init

Co-authored-by: Gaurav <39389231+gsquared94@users.noreply.github.com>

.gemini/commands/review-and-fix.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-description = "Reviews a frontend PR or staged changes and automatically initiates a Pickle Fix loop for findings."
+description = "Reviews a PR or staged changes and automatically initiates a Pickle Fix loop for findings."
 prompt = """
-You are an expert Frontend Reviewer and Pickle Rick Worker.
+You are an expert Reviewer and Pickle Rick Worker.
 
 Target: {{args}}
 
@@ -56,8 +56,6 @@ Follow these steps to conduct a thorough review:
        pollution.
      * Use `vi.useFakeTimers()` for tests involving time-based logic to avoid
        flakiness.
-     * Avoid using `any` in tests; prefer proper types or `unknown` with
-       narrowing.
      * When creating parameterized tests, give the parameters types to ensure
        that the tests are type-safe.
 8. Evaluate all react logic carefully keeping in mind that the author of the
@@ -105,7 +103,20 @@ Follow these steps to conduct a thorough review:
       to include the new property or propose a new provider to add if the
       property drilling is excessive. Only use providers for properties that are
       consistent for the entire application.
-9. General Gemini CLI design principles:
+9. Evaluate `packages/core` (Services, Tools, Utilities):
+    * Ensure services are implemented as classes with clear lifecycle management (e.g., `initialize()` methods).
+    * Verify that `debugLogger` from `packages/core/src/utils/debugLogger.ts` is used for internal logging instead of `console`.
+    * Ensure all shell operations use `spawnAsync` from `packages/core/src/utils/shell-utils.ts` for consistent error handling and promise management.
+    * Check that filesystem errors are handled gracefully using `isNodeError` from `packages/core/src/utils/errors.ts`.
+    * Verify that new tools are added to `packages/core/src/tools/` and registered in `packages/core/src/tools/tool-registry.ts`.
+    * Ensure all new public services, utilities, and types are exported from `packages/core/src/index.ts`.
+    * Check that services are stateless where possible, or use the centralized `Storage` service for persistence.
+    * **Cross-Service Communication**: Prefer using the `coreEvents` bus (from `packages/core/src/utils/events.ts`) for asynchronous communication between services or to notify the UI of state changes. Avoid tight coupling between services.
+10. Architectural Audit (Package Boundaries):
+    * **Logic Placement**: Non-UI logic (e.g., model orchestration, tool implementation, git/filesystem operations) MUST reside in `packages/core`. `packages/cli` should only contain UI/Ink components, command-line argument parsing, and user interaction logic.
+    * **Environment Isolation**: Core logic should not assume a TUI environment. Use the `ConfirmationBus` or `Output` abstractions for communicating with the user from Core.
+    * **Decoupling**: Actively look for opportunities to decouple services by using `coreEvents`. If a service is importing another service just to notify it of a change, it should probably be using an event instead.
+11. General Gemini CLI design principles:
     * Make sure that settings are only used for options that a user might
       consider changing.
     * Do not add new command line arguments and suggest settings instead.
@@ -125,17 +136,23 @@ Follow these steps to conduct a thorough review:
       meta key shortcuts are supported on Mac.
     * Be skeptical of function keys and keyboard shortcuts that are commonly
       bound in VSCode as they may conflict.
-10. TypeScript Best Practices:
+12. TypeScript Best Practices:
     * Use 'checkExhaustive' in the 'default' clause of 'switch' statements to
       ensure all cases are handled.
     * Avoid using the non-null assertion operator ('!') unless absolutely
       necessary and you are confident the value is not null.
-11. Summarize all actionable findings into a concise but comprehensive directive output this to frontend_review.md and advance to phase 2.
+    * **STRICT TYPING**: Strictly forbid 'any' and 'unknown' in both CLI and Core
+      packages. 'unknown' is only allowed if it is immediately narrowed using
+      type guards or Zod validation. Reject any code that uses 'any' or
+      'unknown' without narrowing.
+13. **Ruthless Cleanup**:
+    * If you identify significant code duplication, technical debt, or "AI Slop" (boilerplate, redundant comments), explicitly suggest initiating a `ruthless-refactorer` loop to clean it up.
+14. Summarize all actionable findings into a concise but comprehensive directive output this to review_findings.md and advance to phase 2.
 
 Remember to use the GitHub CLI (`gh`) for all GitHub-related tasks, and local `git` commands if the target is 'staged'.
 
 Phase 2:
-You are initiating Pickle Rick - the ultimate coding agent.
+You are initiating Pickle Rick - the ultimate engineering agent.
 
 **Step 0: Persona Injection**
 First, you **MUST** activate your persona.
@@ -160,7 +177,7 @@ bash "${extensionPath}/scripts/setup.sh" $ARGUMENTS
 pwsh -File "${extensionPath}/scripts/setup.ps1" $ARGUMENTS
 ```
 
-**CRITICAL**: Your request is to fix all findings in frontend_review.md
+**CRITICAL**: Your request is to fix all findings in review_findings.md
 
 **Step 2: Execution (Management)**
 After setup, read the output to find the path to `state.json`.
@@ -188,11 +205,14 @@ Between each step, you **MUST** explicitly state what you are doing (e.g., "Movi
     *   **Validation**: IGNORE worker logs. DIRECTLY verify:
         1. `git status` (Check for file changes)
         2. `git diff` (Check code quality)
-        3. Run tests/build (Check functionality)
+        3. `npm run build` (Ensure the project still builds)
+        4. `npm run test` (Ensure no regressions)
+        5. `npm run lint` (Ensure code style is maintained)
+        6. `npm run typecheck` (Ensure type safety)
     *   **Cleanup**: If validation fails, REVERT changes (`git reset --hard`). If it passes, COMMIT changes.
     *   **Next Ticket**: Pick the next ticket and repeat.
 4.  **Cleanup**:
-    *   **Action**: After all tickets are completed delete `frontend_review.md`.
+    *   **Action**: After all tickets are completed delete `review_findings.md`.
 
 **Loop Constraints:**
 - **Iteration Count**: Monitor `"iteration"` in `state.json`. If `"max_iterations"` (if > 0) is reached, you must stop.

.gemini/skills/docs-writer/SKILL.md

@@ -1,71 +1,136 @@
 ---
 name: docs-writer
 description:
-  Use this skill for writing, reviewing, and editing documentation (`/docs`
-  directory or any .md file) for Gemini CLI.
+  Always use this skill when the task involves writing, reviewing, or editing 
+  documentation, specifically for any files in the `/docs` directory or any 
+  `.md` files in the repository.
 ---
 
 # `docs-writer` skill instructions
 
-As an expert technical writer and editor for the Gemini CLI project, your goal
-is to produce and refine documentation that is accurate, clear, consistent, and
-easy for users to understand. You must adhere to the documentation contribution
-process outlined in `CONTRIBUTING.md`.
+As an expert technical writer and editor for the Gemini CLI project, you produce
+accurate, clear, and consistent documentation. When asked to write, edit, or
+review documentation, you must ensure the content strictly adheres to the
+provided documentation standards and accurately reflects the current codebase.
+Adhere to the contribution process in `CONTRIBUTING.md` and the following
+project standards.
 
-## Step 1: Understand the goal and create a plan
+## Phase 1: Documentation standards
 
-1.  **Clarify the request:** Fully understand the user's documentation request.
-    Identify the core feature, command, or concept that needs work.
-2.  **Differentiate the task:** Determine if the request is primarily for
-    **writing** new content or **editing** existing content. If the request is
-    ambiguous (e.g., "fix the docs"), ask the user for clarification.
-3.  **Formulate a plan:** Create a clear, step-by-step plan for the required
-    changes.
+Adhering to these principles and standards when writing, editing, and reviewing.
 
-## Step 2: Investigate and gather information
+### Voice and tone
+Adopt a tone that balances professionalism with a helpful, conversational
+approach.
 
-1.  **Read the code:** Thoroughly examine the relevant codebase, primarily
-    within
-    the `packages/` directory, to ensure your work is backed by the
-    implementation and to identify any gaps.
-2.  **Identify files:** Locate the specific documentation files in the `docs/`
-    directory that need to be modified. Always read the latest version of a file
-    before you begin work.
-3.  **Check for connections:** Consider related documentation. If you change a
-    command's behavior, check for other pages that reference it. If you add a new
-    page, check if `docs/sidebar.json` needs to be updated. Make sure all
-    links are up to date.
+- **Perspective and tense:** Address the reader as "you." Use active voice and
+  present tense (e.g., "The API returns...").
+- **Tone:** Professional, friendly, and direct. 
+- **Clarity:** Use simple vocabulary. Avoid jargon, slang, and marketing hype.
+- **Global Audience:** Write in standard US English. Avoid idioms and cultural
+  references.
+- **Requirements:** Be clear about requirements ("must") vs. recommendations
+  ("we recommend"). Avoid "should."
+- **Word Choice:** Avoid "please" and anthropomorphism (e.g., "the server
+  thinks"). Use contractions (don't, it's).
 
-## Step 3: Write or edit the documentation
+### Language and grammar
+Write precisely to ensure your instructions are unambiguous.
 
-1.  **Follow the style guide:** Adhere to the rules in
-    `references/style-guide.md`. Read this file to understand the project's
-    documentation standards.
-2.   Ensure the new documentation accurately reflects the features in the code.
-3.  **Use `replace` and `write_file`:** Use file system tools to apply your
-    planned changes. For small edits, `replace` is preferred. For new files or
-    large rewrites, `write_file` is more appropriate.
+- **Abbreviations:** Avoid Latin abbreviations; use "for example" (not "e.g.")
+  and "that is" (not "i.e.").
+- **Punctuation:** Use the serial comma. Place periods and commas inside
+  quotation marks.
+- **Dates:** Use unambiguous formats (e.g., "January 22, 2026").
+- **Conciseness:** Use "lets you" instead of "allows you to." Use precise,
+  specific verbs.
+- **Examples:** Use meaningful names in examples; avoid placeholders like
+  "foo" or "bar."
+
+### Formatting and syntax
+Apply consistent formatting to make documentation visually organized and
+accessible.
+
+- **Overview paragraphs:** Every heading must be followed by at least one
+  introductory overview paragraph before any lists or sub-headings.
+- **Text wrap:** Wrap text at 80 characters (except long links or tables).
+- **Casing:** Use sentence case for headings, titles, and bolded text.
+- **Naming:** Always refer to the project as `Gemini CLI` (never
+  `the Gemini CLI`).
+- **Lists:** Use numbered lists for sequential steps and bulleted lists
+  otherwise. Keep list items parallel in structure.
+- **UI and code:** Use **bold** for UI elements and `code font` for filenames,
+  snippets, commands, and API elements. Focus on the task when discussing
+  interaction.
+- **Links:** Use descriptive anchor text; avoid "click here." Ensure the link
+  makes sense out of context.
+- **Accessibility:** Use semantic HTML elements correctly (headings, lists, 
+  tables).
+- **Media:** Use lowercase hyphenated filenames. Provide descriptive alt text
+  for all images.
+
+### Structure
+- **BLUF:** Start with an introduction explaining what to expect.
+- **Experimental features:** If a feature is clearly noted as experimental,
+add the following note immediately after the introductory paragraph:
+  `> **Note:** This is a preview feature currently under active development.`
+- **Headings:** Use hierarchical headings to support the user journey.
+- **Procedures:** 
+  - Introduce lists of steps with a complete sentence.
+  - Start each step with an imperative verb.
+  - Number sequential steps; use bullets for non-sequential lists.
+  - Put conditions before instructions (e.g., "On the Settings page, click...").
+  - Provide clear context for where the action takes place.
+  - Indicate optional steps clearly (e.g., "Optional: ...").
+- **Elements:** Use bullet lists, tables, notes (`> **Note:**`), and warnings 
+  (`> **Warning:**`).
+- **Avoid using a table of contents:** If a table of contents is present, remove
+  it.
+- **Next steps:** Conclude with a "Next steps" section if applicable.
+
+## Phase 2: Preparation
+Before modifying any documentation, thoroughly investigate the request and the
+surrounding context. 
+
+1.  **Clarify:** Understand the core request. Differentiate between writing new
+    content and editing existing content. If the request is ambiguous (e.g.,
+    "fix the docs"), ask for clarification.
+2.  **Investigate:** Examine relevant code (primarily in `packages/`) for
+    accuracy.
+3.  **Audit:** Read the latest versions of relevant files in `docs/`.
+4.  **Connect:** Identify all referencing pages if changing behavior. Check if
+    `docs/sidebar.json` needs updates.
+5.  **Plan:** Create a step-by-step plan before making changes.
+
+## Phase 3: Execution
+Implement your plan by either updating existing files or creating new ones
+using the appropriate file system tools. Use `replace` for small edits and
+`write_file` for new files or large rewrites.
+
+### Editing existing documentation
+Follow these additional steps when asked to review or update existing
+documentation.
+
+- **Gaps:** Identify areas where the documentation is incomplete or no longer
+  reflects existing code.
+- **Structure:** Apply "Structure (New Docs)" rules (BLUF, headings, etc.) when 
+  adding new sections to existing pages.
+- **Tone:** Ensure the tone is active and engaging. Use "you" and contractions.
+- **Clarity:** Correct awkward wording, spelling, and grammar. Rephrase
+  sentences to make them easier for users to understand.
+- **Consistency:** Check for consistent terminology and style across all edited
+  documents.
 
 
+## Phase 4: Verification and finalization
+Perform a final quality check to ensure that all changes are correctly formatted
+and that all links are functional.
 
-### Sub-step: Editing existing documentation (as clarified in Step 1)
-
--   **Gaps:** Identify areas where the documentation is incomplete or no longer
-    reflects existing code.
--   **Tone:** Ensure the tone is active and engaging, not passive.
--   **Clarity:** Correct awkward wording, spelling, and grammar. Rephrase
-    sentences to make them easier for users to understand.
--   **Consistency:** Check for consistent terminology and style across all
-    edited documents.
-
-## Step 4: Verify and finalize
-
-1.  **Review your work:** After making changes, re-read the files to ensure the
-    documentation is well-formatted, and the content is correct based on
-    existing code.
-2.  **Link verification:** Verify the validity of all links in the new content.
-    Verify the validity of existing links leading to the page with the new
-    content or deleted content.
-2.  **Offer to run npm format:** Once all changes are complete, offer to run the
-    project's formatting script to ensure consistency by proposing the command:
-    `npm run format`
+1.  **Accuracy:** Ensure content accurately reflects the implementation and
+  technical behavior.
+2.  **Self-review:** Re-read changes for formatting, correctness, and flow.
+3.  **Link check:** Verify all new and existing links leading to or from modified
+    pages.
+4.  **Format:** Once all changes are complete, ask to execute `npm run format`
+    to ensure consistent formatting across the project. If the user confirms,
+    execute the command.

