -203,6 +205,9 @@ export interface SlashCommand {
   extensionName?: string;
   extensionId?: string;
 
+  // Optional metadata for MCP commands
+  mcpServerName?: string;
+
   // The action to run. Optional for parent commands that only group sub-commands.
   action?: (
     context: CommandContext,

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ApprovalModeIndicator.tsx

@@ -8,22 +8,14 @@ import type React from 'react';
 import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
 import { ApprovalMode } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { formatCommand } from '../utils/keybindingUtils.js';
+import { Command } from '../../config/keyBindings.js';
 
 interface ApprovalModeIndicatorProps {
   approvalMode: ApprovalMode;
   allowPlanMode?: boolean;
 }
 
-export const APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT = {
-  AUTO_EDIT: 'auto-accept edits',
-  PLAN: 'plan',
-  YOLO: 'YOLO',
-  HINT_SWITCH_TO_PLAN_MODE: 'shift+tab to plan',
-  HINT_SWITCH_TO_MANUAL_MODE: 'shift+tab to manual',
-  HINT_SWITCH_TO_AUTO_EDIT_MODE: 'shift+tab to accept edits',
-  HINT_SWITCH_TO_YOLO_MODE: 'ctrl+y',
-};
-
 export const ApprovalModeIndicator: React.FC<ApprovalModeIndicatorProps> = ({
   approvalMode,
   allowPlanMode,
@@ -32,29 +24,32 @@ export const ApprovalModeIndicator: React.FC<ApprovalModeIndicatorProps> = ({
   let textContent = '';
   let subText = '';
 
+  const cycleHint = formatCommand(Command.CYCLE_APPROVAL_MODE);
+  const yoloHint = formatCommand(Command.TOGGLE_YOLO);
+
   switch (approvalMode) {
     case ApprovalMode.AUTO_EDIT:
       textColor = theme.status.warning;
-      textContent = APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.AUTO_EDIT;
+      textContent = 'auto-accept edits';
       subText = allowPlanMode
-        ? APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.HINT_SWITCH_TO_PLAN_MODE
-        : APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.HINT_SWITCH_TO_MANUAL_MODE;
+        ? `${cycleHint} to plan`
+        : `${cycleHint} to manual`;
       break;
     case ApprovalMode.PLAN:
       textColor = theme.status.success;
-      textContent = APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.PLAN;
-      subText = APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.HINT_SWITCH_TO_MANUAL_MODE;
+      textContent = 'plan';
+      subText = `${cycleHint} to manual`;
       break;
     case ApprovalMode.YOLO:
       textColor = theme.status.error;
-      textContent = APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.YOLO;
-      subText = APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.HINT_SWITCH_TO_YOLO_MODE;
+      textContent = 'YOLO';
+      subText = yoloHint;
       break;
     case ApprovalMode.DEFAULT:
     default:
       textColor = theme.text.accent;
       textContent = '';
-      subText = APPROVAL_MODE_TEXT.HINT_SWITCH_TO_AUTO_EDIT_MODE;
+      subText = `${cycleHint} to accept edits`;
       break;
   }
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/AskUserDialog.test.tsx

@@ -1347,4 +1347,47 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
       });
     });
   });
+
+  it('expands paste placeholders in multi-select custom option via Done', async () => {
+    const questions: Question[] = [
+      {
+        question: 'Which features?',
+        header: 'Features',
+        type: QuestionType.CHOICE,
+        options: [{ label: 'TypeScript', description: '' }],
+        multiSelect: true,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const onSubmit = vi.fn();
+    const { stdin } = renderWithProviders(
+      <AskUserDialog
+        questions={questions}
+        onSubmit={onSubmit}
+        onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
+      />,
+      { width: 120 },
+    );
+
+    // Select TypeScript
+    writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+    // Down to Other
+    writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B');
+
+    // Simulate bracketed paste of multi-line text into the custom option
+    const pastedText = 'Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3\nLine 4\nLine 5\nLine 6';
+    const ESC = '\x1b';
+    writeKey(stdin, `${ESC}[200~${pastedText}${ESC}[201~`);
+
+    // Down to Done and submit
+    writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B');
+    writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        '0': `TypeScript, ${pastedText}`,
+      });
+    });
+  });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/AskUserDialog.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@ import { useKeypress, type Key } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { keyMatchers, Command } from '../keyMatchers.js';
 import { checkExhaustive } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { TextInput } from './shared/TextInput.js';
-import { useTextBuffer } from './shared/text-buffer.js';
+import { formatCommand } from '../utils/keybindingUtils.js';
+import {
+  useTextBuffer,
+  expandPastePlaceholders,
+} from './shared/text-buffer.js';
 import { getCachedStringWidth } from '../utils/textUtils.js';
 import { useTabbedNavigation } from '../hooks/useTabbedNavigation.js';
 import { DialogFooter } from './shared/DialogFooter.js';
@@ -252,7 +256,7 @@ const ReviewView: React.FC<ReviewViewProps> = ({
       </Box>
       <DialogFooter
         primaryAction="Enter to submit"
-        navigationActions="Tab/Shift+Tab to edit answers"
+        navigationActions={`${formatCommand(Command.DIALOG_NEXT)}/${formatCommand(Command.DIALOG_PREV)} to edit answers`}
         extraParts={extraParts}
       />
     </Box>
@@ -302,10 +306,12 @@ const TextQuestionView: React.FC<TextQuestionViewProps> = ({
   const lastTextValueRef = useRef(textValue);
   useEffect(() => {
     if (textValue !== lastTextValueRef.current) {
-      onSelectionChange?.(textValue);
+      onSelectionChange?.(
+        expandPastePlaceholders(textValue, buffer.pastedContent),
+      );
       lastTextValueRef.current = textValue;
     }
-  }, [textValue, onSelectionChange]);
+  }, [textValue, onSelectionChange, buffer.pastedContent]);
 
   // Handle Ctrl+C to clear all text
   const handleExtraKeys = useCallback(
@@ -588,11 +594,15 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
         }
       });
       if (includeCustomOption && customOption.trim()) {
-        answers.push(customOption.trim());
+        const expanded = expandPastePlaceholders(
+          customOption,
+          customBuffer.pastedContent,
+        );
+        answers.push(expanded.trim());
       }
       return answers.join(', ');
     },
-    [questionOptions],
+    [questionOptions, customBuffer.pastedContent],
   );
 
   // Synchronize selection changes with parent - only when it actually changes
@@ -757,7 +767,12 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
         } else if (itemValue.type === 'other') {
           // In single select, selecting other submits it if it has text
           if (customOptionText.trim()) {
-            onAnswer(customOptionText.trim());
+            onAnswer(
+              expandPastePlaceholders(
+                customOptionText,
+                customBuffer.pastedContent,
+              ).trim(),
+            );
           }
         }
       }
@@ -767,6 +782,7 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
       selectedIndices,
       isCustomOptionSelected,
       customOptionText,
+      customBuffer.pastedContent,
       onAnswer,
       buildAnswerString,
     ],
@@ -1146,7 +1162,7 @@ export const AskUserDialog: React.FC<AskUserDialogProps> = ({
       navigationActions={
         questions.length > 1
           ? currentQuestion.type === 'text' || isEditingCustomOption
-            ? 'Tab/Shift+Tab to switch questions'
+            ? `${formatCommand(Command.DIALOG_NEXT)}/${formatCommand(Command.DIALOG_PREV)} to switch questions`
             : '←/→ to switch questions'
           : currentQuestion.type === 'text' || isEditingCustomOption
             ? undefined

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Composer.test.tsx

@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ describe('Composer', () => {
       const uiState = createMockUIState({
         streamingState: StreamingState.Responding,
         thought: {
-          subject: 'Detailed in-history thought',
+          subject: 'Thinking about code',
           description: 'Full text is already in history',
         },
       });
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ describe('Composer', () => {
       const { lastFrame } = await renderComposer(uiState, settings);
 
       const output = lastFrame();
-      expect(output).toContain('LoadingIndicator: Thinking ...');
+      expect(output).toContain('LoadingIndicator: Thinking...');
     });
 
     it('hides shortcuts hint while loading', async () => {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Composer.tsx

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ export const Composer = ({ isFocused = true }: { isFocused?: boolean }) => {
                     : uiState.currentLoadingPhrase
                 }
                 thoughtLabel={
-                  inlineThinkingMode === 'full' ? 'Thinking ...' : undefined
+                  inlineThinkingMode === 'full' ? 'Thinking...' : undefined
                 }
                 elapsedTime={uiState.elapsedTime}
               />
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ export const Composer = ({ isFocused = true }: { isFocused?: boolean }) => {
                       : uiState.currentLoadingPhrase
                   }
                   thoughtLabel={
-                    inlineThinkingMode === 'full' ? 'Thinking ...' : undefined
+                    inlineThinkingMode === 'full' ? 'Thinking...' : undefined
                   }
                   elapsedTime={uiState.elapsedTime}
                 />
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ export const Composer = ({ isFocused = true }: { isFocused?: boolean }) => {
                           marginTop={
                             (showApprovalIndicator ||
                               uiState.shellModeActive) &&
-                            isNarrow
+                            !isNarrow
                               ? 1
                               : 0
                           }

packages/cli/src/ui/components/FolderTrustDialog.tsx

@@ -311,9 +311,5 @@ export const FolderTrustDialog: React.FC<FolderTrustDialogProps> = ({
     </Box>
   );
 
-  return isAlternateBuffer ? (
-    <OverflowProvider>{content}</OverflowProvider>
-  ) : (
-    content
-  );
+  return <OverflowProvider>{content}</OverflowProvider>;
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Footer.test.tsx

@@ -132,9 +132,7 @@ describe('<Footer />', () => {
       const output = lastFrame();
       expect(output).toBeDefined();
       // Should contain some part of the path, likely shortened
-      expect(output).toContain(
-        path.join('directories', 'to', 'make', 'it', 'long'),
-      );
+      expect(output).toContain(path.join('make', 'it'));
       unmount();
     });
 
@@ -149,9 +147,38 @@ describe('<Footer />', () => {
       await waitUntilReady();
       const output = lastFrame();
       expect(output).toBeDefined();
-      expect(output).toContain(
-        path.join('directories', 'to', 'make', 'it', 'long'),
+      expect(output).toContain(path.join('make', 'it'));
+      unmount();
+    });
+
+    it('should not truncate high-priority items on narrow terminals (regression)', async () => {
+      const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = renderWithProviders(
+        <Footer />,
+        {
+          width: 60,
+          uiState: {
+            sessionStats: mockSessionStats,
+          },
+          settings: createMockSettings({
+            general: {
+              vimMode: true,
+            },
+            ui: {
+              footer: {
+                showLabels: true,
+                items: ['workspace', 'model-name'],
+              },
+            },
+          }),
+        },
       );
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      // [INSERT] is high priority and should be fully visible
+      // (Note: VimModeProvider defaults to 'INSERT' mode when enabled)
+      expect(output).toContain('[INSERT]');
+      // Other items should be present but might be shortened
+      expect(output).toContain('gemini-pro');
       unmount();
     });
   });
@@ -235,7 +262,7 @@ describe('<Footer />', () => {
       },
     );
     await waitUntilReady();
-    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('15%');
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('85%');
     expect(normalizeFrame(lastFrame())).toMatchSnapshot();
     unmount();
   });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Footer.tsx

@@ -103,6 +103,9 @@ export interface FooterRowItem {
   key: string;
   header: string;
   element: React.ReactNode;
+  flexGrow?: number;
+  flexShrink?: number;
+  isFocused?: boolean;
 }
 
 const COLUMN_GAP = 3;
@@ -123,10 +126,20 @@ export const FooterRow: React.FC<{
     }
 
     elements.push(
-      <Box key={item.key} flexDirection="column">
+      <Box
+        key={item.key}
+        flexDirection="column"
+        flexGrow={item.flexGrow ?? 0}
+        flexShrink={item.flexShrink ?? 1}
+        backgroundColor={item.isFocused ? theme.background.focus : undefined}
+      >
         {showLabels && (
           <Box height={1}>
-            <Text color={theme.ui.comment}>{item.header}</Text>
+            <Text
+              color={item.isFocused ? theme.text.primary : theme.ui.comment}
+            >
+              {item.header}
+            </Text>
           </Box>
         )}
         <Box height={1}>{item.element}</Box>
@@ -138,6 +151,7 @@ export const FooterRow: React.FC<{
     <Box
       flexDirection="row"
       flexWrap="nowrap"
+      width="100%"
       columnGap={showLabels ? COLUMN_GAP : 0}
     >
       {elements}
@@ -408,41 +422,50 @@ export const Footer: React.FC = () => {
   }
 
   // --- Width Fitting Logic ---
-  let currentWidth = 2; // Initial padding
   const columnsToRender: FooterColumn[] = [];
   let droppedAny = false;
+  let currentUsedWidth = 2; // Initial padding
 
-  for (let i = 0; i < potentialColumns.length; i++) {
-    const col = potentialColumns[i];
-    const gap = columnsToRender.length > 0 ? (showLabels ? COLUMN_GAP : 3) : 0; // Use 3 for dot separator width
+  for (const col of potentialColumns) {
+    const gap = columnsToRender.length > 0 ? (showLabels ? COLUMN_GAP : 3) : 0;
     const budgetWidth = col.id === 'workspace' ? 20 : col.width;
 
     if (
       col.isHighPriority ||
-      currentWidth + gap + budgetWidth <= terminalWidth - 2
+      currentUsedWidth + gap + budgetWidth <= terminalWidth - 2
     ) {
       columnsToRender.push(col);
-      currentWidth += gap + budgetWidth;
+      currentUsedWidth += gap + budgetWidth;
     } else {
       droppedAny = true;
     }
   }
 
-  const totalBudgeted = columnsToRender.reduce(
-    (sum, c, idx) =>
-      sum +
-      (c.id === 'workspace' ? 20 : c.width) +
-      (idx > 0 ? (showLabels ? COLUMN_GAP : 3) : 0),
-    2,
-  );
-  const excessSpace = Math.max(0, terminalWidth - totalBudgeted);
-
   const rowItems: FooterRowItem[] = columnsToRender.map((col) => {
-    const maxWidth = col.id === 'workspace' ? 20 + excessSpace : col.width;
+    const isWorkspace = col.id === 'workspace';
+
+    // Calculate exact space available for growth to prevent over-estimation truncation
+    const otherItemsWidth = columnsToRender
+      .filter((c) => c.id !== 'workspace')
+      .reduce((sum, c) => sum + c.width, 0);
+    const numItems = columnsToRender.length + (droppedAny ? 1 : 0);
+    const numGaps = numItems > 1 ? numItems - 1 : 0;
+    const gapsWidth = numGaps * (showLabels ? COLUMN_GAP : 3);
+    const ellipsisWidth = droppedAny ? 1 : 0;
+
+    const availableForWorkspace = Math.max(
+      20,
+      terminalWidth - 2 - gapsWidth - otherItemsWidth - ellipsisWidth,
+    );
+
+    const estimatedWidth = isWorkspace ? availableForWorkspace : col.width;
+
     return {
       key: col.id,
       header: col.header,
-      element: col.element(maxWidth),
+      element: col.element(estimatedWidth),
+      flexGrow: isWorkspace ? 1 : 0,
+      flexShrink: isWorkspace ? 1 : 0,
     };
   });
 
@@ -451,6 +474,8 @@ export const Footer: React.FC = () => {
       key: 'ellipsis',
       header: '',
       element: <Text color={theme.ui.comment}>…</Text>,
+      flexGrow: 0,
+      flexShrink: 0,
     });
   }
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/FooterConfigDialog.test.tsx

@@ -24,13 +24,14 @@ describe('<FooterConfigDialog />', () => {
 
   it('renders correctly with default settings', async () => {
     const settings = createMockSettings();
-    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = renderWithProviders(
+    const renderResult = renderWithProviders(
       <FooterConfigDialog onClose={mockOnClose} />,
       { settings },
     );
 
-    await waitUntilReady();
-    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+    await renderResult.waitUntilReady();
+    expect(renderResult.lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+    await expect(renderResult).toMatchSvgSnapshot();
   });
 
   it('toggles an item when enter is pressed', async () => {
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ describe('<FooterConfigDialog />', () => {
     );
 
     await waitUntilReady();
-    // Initial order: workspace, branch, ...
+    // Initial order: workspace, git-branch, ...
     const output = lastFrame();
     const cwdIdx = output.indexOf('] workspace');
     const branchIdx = output.indexOf('] git-branch');
@@ -108,22 +109,40 @@ describe('<FooterConfigDialog />', () => {
 
   it('highlights the active item in the preview', async () => {
     const settings = createMockSettings();
-    const { lastFrame, stdin, waitUntilReady } = renderWithProviders(
+    const renderResult = renderWithProviders(
       <FooterConfigDialog onClose={mockOnClose} />,
       { settings },
     );
 
+    const { lastFrame, stdin, waitUntilReady } = renderResult;
+
     await waitUntilReady();
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('~/project/path');
 
-    // Move focus down to 'git-branch'
+    // Move focus down to 'code-changes' (which has colored elements)
+    for (let i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+      act(() => {
+        stdin.write('\u001b[B'); // Down arrow
+      });
+    }
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      // The selected indicator should be next to 'code-changes'
+      expect(lastFrame()).toMatch(/> \[ \] code-changes/);
+    });
+
+    // Toggle it on
     act(() => {
-      stdin.write('\u001b[B'); // Down arrow
+      stdin.write('\r');
     });
 
     await waitFor(() => {
-      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('main');
+      // It should now be checked and appear in the preview
+      expect(lastFrame()).toMatch(/> \[✓\] code-changes/);
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('+12 -4');
     });
+
+    await expect(renderResult).toMatchSvgSnapshot();
   });
 
   it('shows an empty preview when all items are deselected', async () => {
@@ -134,20 +153,64 @@ describe('<FooterConfigDialog />', () => {
     );
 
     await waitUntilReady();
-    for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+
+    // Default items are the first 5. We toggle them off.
+    for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      act(() => {
+        stdin.write('\r'); // Toggle off
+      });
       act(() => {
-        stdin.write('\r'); // Toggle (deselect)
         stdin.write('\u001b[B'); // Down arrow
       });
     }
 
+    await waitFor(
+      () => {
+        const output = lastFrame();
+        expect(output).toContain('Preview:');
+        expect(output).not.toContain('~/project/path');
+        expect(output).not.toContain('docker');
+      },
+      { timeout: 2000 },
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('moves item correctly after trying to move up at the top', async () => {
+    const settings = createMockSettings();
+    const { lastFrame, stdin, waitUntilReady } = renderWithProviders(
+      <FooterConfigDialog onClose={mockOnClose} />,
+      { settings },
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+
+    // Default initial items in mock settings are 'git-branch', 'workspace', ...
     await waitFor(() => {
       const output = lastFrame();
-      expect(output).toContain('Preview:');
-      expect(output).not.toContain('~/project/path');
-      expect(output).not.toContain('docker');
-      expect(output).not.toContain('gemini-2.5-pro');
-      expect(output).not.toContain('1.2k left');
+      expect(output).toContain('] git-branch');
+      expect(output).toContain('] workspace');
+    });
+
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    const branchIdx = output.indexOf('] git-branch');
+    const workspaceIdx = output.indexOf('] workspace');
+    expect(workspaceIdx).toBeLessThan(branchIdx);
+
+    // Try to move workspace up (left arrow) while it's at the top
+    act(() => {
+      stdin.write('\u001b[D'); // Left arrow
+    });
+
+    // Move workspace down (right arrow)
+    act(() => {
+      stdin.write('\u001b[C'); // Right arrow
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      const outputAfter = lastFrame();
+      const bIdxAfter = outputAfter.indexOf('] git-branch');
+      const wIdxAfter = outputAfter.indexOf('] workspace');
+      // workspace should now be after git-branch
+      expect(bIdxAfter).toBeLessThan(wIdxAfter);
     });
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/FooterConfigDialog.tsx