.gemini/skills/docs-writer/references/style-guide.md

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-# Documentation style guide
-
-## I. Core principles
-
-1.  **Clarity:** Write for easy understanding. Prioritize clear, direct, and
-    simple language.
-2.  **Consistency:** Use consistent terminology, formatting, and style
-    throughout the documentation.
-3.  **Accuracy:** Ensure all information is technically correct and up-to-date.
-4.  **Accessibility:** Design documentation to be usable by everyone. Focus on
-    semantic structure, clear link text, and image alternatives.
-5.  **Global audience:** Write in standard US English. Avoid slang, idioms, and
-    cultural references.
-6.  **Prescriptive:** Guide the reader by recommending specific actions and
-    paths, especially for complex tasks.
-
-## II. Voice and tone
-
-- **Professional yet friendly:** Maintain a helpful, knowledgeable, and
-  conversational tone without being frivolous.
-- **Direct:** Get straight to the point. Keep paragraphs short and focused.
-- **Second person:** Address the reader as "you."
-- **Present tense:** Use the present tense to describe functionality (e.g., "The
-  API returns a JSON object.").
-- **Avoid:** Jargon, slang, marketing hype, and overly casual language.
-
-## III. Language and grammar
-
-- **Active voice:** Prefer active voice over passive voice.
-  - _Example:_ "The system sends a notification." (Not: "A notification is sent
-    by the system.")
-- **Contractions:** Use common contractions (e.g., "don't," "it's") to maintain
-  a natural tone.
-- **Simple vocabulary:** Use common words. Define technical terms when
-  necessary.
-- **Conciseness:** Keep sentences short and focused, but don't omit helpful
-  information.
-- **"Please":** Avoid using the word "please."
-
-## IV. Procedures and steps
-
-- Start each step with an imperative verb (e.g., "Connect to the database").
-- Number steps sequentially.
-- Introduce lists of steps with a complete sentence.
-- Put conditions before instructions, not after.
-- Provide clear context for where the action takes place (e.g., "In the
-  administration console...").
-- Indicate optional steps clearly (e.g., "Optional: ...").
-
-## V. Formatting and punctuation
-
-- **Text wrap:** Wrap all text at 80 characters, with exceptions for long links
-  or tables.
-- **Headings, titles, and bold text:** Use sentence case. Structure headings
-  hierarchically.
-- **Lists:** Use numbered lists for sequential steps and bulleted lists for all
-  other lists. Keep list items parallel in structure.
-- **Serial comma:** Use the serial comma (e.g., "one, two, and three").
-- **Punctuation:** Use standard American punctuation. Place periods inside
-  quotation marks.
-- **Dates:** Use unambiguous date formatting (e.g., "January 22, 2026").
-
-## VI. UI, code, and links
-
-- **UI elements:** Put UI elements in **bold**. Focus on the task when
-  discussing interaction.
-- **Code:** Use `code font` for filenames, code snippets, commands, and API
-  elements. Use code blocks for multi-line samples.
-- **Links:** Use descriptive link text that indicates what the link leads to.
-  Avoid "click here."
-
-## VII. Word choice and terminology
-
-- **Consistent naming:** Use product and feature names consistently. Always
-  refer to Gemini CLI as `Gemini CLI`, never `the Gemini CLI`.
-- **Specific verbs:** Use precise verbs.
-- **Avoid:**
-  - Latin abbreviations (e.g., use "for example" instead of "e.g.").
-  - Placeholder names like "foo" and "bar" in examples; use meaningful names
-    instead.
-  - Anthropomorphism (e.g., "The server thinks...").
-  - "Should": Be clear about requirements ("must") vs. recommendations ("we
-    recommend").
-
-## VIII. Files and media
-
-- **Filenames:** Use lowercase letters, separate words with hyphens (-), and use
-  standard ASCII characters.
-- **Images:** Provide descriptive alt text for all images. Provide
-  high-resolution or vector images when practical.
-
-## IX. Accessibility quick check
-
-- Provide descriptive alt text for images.
-- Ensure link text makes sense out of context.
-- Use semantic HTML elements correctly (headings, lists, tables).

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -177,6 +177,19 @@ jobs:
       - name: 'Smoke test bundle'
         run: 'node ./bundle/gemini.js --version'
 
+      - name: 'Smoke test npx installation'
+        run: |
+          # 1. Package the project into a tarball
+          TARBALL=$(npm pack | tail -n 1)
+
+          # 2. Move to a fresh directory for isolation
+          mkdir -p ../smoke-test-dir
+          mv "$TARBALL" ../smoke-test-dir/
+          cd ../smoke-test-dir
+
+          # 3. Run npx from the tarball
+          npx "./$TARBALL" --version
+
       - name: 'Wait for file system sync'
         run: 'sleep 2'
 
@@ -252,6 +265,19 @@ jobs:
       - name: 'Smoke test bundle'
         run: 'node ./bundle/gemini.js --version'
 
+      - name: 'Smoke test npx installation'
+        run: |
+          # 1. Package the project into a tarball
+          TARBALL=$(npm pack | tail -n 1)
+
+          # 2. Move to a fresh directory for isolation
+          mkdir -p ../smoke-test-dir
+          mv "$TARBALL" ../smoke-test-dir/
+          cd ../smoke-test-dir
+
+          # 3. Run npx from the tarball
+          npx "./$TARBALL" --version
+
       - name: 'Wait for file system sync'
         run: 'sleep 2'
 
@@ -396,6 +422,21 @@ jobs:
         run: 'node ./bundle/gemini.js --version'
         shell: 'pwsh'
 
+      - name: 'Smoke test npx installation'
+        run: |
+          # 1. Package the project into a tarball
+          $PACK_OUTPUT = npm pack
+          $TARBALL = $PACK_OUTPUT[-1]
+
+          # 2. Move to a fresh directory for isolation
+          New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path ../smoke-test-dir
+          Move-Item $TARBALL ../smoke-test-dir/
+          Set-Location ../smoke-test-dir
+
+          # 3. Run npx from the tarball
+          npx "./$TARBALL" --version
+        shell: 'pwsh'
+
   ci:
     name: 'CI'
     if: 'always()'

.github/workflows/gemini-scheduled-stale-pr-closer.yml

@@ -43,19 +43,23 @@ jobs:
 
             // 1. Fetch maintainers for verification
             let maintainerLogins = new Set();
+            let teamFetchSucceeded = false;
             try {
               const members = await github.paginate(github.rest.teams.listMembersInOrg, {
                 org: context.repo.owner,
                 team_slug: 'gemini-cli-maintainers'
               });
-              maintainerLogins = new Set(members.map(m => m.login));
+              maintainerLogins = new Set(members.map(m => m.login.toLowerCase()));
+              teamFetchSucceeded = true;
+              core.info(`Successfully fetched ${maintainerLogins.size} team members from gemini-cli-maintainers`);
             } catch (e) {
-              core.warning('Failed to fetch team members');
+              core.warning(`Failed to fetch team members from gemini-cli-maintainers: ${e.message}. Falling back to author_association only.`);
             }
 
             const isMaintainer = (login, assoc) => {
-              if (maintainerLogins.size > 0) return maintainerLogins.has(login);
-              return ['OWNER', 'MEMBER', 'COLLABORATOR'].includes(assoc);
+              const isTeamMember = maintainerLogins.has(login.toLowerCase());
+              const isRepoMaintainer = ['OWNER', 'MEMBER', 'COLLABORATOR'].includes(assoc);
+              return isTeamMember || isRepoMaintainer;
             };
 
             // 2. Determine which PRs to check
@@ -153,7 +157,17 @@ jobs:
                 const labels = pr.labels.map(l => l.name.toLowerCase());
                 if (labels.includes('help wanted') || labels.includes('🔒 maintainer only')) continue;
 
-                let lastActivity = new Date(0);
+                // Skip PRs that were created less than 30 days ago - they cannot be stale yet
+                const prCreatedAt = new Date(pr.created_at);
+                if (prCreatedAt > thirtyDaysAgo) {
+                  const daysOld = Math.floor((Date.now() - prCreatedAt.getTime()) / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
+                  core.info(`PR #${pr.number} was created ${daysOld} days ago. Skipping staleness check.`);
+                  continue;
+                }
+
+                // Initialize lastActivity to PR creation date (not epoch) as a safety baseline.
+                // This ensures we never incorrectly mark a PR as stale due to failed activity lookups.
+                let lastActivity = new Date(pr.created_at);
                 try {
                   const reviews = await github.paginate(github.rest.pulls.listReviews, {
                     owner: context.repo.owner,
@@ -177,8 +191,12 @@ jobs:
                       if (d > lastActivity) lastActivity = d;
                     }
                   }
-                } catch (e) {}
+                } catch (e) {
+                  core.warning(`Failed to fetch reviews/comments for PR #${pr.number}: ${e.message}`);
+                }
 
+                // For maintainer PRs, the PR creation itself counts as maintainer activity.
+                // (Now redundant since we initialize to pr.created_at, but kept for clarity)
                 if (maintainerPr) {
                   const d = new Date(pr.created_at);
                   if (d > lastActivity) lastActivity = d;

.github/workflows/release-patch-0-from-comment.yml

@@ -28,22 +28,59 @@ jobs:
           permission: 'write'
           issue-type: 'pull-request'
 
-      - name: 'Get PR Status'
-        id: 'pr_status'
+      - name: 'Get Commits'
+        id: 'get_commits'
         if: "startsWith(github.event.comment.body, '/patch')"
         env:
           GH_TOKEN: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
+          COMMENT_BODY: '${{ github.event.comment.body }}'
+          CURRENT_PR: '${{ github.event.issue.number }}'
         run: |
-          gh pr view "${{ github.event.issue.number }}" --json mergeCommit,state > pr_status.json
-          echo "MERGE_COMMIT_SHA=$(jq -r .mergeCommit.oid pr_status.json)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo "STATE=$(jq -r .state pr_status.json)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          # Find all PR numbers in the comment body (e.g., #123, owner/repo#456)
+          # The regex handles both formats and extracts just the number
+          comment_prs=$(echo "$COMMENT_BODY" | grep -oP '(?:\S+/)?\S+#\K\d+')
+          
+          # Combine with the current PR number, ensuring no duplicates
+          all_prs=$(echo -e "${CURRENT_PR}\n${comment_prs}" | sort -u)
+
+          echo "Found PRs to patch: ${all_prs}"
+
+          commit_shas=()
+          unmerged_prs=()
+          merged_prs=()
+
+          for pr in $all_prs; do
+            echo "Checking status of PR #${pr}..."
+            # Get PR status (state and merge commit)
+            pr_status=$(gh pr view "$pr" --json mergeCommit,state)
+            state=$(echo "$pr_status" | jq -r .state)
+
+            if [[ "$state" != "MERGED" ]]; then
+              unmerged_prs+=("$pr")
+            else
+              commit_sha=$(echo "$pr_status" | jq -r .mergeCommit.oid)
+              commit_shas+=("$commit_sha")
+              merged_prs+=("$pr")
+            fi
+          done
+
+          if [[ ${#unmerged_prs[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
+            echo "ALL_MERGED=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "UNMERGED_PRS=$(IFS=,; echo "${unmerged_prs[*]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo "ALL_MERGED=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "COMMITS=$(IFS=,; echo "${commit_shas[*]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "PR_NUMBERS=$(IFS=,; echo "${merged_prs[*]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
 
       - name: 'Dispatch if Merged'
-        if: "steps.pr_status.outputs.STATE == 'MERGED'"
+        if: "steps.get_commits.outputs.ALL_MERGED == 'true'"
         id: 'dispatch_patch'
         uses: 'actions/github-script@00f12e3e20659f42342b1c0226afda7f7c042325'
         env:
           COMMENT_BODY: '${{ github.event.comment.body }}'
+          COMMITS: '${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.COMMITS }}'
+          PR_NUMBERS: '${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.PR_NUMBERS }}'
         with:
           github-token: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
           script: |
@@ -60,17 +97,10 @@ jobs:
             // /patch preview
             if (commentBody.trim() === '/patch' || commentBody.trim() === '/patch both') {
               channels = ['stable', 'preview'];
-            } else if (commentBody.trim() === '/patch stable') {
+            } else if (commentBody.includes('stable')) {
               channels = ['stable'];
-            } else if (commentBody.trim() === '/patch preview') {
+            } else if (commentBody.includes('preview')) {
               channels = ['preview'];
-            } else {
-              // Fallback parsing for legacy formats
-              if (commentBody.includes('channel=preview')) {
-                channels = ['preview'];
-              } else if (commentBody.includes('--channel preview')) {
-                channels = ['preview'];
-              }
             }
 
             console.log('Detected channels:', channels);
@@ -87,9 +117,9 @@ jobs:
                 workflow_id: 'release-patch-1-create-pr.yml',
                 ref: 'main',
                 inputs: {
-                  commit: '${{ steps.pr_status.outputs.MERGE_COMMIT_SHA }}',
+                  commits: process.env.COMMITS,
                   channel: channel,
-                  original_pr: '${{ github.event.issue.number }}',
+                  original_prs: process.env.PR_NUMBERS,
                   environment: 'prod'
                 }
               });
@@ -123,13 +153,13 @@ jobs:
             }
 
       - name: 'Comment on Failure'
-        if: "startsWith(github.event.comment.body, '/patch') && steps.pr_status.outputs.STATE != 'MERGED'"
+        if: "startsWith(github.event.comment.body, '/patch') && steps.get_commits.outputs.ALL_MERGED == 'false'"
         uses: 'peter-evans/create-or-update-comment@67dcc547d311b736a8e6c5c236542148a47adc3d'
         with:
           token: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
           issue-number: '${{ github.event.issue.number }}'
           body: |
-            :x: The `/patch` command failed. This pull request must be merged before a patch can be created.