@@ -5,119 +5,75 @@
  */
 
 import type React from 'react';
-import { useCallback, useMemo, useReducer } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useReducer, useState } from 'react';
 import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
 import { useSettingsStore } from '../contexts/SettingsContext.js';
+import { useUIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import { useKeypress, type Key } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { keyMatchers, Command } from '../keyMatchers.js';
 import { FooterRow, type FooterRowItem } from './Footer.js';
 import { ALL_ITEMS, resolveFooterState } from '../../config/footerItems.js';
 import { SettingScope } from '../../config/settings.js';
+import { BaseSelectionList } from './shared/BaseSelectionList.js';
+import type { SelectionListItem } from '../hooks/useSelectionList.js';
+import { DialogFooter } from './shared/DialogFooter.js';
 
 interface FooterConfigDialogProps {
   onClose?: () => void;
 }
 
+interface FooterConfigItem {
+  key: string;
+  id: string;
+  label: string;
+  description?: string;
+  type: 'config' | 'labels-toggle' | 'reset';
+}
+
 interface FooterConfigState {
   orderedIds: string[];
   selectedIds: Set<string>;
-  activeIndex: number;
-  scrollOffset: number;
 }
 
 type FooterConfigAction =
-  | { type: 'MOVE_UP'; itemCount: number; maxToShow: number }
-  | { type: 'MOVE_DOWN'; itemCount: number; maxToShow: number }
-  | {
-      type: 'MOVE_LEFT';
-      items: Array<{ key: string }>;
-    }
-  | {
-      type: 'MOVE_RIGHT';
-      items: Array<{ key: string }>;
-    }
-  | { type: 'TOGGLE_ITEM'; items: Array<{ key: string }> }
-  | { type: 'SET_STATE'; payload: Partial<FooterConfigState> }
-  | { type: 'RESET_INDEX' };
+  | { type: 'MOVE_ITEM'; id: string; direction: number }
+  | { type: 'TOGGLE_ITEM'; id: string }
+  | { type: 'SET_STATE'; payload: Partial<FooterConfigState> };
 
 function footerConfigReducer(
   state: FooterConfigState,
   action: FooterConfigAction,
 ): FooterConfigState {
   switch (action.type) {
-    case 'MOVE_UP': {
-      const { itemCount, maxToShow } = action;
-      const totalSlots = itemCount + 2; // +1 for showLabels, +1 for reset
-      const newIndex =
-        state.activeIndex > 0 ? state.activeIndex - 1 : totalSlots - 1;
-      let newOffset = state.scrollOffset;
-
-      if (newIndex < itemCount) {
-        if (newIndex === itemCount - 1) {
-          newOffset = Math.max(0, itemCount - maxToShow);
-        } else if (newIndex < state.scrollOffset) {
-          newOffset = newIndex;
-        }
-      }
-      return { ...state, activeIndex: newIndex, scrollOffset: newOffset };
-    }
-    case 'MOVE_DOWN': {
-      const { itemCount, maxToShow } = action;
-      const totalSlots = itemCount + 2;
-      const newIndex =
-        state.activeIndex < totalSlots - 1 ? state.activeIndex + 1 : 0;
-      let newOffset = state.scrollOffset;
-
-      if (newIndex === 0) {
-        newOffset = 0;
-      } else if (
-        newIndex < itemCount &&
-        newIndex >= state.scrollOffset + maxToShow
+    case 'MOVE_ITEM': {
+      const currentIndex = state.orderedIds.indexOf(action.id);
+      const newIndex = currentIndex + action.direction;
+      if (
+        currentIndex === -1 ||
+        newIndex < 0 ||
+        newIndex >= state.orderedIds.length
       ) {
-        newOffset = newIndex - maxToShow + 1;
+        return state;
       }
-      return { ...state, activeIndex: newIndex, scrollOffset: newOffset };
-    }
-    case 'MOVE_LEFT':
-    case 'MOVE_RIGHT': {
-      const direction = action.type === 'MOVE_LEFT' ? -1 : 1;
-      const currentItem = action.items[state.activeIndex];
-      if (!currentItem) return state;
-
-      const currentId = currentItem.key;
-      const currentIndex = state.orderedIds.indexOf(currentId);
-      const newIndex = currentIndex + direction;
-
-      if (newIndex < 0 || newIndex >= state.orderedIds.length) return state;
-
       const newOrderedIds = [...state.orderedIds];
       [newOrderedIds[currentIndex], newOrderedIds[newIndex]] = [
         newOrderedIds[newIndex],
         newOrderedIds[currentIndex],
       ];
-
-      return { ...state, orderedIds: newOrderedIds, activeIndex: newIndex };
+      return { ...state, orderedIds: newOrderedIds };
     }
     case 'TOGGLE_ITEM': {
-      const isSystemFocused = state.activeIndex >= action.items.length;
-      if (isSystemFocused) return state;
-
-      const item = action.items[state.activeIndex];
-      if (!item) return state;
-
       const nextSelected = new Set(state.selectedIds);
-      if (nextSelected.has(item.key)) {
-        nextSelected.delete(item.key);
+      if (nextSelected.has(action.id)) {
+        nextSelected.delete(action.id);
       } else {
-        nextSelected.add(item.key);
+        nextSelected.add(action.id);
       }
       return { ...state, selectedIds: nextSelected };
     }
     case 'SET_STATE':
       return { ...state, ...action.payload };
-    case 'RESET_INDEX':
-      return { ...state, activeIndex: 0, scrollOffset: 0 };
     default:
       return state;
   }
@@ -127,40 +83,54 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
   onClose,
 }) => {
   const { settings, setSetting } = useSettingsStore();
-  const maxItemsToShow = 10;
+  const { constrainHeight, terminalHeight, staticExtraHeight } = useUIState();
+  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(footerConfigReducer, undefined, () =>
+    resolveFooterState(settings.merged),
+  );
 
-  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(footerConfigReducer, undefined, () => ({
-    ...resolveFooterState(settings.merged),
-    activeIndex: 0,
-    scrollOffset: 0,
-  }));
+  const { orderedIds, selectedIds } = state;
+  const [focusKey, setFocusKey] = useState<string | undefined>(orderedIds[0]);
 
-  const { orderedIds, selectedIds, activeIndex, scrollOffset } = state;
-
-  // Prepare items
-  const listItems = useMemo(
-    () =>
-      orderedIds
-        .map((id: string) => {
-          const item = ALL_ITEMS.find((i) => i.id === id);
-          if (!item) return null;
-          return {
+  const listItems = useMemo((): Array<SelectionListItem<FooterConfigItem>> => {
+    const items: Array<SelectionListItem<FooterConfigItem>> = orderedIds
+      .map((id: string) => {
+        const item = ALL_ITEMS.find((i) => i.id === id);
+        if (!item) return null;
+        return {
+          key: id,
+          value: {
             key: id,
+            id,
             label: item.id,
             description: item.description as string,
-          };
-        })
-        .filter((i): i is NonNullable<typeof i> => i !== null),
-    [orderedIds],
-  );
+            type: 'config' as const,
+          },
+        };
+      })
+      .filter((i): i is NonNullable<typeof i> => i !== null);
 
-  const maxLabelWidth = useMemo(
-    () => listItems.reduce((max, item) => Math.max(max, item.label.length), 0),
-    [listItems],
-  );
+    items.push({
+      key: 'show-labels',
+      value: {
+        key: 'show-labels',
+        id: 'show-labels',
+        label: 'Show footer labels',
+        type: 'labels-toggle',
+      },
+    });
 
-  const isResetFocused = activeIndex === listItems.length + 1;
-  const isShowLabelsFocused = activeIndex === listItems.length;
+    items.push({
+      key: 'reset',
+      value: {
+        key: 'reset',
+        id: 'reset',
+        label: 'Reset to default footer',
+        type: 'reset',
+      },
+    });
+
+    return items;
+  }, [orderedIds]);
 
   const handleSaveAndClose = useCallback(() => {
     const finalItems = orderedIds.filter((id: string) => selectedIds.has(id));
@@ -179,14 +149,9 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
 
   const handleResetToDefaults = useCallback(() => {
     setSetting(SettingScope.User, 'ui.footer.items', undefined);
-    dispatch({
-      type: 'SET_STATE',
-      payload: {
-        ...resolveFooterState(settings.merged),
-        activeIndex: 0,
-        scrollOffset: 0,
-      },
-    });
+    const newState = resolveFooterState(settings.merged);
+    dispatch({ type: 'SET_STATE', payload: newState });
+    setFocusKey(newState.orderedIds[0]);
   }, [setSetting, settings.merged]);
 
   const handleToggleLabels = useCallback(() => {
@@ -194,6 +159,23 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
     setSetting(SettingScope.User, 'ui.footer.showLabels', !current);
   }, [setSetting, settings.merged.ui.footer.showLabels]);
 
+  const handleSelect = useCallback(
+    (item: FooterConfigItem) => {
+      if (item.type === 'config') {
+        dispatch({ type: 'TOGGLE_ITEM', id: item.id });
+      } else if (item.type === 'labels-toggle') {
+        handleToggleLabels();
+      } else if (item.type === 'reset') {
+        handleResetToDefaults();
+      }
+    },
+    [handleResetToDefaults, handleToggleLabels],
+  );
+
+  const handleHighlight = useCallback((item: FooterConfigItem) => {
+    setFocusKey(item.key);
+  }, []);
+
   useKeypress(
     (key: Key) => {
       if (keyMatchers[Command.ESCAPE](key)) {
@@ -201,43 +183,18 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
         return true;
       }
 
-      if (keyMatchers[Command.DIALOG_NAVIGATION_UP](key)) {
-        dispatch({
-          type: 'MOVE_UP',
-          itemCount: listItems.length,
-          maxToShow: maxItemsToShow,
-        });
-        return true;
-      }
-
-      if (keyMatchers[Command.DIALOG_NAVIGATION_DOWN](key)) {
-        dispatch({
-          type: 'MOVE_DOWN',
-          itemCount: listItems.length,
-          maxToShow: maxItemsToShow,
-        });
-        return true;
-      }
-
       if (keyMatchers[Command.MOVE_LEFT](key)) {
-        dispatch({ type: 'MOVE_LEFT', items: listItems });
-        return true;
+        if (focusKey && orderedIds.includes(focusKey)) {
+          dispatch({ type: 'MOVE_ITEM', id: focusKey, direction: -1 });
+          return true;
+        }
       }
 
       if (keyMatchers[Command.MOVE_RIGHT](key)) {
-        dispatch({ type: 'MOVE_RIGHT', items: listItems });
-        return true;
-      }
-
-      if (keyMatchers[Command.RETURN](key) || key.name === 'space') {
-        if (isResetFocused) {
-          handleResetToDefaults();
-        } else if (isShowLabelsFocused) {
-          handleToggleLabels();
-        } else {
-          dispatch({ type: 'TOGGLE_ITEM', items: listItems });
+        if (focusKey && orderedIds.includes(focusKey)) {
+          dispatch({ type: 'MOVE_ITEM', id: focusKey, direction: 1 });
+          return true;
         }
-        return true;
       }
 
       return false;
@@ -245,17 +202,11 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
     { isActive: true, priority: true },
   );
 
-  const visibleItems = listItems.slice(
-    scrollOffset,
-    scrollOffset + maxItemsToShow,
-  );
-
-  const activeId = listItems[activeIndex]?.key;
   const showLabels = settings.merged.ui.footer.showLabels !== false;
 
   // Preview logic
   const previewContent = useMemo(() => {
-    if (isResetFocused) {
+    if (focusKey === 'reset') {
       return (
         <Text color={theme.ui.comment} italic>
           Default footer (uses legacy settings)
@@ -269,8 +220,9 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
     if (itemsToPreview.length === 0) return null;
 
     const itemColor = showLabels ? theme.text.primary : theme.ui.comment;
+
     const getColor = (id: string, defaultColor?: string) =>
-      id === activeId ? 'white' : defaultColor || itemColor;
+      defaultColor || itemColor;
 
     // Mock data for preview (headers come from ALL_ITEMS)
     const mockData: Record<string, React.ReactNode> = {
@@ -312,16 +264,43 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
         key: id,
         header: ALL_ITEMS.find((i) => i.id === id)?.header ?? id,
         element: mockData[id],
+        flexGrow: 1,
+        isFocused: id === focusKey,
       }));
 
     return (
-      <Box overflow="hidden" flexWrap="nowrap">
-        <Box flexShrink={0}>
-          <FooterRow items={rowItems} showLabels={showLabels} />
-        </Box>
+      <Box overflow="hidden" flexWrap="nowrap" width="100%">
+        <FooterRow items={rowItems} showLabels={showLabels} />
       </Box>
     );
-  }, [orderedIds, selectedIds, activeId, isResetFocused, showLabels]);
+  }, [orderedIds, selectedIds, focusKey, showLabels]);
+
+  const availableTerminalHeight = constrainHeight
+    ? terminalHeight - staticExtraHeight
+    : Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;
+
+  const BORDER_HEIGHT = 2; // Outer round border
+  const STATIC_ELEMENTS = 13; // Text, margins, preview box, dialog footer
+
+  // Default padding adds 2 lines (top and bottom)
+  let includePadding = true;
+  if (availableTerminalHeight < BORDER_HEIGHT + 2 + STATIC_ELEMENTS + 6) {
+    includePadding = false;
+  }
+
+  const effectivePaddingY = includePadding ? 2 : 0;
+  const availableListSpace = Math.max(
+    0,
+    availableTerminalHeight -
+      BORDER_HEIGHT -
+      effectivePaddingY -
+      STATIC_ELEMENTS,
+  );
+
+  const maxItemsToShow = Math.max(
+    1,
+    Math.min(listItems.length, Math.floor(availableListSpace / 2)),
+  );
 
   return (
     <Box
@@ -329,7 +308,7 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
       borderStyle="round"
       borderColor={theme.border.default}
       paddingX={2}
-      paddingY={1}
+      paddingY={includePadding ? 1 : 0}
       width="100%"
     >
       <Text bold>Configure Footer{'\n'}</Text>
@@ -337,59 +316,65 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
         Select which items to display in the footer.
       </Text>
 
-      <Box flexDirection="column" marginTop={1} minHeight={maxItemsToShow}>
-        {visibleItems.length === 0 ? (
-          <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>No items found.</Text>
-        ) : (
-          visibleItems.map((item, idx) => {
-            const index = scrollOffset + idx;
-            const isFocused = index === activeIndex;
-            const isChecked = selectedIds.has(item.key);
+      <Box flexDirection="column" marginTop={1} flexGrow={1}>
+        <BaseSelectionList<FooterConfigItem>
+          items={listItems}
+          onSelect={handleSelect}
+          onHighlight={handleHighlight}
+          focusKey={focusKey}
+          showNumbers={false}
+          maxItemsToShow={maxItemsToShow}
+          showScrollArrows={true}
+          selectedIndicator=">"
+          renderItem={(item, { isSelected, titleColor }) => {
+            const configItem = item.value;
+            const isChecked =
+              configItem.type === 'config'
+                ? selectedIds.has(configItem.id)
+                : configItem.type === 'labels-toggle'
+                  ? showLabels
+                  : false;
 
             return (
-              <Box key={item.key} flexDirection="row">
-                <Text color={isFocused ? theme.status.success : undefined}>
-                  {isFocused ? '> ' : '  '}
-                </Text>
-                <Text
-                  color={isFocused ? theme.status.success : theme.text.primary}
-                >
-                  [{isChecked ? '✓' : ' '}]{' '}
-                  {item.label.padEnd(maxLabelWidth + 1)}
-                </Text>
-                <Text color={theme.text.secondary}> {item.description}</Text>
+              <Box flexDirection="column" minHeight={2}>
+                <Box flexDirection="row">
+                  {configItem.type !== 'reset' && (
+                    <Text
+                      color={
+                        isChecked ? theme.status.success : theme.text.secondary
+                      }
+                    >
+                      [{isChecked ? '✓' : ' '}]
+                    </Text>
+                  )}
+                  <Text
+                    color={
+                      configItem.type === 'reset' && isSelected
+                        ? theme.status.warning
+                        : titleColor
+                    }
+                  >
+                    {configItem.type !== 'reset' ? ' ' : ''}
+                    {configItem.label}
+                  </Text>
+                </Box>
+                {configItem.description && (
+                  <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="wrap">
+                    {' '}
+                    {configItem.description}
+                  </Text>
+                )}
               </Box>
             );
-          })
-        )}
+          }}
+        />
       </Box>
 
-      <Box marginTop={1} flexDirection="column">
-        <Box flexDirection="row">
-          <Text color={isShowLabelsFocused ? theme.status.success : undefined}>
-            {isShowLabelsFocused ? '> ' : '  '}
-          </Text>
-          <Text color={isShowLabelsFocused ? theme.status.success : undefined}>
-            [{showLabels ? '✓' : ' '}] Show footer labels
-          </Text>
-        </Box>
-        <Box flexDirection="row">
-          <Text color={isResetFocused ? theme.status.warning : undefined}>
-            {isResetFocused ? '> ' : '  '}
-          </Text>
-          <Text
-            color={isResetFocused ? theme.status.warning : theme.text.secondary}
-          >
-            Reset to default footer
-          </Text>
-        </Box>
-      </Box>
-
-      <Box marginTop={1} flexDirection="column">
-        <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
-          ↑/↓ navigate · ←/→ reorder · enter/space select · esc close
-        </Text>
-      </Box>
+      <DialogFooter
+        primaryAction="Enter to select"
+        navigationActions="↑/↓ to navigate · ←/→ to reorder"
+        cancelAction="Esc to close"
+      />
 
       <Box
         marginTop={1}
@@ -399,7 +384,9 @@ export const FooterConfigDialog: React.FC<FooterConfigDialogProps> = ({
         flexDirection="column"
       >
         <Text bold>Preview:</Text>
-        <Box flexDirection="row">{previewContent}</Box>
+        <Box flexDirection="row" width="100%">
+          {previewContent}
+        </Box>
       </Box>
     </Box>
   );

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Help.test.tsx

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ describe('Help Component', () => {
     expect(output).toContain('Keyboard Shortcuts:');
     expect(output).toContain('Ctrl+C');
     expect(output).toContain('Ctrl+S');
-    expect(output).toContain('Page Up/Down');
+    expect(output).toContain('Page Up/Page Down');
     unmount();
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Help.tsx

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
 import { type SlashCommand, CommandKind } from '../commands/types.js';
 import { KEYBOARD_SHORTCUTS_URL } from '../constants.js';
 import { sanitizeForDisplay } from '../utils/textUtils.js';
+import { formatCommand } from '../utils/keybindingUtils.js';
+import { Command } from '../../config/keyBindings.js';
 
 interface Help {
   commands: readonly SlashCommand[];
@@ -116,75 +118,75 @@ export const Help: React.FC<Help> = ({ commands }) => (
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Alt+Left/Right
+        {formatCommand(Command.MOVE_WORD_LEFT)}/
+        {formatCommand(Command.MOVE_WORD_RIGHT)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Jump through words in the input
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Ctrl+C
+        {formatCommand(Command.QUIT)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Quit application
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        {process.platform === 'win32' ? 'Ctrl+Enter' : 'Ctrl+J'}
+        {formatCommand(Command.NEWLINE)}
       </Text>{' '}
-      {process.platform === 'linux'
-        ? '- New line (Alt+Enter works for certain linux distros)'
-        : '- New line'}
+      - New line
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Ctrl+L
+        {formatCommand(Command.CLEAR_SCREEN)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Clear the screen
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Ctrl+S
+        {formatCommand(Command.TOGGLE_COPY_MODE)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Enter selection mode to copy text
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Ctrl+X
+        {formatCommand(Command.OPEN_EXTERNAL_EDITOR)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Open input in external editor
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Ctrl+Y
+        {formatCommand(Command.TOGGLE_YOLO)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Toggle YOLO mode
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Enter
+        {formatCommand(Command.SUBMIT)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Send message
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Esc
+        {formatCommand(Command.ESCAPE)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Cancel operation / Clear input (double press)
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Page Up/Down
+        {formatCommand(Command.PAGE_UP)}/{formatCommand(Command.PAGE_DOWN)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Scroll page up/down
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Shift+Tab
+        {formatCommand(Command.CYCLE_APPROVAL_MODE)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Toggle auto-accepting edits
     </Text>
     <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
       <Text bold color={theme.text.accent}>
-        Up/Down
+        {formatCommand(Command.HISTORY_UP)}/
+        {formatCommand(Command.HISTORY_DOWN)}
       </Text>{' '}
       - Cycle through your prompt history
     </Text>

packages/cli/src/ui/components/HistoryItemDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -290,6 +290,26 @@ describe('<HistoryItemDisplay />', () => {
       unmount();
     });
 
+    it('renders "Thinking..." header when isFirstThinking is true', async () => {
+      const item: HistoryItem = {
+        ...baseItem,
+        type: 'thinking',
+        thought: { subject: 'Thinking', description: 'test' },
+      };
+      const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = renderWithProviders(
+        <HistoryItemDisplay {...baseItem} item={item} isFirstThinking={true} />,
+        {
+          settings: createMockSettings({
+            merged: { ui: { inlineThinkingMode: 'full' } },
+          }),
+        },
+      );
+      await waitUntilReady();
+
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain(' Thinking...');
+      expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+      unmount();
+    });
     it('does not render thinking item when disabled', async () => {
       const item: HistoryItem = {
         ...baseItem,

packages/cli/src/ui/components/HistoryItemDisplay.tsx

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ interface HistoryItemDisplayProps {
   commands?: readonly SlashCommand[];
   availableTerminalHeightGemini?: number;
   isExpandable?: boolean;
+  isFirstThinking?: boolean;
+  isFirstAfterThinking?: boolean;
 }
 
 export const HistoryItemDisplay: React.FC<HistoryItemDisplayProps> = ({
@@ -56,16 +58,30 @@ export const HistoryItemDisplay: React.FC<HistoryItemDisplayProps> = ({
   commands,
   availableTerminalHeightGemini,
   isExpandable,
+  isFirstThinking = false,
+  isFirstAfterThinking = false,
 }) => {
   const settings = useSettings();
   const inlineThinkingMode = getInlineThinkingMode(settings);
   const itemForDisplay = useMemo(() => escapeAnsiCtrlCodes(item), [item]);
 