+            :x: The `/patch` command failed. The following pull request(s) must be merged before a patch can be created: #${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.UNMERGED_PRS }}
 
       - name: 'Final Status Comment - Success'
         if: "always() && startsWith(github.event.comment.body, '/patch') && steps.dispatch_patch.outcome == 'success' && steps.dispatch_patch.outputs.dispatched_run_urls"
@@ -142,7 +172,8 @@ jobs:
 
             **📋 Details:**
             - **Channels**: `${{ steps.dispatch_patch.outputs.dispatched_channels }}`
-            - **Commit**: `${{ steps.pr_status.outputs.MERGE_COMMIT_SHA }}`
+            - **PRs**: `${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.PR_NUMBERS }}`
+            - **Commits**: `${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.COMMITS }}`
             - **Workflows Created**: ${{ steps.dispatch_patch.outputs.dispatched_run_count }}
 
             **🔗 Track Progress:**
@@ -160,7 +191,8 @@ jobs:
 
             **📋 Details:**
             - **Channels**: `${{ steps.dispatch_patch.outputs.dispatched_channels }}`
-            - **Commit**: `${{ steps.pr_status.outputs.MERGE_COMMIT_SHA }}`
+            - **PRs**: `${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.PR_NUMBERS }}`
+            - **Commits**: `${{ steps.get_commits.outputs.COMMITS }}`
             - **Workflows Created**: ${{ steps.dispatch_patch.outputs.dispatched_run_count }}
 
             **🔗 Track Progress:**

.github/workflows/release-patch-1-create-pr.yml

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 name: 'Release: Patch (1) Create PR'
 
 run-name: >-
-  Release Patch (1) Create PR | S:${{ inputs.channel }} | C:${{ inputs.commit }} ${{ inputs.original_pr && format('| PR:#{0}', inputs.original_pr) || '' }}
+  Release Patch (1) Create PR | S:${{ inputs.channel }} | C:${{ inputs.commits }} ${{ inputs.original_prs && format('| PRs:#{0}', inputs.original_prs) || '' }}
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
     inputs:
-      commit:
-        description: 'The commit SHA to cherry-pick for the patch.'
+      commits:
+        description: 'The commit SHAs to cherry-pick for the patch (comma-separated).'
         required: true
         type: 'string'
       channel:
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: 'string'
         default: 'main'
-      original_pr:
-        description: 'The original PR number to comment back on.'
+      original_prs:
+        description: 'The original PR numbers to comment back on (comma-separated).'
         required: false
         type: 'string'
       environment:
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ jobs:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
           GH_TOKEN: '${{ secrets.GEMINI_CLI_ROBOT_GITHUB_PAT }}'
           CLI_PACKAGE_NAME: '${{ vars.CLI_PACKAGE_NAME }}'
-          PATCH_COMMIT: '${{ github.event.inputs.commit }}'
+          PATCH_COMMITS: '${{ github.event.inputs.commits }}'
           PATCH_CHANNEL: '${{ github.event.inputs.channel }}'
-          ORIGINAL_PR: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_pr }}'
+          ORIGINAL_PRS: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_prs }}'
           DRY_RUN: '${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}'
         continue-on-error: true
         run: |
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ jobs:
           {
             node scripts/releasing/create-patch-pr.js \
               --cli-package-name="${CLI_PACKAGE_NAME}" \
-              --commit="${PATCH_COMMIT}" \
+              --commits="${PATCH_COMMITS}" \
               --channel="${PATCH_CHANNEL}" \
-              --pullRequestNumber="${ORIGINAL_PR}" \
+              --pullRequestNumbers="${ORIGINAL_PRS}" \
               --dry-run="${DRY_RUN}"
           } 2>&1 | tee >(
             echo "LOG_CONTENT<<EOF" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
@@ -107,12 +107,12 @@ jobs:
           echo "EXIT_CODE=${PIPESTATUS[0]}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: 'Comment on Original PR'
-        if: 'always() && inputs.original_pr'
+        if: 'always() && inputs.original_prs'
         env:
           GH_TOKEN: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
-          ORIGINAL_PR: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_pr }}'
+          ORIGINAL_PRS: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_prs }}'
           EXIT_CODE: '${{ steps.create_patch.outputs.EXIT_CODE }}'
-          COMMIT: '${{ github.event.inputs.commit }}'
+          COMMITS: '${{ github.event.inputs.commits }}'
           CHANNEL: '${{ github.event.inputs.channel }}'
           REPOSITORY: '${{ github.repository }}'
           GITHUB_RUN_ID: '${{ github.run_id }}'

.github/workflows/release-patch-3-release.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: 'Release: Patch (3) Release'
 
 run-name: >-
-  Release Patch (3) Release | T:${{ inputs.type }} | R:${{ inputs.release_ref }} ${{ inputs.original_pr && format('| PR:#{0}', inputs.original_pr) || '' }}
+  Release Patch (3) Release | T:${{ inputs.type }} | R:${{ inputs.release_ref }} ${{ inputs.original_prs && format('| PRs:#{0}', inputs.original_prs) || '' }}
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ on:
         description: 'The branch, tag, or SHA to release from.'
         required: true
         type: 'string'
-      original_pr:
-        description: 'The original PR number to comment back on.'
+      original_prs:
+        description: 'The original PR numbers to comment back on.'
         required: false
         type: 'string'
       environment:
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ jobs:
             --label 'release-failure,priority/p0'
 
       - name: 'Comment Success on Original PR'
-        if: '${{ success() && github.event.inputs.original_pr }}'
+        if: '${{ success() && github.event.inputs.original_prs }}'
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
-          ORIGINAL_PR: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_pr }}'
+          ORIGINAL_PRS: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_prs }}'
           SUCCESS: 'true'
           RELEASE_VERSION: '${{ steps.patch_version.outputs.RELEASE_VERSION }}'
           RELEASE_TAG: '${{ steps.patch_version.outputs.RELEASE_TAG }}'
@@ -225,10 +225,10 @@ jobs:
           node scripts/releasing/patch-comment.js
 
       - name: 'Comment Failure on Original PR'
-        if: '${{ failure() && github.event.inputs.original_pr }}'
+        if: '${{ failure() && github.event.inputs.original_prs }}'
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: '${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
-          ORIGINAL_PR: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_pr }}'
+          ORIGINAL_PRS: '${{ github.event.inputs.original_prs }}'
           SUCCESS: 'false'
           RELEASE_VERSION: '${{ steps.patch_version.outputs.RELEASE_VERSION }}'
           RELEASE_TAG: '${{ steps.patch_version.outputs.RELEASE_TAG }}'

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The process for contributing code is as follows:
     `🔒Maintainers only`, this means it is reserved for project maintainers. We
     will not accept pull requests related to these issues. In the near future,
     we will explicitly mark issues looking for contributions using the
-    `help  wanted` label. If you believe an issue is a good candidate for
+    `help-wanted` label. If you believe an issue is a good candidate for
     community contribution, please leave a comment on the issue. A maintainer
     will review it and apply the `help-wanted` label if appropriate. Only
     maintainers should attempt to add the `help-wanted` label to an issue.

docs/cli/commands.md

@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ Slash commands provide meta-level control over the CLI itself.
     [settings](../get-started/configuration.md). See
     [Checkpointing documentation](../cli/checkpointing.md) for more details.
 
-- **`/rewind`**
+- [**`/rewind`**](./rewind.md)
   - **Description:** Navigates backward through the conversation history,
     allowing you to review past interactions and potentially revert to a
     previous state. This feature helps in managing complex or branched
@@ -264,6 +264,9 @@ Slash commands provide meta-level control over the CLI itself.
     modify them as desired. Changes to some settings are applied immediately,
     while others require a restart.
 
+- **`/shells`** (or **`/bashes`**)
+  - **Description:** Toggle the background shells view. This allows you to view
+    and manage long-running processes that you've sent to the background.
 - **`/setup-github`**
   - **Description:** Set up GitHub Actions to triage issues and review PRs with
     Gemini.

docs/cli/enterprise.md

@@ -203,6 +203,23 @@ with the actual Gemini CLI process, which inherits the environment variable.
 This makes it significantly more difficult for a user to bypass the enforced
 settings.
 
+## User isolation in shared environments
+
+In shared compute environments (like ML experiment runners or shared build
+servers), you can isolate Gemini CLI state by overriding the user's home
+directory.
+
+By default, Gemini CLI stores configuration and history in `~/.gemini`. You can
+use the `GEMINI_CLI_HOME` environment variable to point to a unique directory
+for a specific user or job. The CLI will create a `.gemini` folder inside the
+specified path.
+
+```bash
+# Isolate state for a specific job
+export GEMINI_CLI_HOME="/tmp/gemini-job-123"
+gemini
+```
+
 ## Restricting tool access
 
 You can significantly enhance security by controlling which tools the Gemini

docs/cli/keyboard-shortcuts.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ available combinations.
 | Move the cursor to the end of the line.     | `Ctrl + E`<br />`End (no Shift, Ctrl)`                       |
 | Move the cursor up one line.                | `Up Arrow (no Shift, Alt, Ctrl, Cmd)`                        |
 | Move the cursor down one line.              | `Down Arrow (no Shift, Alt, Ctrl, Cmd)`                      |
-| Move the cursor one character to the left.  | `Left Arrow (no Shift, Alt, Ctrl, Cmd)`<br />`Ctrl + B`      |
+| Move the cursor one character to the left.  | `Left Arrow (no Shift, Alt, Ctrl, Cmd)`                      |
 | Move the cursor one character to the right. | `Right Arrow (no Shift, Alt, Ctrl, Cmd)`<br />`Ctrl + F`     |
 | Move the cursor one word to the left.       | `Ctrl + Left Arrow`<br />`Alt + Left Arrow`<br />`Alt + B`   |
 | Move the cursor one word to the right.      | `Ctrl + Right Arrow`<br />`Alt + Right Arrow`<br />`Alt + F` |
@@ -106,6 +106,14 @@ available combinations.
 | Toggle YOLO (auto-approval) mode for tool calls.                                                      | `Ctrl + Y`                 |
 | Cycle through approval modes: default (prompt), auto_edit (auto-approve edits), and plan (read-only). | `Shift + Tab`              |
 | Expand a height-constrained response to show additional lines when not in alternate buffer mode.      | `Ctrl + O`<br />`Ctrl + S` |
+| Ctrl+B                                                                                                | `Ctrl + B`                 |
+| Ctrl+L                                                                                                | `Ctrl + L`                 |
+| Ctrl+K                                                                                                | `Ctrl + K`                 |
+| Enter                                                                                                 | `Enter`                    |
+| Esc                                                                                                   | `Esc`                      |
+| Shift+Tab                                                                                             | `Shift + Tab`              |
+| Tab                                                                                                   | `Tab (no Shift)`           |
+| Tab                                                                                                   | `Tab (no Shift)`           |
 | Focus the shell input from the gemini input.                                                          | `Tab (no Shift)`           |
 | Focus the Gemini input from the shell input.                                                          | `Tab`                      |
 | Clear the terminal screen and redraw the UI.                                                          | `Ctrl + L`                 |

docs/cli/settings.md

@@ -39,31 +39,33 @@ they appear in the UI.
 
 ### UI
 
-| UI Label                       | Setting                                 | Description                                                                                                                                                       | Default |
-| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
-| Hide Window Title              | `ui.hideWindowTitle`                    | Hide the window title bar                                                                                                                                         | `false` |
-| Show Thoughts in Title         | `ui.showStatusInTitle`                  | Show Gemini CLI model thoughts in the terminal window title during the working phase                                                                              | `false` |
-| Dynamic Window Title           | `ui.dynamicWindowTitle`                 | Update the terminal window title with current status icons (Ready: ◇, Action Required: ✋, Working: ✦)                                                            | `true`  |
-| Show Home Directory Warning    | `ui.showHomeDirectoryWarning`           | Show a warning when running Gemini CLI in the home directory.                                                                                                     | `true`  |
-| Hide Tips                      | `ui.hideTips`                           | Hide helpful tips in the UI                                                                                                                                       | `false` |
-| Hide Banner                    | `ui.hideBanner`                         | Hide the application banner                                                                                                                                       | `false` |
-| Hide Context Summary           | `ui.hideContextSummary`                 | Hide the context summary (GEMINI.md, MCP servers) above the input.                                                                                                | `false` |
-| Hide CWD                       | `ui.footer.hideCWD`                     | Hide the current working directory path in the footer.                                                                                                            | `false` |
-| Hide Sandbox Status            | `ui.footer.hideSandboxStatus`           | Hide the sandbox status indicator in the footer.                                                                                                                  | `false` |
-| Hide Model Info                | `ui.footer.hideModelInfo`               | Hide the model name and context usage in the footer.                                                                                                              | `false` |
-| Hide Context Window Percentage | `ui.footer.hideContextPercentage`       | Hides the context window remaining percentage.                                                                                                                    | `true`  |
-| Hide Footer                    | `ui.hideFooter`                         | Hide the footer from the UI                                                                                                                                       | `false` |
-| Show Memory Usage              | `ui.showMemoryUsage`                    | Display memory usage information in the UI                                                                                                                        | `false` |
-| Show Line Numbers              | `ui.showLineNumbers`                    | Show line numbers in the chat.                                                                                                                                    | `true`  |
-| Show Citations                 | `ui.showCitations`                      | Show citations for generated text in the chat.                                                                                                                    | `false` |
-| Show Model Info In Chat        | `ui.showModelInfoInChat`                | Show the model name in the chat for each model turn.                                                                                                              | `false` |
-| Show User Identity             | `ui.showUserIdentity`                   | Show the logged-in user's identity (e.g. email) in the UI.                                                                                                        | `true`  |
-| Use Alternate Screen Buffer    | `ui.useAlternateBuffer`                 | Use an alternate screen buffer for the UI, preserving shell history.                                                                                              | `false` |
-| Use Background Color           | `ui.useBackgroundColor`                 | Whether to use background colors in the UI.                                                                                                                       | `true`  |
-| Incremental Rendering          | `ui.incrementalRendering`               | Enable incremental rendering for the UI. This option will reduce flickering but may cause rendering artifacts. Only supported when useAlternateBuffer is enabled. | `true`  |
-| Show Spinner                   | `ui.showSpinner`                        | Show the spinner during operations.                                                                                                                               | `true`  |
-| Enable Loading Phrases         | `ui.accessibility.enableLoadingPhrases` | Enable loading phrases during operations.                                                                                                                         | `true`  |
-| Screen Reader Mode             | `ui.accessibility.screenReader`         | Render output in plain-text to be more screen reader accessible                                                                                                   | `false` |
+| UI Label                             | Setting                                 | Description                                                                                                                                                       | Default |
+| ------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
+| Auto Theme Switching                 | `ui.autoThemeSwitching`                 | Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal background color.                                                                    | `true`  |
+| Terminal Background Polling Interval | `ui.terminalBackgroundPollingInterval`  | Interval in seconds to poll the terminal background color.                                                                                                        | `60`    |
+| Hide Window Title                    | `ui.hideWindowTitle`                    | Hide the window title bar                                                                                                                                         | `false` |
+| Show Thoughts in Title               | `ui.showStatusInTitle`                  | Show Gemini CLI model thoughts in the terminal window title during the working phase                                                                              | `false` |
+| Dynamic Window Title                 | `ui.dynamicWindowTitle`                 | Update the terminal window title with current status icons (Ready: ◇, Action Required: ✋, Working: ✦)                                                            | `true`  |
+| Show Home Directory Warning          | `ui.showHomeDirectoryWarning`           | Show a warning when running Gemini CLI in the home directory.                                                                                                     | `true`  |
+| Hide Tips                            | `ui.hideTips`                           | Hide helpful tips in the UI                                                                                                                                       | `false` |
+| Hide Banner                          | `ui.hideBanner`                         | Hide the application banner                                                                                                                                       | `false` |
+| Hide Context Summary                 | `ui.hideContextSummary`                 | Hide the context summary (GEMINI.md, MCP servers) above the input.                                                                                                | `false` |
+| Hide CWD                             | `ui.footer.hideCWD`                     | Hide the current working directory path in the footer.                                                                                                            | `false` |
+| Hide Sandbox Status                  | `ui.footer.hideSandboxStatus`           | Hide the sandbox status indicator in the footer.                                                                                                                  | `false` |
+| Hide Model Info                      | `ui.footer.hideModelInfo`               | Hide the model name and context usage in the footer.                                                                                                              | `false` |
+| Hide Context Window Percentage       | `ui.footer.hideContextPercentage`       | Hides the context window remaining percentage.                                                                                                                    | `true`  |
+| Hide Footer                          | `ui.hideFooter`                         | Hide the footer from the UI                                                                                                                                       | `false` |
+| Show Memory Usage                    | `ui.showMemoryUsage`                    | Display memory usage information in the UI                                                                                                                        | `false` |
+| Show Line Numbers                    | `ui.showLineNumbers`                    | Show line numbers in the chat.                                                                                                                                    | `true`  |
+| Show Citations                       | `ui.showCitations`                      | Show citations for generated text in the chat.                                                                                                                    | `false` |
+| Show Model Info In Chat              | `ui.showModelInfoInChat`                | Show the model name in the chat for each model turn.                                                                                                              | `false` |
+| Show User Identity                   | `ui.showUserIdentity`                   | Show the logged-in user's identity (e.g. email) in the UI.                                                                                                        | `true`  |
+| Use Alternate Screen Buffer          | `ui.useAlternateBuffer`                 | Use an alternate screen buffer for the UI, preserving shell history.                                                                                              | `false` |
+| Use Background Color                 | `ui.useBackgroundColor`                 | Whether to use background colors in the UI.                                                                                                                       | `true`  |
+| Incremental Rendering                | `ui.incrementalRendering`               | Enable incremental rendering for the UI. This option will reduce flickering but may cause rendering artifacts. Only supported when useAlternateBuffer is enabled. | `true`  |
+| Show Spinner                         | `ui.showSpinner`                        | Show the spinner during operations.                                                                                                                               | `true`  |
+| Enable Loading Phrases               | `ui.accessibility.enableLoadingPhrases` | Enable loading phrases during operations.                                                                                                                         | `true`  |
+| Screen Reader Mode                   | `ui.accessibility.screenReader`         | Render output in plain-text to be more screen reader accessible                                                                                                   | `false` |
 
 ### IDE
 
@@ -77,6 +79,7 @@ they appear in the UI.