+  const needsTopMarginAfterThinking =
+    isFirstAfterThinking && inlineThinkingMode !== 'off';
+
   return (
-    <Box flexDirection="column" key={itemForDisplay.id} width={terminalWidth}>
+    <Box
+      flexDirection="column"
+      key={itemForDisplay.id}
+      width={terminalWidth}
+      marginTop={needsTopMarginAfterThinking ? 1 : 0}
+    >
       {/* Render standard message types */}
       {itemForDisplay.type === 'thinking' && inlineThinkingMode !== 'off' && (
-        <ThinkingMessage thought={itemForDisplay.thought} />
+        <ThinkingMessage
+          thought={itemForDisplay.thought}
+          terminalWidth={terminalWidth}
+          isFirstThinking={isFirstThinking}
+        />
       )}
       {itemForDisplay.type === 'hint' && (
         <HintMessage text={itemForDisplay.text} />

packages/cli/src/ui/components/InputPrompt.test.tsx

@@ -1349,7 +1349,7 @@ describe('InputPrompt', () => {
   it('should autocomplete custom commands from .toml files on Enter', async () => {
     const customCommand: SlashCommand = {
       name: 'find-capital',
-      kind: CommandKind.FILE,
+      kind: CommandKind.USER_FILE,
       description: 'Find capital of a country',
       action: vi.fn(),
       // No autoExecute flag - custom commands default to undefined

packages/cli/src/ui/components/InputPrompt.tsx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import { HalfLinePaddedBox } from './shared/HalfLinePaddedBox.js';
 import {
   type TextBuffer,
   logicalPosToOffset,
-  PASTED_TEXT_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX,
+  expandPastePlaceholders,
   getTransformUnderCursor,
   LARGE_PASTE_LINE_THRESHOLD,
   LARGE_PASTE_CHAR_THRESHOLD,
@@ -346,10 +346,9 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
     (submittedValue: string) => {
       let processedValue = submittedValue;
       if (buffer.pastedContent) {
-        // Replace placeholders like [Pasted Text: 6 lines] with actual content
-        processedValue = processedValue.replace(
-          PASTED_TEXT_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX,
-          (match) => buffer.pastedContent[match] || match,
+        processedValue = expandPastePlaceholders(
+          processedValue,
+          buffer.pastedContent,
         );
       }
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/LoadingIndicator.test.tsx

@@ -258,13 +258,32 @@ describe('<LoadingIndicator />', () => {
     const output = lastFrame();
     expect(output).toBeDefined();
     if (output) {
-      expect(output).toContain('💬');
+      // Should NOT contain "Thinking... " prefix because the subject already starts with "Thinking"
+      expect(output).not.toContain('Thinking... Thinking');
       expect(output).toContain('Thinking about something...');
       expect(output).not.toContain('and other stuff.');
     }
     unmount();
   });
 
+  it('should prepend "Thinking... " if the subject does not start with "Thinking"', async () => {
+    const props = {
+      thought: {
+        subject: 'Planning the response...',
+        description: 'details',
+      },
+      elapsedTime: 5,
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, unmount, waitUntilReady } = renderWithContext(
+      <LoadingIndicator {...props} />,
+      StreamingState.Responding,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Thinking... Planning the response...');
+    unmount();
+  });
+
   it('should prioritize thought.subject over currentLoadingPhrase', async () => {
     const props = {
       thought: {
@@ -280,13 +299,13 @@ describe('<LoadingIndicator />', () => {
     );
     await waitUntilReady();
     const output = lastFrame();
-    expect(output).toContain('💬');
+    expect(output).toContain('Thinking... ');
     expect(output).toContain('This should be displayed');
     expect(output).not.toContain('This should not be displayed');
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('should not display thought icon for non-thought loading phrases', async () => {
+  it('should not display thought indicator for non-thought loading phrases', async () => {
     const { lastFrame, unmount, waitUntilReady } = renderWithContext(
       <LoadingIndicator
         currentLoadingPhrase="some random tip..."
@@ -295,7 +314,7 @@ describe('<LoadingIndicator />', () => {
       StreamingState.Responding,
     );
     await waitUntilReady();
-    expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('💬');
+    expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('Thinking... ');
     unmount();
   });
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/LoadingIndicator.tsx

@@ -58,7 +58,11 @@ export const LoadingIndicator: React.FC<LoadingIndicatorProps> = ({
   const hasThoughtIndicator =
     currentLoadingPhrase !== INTERACTIVE_SHELL_WAITING_PHRASE &&
     Boolean(thought?.subject?.trim());
-  const thinkingIndicator = hasThoughtIndicator ? '💬 ' : '';
+  // Avoid "Thinking... Thinking..." duplication if primaryText already starts with "Thinking"
+  const thinkingIndicator =
+    hasThoughtIndicator && !primaryText?.startsWith('Thinking')
+      ? 'Thinking... '
+      : '';
 
   const cancelAndTimerContent =
     showCancelAndTimer &&

packages/cli/src/ui/components/MainContent.test.tsx

@@ -22,17 +22,19 @@ import { CoreToolCallStatus } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { type IndividualToolCallDisplay } from '../types.js';
 
 // Mock dependencies
+const mockUseSettings = vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
+  merged: {
+    ui: {
+      inlineThinkingMode: 'off',
+    },
+  },
+});
+
 vi.mock('../contexts/SettingsContext.js', async () => {
   const actual = await vi.importActual('../contexts/SettingsContext.js');
   return {
     ...actual,
-    useSettings: () => ({
-      merged: {
-        ui: {
-          inlineThinkingMode: 'off',
-        },
-      },
-    }),
+    useSettings: () => mockUseSettings(),
   };
 });
 
@@ -333,6 +335,13 @@ describe('MainContent', () => {
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.mocked(useAlternateBuffer).mockReturnValue(false);
+    mockUseSettings.mockReturnValue({
+      merged: {
+        ui: {
+          inlineThinkingMode: 'off',
+        },
+      },
+    });
   });
 
   afterEach(() => {
@@ -570,6 +579,64 @@ describe('MainContent', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
+  it('renders multiple thinking messages sequentially correctly', async () => {
+    mockUseSettings.mockReturnValue({
+      merged: {
+        ui: {
+          inlineThinkingMode: 'expanded',
+        },
+      },
+    });
+    vi.mocked(useAlternateBuffer).mockReturnValue(true);
+
+    const uiState = {
+      ...defaultMockUiState,
+      history: [
+        { id: 0, type: 'user' as const, text: 'Plan a solution' },
+        {
+          id: 1,
+          type: 'thinking' as const,
+          thought: {
+            subject: 'Initial analysis',
+            description:
+              'This is a multiple line paragraph for the first thinking message of how the model analyzes the problem.',
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          id: 2,
+          type: 'thinking' as const,
+          thought: {
+            subject: 'Planning execution',
+            description:
+              'This a second multiple line paragraph for the second thinking message explaining the plan in detail so that it wraps around the terminal display.',
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          id: 3,
+          type: 'thinking' as const,
+          thought: {
+            subject: 'Refining approach',
+            description:
+              'And finally a third multiple line paragraph for the third thinking message to refine the solution.',
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+
+    const renderResult = renderWithProviders(<MainContent />, {
+      uiState: uiState as Partial<UIState>,
+    });
+    await renderResult.waitUntilReady();
+
+    const output = renderResult.lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Initial analysis');
+    expect(output).toContain('Planning execution');
+    expect(output).toContain('Refining approach');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+    await expect(renderResult).toMatchSvgSnapshot();
+    renderResult.unmount();
+  });
+
   describe('MainContent Tool Output Height Logic', () => {
     const testCases = [
       {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/MainContent.tsx

@@ -62,11 +62,31 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
     return -1;
   }, [uiState.history]);
 
+  const augmentedHistory = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      uiState.history.map((item, index) => {
+        const isExpandable = index > lastUserPromptIndex;
+        const prevType =
+          index > 0 ? uiState.history[index - 1]?.type : undefined;
+        const isFirstThinking =
+          item.type === 'thinking' && prevType !== 'thinking';
+        const isFirstAfterThinking =
+          item.type !== 'thinking' && prevType === 'thinking';
+
+        return {
+          item,
+          isExpandable,
+          isFirstThinking,
+          isFirstAfterThinking,
+        };
+      }),
+    [uiState.history, lastUserPromptIndex],
+  );
+
   const historyItems = useMemo(
     () =>
-      uiState.history.map((h, index) => {
-        const isExpandable = index > lastUserPromptIndex;
-        return (
+      augmentedHistory.map(
+        ({ item, isExpandable, isFirstThinking, isFirstAfterThinking }) => (
           <MemoizedHistoryItemDisplay
             terminalWidth={mainAreaWidth}
             availableTerminalHeight={
@@ -75,21 +95,22 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
                 : undefined
             }
             availableTerminalHeightGemini={MAX_GEMINI_MESSAGE_LINES}
-            key={h.id}
-            item={h}
+            key={item.id}
+            item={item}
             isPending={false}
             commands={uiState.slashCommands}
             isExpandable={isExpandable}
+            isFirstThinking={isFirstThinking}
+            isFirstAfterThinking={isFirstAfterThinking}
           />
-        );
-      }),
+        ),
+      ),
     [
-      uiState.history,
+      augmentedHistory,
       mainAreaWidth,
       staticAreaMaxItemHeight,
       uiState.slashCommands,
       uiState.constrainHeight,
-      lastUserPromptIndex,
     ],
   );
 
@@ -106,18 +127,31 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
   const pendingItems = useMemo(
     () => (
       <Box flexDirection="column">
-        {pendingHistoryItems.map((item, i) => (
-          <HistoryItemDisplay
-            key={i}
-            availableTerminalHeight={
-              uiState.constrainHeight ? staticAreaMaxItemHeight : undefined
-            }
-            terminalWidth={mainAreaWidth}
-            item={{ ...item, id: 0 }}
-            isPending={true}
-            isExpandable={true}
-          />
-        ))}
+        {pendingHistoryItems.map((item, i) => {
+          const prevType =
+            i === 0
+              ? uiState.history.at(-1)?.type
+              : pendingHistoryItems[i - 1]?.type;
+          const isFirstThinking =
+            item.type === 'thinking' && prevType !== 'thinking';
+          const isFirstAfterThinking =
+            item.type !== 'thinking' && prevType === 'thinking';
+
+          return (
+            <HistoryItemDisplay
+              key={i}
+              availableTerminalHeight={
+                uiState.constrainHeight ? staticAreaMaxItemHeight : undefined
+              }
+              terminalWidth={mainAreaWidth}
+              item={{ ...item, id: 0 }}
+              isPending={true}
+              isExpandable={true}
+              isFirstThinking={isFirstThinking}
+              isFirstAfterThinking={isFirstAfterThinking}
+            />
+          );
+        })}
         {showConfirmationQueue && confirmingTool && (
           <ToolConfirmationQueue confirmingTool={confirmingTool} />
         )}
@@ -130,20 +164,25 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
       mainAreaWidth,
       showConfirmationQueue,
       confirmingTool,
+      uiState.history,
     ],
   );
 
   const virtualizedData = useMemo(
     () => [
       { type: 'header' as const },
-      ...uiState.history.map((item, index) => ({
-        type: 'history' as const,
-        item,
-        isExpandable: index > lastUserPromptIndex,
-      })),
+      ...augmentedHistory.map(
+        ({ item, isExpandable, isFirstThinking, isFirstAfterThinking }) => ({
+          type: 'history' as const,
+          item,
+          isExpandable,
+          isFirstThinking,
+          isFirstAfterThinking,
+        }),
+      ),
       { type: 'pending' as const },
     ],
-    [uiState.history, lastUserPromptIndex],
+    [augmentedHistory],
   );
 