 | ----------------------- | ---------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
 | Max Session Turns       | `model.maxSessionTurns`      | Maximum number of user/model/tool turns to keep in a session. -1 means unlimited.      | `-1`    |
 | Compression Threshold   | `model.compressionThreshold` | The fraction of context usage at which to trigger context compression (e.g. 0.2, 0.3). | `0.5`   |
+| Disable Loop Detection  | `model.disableLoopDetection` | Disable automatic detection and prevention of infinite loops.                          | `false` |
 | Skip Next Speaker Check | `model.skipNextSpeakerCheck` | Skip the next speaker check.                                                           | `true`  |
 
 ### Context
@@ -97,7 +100,6 @@ they appear in the UI.
 | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------- |
 | Enable Interactive Shell         | `tools.shell.enableInteractiveShell` | Use node-pty for an interactive shell experience. Fallback to child_process still applies.                                                                                     | `true`      |
 | Show Color                       | `tools.shell.showColor`              | Show color in shell output.                                                                                                                                                    | `false`     |
-| Auto Accept                      | `tools.autoAccept`                   | Automatically accept and execute tool calls that are considered safe (e.g., read-only operations).                                                                             | `false`     |
 | Approval Mode                    | `tools.approvalMode`                 | The default approval mode for tool execution. 'default' prompts for approval, 'auto_edit' auto-approves edit tools, and 'plan' is read-only mode. 'yolo' is not supported yet. | `"default"` |
 | Use Ripgrep                      | `tools.useRipgrep`                   | Use ripgrep for file content search instead of the fallback implementation. Provides faster search performance.                                                                | `true`      |
 | Enable Tool Output Truncation    | `tools.enableToolOutputTruncation`   | Enable truncation of large tool outputs.                                                                                                                                       | `true`      |
@@ -107,13 +109,14 @@ they appear in the UI.
 
 ### Security
 
-| UI Label                              | Setting                                         | Description                                                                     | Default |
-| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
-| Disable YOLO Mode                     | `security.disableYoloMode`                      | Disable YOLO mode, even if enabled by a flag.                                   | `false` |
-| Allow Permanent Tool Approval         | `security.enablePermanentToolApproval`          | Enable the "Allow for all future sessions" option in tool confirmation dialogs. | `false` |
-| Blocks extensions from Git            | `security.blockGitExtensions`                   | Blocks installing and loading extensions from Git.                              | `false` |
-| Folder Trust                          | `security.folderTrust.enabled`                  | Setting to track whether Folder trust is enabled.                               | `false` |
-| Enable Environment Variable Redaction | `security.environmentVariableRedaction.enabled` | Enable redaction of environment variables that may contain secrets.             | `false` |
+| UI Label                              | Setting                                         | Description                                                                                                                                                             | Default |
+| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
+| Disable YOLO Mode                     | `security.disableYoloMode`                      | Disable YOLO mode, even if enabled by a flag.                                                                                                                           | `false` |
+| Allow Permanent Tool Approval         | `security.enablePermanentToolApproval`          | Enable the "Allow for all future sessions" option in tool confirmation dialogs.                                                                                         | `false` |
+| Blocks extensions from Git            | `security.blockGitExtensions`                   | Blocks installing and loading extensions from Git.                                                                                                                      | `false` |
+| Extension Source Regex Allowlist      | `security.allowedExtensions`                    | List of Regex patterns for allowed extensions. If nonempty, only extensions that match the patterns in this list are allowed. Overrides the blockGitExtensions setting. | `[]`    |
+| Folder Trust                          | `security.folderTrust.enabled`                  | Setting to track whether Folder trust is enabled.                                                                                                                       | `false` |
+| Enable Environment Variable Redaction | `security.environmentVariableRedaction.enabled` | Enable redaction of environment variables that may contain secrets.                                                                                                     | `false` |
 
 ### Experimental
 

docs/cli/skills.md

@@ -108,5 +108,5 @@ gemini skills disable my-expertise --scope workspace
 
 ## Creating your own skills
 
-To create your own skills, see the
-[Create Agent Skills](./guides/creating-skills.md) guide.
+To create your own skills, see the [Create Agent Skills](./creating-skills.md)
+guide.

docs/core/subagents.md

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ description: Specialized in finding security vulnerabilities in code.
 kind: local
 tools:
   - read_file
-  - search_file_content
+  - grep_search
 model: gemini-2.5-pro
 temperature: 0.2
 max_turns: 10

docs/get-started/configuration-v1.md

@@ -215,14 +215,6 @@ a few things you can try in order of recommendation:
     MCP servers of their own. This should not be used as an airtight security
     mechanism.
 
-- **`autoAccept`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Controls whether the CLI automatically accepts and executes
-    tool calls that are considered safe (e.g., read-only operations) without
-    explicit user confirmation. If set to `true`, the CLI will bypass the
-    confirmation prompt for tools deemed safe.
-  - **Default:** `false`
-  - **Example:** `"autoAccept": true`
-
 - **`theme`** (string):
   - **Description:** Sets the visual [theme](../cli/themes.md) for Gemini CLI.
   - **Default:** `"Default"`

docs/get-started/configuration.md

@@ -170,6 +170,15 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
     available options.
   - **Default:** `undefined`
 
+- **`ui.autoThemeSwitching`** (boolean):
+  - **Description:** Automatically switch between default light and dark themes
+    based on terminal background color.
+  - **Default:** `true`
+
+- **`ui.terminalBackgroundPollingInterval`** (number):
+  - **Description:** Interval in seconds to poll the terminal background color.
+  - **Default:** `60`
+
 - **`ui.customThemes`** (object):
   - **Description:** Custom theme definitions.
   - **Default:** `{}`
@@ -326,6 +335,12 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Default:** `0.5`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
+- **`model.disableLoopDetection`** (boolean):
+  - **Description:** Disable automatic detection and prevention of infinite
+    loops.
+  - **Default:** `false`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
 - **`model.skipNextSpeakerCheck`** (boolean):
   - **Description:** Skip the next speaker check.
   - **Default:** `true`
@@ -661,11 +676,6 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
     performance.
   - **Default:** `true`
 
-- **`tools.autoAccept`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Automatically accept and execute tool calls that are
-    considered safe (e.g., read-only operations).
-  - **Default:** `false`
-
 - **`tools.approvalMode`** (enum):
   - **Description:** The default approval mode for tool execution. 'default'
     prompts for approval, 'auto_edit' auto-approves edit tools, and 'plan' is
@@ -733,12 +743,6 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Default:** `true`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
-- **`tools.enableHooks`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Enables the hooks system experiment. When disabled, the
-    hooks system is completely deactivated regardless of other settings.
-  - **Default:** `true`
-  - **Requires restart:** Yes
-
 #### `mcp`
 
 - **`mcp.serverCommand`** (string):
@@ -779,6 +783,13 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Default:** `false`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
+- **`security.allowedExtensions`** (array):
+  - **Description:** List of Regex patterns for allowed extensions. If nonempty,
+    only extensions that match the patterns in this list are allowed. Overrides
+    the blockGitExtensions setting.
+  - **Default:** `[]`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
 - **`security.folderTrust.enabled`** (boolean):
   - **Description:** Setting to track whether Folder trust is enabled.
   - **Default:** `false`
@@ -1165,6 +1176,13 @@ the `advanced.excludedEnvVars` setting in your `settings.json` file.
   - Specifies the default Gemini model to use.
   - Overrides the hardcoded default
   - Example: `export GEMINI_MODEL="gemini-3-flash-preview"`
+- **`GEMINI_CLI_HOME`**:
+  - Specifies the root directory for Gemini CLI's user-level configuration and
+    storage.
+  - By default, this is the user's system home directory. The CLI will create a
+    `.gemini` folder inside this directory.
+  - Useful for shared compute environments or keeping CLI state isolated.
+  - Example: `export GEMINI_CLI_HOME="/path/to/user/config"`
 - **`GOOGLE_API_KEY`**:
   - Your Google Cloud API key.
   - Required for using Vertex AI in express mode.

docs/hooks/reference.md

@@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ case is response validation and automatic retries.
   - `reason`: Required if denied. This text is sent **to the agent as a new
     prompt** to request a correction.
   - `continue`: Set to `false` to **stop the session** without retrying.
-  - `clearContext`: If `true`, clears conversation history (LLM memory) while
-    preserving UI display.
+  - `hookSpecificOutput.clearContext`: If `true`, clears conversation history
+    (LLM memory) while preserving UI display.
 - **Exit Code 2 (Retry)**: Rejects the response and triggers an automatic retry
   turn using `stderr` as the feedback prompt.
 

docs/index.md

@@ -1,149 +1,123 @@
-# Welcome to Gemini CLI documentation
+# Gemini CLI documentation
 
-This documentation provides a comprehensive guide to installing, using, and
-developing Gemini CLI, a tool that lets you interact with Gemini models through
-a command-line interface.
+Gemini CLI is an open-source AI agent that brings the power of Gemini directly
+into your terminal. It is designed to be a terminal-first, extensible, and
+powerful tool for developers, engineers, SREs, and beyond.
 
-## Gemini CLI overview
+Gemini CLI integrates with your local environment. It can read and edit files,
+execute shell commands, and search the web, all while maintaining your project
+context.
 
-Gemini CLI brings the capabilities of Gemini models to your terminal in an
-interactive Read-Eval-Print Loop (REPL) environment. Gemini CLI consists of a
-client-side application (`packages/cli`) that communicates with a local server
-(`packages/core`), which in turn manages requests to the Gemini API and its AI
-models. Gemini CLI also contains a variety of tools for tasks such as performing
-file system operations, running shells, and web fetching, which are managed by
-`packages/core`.
+## Get started
 
-## Navigating the documentation
+Begin your journey with Gemini CLI by setting up your environment and learning
+the basics.
 
-This documentation is organized into the following sections:
+- **[Quickstart](./get-started/index.md):** A streamlined guide to get you
+  chatting in minutes.
+- **[Installation](./get-started/installation.md):** Instructions for macOS,
+  Linux, and Windows.
+- **[Authentication](./get-started/authentication.md):** Set up access using
+  Google OAuth, API keys, or Vertex AI.
+- **[Examples](./get-started/examples.md):** View common usage scenarios to
+  inspire your own workflows.
 
-### Overview
+## Use Gemini CLI
 
-- **[Architecture overview](./architecture.md):** Understand the high-level
-  design of Gemini CLI, including its components and how they interact.
-- **[Contribution guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md):** Information for contributors and
-  developers, including setup, building, testing, and coding conventions.
+Master the core capabilities that let Gemini CLI interact with your system
+safely and effectively.
 
-### Get started
-
-- **[Gemini CLI quickstart](./get-started/index.md):** Let's get started with
-  Gemini CLI.
-- **[Gemini 3 Pro on Gemini CLI](./get-started/gemini-3.md):** Learn how to
-  enable and use Gemini 3.
-- **[Authentication](./get-started/authentication.md):** Authenticate to Gemini
-  CLI.
-- **[Configuration](./get-started/configuration.md):** Learn how to configure
-  the CLI.
-- **[Installation](./get-started/installation.md):** Install and run Gemini CLI.
-- **[Examples](./get-started/examples.md):** Example usage of Gemini CLI.
-
-### CLI
-
-- **[Introduction: Gemini CLI](./cli/index.md):** Overview of the command-line
+- **[Using the CLI](./cli/index.md):** Learn the basics of the command-line
   interface.
-- **[Commands](./cli/commands.md):** Description of available CLI commands.
-- **[Checkpointing](./cli/checkpointing.md):** Documentation for the
-  checkpointing feature.
-- **[Custom commands](./cli/custom-commands.md):** Create your own commands and
-  shortcuts for frequently used prompts.
-- **[Enterprise](./cli/enterprise.md):** Gemini CLI for enterprise.
-- **[Headless mode](./cli/headless.md):** Use Gemini CLI programmatically for
-  scripting and automation.
-- **[Keyboard shortcuts](./cli/keyboard-shortcuts.md):** A reference for all
-  keyboard shortcuts to improve your workflow.
-- **[Model selection](./cli/model.md):** Select the model used to process your
-  commands with `/model`.
-- **[Sandbox](./cli/sandbox.md):** Isolate tool execution in a secure,
-  containerized environment.
-- **[Agent Skills](./cli/skills.md):** Extend the CLI with specialized expertise
-  and procedural workflows.
-- **[Settings](./cli/settings.md):** Configure various aspects of the CLI's
-  behavior and appearance with `/settings`.
-- **[Telemetry](./cli/telemetry.md):** Overview of telemetry in the CLI.
-- **[Themes](./cli/themes.md):** Themes for Gemini CLI.
-- **[Token caching](./cli/token-caching.md):** Token caching and optimization.
-- **[Trusted Folders](./cli/trusted-folders.md):** An overview of the Trusted
-  Folders security feature.
-- **[Tutorials](./cli/tutorials.md):** Tutorials for Gemini CLI.
-- **[Uninstall](./cli/uninstall.md):** Methods for uninstalling the Gemini CLI.
+- **[File management](./tools/file-system.md):** Grant the model the ability to
+  read code and apply changes directly to your files.
+- **[Shell commands](./tools/shell.md):** Allow the model to run builds, tests,
+  and git commands.
+- **[Memory management](./tools/memory.md):** Teach Gemini CLI facts about your
+  project and preferences that persist across sessions.
+- **[Project context](./cli/gemini-md.md):** Use `GEMINI.md` files to provide
+  persistent context for your projects.
+- **[Web search and fetch](./tools/web-search.md):** Enable the model to fetch
+  real-time information from the internet.
+- **[Session management](./cli/session-management.md):** Save, resume, and
+  organize your chat sessions.
 
-### Core
+## Configuration
 
-- **[Introduction: Gemini CLI core](./core/index.md):** Information about Gemini
-  CLI core.
-- **[Memport](./core/memport.md):** Using the Memory Import Processor.
-- **[Tools API](./core/tools-api.md):** Information on how the core manages and
-  exposes tools.
-- **[System Prompt Override](./cli/system-prompt.md):** Replace built-in system
-  instructions using `GEMINI_SYSTEM_MD`.
+Customize Gemini CLI to match your workflow and preferences.
 
-- **[Policy Engine](./core/policy-engine.md):** Use the Policy Engine for
-  fine-grained control over tool execution.
+- **[Settings](./cli/settings.md):** Control response creativity, output
+  verbosity, and more.
+- **[Model selection](./cli/model.md):** Choose the best Gemini model for your
+  specific task.
+- **[Ignore files](./cli/gemini-ignore.md):** Use `.geminiignore` to keep
+  sensitive files out of the model's context.
+- **[Trusted folders](./cli/trusted-folders.md):** Define security boundaries
+  for file access and execution.
+- **[Token caching](./cli/token-caching.md):** Optimize performance and cost by
+  caching context.
+- **[Themes](./cli/themes.md):** Personalize the visual appearance of the CLI.
 
-### Tools
+## Advanced features
 
-- **[Introduction: Gemini CLI tools](./tools/index.md):** Information about
-  Gemini CLI's tools.
-- **[File system tools](./tools/file-system.md):** Documentation for the
-  `read_file` and `write_file` tools.
-- **[Shell tool](./tools/shell.md):** Documentation for the `run_shell_command`
-  tool.
-- **[Web fetch tool](./tools/web-fetch.md):** Documentation for the `web_fetch`
-  tool.
-- **[Web search tool](./tools/web-search.md):** Documentation for the
-  `google_web_search` tool.
-- **[Memory tool](./tools/memory.md):** Documentation for the `save_memory`
-  tool.
-- **[Todo tool](./tools/todos.md):** Documentation for the `write_todos` tool.
-- **[MCP servers](./tools/mcp-server.md):** Using MCP servers with Gemini CLI.
+Explore powerful features for complex workflows and enterprise environments.
 
-### Extensions
+- **[Headless mode](./cli/headless.md):** Run Gemini CLI in scripts or CI/CD
+  pipelines for automated reasoning.
+- **[Sandboxing](./cli/sandbox.md):** Execute untrusted code or tools in a
+  secure, isolated container.
+- **[Checkpointing](./cli/checkpointing.md):** Save and restore workspace state
+  to recover from experimental changes.
+- **[Custom commands](./cli/custom-commands.md):** Create shortcuts for
+  frequently used prompts.
+- **[System prompt override](./cli/system-prompt.md):** Customize the core
+  instructions given to the model.
+- **[Telemetry](./cli/telemetry.md):** Understand how usage data is collected
+  and managed.
+- **[Enterprise](./cli/enterprise.md):** Manage configurations and policies for
+  large teams.
 
-- **[Introduction: Extensions](./extensions/index.md):** How to extend the CLI
-  with new functionality.
+## Extensions
+
+Extend Gemini CLI's capabilities with new tools and behaviors using extensions.
+
+- **[Introduction](./extensions/index.md):** Learn about the extension system
+  and how to manage extensions.
 - **[Writing extensions](./extensions/writing-extensions.md):** Learn how to
-  build your own extension.
-- **[Extension releasing](./extensions/releasing.md):** How to release Gemini
-  CLI extensions.
+  create your first extension.
+- **[Extensions reference](./extensions/reference.md):** Deeply understand the
+  extension format, commands, and configuration.
+- **[Best practices](./extensions/best-practices.md):** Learn strategies for
+  building great extensions.
+- **[Extensions releasing](./extensions/releasing.md):** Learn how to share your
+  extensions with the world.
 
-### Hooks
+## Ecosystem and extensibility
 
-- **[Hooks](./hooks/index.md):** Intercept and customize Gemini CLI behavior at
-  key lifecycle points.
-- **[Writing Hooks](./hooks/writing-hooks.md):** Learn how to create your first
-  hook with a comprehensive example.
-- **[Best Practices](./hooks/best-practices.md):** Security, performance, and
-  debugging guidelines for hooks.
+Connect Gemini CLI to external services and other development tools.
 
-### IDE integration
+- **[MCP servers](./tools/mcp-server.md):** Connect to external services using
+  the Model Context Protocol.
+- **[IDE integration](./ide-integration/index.md):** Use Gemini CLI alongside VS
+  Code.
+- **[Hooks](./hooks/index.md):** (Preview) Write scripts that run on specific
+  CLI events.
+- **[Agent skills](./cli/skills.md):** (Preview) Add specialized expertise and
+  workflows.
+- **[Sub-agents](./core/subagents.md):** (Preview) Delegate tasks to specialized
+  agents.
 
-- **[Introduction to IDE integration](./ide-integration/index.md):** Connect the
-  CLI to your editor.
-- **[IDE companion extension spec](./ide-integration/ide-companion-spec.md):**
-  Spec for building IDE companion extensions.
+## Development and reference
 
-### Development
+Deep dive into the architecture and contribute to the project.
 
-- **[NPM](./npm.md):** Details on how the project's packages are structured.
-- **[Releases](./releases.md):** Information on the project's releases and
-  deployment cadence.
-- **[Changelog](./changelogs/index.md):** Highlights and notable changes to
+- **[Architecture](./architecture.md):** Understand the technical design of
   Gemini CLI.
-- **[Integration tests](./integration-tests.md):** Information about the
-  integration testing framework used in this project.
-- **[Issue and PR automation](./issue-and-pr-automation.md):** A detailed
-  overview of the automated processes we use to manage and triage issues and
-  pull requests.
-
-### Support
-
-- **[FAQ](./faq.md):** Frequently asked questions.
-- **[Troubleshooting guide](./troubleshooting.md):** Find solutions to common
-  problems.
-- **[Quota and pricing](./quota-and-pricing.md):** Learn about the free tier and
-  paid options.
-- **[Terms of service and privacy notice](./tos-privacy.md):** Information on
-  the terms of service and privacy notices applicable to your use of Gemini CLI.
-
-We hope this documentation helps you make the most of Gemini CLI!
+- **[Command reference](./cli/commands.md):** A complete list of available
+  commands.
+- **[Local development](./local-development.md):** Set up your environment to
+  contribute to Gemini CLI.
+- **[Contributing](../CONTRIBUTING.md):** Learn how to submit pull requests and
+  report issues.
+- **[FAQ](./faq.md):** Answers to common questions.
+- **[Troubleshooting](./troubleshooting.md):** Solutions for common issues.

docs/tools/file-system.md

@@ -117,14 +117,13 @@ directories) will be created.
   `Found 5 file(s) matching "*.ts" within src, sorted by modification time (newest first):\nsrc/file1.ts\nsrc/subdir/file2.ts...`
 - **Confirmation:** No.
 
-## 5. `search_file_content` (SearchText)
+## 5. `grep_search` (SearchText)
 
-`search_file_content` searches for a regular expression pattern within the
-content of files in a specified directory. Can filter files by a glob pattern.
-Returns the lines containing matches, along with their file paths and line
-numbers.
+`grep_search` searches for a regular expression pattern within the content of
+files in a specified directory. Can filter files by a glob pattern. Returns the
+lines containing matches, along with their file paths and line numbers.
 
-- **Tool name:** `search_file_content`
+- **Tool name:** `grep_search`
 - **Display name:** SearchText
 - **File:** `grep.ts`
 - **Parameters:**

evals/test-helper.ts

@@ -7,9 +7,13 @@
 import { it } from 'vitest';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
+import crypto from 'node:crypto';
 import { execSync } from 'node:child_process';
 import { TestRig } from '@google/gemini-cli-test-utils';
-import { createUnauthorizedToolError } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import {
+  createUnauthorizedToolError,
+  parseAgentMarkdown,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
 export * from '@google/gemini-cli-test-utils';
 
@@ -42,10 +46,55 @@ export function evalTest(policy: EvalPolicy, evalCase: EvalCase) {
       rig.setup(evalCase.name, evalCase.params);
 
       if (evalCase.files) {
+        const acknowledgedAgents: Record<string, Record<string, string>> = {};
+        const projectRoot = fs.realpathSync(rig.testDir!);
+
         for (const [filePath, content] of Object.entries(evalCase.files)) {
           const fullPath = path.join(rig.testDir!, filePath);
           fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(fullPath), { recursive: true });
           fs.writeFileSync(fullPath, content);
+
+          // If it's an agent file, calculate hash for acknowledgement
+          if (
+            filePath.startsWith('.gemini/agents/') &&
+            filePath.endsWith('.md')
+          ) {
+            const hash = crypto
+              .createHash('sha256')
+              .update(content)
+              .digest('hex');
+
+            try {
+              const agentDefs = await parseAgentMarkdown(fullPath, content);
+              if (agentDefs.length > 0) {
+                const agentName = agentDefs[0].name;
+                if (!acknowledgedAgents[projectRoot]) {
+                  acknowledgedAgents[projectRoot] = {};
+                }
+                acknowledgedAgents[projectRoot][agentName] = hash;
+              }
+            } catch (error) {
+              console.warn(
+                `Failed to parse agent for test acknowledgement: ${filePath}`,
+                error,
+              );
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Write acknowledged_agents.json to the home directory
+        if (Object.keys(acknowledgedAgents).length > 0) {
+          const ackPath = path.join(
+            rig.homeDir!,
+            '.gemini',
+            'acknowledgments',
+            'agents.json',
+          );
+          fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(ackPath), { recursive: true });
+          fs.writeFileSync(
+            ackPath,
+            JSON.stringify(acknowledgedAgents, null, 2),
+          );
         }
 
         const execOptions = { cwd: rig.testDir!, stdio: 'inherit' as const };
@@ -66,6 +115,7 @@ export function evalTest(policy: EvalPolicy, evalCase: EvalCase) {
       const result = await rig.run({
         args: evalCase.prompt,
         approvalMode: evalCase.approvalMode ?? 'yolo',
+        timeout: evalCase.timeout,
         env: {
           GEMINI_CLI_ACTIVITY_LOG_FILE: activityLogFile,
         },
@@ -88,6 +138,11 @@ export function evalTest(policy: EvalPolicy, evalCase: EvalCase) {
         });
       }
 
+      if (rig._lastRunStderr) {
+        const stderrFile = path.join(logDir, `${sanitizedName}.stderr.log`);
+        await fs.promises.writeFile(stderrFile, rig._lastRunStderr);
+      }
+
       await fs.promises.writeFile(
         logFile,
         JSON.stringify(rig.readToolLogs(), null, 2),
@@ -114,6 +169,7 @@ export interface EvalCase {
   name: string;
   params?: Record<string, any>;
   prompt: string;
+  timeout?: number;
   files?: Record<string, string>;
   approvalMode?: 'default' | 'auto_edit' | 'yolo' | 'plan';
   assert: (rig: TestRig, result: string) => Promise<void>;

integration-tests/acp-env-auth.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { TestRig } from './test-helper.js';
+import { spawn, ChildProcess } from 'node:child_process';
+import { join, resolve } from 'node:path';
+import { writeFileSync, mkdirSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { Writable, Readable } from 'node:stream';
+import { env } from 'node:process';
+import * as acp from '@agentclientprotocol/sdk';
+
+const sandboxEnv = env['GEMINI_SANDBOX'];
+const itMaybe = sandboxEnv && sandboxEnv !== 'false' ? it.skip : it;
+
+class MockClient implements acp.Client {
+  updates: acp.SessionNotification[] = [];
+  sessionUpdate = async (params: acp.SessionNotification) => {
+    this.updates.push(params);
+  };
+  requestPermission = async (): Promise<acp.RequestPermissionResponse> => {
+    throw new Error('unexpected');
+  };
+}
+
+describe('ACP Environment and Auth', () => {
+  let rig: TestRig;
+  let child: ChildProcess | undefined;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    rig = new TestRig();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    child?.kill();
+    child = undefined;
+    await rig.cleanup();
+  });
+
+  itMaybe(
+    'should load .env from project directory and use the provided API key',
+    async () => {
+      rig.setup('acp-env-loading');
+
+      // Create a project directory with a .env file containing a recognizable invalid key
+      const projectDir = resolve(join(rig.testDir!, 'project'));
+      mkdirSync(projectDir, { recursive: true });
+      writeFileSync(
+        join(projectDir, '.env'),
+        'GEMINI_API_KEY=test-key-from-env\n',
+      );
+
+      const bundlePath = join(import.meta.dirname, '..', 'bundle/gemini.js');
+
+      child = spawn('node', [bundlePath, '--experimental-acp'], {
+        cwd: rig.homeDir!,
+        stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'inherit'],
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          GEMINI_CLI_HOME: rig.homeDir!,
+          GEMINI_API_KEY: undefined,
+          VERBOSE: 'true',
+        },
+      });
+
+      const input = Writable.toWeb(child.stdin!);
+      const output = Readable.toWeb(
+        child.stdout!,
+      ) as ReadableStream<Uint8Array>;
+      const testClient = new MockClient();
+      const stream = acp.ndJsonStream(input, output);
+      const connection = new acp.ClientSideConnection(() => testClient, stream);
+
+      await connection.initialize({
+        protocolVersion: acp.PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+        clientCapabilities: {
+          fs: { readTextFile: false, writeTextFile: false },
+        },
+      });
+
+      // 1. newSession should succeed because it finds the key in .env
+      const { sessionId } = await connection.newSession({
+        cwd: projectDir,
+        mcpServers: [],
+      });
+
+      expect(sessionId).toBeDefined();
+
+      // 2. prompt should fail because the key is invalid,
+      // but the error should come from the API, not the internal auth check.