   const renderItem = useCallback(
@@ -171,6 +210,8 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
             isPending={false}
             commands={uiState.slashCommands}
             isExpandable={item.isExpandable}
+            isFirstThinking={item.isFirstThinking}
+            isFirstAfterThinking={item.isFirstAfterThinking}
           />
         );
       } else {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/QuotaDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -5,10 +5,20 @@
  */
 
 import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
-import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest';
 import { QuotaDisplay } from './QuotaDisplay.js';
 
 describe('QuotaDisplay', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.stubEnv('TZ', 'America/Los_Angeles');
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    vi.setSystemTime(new Date('2026-03-02T20:29:00.000Z'));
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+    vi.unstubAllEnvs();
+  });
   it('should not render when remaining is undefined', async () => {
     const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = render(
       <QuotaDisplay remaining={undefined} limit={100} />,
@@ -36,7 +46,7 @@ describe('QuotaDisplay', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('should not render when usage > 20%', async () => {
+  it('should not render when usage < 80%', async () => {
     const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = render(
       <QuotaDisplay remaining={85} limit={100} />,
     );
@@ -45,7 +55,7 @@ describe('QuotaDisplay', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('should render yellow when usage < 20%', async () => {
+  it('should render warning when used >= 80%', async () => {
     const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = render(
       <QuotaDisplay remaining={15} limit={100} />,
     );
@@ -54,7 +64,7 @@ describe('QuotaDisplay', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('should render red when usage < 5%', async () => {
+  it('should render critical when used >= 95%', async () => {
     const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = render(
       <QuotaDisplay remaining={4} limit={100} />,
     );

packages/cli/src/ui/components/QuotaDisplay.tsx

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 import type React from 'react';
 import { Text } from 'ink';
 import {
-  getStatusColor,
-  QUOTA_THRESHOLD_HIGH,
-  QUOTA_THRESHOLD_MEDIUM,
+  getUsedStatusColor,
+  QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+  QUOTA_USED_CRITICAL_THRESHOLD,
 } from '../utils/displayUtils.js';
 import { formatResetTime } from '../utils/formatters.js';
 
@@ -34,32 +34,36 @@ export const QuotaDisplay: React.FC<QuotaDisplayProps> = ({
     return null;
   }
 
-  const percentage = (remaining / limit) * 100;
+  const usedPercentage = 100 - (remaining / limit) * 100;
 
-  if (!forceShow && percentage > QUOTA_THRESHOLD_HIGH) {
+  if (!forceShow && usedPercentage < QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD) {
     return null;
   }
 
-  const color = getStatusColor(percentage, {
-    green: QUOTA_THRESHOLD_HIGH,
-    yellow: QUOTA_THRESHOLD_MEDIUM,
+  const color = getUsedStatusColor(usedPercentage, {
+    warning: QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+    critical: QUOTA_USED_CRITICAL_THRESHOLD,
   });
 
-  const resetInfo =
-    !terse && resetTime ? `, ${formatResetTime(resetTime)}` : '';
-
+  let text: string;
   if (remaining === 0) {
-    let text = terse
-      ? 'Limit reached'
-      : `/stats Limit reached${resetInfo}${!terse && '. /auth to continue.'}`;
-    if (lowercase) text = text.toLowerCase();
-    return <Text color={color}>{text}</Text>;
+    const resetMsg = resetTime
+      ? `, resets in ${formatResetTime(resetTime, 'terse')}`
+      : '';
+    text = terse ? 'Limit reached' : `Limit reached${resetMsg}`;
+  } else {
+    text = terse
+      ? `${usedPercentage.toFixed(0)}%`
+      : `${usedPercentage.toFixed(0)}% used${
+          resetTime
+            ? ` (Limit resets in ${formatResetTime(resetTime, 'terse')})`
+            : ''
+        }`;
   }
 
-  let text = terse
-    ? `${percentage.toFixed(0)}%`
-    : `/stats ${percentage.toFixed(0)}% usage remaining${resetInfo}`;
-  if (lowercase) text = text.toLowerCase();
+  if (lowercase) {
+    text = text.toLowerCase();
+  }
 
   return <Text color={color}>{text}</Text>;
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/components/QuotaStatsInfo.tsx

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
 import { formatResetTime } from '../utils/formatters.js';
 import {
-  getStatusColor,
-  QUOTA_THRESHOLD_HIGH,
-  QUOTA_THRESHOLD_MEDIUM,
+  getUsedStatusColor,
+  QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+  QUOTA_USED_CRITICAL_THRESHOLD,
 } from '../utils/displayUtils.js';
 
 interface QuotaStatsInfoProps {
@@ -31,19 +31,26 @@ export const QuotaStatsInfo: React.FC<QuotaStatsInfoProps> = ({
     return null;
   }
 
-  const percentage = (remaining / limit) * 100;
-  const color = getStatusColor(percentage, {
-    green: QUOTA_THRESHOLD_HIGH,
-    yellow: QUOTA_THRESHOLD_MEDIUM,
+  const usedPercentage = 100 - (remaining / limit) * 100;
+  const color = getUsedStatusColor(usedPercentage, {
+    warning: QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+    critical: QUOTA_USED_CRITICAL_THRESHOLD,
   });
 
   return (
     <Box flexDirection="column" marginTop={0} marginBottom={0}>
       <Text color={color}>
         {remaining === 0
-          ? `Limit reached`
-          : `${percentage.toFixed(0)}% usage remaining`}
-        {resetTime && `, ${formatResetTime(resetTime)}`}
+          ? `Limit reached${
+              resetTime
+                ? `, resets in ${formatResetTime(resetTime, 'terse')}`
+                : ''
+            }`
+          : `${usedPercentage.toFixed(0)}% used${
+              resetTime
+                ? ` (Limit resets in ${formatResetTime(resetTime, 'terse')})`
+                : ''
+            }`}
       </Text>
       {showDetails && (
         <>

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RawMarkdownIndicator.test.tsx

@@ -6,15 +6,18 @@
 
 import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { RawMarkdownIndicator } from './RawMarkdownIndicator.js';
-import { describe, it, expect, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { describe, it, expect, afterEach, beforeEach, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 describe('RawMarkdownIndicator', () => {
   const originalPlatform = process.platform;
 
+  beforeEach(() => vi.stubEnv('FORCE_GENERIC_KEYBINDING_HINTS', ''));
+
   afterEach(() => {
     Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', {
       value: originalPlatform,
     });
+    vi.unstubAllEnvs();
   });
 
   it('renders correct key binding for darwin', async () => {
@@ -26,7 +29,7 @@ describe('RawMarkdownIndicator', () => {
     );
     await waitUntilReady();
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('raw markdown mode');
-    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('option+m to toggle');
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Option+M to toggle');
     unmount();
   });
 
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@ describe('RawMarkdownIndicator', () => {
     );
     await waitUntilReady();
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('raw markdown mode');
-    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('alt+m to toggle');
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Alt+M to toggle');
     unmount();
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RawMarkdownIndicator.tsx

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@
 import type React from 'react';
 import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
+import { formatCommand } from '../utils/keybindingUtils.js';
+import { Command } from '../../config/keyBindings.js';
 
 export const RawMarkdownIndicator: React.FC = () => {
-  const modKey = process.platform === 'darwin' ? 'option+m' : 'alt+m';
+  const modKey = formatCommand(Command.TOGGLE_MARKDOWN);
   return (
     <Box>
       <Text>

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RewindConfirmation.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
+import { Box, Text, useIsScreenReaderEnabled } from 'ink';
 import type React from 'react';
 import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ export const RewindConfirmation: React.FC<RewindConfirmationProps> = ({
   terminalWidth,
   timestamp,
 }) => {
+  const isScreenReaderEnabled = useIsScreenReaderEnabled();
   useKeypress(
     (key) => {
       if (keyMatchers[Command.ESCAPE](key)) {
@@ -83,6 +84,53 @@ export const RewindConfirmation: React.FC<RewindConfirmationProps> = ({
         option.value !== RewindOutcome.RevertOnly,
     );
   }, [stats]);
+  if (isScreenReaderEnabled) {
+    return (
+      <Box flexDirection="column" width={terminalWidth}>
+        <Text bold>Confirm Rewind</Text>
+
+        {stats && (
+          <Box flexDirection="column">
+            <Text>
+              {stats.fileCount === 1
+                ? `File: ${stats.details?.at(0)?.fileName}`
+                : `${stats.fileCount} files affected`}
+            </Text>
+            <Text>Lines added: {stats.addedLines}</Text>
+            <Text>Lines removed: {stats.removedLines}</Text>
+            {timestamp && <Text>({formatTimeAgo(timestamp)})</Text>}
+            <Text>
+              Note: Rewinding does not affect files edited manually or by the
+              shell tool.
+            </Text>
+          </Box>
+        )}
+
+        {!stats && (
+          <Box>
+            <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>No code changes to revert.</Text>
+            {timestamp && (
+              <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+                {' '}
+                ({formatTimeAgo(timestamp)})
+              </Text>
+            )}
+          </Box>
+        )}
+
+        <Text>Select an action:</Text>
+        <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+          Use arrow keys to navigate, Enter to confirm, Esc to cancel.
+        </Text>
+
+        <RadioButtonSelect
+          items={options}
+          onSelect={handleSelect}
+          isFocused={true}
+        />
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
 
   return (
     <Box

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RewindViewer.test.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import { describe, it, expect, vi, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, afterEach, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
 import { act } from 'react';
 import { renderWithProviders } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { RewindViewer } from './RewindViewer.js';
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ import type {
   MessageRecord,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
+vi.mock('ink', async () => {
+  const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import('ink')>('ink');
+  return { ...actual, useIsScreenReaderEnabled: vi.fn(() => false) };
+});
+
 vi.mock('./CliSpinner.js', () => ({
   CliSpinner: () => 'MockSpinner',
 }));
@@ -71,6 +76,35 @@ describe('RewindViewer', () => {
     vi.restoreAllMocks();
   });
 