+      await expect(
+        connection.prompt({
+          sessionId,
+          prompt: [{ type: 'text', text: 'hello' }],
+        }),
+      ).rejects.toSatisfy((error: unknown) => {
+        const acpError = error as acp.RequestError;
+        const errorData = acpError.data as
+          | { error?: { message?: string } }
+          | undefined;
+        const message = String(errorData?.error?.message || acpError.message);
+        // It should NOT be our internal "Authentication required" message
+        expect(message).not.toContain('Authentication required');
+        // It SHOULD be an API error mentioning the invalid key
+        expect(message).toContain('API key not valid');
+        return true;
+      });
+
+      child.stdin!.end();
+    },
+  );
+
+  itMaybe(
+    'should fail with authRequired when no API key is found',
+    async () => {
+      rig.setup('acp-auth-failure');
+
+      const bundlePath = join(import.meta.dirname, '..', 'bundle/gemini.js');
+
+      child = spawn('node', [bundlePath, '--experimental-acp'], {
+        cwd: rig.homeDir!,
+        stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'inherit'],
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          GEMINI_CLI_HOME: rig.homeDir!,
+          GEMINI_API_KEY: undefined,
+          VERBOSE: 'true',
+        },
+      });
+
+      const input = Writable.toWeb(child.stdin!);
+      const output = Readable.toWeb(
+        child.stdout!,
+      ) as ReadableStream<Uint8Array>;
+      const testClient = new MockClient();
+      const stream = acp.ndJsonStream(input, output);
+      const connection = new acp.ClientSideConnection(() => testClient, stream);
+
+      await connection.initialize({
+        protocolVersion: acp.PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+        clientCapabilities: {
+          fs: { readTextFile: false, writeTextFile: false },
+        },
+      });
+
+      await expect(
+        connection.newSession({
+          cwd: resolve(rig.testDir!),
+          mcpServers: [],
+        }),
+      ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+        message: expect.stringContaining(
+          'Gemini API key is missing or not configured.',
+        ),
+      });
+
+      child.stdin!.end();
+    },
+  );
+});

integration-tests/ripgrep-real.test.ts

@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ class MockConfig {
     return true;
   }
 
+  getFileFilteringRespectGitIgnore() {
+    return true;
+  }
+
   getFileFilteringRespectGeminiIgnore() {
     return true;
   }

integration-tests/run_shell_command.test.ts

@@ -564,11 +564,17 @@ describe('run_shell_command', () => {
 
   it('rejects invalid shell expressions', async () => {
     await rig.setup('rejects invalid shell expressions', {
-      settings: { tools: { core: ['run_shell_command'] } },
+      settings: {
+        tools: {
+          core: ['run_shell_command'],
+          allowed: ['run_shell_command(echo)'], // Specifically allow echo
+        },
+      },
     });
     const invalidCommand = getInvalidCommand();
     const result = await rig.run({
       args: `I am testing the error handling of the run_shell_command tool. Please attempt to run the following command, which I know has invalid syntax: \`${invalidCommand}\`. If the command fails as expected, please return the word FAIL, otherwise return the word SUCCESS.`,
+      approvalMode: 'default', // Use default mode so safety fallback triggers confirmation
     });
     expect(result).toContain('FAIL');
 

packages/cli/src/config/auth.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { AuthType } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { loadEnvironment, loadSettings } from './settings.js';
 
 export function validateAuthMethod(authMethod: string): string | null {
-  loadEnvironment(loadSettings().merged);
+  loadEnvironment(loadSettings().merged, process.cwd());
   if (
     authMethod === AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE ||
     authMethod === AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC

packages/cli/src/config/config.test.ts

@@ -596,9 +596,9 @@ describe('parseArguments', () => {
 
   it('should set isCommand to true for hooks command', async () => {
     process.argv = ['node', 'script.js', 'hooks', 'migrate'];
-    // Hooks command enabled via tools settings
+    // Hooks command enabled via hooksConfig settings
     const settings = createTestMergedSettings({
-      tools: { enableHooks: true },
+      hooksConfig: { enabled: true },
     });
     const argv = await parseArguments(settings);
     expect(argv.isCommand).toBe(true);
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ describe('Approval mode tool exclusion logic', () => {
     });
 
     await expect(loadCliConfig(settings, 'test-session', argv)).rejects.toThrow(
-      'Cannot start in YOLO mode since it is disabled by your admin',
+      'YOLO mode is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
     );
   });
 
@@ -2928,7 +2928,7 @@ describe('loadCliConfig disableYoloMode', () => {
       security: { disableYoloMode: true },
     });
     await expect(loadCliConfig(settings, 'test-session', argv)).rejects.toThrow(
-      'Cannot start in YOLO mode since it is disabled by your admin',
+      'YOLO mode is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
     );
   });
 });
@@ -2960,7 +2960,7 @@ describe('loadCliConfig secureModeEnabled', () => {
     });
 
     await expect(loadCliConfig(settings, 'test-session', argv)).rejects.toThrow(
-      'Cannot start in YOLO mode since it is disabled by your admin',
+      'YOLO mode is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
     );
   });
 
@@ -2974,7 +2974,7 @@ describe('loadCliConfig secureModeEnabled', () => {
     });
 
     await expect(loadCliConfig(settings, 'test-session', argv)).rejects.toThrow(
-      'Cannot start in YOLO mode since it is disabled by your admin',
+      'YOLO mode is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
     );
   });
 

packages/cli/src/config/config.ts

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import {
   type OutputFormat,
   coreEvents,
   GEMINI_MODEL_ALIAS_AUTO,
+  getAdminErrorMessage,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import {
   type Settings,
@@ -308,7 +309,7 @@ export async function parseArguments(
     yargsInstance.command(skillsCommand);
   }
   // Register hooks command if hooks are enabled
-  if (settings.tools?.enableHooks) {
+  if (settings.hooksConfig.enabled) {
     yargsInstance.command(hooksCommand);
   }
 
@@ -432,7 +433,7 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
   const ideMode = settings.ide?.enabled ?? false;
 
   const folderTrust = settings.security?.folderTrust?.enabled ?? false;
-  const trustedFolder = isWorkspaceTrusted(settings)?.isTrusted ?? false;
+  const trustedFolder = isWorkspaceTrusted(settings, cwd)?.isTrusted ?? false;
 
   // Set the context filename in the server's memoryTool module BEFORE loading memory
   // TODO(b/343434939): This is a bit of a hack. The contextFileName should ideally be passed
@@ -550,7 +551,7 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
         );
       }
       throw new FatalConfigError(
-        'Cannot start in YOLO mode since it is disabled by your admin',
+        getAdminErrorMessage('YOLO mode', undefined /* config */),
       );
     }
   } else if (approvalMode === ApprovalMode.YOLO) {
@@ -761,6 +762,7 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
     noBrowser: !!process.env['NO_BROWSER'],
     summarizeToolOutput: settings.model?.summarizeToolOutput,
     ideMode,
+    disableLoopDetection: settings.model?.disableLoopDetection,
     compressionThreshold: settings.model?.compressionThreshold,
     folderTrust,
     interactive,
@@ -790,10 +792,8 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
     acceptRawOutputRisk: argv.acceptRawOutputRisk,
     modelConfigServiceConfig: settings.modelConfigs,
     // TODO: loading of hooks based on workspace trust
-    enableHooks:
-      (settings.tools?.enableHooks ?? true) &&
-      (settings.hooksConfig?.enabled ?? true),
-    enableHooksUI: settings.tools?.enableHooks ?? true,
+    enableHooks: settings.hooksConfig.enabled,
+    enableHooksUI: settings.hooksConfig.enabled,
     hooks: settings.hooks || {},
     disabledHooks: settings.hooksConfig?.disabled || [],
     projectHooks: projectHooks || {},

packages/cli/src/config/extension-manager-hydration.test.ts

@@ -227,7 +227,6 @@ System using model: \${MODEL_NAME}
       settings: createTestMergedSettings({
         telemetry: { enabled: false },
         experimental: { extensionConfig: true },
-        tools: { enableHooks: true },
         hooksConfig: { enabled: true },
       }),
       requestConsent: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(true),

packages/cli/src/config/extension-manager-themes.spec.ts

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ describe('ExtensionManager theme loading', () => {
         experimental: { extensionConfig: true },
         security: { blockGitExtensions: false },
         admin: { extensions: { enabled: true }, mcp: { enabled: true } },
-        tools: { enableHooks: true },
       }),
       requestConsent: async () => true,
       requestSetting: async () => '',

packages/cli/src/config/extension-manager.ts

@@ -144,6 +144,26 @@ export class ExtensionManager extends ExtensionLoader {
     previousExtensionConfig?: ExtensionConfig,
   ): Promise<GeminiCLIExtension> {
     if (
+      this.settings.security?.allowedExtensions &&
+      this.settings.security?.allowedExtensions.length > 0
+    ) {
+      const extensionAllowed = this.settings.security?.allowedExtensions.some(
+        (pattern) => {
+          try {
+            return new RegExp(pattern).test(installMetadata.source);
+          } catch (e) {
+            throw new Error(
+              `Invalid regex pattern in allowedExtensions setting: "${pattern}. Error: ${getErrorMessage(e)}`,
+            );
+          }
+        },
+      );
+      if (!extensionAllowed) {
+        throw new Error(
+          `Installing extension from source "${installMetadata.source}" is not allowed by the "allowedExtensions" security setting.`,
+        );
+      }
+    } else if (
       (installMetadata.type === 'git' ||
         installMetadata.type === 'github-release') &&
       this.settings.security.blockGitExtensions
@@ -152,6 +172,7 @@ export class ExtensionManager extends ExtensionLoader {
         'Installing extensions from remote sources is disallowed by your current settings.',
       );
     }
+
     const isUpdate = !!previousExtensionConfig;
     let newExtensionConfig: ExtensionConfig | null = null;
     let localSourcePath: string | undefined;
@@ -522,10 +543,39 @@ Would you like to attempt to install via "git clone" instead?`,
     const installMetadata = loadInstallMetadata(extensionDir);
     let effectiveExtensionPath = extensionDir;
     if (
+      this.settings.security?.allowedExtensions &&
+      this.settings.security?.allowedExtensions.length > 0
+    ) {
+      if (!installMetadata?.source) {
+        throw new Error(
+          `Failed to load extension ${extensionDir}. The ${INSTALL_METADATA_FILENAME} file is missing or misconfigured.`,
+        );
+      }
+      const extensionAllowed = this.settings.security?.allowedExtensions.some(
+        (pattern) => {
+          try {
+            return new RegExp(pattern).test(installMetadata?.source);
+          } catch (e) {
+            throw new Error(
+              `Invalid regex pattern in allowedExtensions setting: "${pattern}. Error: ${getErrorMessage(e)}`,
+            );
+          }
+        },
+      );
+      if (!extensionAllowed) {
+        debugLogger.warn(
+          `Failed to load extension ${extensionDir}. This extension is not allowed by the "allowedExtensions" security setting.`,
+        );
+        return null;
+      }
+    } else if (
       (installMetadata?.type === 'git' ||
         installMetadata?.type === 'github-release') &&
       this.settings.security.blockGitExtensions
     ) {
+      debugLogger.warn(
+        `Failed to load extension ${extensionDir}. Extensions from remote sources is disallowed by your current settings.`,
+      );
       return null;
     }
 
@@ -639,10 +689,7 @@ Would you like to attempt to install via "git clone" instead?`,
       };
 
       let hooks: { [K in HookEventName]?: HookDefinition[] } | undefined;
-      if (
-        this.settings.tools.enableHooks &&
-        this.settings.hooksConfig.enabled
-      ) {
+      if (this.settings.hooksConfig.enabled) {
         hooks = await this.loadExtensionHooks(
           effectiveExtensionPath,
           hydrationContext,

packages/cli/src/config/extension.test.ts

@@ -622,6 +622,7 @@ describe('extension tests', () => {
     });
 
     it('should not load github extensions if blockGitExtensions is set', async () => {
+      const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => {});
       createExtension({
         extensionsDir: userExtensionsDir,
         name: 'my-ext',
@@ -645,6 +646,73 @@ describe('extension tests', () => {
       const extension = extensions.find((e) => e.name === 'my-ext');
 
       expect(extension).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(consoleSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.stringContaining(
+          'Extensions from remote sources is disallowed by your current settings.',
+        ),
+      );
+      consoleSpy.mockRestore();
+    });
+
+    it('should load allowed extensions if the allowlist is set.', async () => {
+      createExtension({
+        extensionsDir: userExtensionsDir,
+        name: 'my-ext',
+        version: '1.0.0',
+        installMetadata: {
+          type: 'git',
+          source: 'http://allowed.com/foo/bar',
+        },
+      });
+      const extensionAllowlistSetting = createTestMergedSettings({
+        security: {
+          allowedExtensions: ['\\b(https?:\\/\\/)?(www\\.)?allowed\\.com\\S*'],
+        },
+      });
+      extensionManager = new ExtensionManager({
+        workspaceDir: tempWorkspaceDir,
+        requestConsent: mockRequestConsent,
+        requestSetting: mockPromptForSettings,
+        settings: extensionAllowlistSetting,
+      });
+      const extensions = await extensionManager.loadExtensions();
+
+      expect(extensions).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(extensions[0].name).toBe('my-ext');
+    });
+
+    it('should not load disallowed extensions if the allowlist is set.', async () => {
+      const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => {});
+      createExtension({
+        extensionsDir: userExtensionsDir,
+        name: 'my-ext',
+        version: '1.0.0',
+        installMetadata: {
+          type: 'git',
+          source: 'http://notallowed.com/foo/bar',
+        },
+      });
+      const extensionAllowlistSetting = createTestMergedSettings({
+        security: {
+          allowedExtensions: ['\\b(https?:\\/\\/)?(www\\.)?allowed\\.com\\S*'],
+        },
+      });
+      extensionManager = new ExtensionManager({
+        workspaceDir: tempWorkspaceDir,
+        requestConsent: mockRequestConsent,
+        requestSetting: mockPromptForSettings,
+        settings: extensionAllowlistSetting,
+      });
+      const extensions = await extensionManager.loadExtensions();
+      const extension = extensions.find((e) => e.name === 'my-ext');
+
+      expect(extension).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(consoleSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.stringContaining(
+          'This extension is not allowed by the "allowedExtensions" security setting',
+        ),
+      );
+      consoleSpy.mockRestore();
     });
 
     it('should not load any extensions if admin.extensions.enabled is false', async () => {
@@ -1116,6 +1184,30 @@ describe('extension tests', () => {
       );
     });
 
+    it('should not install a disallowed extension if the allowlist is set', async () => {
+      const gitUrl = 'https://somehost.com/somerepo.git';
+      const allowedExtensionsSetting = createTestMergedSettings({
+        security: {
+          allowedExtensions: ['\\b(https?:\\/\\/)?(www\\.)?allowed\\.com\\S*'],
+        },
+      });
+      extensionManager = new ExtensionManager({
+        workspaceDir: tempWorkspaceDir,
+        requestConsent: mockRequestConsent,
+        requestSetting: mockPromptForSettings,
+        settings: allowedExtensionsSetting,
+      });
+      await extensionManager.loadExtensions();
+      await expect(
+        extensionManager.installOrUpdateExtension({
+          source: gitUrl,
+          type: 'git',
+        }),
+      ).rejects.toThrow(
+        `Installing extension from source "${gitUrl}" is not allowed by the "allowedExtensions" security setting.`,
+      );
+    });
+
     it('should prompt for trust if workspace is not trusted', async () => {
       vi.mocked(isWorkspaceTrusted).mockReturnValue({
         isTrusted: false,

packages/cli/src/config/keyBindings.ts

@@ -72,6 +72,15 @@ export enum Command {
   OPEN_EXTERNAL_EDITOR = 'input.openExternalEditor',
   PASTE_CLIPBOARD = 'input.paste',
 
+  BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE = 'backgroundShellEscape',
+  BACKGROUND_SHELL_SELECT = 'backgroundShellSelect',
+  TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL = 'toggleBackgroundShell',
+  TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST = 'toggleBackgroundShellList',
+  KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL = 'backgroundShell.kill',
+  UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL = 'backgroundShell.unfocus',
+  UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST = 'backgroundShell.listUnfocus',
+  SHOW_BACKGROUND_SHELL_UNFOCUS_WARNING = 'backgroundShell.unfocusWarning',
+
   // App Controls
   SHOW_ERROR_DETAILS = 'app.showErrorDetails',
   SHOW_FULL_TODOS = 'app.showFullTodos',
@@ -139,7 +148,6 @@ export const defaultKeyBindings: KeyBindingConfig = {
   ],
   [Command.MOVE_LEFT]: [
     { key: 'left', shift: false, alt: false, ctrl: false, cmd: false },
-    { key: 'b', ctrl: true },
   ],
   [Command.MOVE_RIGHT]: [
     { key: 'right', shift: false, alt: false, ctrl: false, cmd: false },
@@ -265,6 +273,16 @@ export const defaultKeyBindings: KeyBindingConfig = {
   [Command.TOGGLE_COPY_MODE]: [{ key: 's', ctrl: true }],
   [Command.TOGGLE_YOLO]: [{ key: 'y', ctrl: true }],
   [Command.CYCLE_APPROVAL_MODE]: [{ key: 'tab', shift: true }],
+  [Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL]: [{ key: 'b', ctrl: true }],
+  [Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST]: [{ key: 'l', ctrl: true }],
+  [Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL]: [{ key: 'k', ctrl: true }],
+  [Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL]: [{ key: 'tab', shift: true }],
+  [Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST]: [{ key: 'tab', shift: false }],
+  [Command.SHOW_BACKGROUND_SHELL_UNFOCUS_WARNING]: [
+    { key: 'tab', shift: false },
+  ],
+  [Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_SELECT]: [{ key: 'return' }],
+  [Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE]: [{ key: 'escape' }],
   [Command.SHOW_MORE_LINES]: [
     { key: 'o', ctrl: true },
     { key: 's', ctrl: true },
@@ -379,6 +397,14 @@ export const commandCategories: readonly CommandCategory[] = [
       Command.TOGGLE_YOLO,
       Command.CYCLE_APPROVAL_MODE,
       Command.SHOW_MORE_LINES,
+      Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL,
+      Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST,
+      Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL,
+      Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_SELECT,
+      Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE,
+      Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL,
+      Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST,
+      Command.SHOW_BACKGROUND_SHELL_UNFOCUS_WARNING,
       Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT,
       Command.UNFOCUS_SHELL_INPUT,
       Command.CLEAR_SCREEN,
@@ -470,6 +496,14 @@ export const commandDescriptions: Readonly<Record<Command, string>> = {
     'Cycle through approval modes: default (prompt), auto_edit (auto-approve edits), and plan (read-only).',
   [Command.SHOW_MORE_LINES]:
     'Expand a height-constrained response to show additional lines when not in alternate buffer mode.',
+  [Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_SELECT]: 'Enter',
+  [Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE]: 'Esc',
+  [Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL]: 'Ctrl+B',
+  [Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST]: 'Ctrl+L',
+  [Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL]: 'Ctrl+K',
+  [Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL]: 'Shift+Tab',
+  [Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST]: 'Tab',
+  [Command.SHOW_BACKGROUND_SHELL_UNFOCUS_WARNING]: 'Tab',
   [Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT]: 'Focus the shell input from the gemini input.',
   [Command.UNFOCUS_SHELL_INPUT]: 'Focus the Gemini input from the shell input.',
   [Command.CLEAR_SCREEN]: 'Clear the terminal screen and redraw the UI.',

packages/cli/src/config/policy-engine.integration.test.ts

@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
     it('should handle complex mixed configurations', async () => {
       const settings: Settings = {
         tools: {
-          autoAccept: true, // Allows read-only tools
           allowed: ['custom-tool', 'my-server__special-tool'],
           exclude: ['glob', 'dangerous-tool'],
         },
@@ -438,7 +437,6 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
     it('should verify priority ordering works correctly in practice', async () => {
       const settings: Settings = {
         tools: {
-          autoAccept: true, // Priority 50
           allowed: ['specific-tool'], // Priority 100
           exclude: ['blocked-tool'], // Priority 200
         },
@@ -614,7 +612,6 @@ describe('Policy Engine Integration Tests', () => {
     it('should verify rules are created with correct priorities', async () => {
       const settings: Settings = {
         tools: {
-          autoAccept: true,
           allowed: ['tool1', 'tool2'],
           exclude: ['tool3'],
         },

packages/cli/src/config/settings-validation.test.ts

@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ describe('settings-validation', () => {
         },
         tools: {
           sandbox: 'inherit',
-          autoAccept: false,
         },
       };
 

packages/cli/src/config/settings.test.ts

@@ -29,10 +29,11 @@ vi.mock('./settings.js', async (importActual) => {
 });
 
 // Mock trustedFolders
+import * as trustedFolders from './trustedFolders.js';
 vi.mock('./trustedFolders.js', () => ({
-  isWorkspaceTrusted: vi
-    .fn()
-    .mockReturnValue({ isTrusted: true, source: 'file' }),
+  isWorkspaceTrusted: vi.fn(),
+  isFolderTrustEnabled: vi.fn(),
+  loadTrustedFolders: vi.fn(),
 }));
 
 vi.mock('./settingsSchema.js', async (importOriginal) => {
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ describe('Settings Loading and Merging', () => {
     (mockFsExistsSync as Mock).mockReturnValue(false);
     (fs.readFileSync as Mock).mockReturnValue('{}'); // Return valid empty JSON
     (mockFsMkdirSync as Mock).mockImplementation(() => undefined);
-    vi.mocked(isWorkspaceTrusted).mockReturnValue({
+    vi.spyOn(trustedFolders, 'isWorkspaceTrusted').mockReturnValue({
       isTrusted: true,
       source: 'file',
     });
@@ -1635,7 +1636,7 @@ describe('Settings Loading and Merging', () => {
     });
 
     it('should NOT merge workspace settings when workspace is not trusted', () => {
-      vi.mocked(isWorkspaceTrusted).mockReturnValue({
+      vi.spyOn(trustedFolders, 'isWorkspaceTrusted').mockReturnValue({
         isTrusted: false,
         source: 'file',
       });
@@ -1666,23 +1667,60 @@ describe('Settings Loading and Merging', () => {
       expect(settings.merged.context?.fileName).toBe('USER.md'); // User setting
       expect(settings.merged.ui?.theme).toBe('dark'); // User setting
     });
+
+    it('should NOT merge workspace settings when workspace trust is undefined', () => {
+      vi.spyOn(trustedFolders, 'isWorkspaceTrusted').mockReturnValue({
+        isTrusted: undefined,
+        source: undefined,
+      });
+      (mockFsExistsSync as Mock).mockReturnValue(true);
+      const userSettingsContent = {
+        ui: { theme: 'dark' },
+        tools: { sandbox: false },
+        context: { fileName: 'USER.md' },
+      };
+      const workspaceSettingsContent = {
+        tools: { sandbox: true },
+        context: { fileName: 'WORKSPACE.md' },
+      };
+
+      (fs.readFileSync as Mock).mockImplementation(
+        (p: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor) => {
+          if (p === USER_SETTINGS_PATH)
+            return JSON.stringify(userSettingsContent);
+          if (p === MOCK_WORKSPACE_SETTINGS_PATH)
+            return JSON.stringify(workspaceSettingsContent);
+          return '{}';
+        },
+      );
+
+      const settings = loadSettings(MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR);
+
+      expect(settings.merged.tools?.sandbox).toBe(false); // User setting
+      expect(settings.merged.context?.fileName).toBe('USER.md'); // User setting
+    });
   });
 
   describe('loadEnvironment', () => {
     function setup({
       isFolderTrustEnabled = true,
-      isWorkspaceTrustedValue = true,
+      isWorkspaceTrustedValue = true as boolean | undefined,
     }) {
       delete process.env['TESTTEST']; // reset
-      const geminiEnvPath = path.resolve(path.join(GEMINI_DIR, '.env'));
+      const geminiEnvPath = path.resolve(
+        path.join(MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR, GEMINI_DIR, '.env'),
+      );
 
-      vi.mocked(isWorkspaceTrusted).mockReturnValue({
+      vi.spyOn(trustedFolders, 'isWorkspaceTrusted').mockReturnValue({
         isTrusted: isWorkspaceTrustedValue,
         source: 'file',
       });
-      (mockFsExistsSync as Mock).mockImplementation((p: fs.PathLike) =>
-        [USER_SETTINGS_PATH, geminiEnvPath].includes(p.toString()),
-      );
+      (mockFsExistsSync as Mock).mockImplementation((p: fs.PathLike) => {
+        const normalizedP = path.resolve(p.toString());
+        return [path.resolve(USER_SETTINGS_PATH), geminiEnvPath].includes(
+          normalizedP,
+        );
+      });
       const userSettingsContent: Settings = {
         ui: {
           theme: 'dark',
@@ -1698,9 +1736,10 @@ describe('Settings Loading and Merging', () => {
       };
       (fs.readFileSync as Mock).mockImplementation(
         (p: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor) => {
-          if (p === USER_SETTINGS_PATH)
+          const normalizedP = path.resolve(p.toString());
+          if (normalizedP === path.resolve(USER_SETTINGS_PATH))
             return JSON.stringify(userSettingsContent);
-          if (p === geminiEnvPath) return 'TESTTEST=1234';
+          if (normalizedP === geminiEnvPath) return 'TESTTEST=1234';
           return '{}';
         },
       );
@@ -1708,14 +1747,34 @@ describe('Settings Loading and Merging', () => {
 
     it('sets environment variables from .env files', () => {
       setup({ isFolderTrustEnabled: false, isWorkspaceTrustedValue: true });
-      loadEnvironment(loadSettings(MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR).merged);
+      const settings = {
+        security: { folderTrust: { enabled: false } },
+      } as Settings;
+      loadEnvironment(settings, MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR, isWorkspaceTrusted);
 
       expect(process.env['TESTTEST']).toEqual('1234');
     });
 
     it('does not load env files from untrusted spaces', () => {
       setup({ isFolderTrustEnabled: true, isWorkspaceTrustedValue: false });
-      loadEnvironment(loadSettings(MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR).merged);
+      const settings = {
+        security: { folderTrust: { enabled: true } },
+      } as Settings;
+      loadEnvironment(settings, MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR, isWorkspaceTrusted);
+
+      expect(process.env['TESTTEST']).not.toEqual('1234');
+    });
+
+    it('does not load env files when trust is undefined', () => {
+      delete process.env['TESTTEST'];
+      // isWorkspaceTrusted returns {isTrusted: undefined} for matched rules with no trust value, or no matching rules.