+  describe('Screen Reader Accessibility', () => {
+    beforeEach(async () => {
+      const { useIsScreenReaderEnabled } = await import('ink');
+      vi.mocked(useIsScreenReaderEnabled).mockReturnValue(true);
+    });
+
+    afterEach(async () => {
+      const { useIsScreenReaderEnabled } = await import('ink');
+      vi.mocked(useIsScreenReaderEnabled).mockReturnValue(false);
+    });
+
+    it('renders the rewind viewer with conversation items', async () => {
+      const conversation = createConversation([
+        { type: 'user', content: 'Hello', id: '1', timestamp: '1' },
+      ]);
+      const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = renderWithProviders(
+        <RewindViewer
+          conversation={conversation}
+          onExit={vi.fn()}
+          onRewind={vi.fn()}
+        />,
+      );
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Rewind');
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Hello');
+      unmount();
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('Rendering', () => {
     it.each([
       { name: 'nothing interesting for empty conversation', messages: [] },
@@ -400,3 +434,31 @@ describe('RewindViewer', () => {
     unmount2();
   });
 });
+it('renders accessible screen reader view when screen reader is enabled', async () => {
+  const { useIsScreenReaderEnabled } = await import('ink');
+  vi.mocked(useIsScreenReaderEnabled).mockReturnValue(true);
+
+  const messages: MessageRecord[] = [
+    { type: 'user', content: 'Hello world', id: '1', timestamp: '1' },
+    { type: 'user', content: 'Second message', id: '2', timestamp: '2' },
+  ];
+  const conversation = createConversation(messages);
+  const onExit = vi.fn();
+  const onRewind = vi.fn();
+
+  const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = renderWithProviders(
+    <RewindViewer
+      conversation={conversation}
+      onExit={onExit}
+      onRewind={onRewind}
+    />,
+  );
+  await waitUntilReady();
+
+  const frame = lastFrame();
+  expect(frame).toContain('Rewind - Select a conversation point:');
+  expect(frame).toContain('Stay at current position');
+
+  vi.mocked(useIsScreenReaderEnabled).mockReturnValue(false);
+  unmount();
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RewindViewer.tsx

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 import type React from 'react';
 import { useMemo, useState } from 'react';
-import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
+import { Box, Text, useIsScreenReaderEnabled } from 'ink';
 import { useUIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import {
   type ConversationRecord,
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
 }) => {
   const [isRewinding, setIsRewinding] = useState(false);
   const { terminalWidth, terminalHeight } = useUIState();
+  const isScreenReaderEnabled = useIsScreenReaderEnabled();
   const {
     selectedMessageId,
     getStats,
@@ -128,7 +129,6 @@ export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
     5,
     terminalHeight - DIALOG_PADDING - HEADER_HEIGHT - CONTROLS_HEIGHT - 2,
   );
-
   const maxItemsToShow = Math.max(1, Math.floor(listHeight / 4));
 
   if (selectedMessageId) {
@@ -182,6 +182,41 @@ export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
     );
   }
 
+  if (isScreenReaderEnabled) {
+    return (
+      <Box flexDirection="column" width={terminalWidth}>
+        <Text bold>Rewind - Select a conversation point:</Text>
+        <BaseSelectionList
+          items={items}
+          initialIndex={items.length - 1}
+          isFocused={true}
+          showNumbers={true}
+          wrapAround={false}
+          onSelect={(item: MessageRecord) => {
+            if (item?.id) {
+              if (item.id === 'current-position') {
+                onExit();
+              } else {
+                selectMessage(item.id);
+              }
+            }
+          }}
+          renderItem={(itemWrapper) => {
+            const item = itemWrapper.value;
+            const text =
+              item.id === 'current-position'
+                ? 'Stay at current position'
+                : getCleanedRewindText(item);
+            return <Text>{text}</Text>;
+          }}
+        />
+        <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+          Press Esc to exit, Enter to select, arrow keys to navigate.
+        </Text>
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
+
   return (
     <Box
       borderStyle="round"

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ShortcutsHelp.test.tsx

@@ -4,17 +4,20 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import { describe, it, expect, afterEach, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { describe, it, expect, afterEach, beforeEach, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { renderWithProviders } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { ShortcutsHelp } from './ShortcutsHelp.js';
 
 describe('ShortcutsHelp', () => {
   const originalPlatform = process.platform;
 
+  beforeEach(() => vi.stubEnv('FORCE_GENERIC_KEYBINDING_HINTS', ''));
+
   afterEach(() => {
     Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', {
       value: originalPlatform,
     });
+    vi.unstubAllEnvs();
     vi.restoreAllMocks();
   });
 
@@ -52,10 +55,10 @@ describe('ShortcutsHelp', () => {
     },
   );
 
-  it('always shows Tab Tab focus UI shortcut', async () => {
+  it('always shows Tab focus UI shortcut', async () => {
     const rendered = renderWithProviders(<ShortcutsHelp />);
     await rendered.waitUntilReady();
-    expect(rendered.lastFrame()).toContain('Tab Tab');
+    expect(rendered.lastFrame()).toContain('Tab focus UI');
     rendered.unmount();
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ShortcutsHelp.tsx

@@ -10,29 +10,41 @@ import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
 import { isNarrowWidth } from '../utils/isNarrowWidth.js';
 import { SectionHeader } from './shared/SectionHeader.js';
 import { useUIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
+import { Command } from '../../config/keyBindings.js';
+import { formatCommand } from '../utils/keybindingUtils.js';
 
 type ShortcutItem = {
   key: string;
   description: string;
 };
 
-const buildShortcutItems = (): ShortcutItem[] => {
-  const isMac = process.platform === 'darwin';
-  const altLabel = isMac ? 'Option' : 'Alt';
-
-  return [
-    { key: '!', description: 'shell mode' },
-    { key: '@', description: 'select file or folder' },
-    { key: 'Esc Esc', description: 'clear & rewind' },
-    { key: 'Tab Tab', description: 'focus UI' },
-    { key: 'Ctrl+Y', description: 'YOLO mode' },
-    { key: 'Shift+Tab', description: 'cycle mode' },
-    { key: 'Ctrl+V', description: 'paste images' },
-    { key: `${altLabel}+M`, description: 'raw markdown mode' },
-    { key: 'Ctrl+R', description: 'reverse-search history' },
-    { key: 'Ctrl+X', description: 'open external editor' },
-  ];
-};
+const buildShortcutItems = (): ShortcutItem[] => [
+  { key: '!', description: 'shell mode' },
+  { key: '@', description: 'select file or folder' },
+  { key: formatCommand(Command.REWIND), description: 'clear & rewind' },
+  { key: formatCommand(Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT), description: 'focus UI' },
+  { key: formatCommand(Command.TOGGLE_YOLO), description: 'YOLO mode' },
+  {
+    key: formatCommand(Command.CYCLE_APPROVAL_MODE),
+    description: 'cycle mode',
+  },
+  {
+    key: formatCommand(Command.PASTE_CLIPBOARD),
+    description: 'paste images',
+  },
+  {
+    key: formatCommand(Command.TOGGLE_MARKDOWN),
+    description: 'raw markdown mode',
+  },
+  {
+    key: formatCommand(Command.REVERSE_SEARCH),
+    description: 'reverse-search history',
+  },
+  {
+    key: formatCommand(Command.OPEN_EXTERNAL_EDITOR),
+    description: 'open external editor',
+  },
+];
 
 const Shortcut: React.FC<{ item: ShortcutItem }> = ({ item }) => (
   <Box flexDirection="row">

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ShowMoreLines.test.tsx

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe('ShowMoreLines', () => {
     },
   );
 
-  it('renders nothing in STANDARD mode even if overflowing', async () => {
+  it('renders message in STANDARD mode when overflowing', async () => {
     mockUseAlternateBuffer.mockReturnValue(false);
     mockUseOverflowState.mockReturnValue({
       overflowingIds: new Set(['1']),
@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ describe('ShowMoreLines', () => {
       <ShowMoreLines constrainHeight={true} />,
     );
     await waitUntilReady();
-    expect(lastFrame({ allowEmpty: true })).toBe('');
+    expect(lastFrame().toLowerCase()).toContain(
+      'press ctrl+o to show more lines',
+    );
     unmount();
   });
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ShowMoreLines.tsx

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import { useOverflowState } from '../contexts/OverflowContext.js';
 import { useStreamingContext } from '../contexts/StreamingContext.js';
 import { StreamingState } from '../types.js';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
-import { useAlternateBuffer } from '../hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
 
 interface ShowMoreLinesProps {
   constrainHeight: boolean;
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@ export const ShowMoreLines = ({
   constrainHeight,
   isOverflowing: isOverflowingProp,
 }: ShowMoreLinesProps) => {
-  const isAlternateBuffer = useAlternateBuffer();
   const overflowState = useOverflowState();
   const streamingState = useStreamingContext();
 
@@ -29,7 +27,6 @@ export const ShowMoreLines = ({
     (overflowState !== undefined && overflowState.overflowingIds.size > 0);
 
   if (
-    !isAlternateBuffer ||
     !isOverflowing ||
     !constrainHeight ||
     !(

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ShowMoreLinesLayout.test.tsx

@@ -64,4 +64,32 @@ describe('ShowMoreLines layout and padding', () => {
 
     unmount();
   });
+
+  it('renders in Standard mode as well', async () => {
+    mockUseAlternateBuffer.mockReturnValue(false); // Standard mode
+
+    const TestComponent = () => (
+      <Box flexDirection="column">
+        <Text>Top</Text>
+        <ShowMoreLines constrainHeight={true} />
+        <Text>Bottom</Text>
+      </Box>
+    );
+
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } = render(<TestComponent />);
+    await waitUntilReady();
+
+    const output = lastFrame({ allowEmpty: true });
+    const lines = output.split('\n');
+
+    expect(lines).toEqual([
+      'Top',
+      ' Press Ctrl+O to show more lines',
+      '',
+      'Bottom',
+      '',
+    ]);
+
+    unmount();
+  });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/StatsDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -68,6 +68,14 @@ const createTestMetrics = (
 });
 
 describe('<StatsDisplay />', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.stubEnv('TZ', 'UTC');
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.unstubAllEnvs();
+  });
+
   it('renders only the Performance section in its zero state', async () => {
     const zeroMetrics = createTestMetrics();
 
@@ -465,9 +473,9 @@ describe('<StatsDisplay />', () => {
       await waitUntilReady();
       const output = lastFrame();
 
-      expect(output).toContain('Usage remaining');
-      expect(output).toContain('75.0%');
-      expect(output).toContain('resets in 1h 30m');
+      expect(output).toContain('Model usage');
+      expect(output).toContain('25%');
+      expect(output).toContain('Usage resets');
       expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
 
       vi.useRealTimers();
@@ -521,8 +529,8 @@ describe('<StatsDisplay />', () => {
       await waitUntilReady();
       const output = lastFrame();
 
-      // (10 + 700) / (100 + 1000) = 710 / 1100 = 64.5%
-      expect(output).toContain('65% usage remaining');
+      // (1 - 710/1100) * 100 = 35.5%
+      expect(output).toContain('35%');
       expect(output).toContain('Usage limit: 1,100');
       expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
 
@@ -571,8 +579,8 @@ describe('<StatsDisplay />', () => {
 
       expect(output).toContain('gemini-2.5-flash');
       expect(output).toContain('-'); // for requests
-      expect(output).toContain('50.0%');
-      expect(output).toContain('resets in 2h');
+      expect(output).toContain('50%');
+      expect(output).toContain('Usage resets');
       expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
 
       vi.useRealTimers();

packages/cli/src/ui/components/StatsDisplay.tsx

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import type React from 'react';
-import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
+import { Box, Text, useStdout } from 'ink';
 import { ThemedGradient } from './ThemedGradient.js';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
 import { formatDuration, formatResetTime } from '../utils/formatters.js';
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ import {
   USER_AGREEMENT_RATE_MEDIUM,
   CACHE_EFFICIENCY_HIGH,
   CACHE_EFFICIENCY_MEDIUM,
+  getUsedStatusColor,
+  QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+  QUOTA_USED_CRITICAL_THRESHOLD,
 } from '../utils/displayUtils.js';
 import { computeSessionStats } from '../utils/computeStats.js';
 import {
@@ -155,6 +158,8 @@ const ModelUsageTable: React.FC<{
   useGemini3_1,
   useCustomToolModel,
 }) => {
+  const { stdout } = useStdout();
+  const terminalWidth = stdout?.columns ?? 84;
   const rows = buildModelRows(models, quotas, useGemini3_1, useCustomToolModel);
 
   if (rows.length === 0) {
@@ -163,12 +168,47 @@ const ModelUsageTable: React.FC<{
 
   const showQuotaColumn = !!quotas && rows.some((row) => !!row.bucket);
 
-  const nameWidth = 25;
-  const requestsWidth = 7;
+  const nameWidth = 23;
+  const requestsWidth = 5;
   const uncachedWidth = 15;
   const cachedWidth = 14;
   const outputTokensWidth = 15;
-  const usageLimitWidth = showQuotaColumn ? 28 : 0;
+  const percentageWidth = showQuotaColumn ? 6 : 0;
+  const resetWidth = 22;
+
+  // Total width of other columns (including parent box paddingX={2})
+  const fixedWidth = nameWidth + requestsWidth + percentageWidth + resetWidth;
+  const outerPadding = 4;
+  const availableForUsage = terminalWidth - outerPadding - fixedWidth;
+
+  const usageLimitWidth = showQuotaColumn
+    ? Math.max(10, Math.min(24, availableForUsage))
+    : 0;
+  const progressBarWidth = Math.max(2, usageLimitWidth - 4);
+
+  const renderProgressBar = (
+    usedFraction: number,
+    color: string,
+    totalSteps = 20,
+  ) => {
+    let filledSteps = Math.round(usedFraction * totalSteps);
+
+    // If something is used (fraction > 0) but rounds to 0, show 1 tick.
+    // If < 100% (fraction < 1) but rounds to 20, show 19 ticks.
+    if (usedFraction > 0 && usedFraction < 1) {
+      filledSteps = Math.min(Math.max(filledSteps, 1), totalSteps - 1);
+    }
+
+    const emptySteps = Math.max(0, totalSteps - filledSteps);
+    return (
+      <Box flexDirection="row" flexShrink={0}>
+        <Text wrap="truncate-end">
+          <Text color={color}>{'▬'.repeat(filledSteps)}</Text>
+          <Text color={theme.border.default}>{'▬'.repeat(emptySteps)}</Text>
+        </Text>
+      </Box>
+    );
+  };
 
   const cacheEfficiencyColor = getStatusColor(cacheEfficiency, {
     green: CACHE_EFFICIENCY_HIGH,
@@ -179,25 +219,13 @@ const ModelUsageTable: React.FC<{
     nameWidth +
     requestsWidth +
     (showQuotaColumn
-      ? usageLimitWidth
+      ? usageLimitWidth + percentageWidth + resetWidth
       : uncachedWidth + cachedWidth + outputTokensWidth);
 
   const isAuto = currentModel && isAutoModel(currentModel);
-  const modelUsageTitle = isAuto
-    ? `${getDisplayString(currentModel)} Usage`
-    : `Model Usage`;
 
   return (
     <Box flexDirection="column" marginBottom={1}>
-      {/* Header */}
-      <Box alignItems="flex-end">
-        <Box width={nameWidth}>
-          <Text bold color={theme.text.primary} wrap="truncate-end">
-            {modelUsageTitle}
-          </Text>
-        </Box>
-      </Box>
-
       {isAuto &&
         showQuotaColumn &&
         pooledRemaining !== undefined &&
@@ -216,7 +244,7 @@ const ModelUsageTable: React.FC<{
         )}
 
       <Box alignItems="flex-end">
-        <Box width={nameWidth}>
+        <Box width={nameWidth} flexShrink={0}>
           <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
             Model
           </Text>
@@ -267,15 +295,31 @@ const ModelUsageTable: React.FC<{
           </>
         )}
         {showQuotaColumn && (
-          <Box
-            width={usageLimitWidth}
-            flexDirection="column"
-            alignItems="flex-end"
-          >
-            <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
-              Usage remaining
-            </Text>
-          </Box>
+          <>
+            <Box
+              width={usageLimitWidth}
+              flexDirection="column"
+              alignItems="flex-start"
+              paddingLeft={4}
+              flexShrink={0}
+            >
+              <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
+                Model usage
+              </Text>
+            </Box>
+            <Box width={percentageWidth} flexShrink={0} />
+            <Box
+              width={resetWidth}
+              flexDirection="column"
+              alignItems="flex-start"
+              paddingLeft={2}
+              flexShrink={0}
+            >
+              <Text bold color={theme.text.primary} wrap="truncate-end">
+                Usage resets
+              </Text>
+            </Box>
+          </>
         )}
       </Box>
 
@@ -290,84 +334,150 @@ const ModelUsageTable: React.FC<{
         width={totalWidth}
       ></Box>
 
-      {rows.map((row) => (
-        <Box key={row.key}>
-          <Box width={nameWidth}>
-            <Text
-              color={row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary}
-              wrap="truncate-end"
+      {rows.map((row) => {
+        let effectiveUsedFraction = 0;
+        let usedPercentage = 0;
+        let statusColor = theme.ui.comment;
+        let percentageText = '';
+
+        if (row.bucket && row.bucket.remainingFraction != null) {
+          const actualUsedFraction = 1 - row.bucket.remainingFraction;
+          effectiveUsedFraction =
+            actualUsedFraction === 0 && row.isActive
+              ? 0.001
+              : actualUsedFraction;
+          usedPercentage = effectiveUsedFraction * 100;
+          statusColor =
+            getUsedStatusColor(usedPercentage, {
+              warning: QUOTA_USED_WARNING_THRESHOLD,
+              critical: QUOTA_USED_CRITICAL_THRESHOLD,
+            }) ?? (row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.ui.comment);
+          percentageText =
+            usedPercentage > 0 && usedPercentage < 1
+              ? `${usedPercentage.toFixed(1)}%`
+              : `${usedPercentage.toFixed(0)}%`;
+        }
+
+        return (
+          <Box key={row.key}>
+            <Box width={nameWidth} flexShrink={0}>
+              <Text
+                color={row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary}
+                wrap="truncate-end"
+              >
+                {row.modelName}
+              </Text>
+            </Box>
+            <Box
+              width={requestsWidth}
+              flexDirection="column"
+              alignItems="flex-end"
+              flexShrink={0}
             >
-              {row.modelName}
-            </Text>
-          </Box>
-          <Box
-            width={requestsWidth}
-            flexDirection="column"
-            alignItems="flex-end"
-            flexShrink={0}
-          >
-            <Text
-              color={row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary}
-            >
-              {row.requests}
-            </Text>
-          </Box>
-          {!showQuotaColumn && (
-            <>
-              <Box
-                width={uncachedWidth}
-                flexDirection="column"
-                alignItems="flex-end"
-                flexShrink={0}
+              <Text
+                color={row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary}
               >
-                <Text
-                  color={
-                    row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary
-                  }
+                {row.requests}
+              </Text>
+            </Box>
+            {!showQuotaColumn && (
+              <>
+                <Box
+                  width={uncachedWidth}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  alignItems="flex-end"
+                  flexShrink={0}
                 >
-                  {row.inputTokens}
-                </Text>
-              </Box>
-              <Box
-                width={cachedWidth}
-                flexDirection="column"
-                alignItems="flex-end"
-                flexShrink={0}
-              >
-                <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>{row.cachedTokens}</Text>
-              </Box>
-              <Box
-                width={outputTokensWidth}
-                flexDirection="column"
-                alignItems="flex-end"
-                flexShrink={0}
-              >
-                <Text
-                  color={
-                    row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary
-                  }
+                  <Text
+                    color={
+                      row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary
+                    }
+                  >
+                    {row.inputTokens}
+                  </Text>
+                </Box>
+                <Box
+                  width={cachedWidth}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  alignItems="flex-end"
+                  flexShrink={0}
                 >
-                  {row.outputTokens}
-                </Text>
-              </Box>
-            </>
-          )}
-          <Box
-            width={usageLimitWidth}
-            flexDirection="column"
-            alignItems="flex-end"
-          >
-            {row.bucket &&
-              row.bucket.remainingFraction != null &&
-              row.bucket.resetTime && (
-                <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
-                  {(row.bucket.remainingFraction * 100).toFixed(1)}%{' '}
-                  {formatResetTime(row.bucket.resetTime)}
-                </Text>
-              )}
+                  <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>{row.cachedTokens}</Text>
+                </Box>
+                <Box
+                  width={outputTokensWidth}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  alignItems="flex-end"
+                  flexShrink={0}
+                >
+                  <Text
+                    color={
+                      row.isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary
+                    }
+                  >
+                    {row.outputTokens}
+                  </Text>
+                </Box>
+              </>
+            )}
+            {showQuotaColumn && (
+              <>
+                <Box
+                  width={usageLimitWidth}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  alignItems="flex-start"
+                  paddingLeft={4}
+                  flexShrink={0}
+                >
+                  {row.bucket && row.bucket.remainingFraction != null && (
+                    <Box flexDirection="row" flexShrink={0}>
+                      {renderProgressBar(
+                        effectiveUsedFraction,
+                        statusColor,
+                        progressBarWidth,
+                      )}
+                    </Box>
+                  )}
+                </Box>
+                <Box
+                  width={percentageWidth}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  alignItems="flex-end"
+                  flexShrink={0}
+                >
+                  {row.bucket && row.bucket.remainingFraction != null && (
+                    <Box>
+                      {row.bucket.remainingFraction === 0 ? (
+                        <Text color={theme.status.error} wrap="truncate-end">
+                          Limit
+                        </Text>
+                      ) : (
+                        <Text color={statusColor} wrap="truncate-end">
+                          {percentageText}
+                        </Text>
+                      )}
+                    </Box>
+                  )}
+                </Box>
+                <Box
+                  width={resetWidth}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  alignItems="flex-start"
+                  paddingLeft={2}
+                  flexShrink={0}
+                >
+                  <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+                    {row.bucket?.resetTime &&
+                    formatResetTime(row.bucket.resetTime, 'column')
+                      ? formatResetTime(row.bucket.resetTime, 'column')
+                      : ''}
+                  </Text>
+                </Box>
+              </>
+            )}
           </Box>
-        </Box>
-      ))}
+        );
+      })}
 
       {cacheEfficiency > 0 && !showQuotaColumn && (
         <Box flexDirection="column" marginTop={1}>