+      setup({ isFolderTrustEnabled: true, isWorkspaceTrustedValue: undefined });
+      const settings = {
+        security: { folderTrust: { enabled: true } },
+      } as Settings;
+
+      const mockTrustFn = vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ isTrusted: undefined });
+      loadEnvironment(settings, MOCK_WORKSPACE_DIR, mockTrustFn);
 
       expect(process.env['TESTTEST']).not.toEqual('1234');
     });
@@ -1731,7 +1790,7 @@ describe('Settings Loading and Merging', () => {
       mockFsExistsSync.mockReturnValue(true);
       mockFsReadFileSync = vi.mocked(fs.readFileSync);
       mockFsReadFileSync.mockReturnValue('{}');
-      vi.mocked(isWorkspaceTrusted).mockReturnValue({
+      vi.spyOn(trustedFolders, 'isWorkspaceTrusted').mockReturnValue({
         isTrusted: true,
         source: undefined,
       });

packages/cli/src/config/settings.ts

@@ -50,7 +50,9 @@ import {
   formatValidationError,
 } from './settings-validation.js';
 
-function getMergeStrategyForPath(path: string[]): MergeStrategy | undefined {
+export function getMergeStrategyForPath(
+  path: string[],
+): MergeStrategy | undefined {
   let current: SettingDefinition | undefined = undefined;
   let currentSchema: SettingsSchema | undefined = getSettingsSchema();
   let parent: SettingDefinition | undefined = undefined;
@@ -432,10 +434,15 @@ export function setUpCloudShellEnvironment(envFilePath: string | null): void {
   }
 }
 
-export function loadEnvironment(settings: Settings): void {
-  const envFilePath = findEnvFile(process.cwd());
+export function loadEnvironment(
+  settings: Settings,
+  workspaceDir: string,
+  isWorkspaceTrustedFn = isWorkspaceTrusted,
+): void {
+  const envFilePath = findEnvFile(workspaceDir);
+  const trustResult = isWorkspaceTrustedFn(settings, workspaceDir);
 
-  if (!isWorkspaceTrusted(settings).isTrusted) {
+  if (trustResult.isTrusted !== true) {
     return;
   }
 
@@ -600,7 +607,8 @@ export function loadSettings(
     userSettings,
   );
   const isTrusted =
-    isWorkspaceTrusted(initialTrustCheckSettings as Settings).isTrusted ?? true;
+    isWorkspaceTrusted(initialTrustCheckSettings as Settings, workspaceDir)
+      .isTrusted ?? false;
 
   // Create a temporary merged settings object to pass to loadEnvironment.
   const tempMergedSettings = mergeSettings(
@@ -613,7 +621,7 @@ export function loadSettings(
 
   // loadEnvironment depends on settings so we have to create a temp version of
   // the settings to avoid a cycle
-  loadEnvironment(tempMergedSettings);
+  loadEnvironment(tempMergedSettings, workspaceDir);
 
   // Check for any fatal errors before proceeding
   const fatalErrors = settingsErrors.filter((e) => e.severity === 'error');

packages/cli/src/config/settingsSchema.ts

@@ -351,6 +351,26 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
           'The color theme for the UI. See the CLI themes guide for available options.',
         showInDialog: false,
       },
+      autoThemeSwitching: {
+        type: 'boolean',
+        label: 'Auto Theme Switching',
+        category: 'UI',
+        requiresRestart: false,
+        default: true,
+        description:
+          'Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal background color.',
+        showInDialog: true,
+      },
+      terminalBackgroundPollingInterval: {
+        type: 'number',
+        label: 'Terminal Background Polling Interval',
+        category: 'UI',
+        requiresRestart: false,
+        default: 60,
+        description:
+          'Interval in seconds to poll the terminal background color.',
+        showInDialog: true,
+      },
       customThemes: {
         type: 'object',
         label: 'Custom Themes',
@@ -739,6 +759,16 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
           'The fraction of context usage at which to trigger context compression (e.g. 0.2, 0.3).',
         showInDialog: true,
       },
+      disableLoopDetection: {
+        type: 'boolean',
+        label: 'Disable Loop Detection',
+        category: 'Model',
+        requiresRestart: true,
+        default: false,
+        description:
+          'Disable automatic detection and prevention of infinite loops.',
+        showInDialog: true,
+      },
       skipNextSpeakerCheck: {
         type: 'boolean',
         label: 'Skip Next Speaker Check',
@@ -1041,17 +1071,6 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
           },
         },
       },
-      autoAccept: {
-        type: 'boolean',
-        label: 'Auto Accept',
-        category: 'Tools',
-        requiresRestart: false,
-        default: false,
-        description: oneLine`
-          Automatically accept and execute tool calls that are considered safe (e.g., read-only operations).
-        `,
-        showInDialog: true,
-      },
       approvalMode: {
         type: 'enum',
         label: 'Approval Mode',
@@ -1179,16 +1198,6 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
         `,
         showInDialog: true,
       },
-      enableHooks: {
-        type: 'boolean',
-        label: 'Enable Hooks System (Experimental)',
-        category: 'Advanced',
-        requiresRestart: true,
-        default: true,
-        description:
-          'Enables the hooks system experiment. When disabled, the hooks system is completely deactivated regardless of other settings.',
-        showInDialog: false,
-      },
     },
   },
 
@@ -1278,6 +1287,17 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
         description: 'Blocks installing and loading extensions from Git.',
         showInDialog: true,
       },
+      allowedExtensions: {
+        type: 'array',
+        label: 'Extension Source Regex Allowlist',
+        category: 'Security',
+        requiresRestart: true,
+        default: [] as string[],
+        description:
+          'List of Regex patterns for allowed extensions. If nonempty, only extensions that match the patterns in this list are allowed. Overrides the blockGitExtensions setting.',
+        showInDialog: true,
+        items: { type: 'string' },
+      },
       folderTrust: {
         type: 'object',
         label: 'Folder Trust',

packages/cli/src/config/trustedFolders.test.ts

@@ -326,6 +326,19 @@ describe('isWorkspaceTrusted', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it('should use workspaceDir instead of process.cwd() when provided', () => {
+    mockCwd = '/home/user/untrusted';
+    const workspaceDir = '/home/user/projectA';
+    mockRules['/home/user/projectA'] = TrustLevel.TRUST_FOLDER;
+    mockRules['/home/user/untrusted'] = TrustLevel.DO_NOT_TRUST;
+
+    // process.cwd() is untrusted, but workspaceDir is trusted
+    expect(isWorkspaceTrusted(mockSettings, workspaceDir)).toEqual({
+      isTrusted: true,
+      source: 'file',
+    });
+  });
+
   it('should handle path normalization', () => {
     mockCwd = '/home/user/projectA';
     mockRules[`/home/user/../user/${path.basename('/home/user/projectA')}`] =

packages/cli/src/config/trustedFolders.ts

@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ export function isFolderTrustEnabled(settings: Settings): boolean {
 }
 
 function getWorkspaceTrustFromLocalConfig(
+  workspaceDir: string,
   trustConfig?: Record<string, TrustLevel>,
 ): TrustResult {
   const folders = loadTrustedFolders();
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ function getWorkspaceTrustFromLocalConfig(
     );
   }
 
-  const isTrusted = folders.isPathTrusted(process.cwd(), configToUse);
+  const isTrusted = folders.isPathTrusted(workspaceDir, configToUse);
   return {
     isTrusted,
     source: isTrusted !== undefined ? 'file' : undefined,
@@ -250,6 +251,7 @@ function getWorkspaceTrustFromLocalConfig(
 
 export function isWorkspaceTrusted(
   settings: Settings,
+  workspaceDir: string = process.cwd(),
   trustConfig?: Record<string, TrustLevel>,
 ): TrustResult {
   if (!isFolderTrustEnabled(settings)) {
@@ -262,5 +264,5 @@ export function isWorkspaceTrusted(
   }
 
   // Fall back to the local user configuration
-  return getWorkspaceTrustFromLocalConfig(trustConfig);
+  return getWorkspaceTrustFromLocalConfig(workspaceDir, trustConfig);
 }

packages/cli/src/deferred.test.ts

@@ -16,11 +16,10 @@ import type { ArgumentsCamelCase, CommandModule } from 'yargs';
 import type { MergedSettings } from './config/settings.js';
 import type { MockInstance } from 'vitest';
 
-const { mockRunExitCleanup, mockDebugLogger } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+const { mockRunExitCleanup, mockCoreEvents } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
   mockRunExitCleanup: vi.fn(),
-  mockDebugLogger: {
-    log: vi.fn(),
-    error: vi.fn(),
+  mockCoreEvents: {
+    emitFeedback: vi.fn(),
   },
 }));
 
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async () => {
   const actual = await vi.importActual('@google/gemini-cli-core');
   return {
     ...actual,
-    debugLogger: mockDebugLogger,
+    coreEvents: mockCoreEvents,
   };
 });
 
@@ -55,8 +54,7 @@ describe('deferred', () => {
   describe('runDeferredCommand', () => {
     it('should do nothing if no deferred command is set', async () => {
       await runDeferredCommand(createMockSettings());
-      expect(mockDebugLogger.log).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-      expect(mockDebugLogger.error).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mockCoreEvents.emitFeedback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(mockExit).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
@@ -85,8 +83,9 @@ describe('deferred', () => {
       const settings = createMockSettings({ mcp: { enabled: false } });
       await runDeferredCommand(settings);
 
-      expect(mockDebugLogger.error).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        'Error: MCP is disabled by your admin.',
+      expect(mockCoreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'error',
+        'MCP is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
       );
       expect(mockRunExitCleanup).toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(mockExit).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ExitCodes.FATAL_CONFIG_ERROR);
@@ -102,8 +101,9 @@ describe('deferred', () => {
       const settings = createMockSettings({ extensions: { enabled: false } });
       await runDeferredCommand(settings);
 
-      expect(mockDebugLogger.error).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        'Error: Extensions are disabled by your admin.',
+      expect(mockCoreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'error',
+        'Extensions is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
       );
       expect(mockRunExitCleanup).toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(mockExit).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ExitCodes.FATAL_CONFIG_ERROR);
@@ -119,8 +119,9 @@ describe('deferred', () => {
       const settings = createMockSettings({ skills: { enabled: false } });
       await runDeferredCommand(settings);
 
-      expect(mockDebugLogger.error).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        'Error: Agent skills are disabled by your admin.',
+      expect(mockCoreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'error',
+        'Agent skills is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
       );
       expect(mockRunExitCleanup).toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(mockExit).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ExitCodes.FATAL_CONFIG_ERROR);
@@ -183,8 +184,9 @@ describe('deferred', () => {
       const mcpSettings = createMockSettings({ mcp: { enabled: false } });
       await runDeferredCommand(mcpSettings);
 
-      expect(mockDebugLogger.error).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        'Error: MCP is disabled by your admin.',
+      expect(mockCoreEvents.emitFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'error',
+        'MCP is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
       );
     });
 

packages/cli/src/deferred.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,11 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 import type { ArgumentsCamelCase, CommandModule } from 'yargs';
-import { debugLogger, ExitCodes } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import {
+  coreEvents,
+  ExitCodes,
+  getAdminErrorMessage,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { runExitCleanup } from './utils/cleanup.js';
 import type { MergedSettings } from './config/settings.js';
 import process from 'node:process';
@@ -30,7 +34,10 @@ export async function runDeferredCommand(settings: MergedSettings) {
   const commandName = deferredCommand.commandName;
 
   if (commandName === 'mcp' && adminSettings?.mcp?.enabled === false) {
-    debugLogger.error('Error: MCP is disabled by your admin.');
+    coreEvents.emitFeedback(
+      'error',
+      getAdminErrorMessage('MCP', undefined /* config */),
+    );
     await runExitCleanup();
     process.exit(ExitCodes.FATAL_CONFIG_ERROR);
   }
@@ -39,13 +46,19 @@ export async function runDeferredCommand(settings: MergedSettings) {
     commandName === 'extensions' &&
     adminSettings?.extensions?.enabled === false
   ) {
-    debugLogger.error('Error: Extensions are disabled by your admin.');
+    coreEvents.emitFeedback(
+      'error',
+      getAdminErrorMessage('Extensions', undefined /* config */),
+    );
     await runExitCleanup();
     process.exit(ExitCodes.FATAL_CONFIG_ERROR);
   }
 
   if (commandName === 'skills' && adminSettings?.skills?.enabled === false) {
-    debugLogger.error('Error: Agent skills are disabled by your admin.');
+    coreEvents.emitFeedback(
+      'error',
+      getAdminErrorMessage('Agent skills', undefined /* config */),
+    );
     await runExitCleanup();
     process.exit(ExitCodes.FATAL_CONFIG_ERROR);
   }

packages/cli/src/gemini.tsx

@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ import { deleteSession, listSessions } from './utils/sessions.js';
 import { createPolicyUpdater } from './config/policy.js';
 import { ScrollProvider } from './ui/contexts/ScrollProvider.js';
 import { isAlternateBufferEnabled } from './ui/hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
+import { TerminalProvider } from './ui/contexts/TerminalContext.js';
 
 import { setupTerminalAndTheme } from './utils/terminalTheme.js';
 import { profiler } from './ui/components/DebugProfiler.js';
@@ -228,19 +229,21 @@ export async function startInteractiveUI(
               settings.merged.general.debugKeystrokeLogging
             }
           >
-            <ScrollProvider>
-              <SessionStatsProvider>
-                <VimModeProvider settings={settings}>
-                  <AppContainer
-                    config={config}
-                    startupWarnings={startupWarnings}
-                    version={version}
-                    resumedSessionData={resumedSessionData}
-                    initializationResult={initializationResult}
-                  />
-                </VimModeProvider>
-              </SessionStatsProvider>
-            </ScrollProvider>
+            <TerminalProvider>
+              <ScrollProvider>
+                <SessionStatsProvider>
+                  <VimModeProvider settings={settings}>
+                    <AppContainer
+                      config={config}
+                      startupWarnings={startupWarnings}
+                      version={version}
+                      resumedSessionData={resumedSessionData}
+                      initializationResult={initializationResult}
+                    />
+                  </VimModeProvider>
+                </SessionStatsProvider>
+              </ScrollProvider>
+            </TerminalProvider>
           </MouseProvider>
         </KeypressProvider>
       </SettingsContext.Provider>

packages/cli/src/nonInteractiveCli.test.ts

@@ -258,6 +258,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: 'Test input' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-1',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      'Test input',
     );
     expect(getWrittenOutput()).toBe('Hello World\n');
     // Note: Telemetry shutdown is now handled in runExitCleanup() in cleanup.ts
@@ -374,6 +377,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: 'Tool response' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-2',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      undefined,
     );
     expect(getWrittenOutput()).toBe('Final answer\n');
   });
@@ -531,6 +537,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       ],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-3',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      undefined,
     );
     expect(getWrittenOutput()).toBe('Sorry, let me try again.\n');
   });
@@ -670,6 +679,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       processedParts,
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-7',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      rawInput,
     );
 
     // 6. Assert the final output is correct
@@ -703,6 +715,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: 'Test input' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-1',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      'Test input',
     );
     expect(processStdoutSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       JSON.stringify(
@@ -833,6 +848,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: 'Empty response test' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-empty',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      'Empty response test',
     );
 
     // This should output JSON with empty response but include stats
@@ -967,6 +985,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: 'Prompt from command' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-slash',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      '/testcommand',
     );
 
     expect(getWrittenOutput()).toBe('Response from command\n');
@@ -1010,6 +1031,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: 'Slash command output' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-slash',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      '/help',
     );
     expect(getWrittenOutput()).toBe('Response to slash command\n');
     handleSlashCommandSpy.mockRestore();
@@ -1184,6 +1208,9 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
       [{ text: '/unknowncommand' }],
       expect.any(AbortSignal),
       'prompt-id-unknown',
+      undefined,
+      false,
+      '/unknowncommand',
     );
 
     expect(getWrittenOutput()).toBe('Response to unknown\n');

packages/cli/src/nonInteractiveCli.ts

@@ -301,6 +301,9 @@ export async function runNonInteractive({
           currentMessages[0]?.parts || [],
           abortController.signal,
           prompt_id,
+          undefined,
+          false,
+          turnCount === 1 ? input : undefined,
         );
 
         let responseText = '';

packages/cli/src/services/BuiltinCommandLoader.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ import {
   type CommandContext,
 } from '../ui/commands/types.js';
 import type { MessageActionReturn, Config } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
-import { isNightly, startupProfiler } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import {
+  isNightly,
+  startupProfiler,
+  getAdminErrorMessage,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { aboutCommand } from '../ui/commands/aboutCommand.js';
 import { agentsCommand } from '../ui/commands/agentsCommand.js';
 import { authCommand } from '../ui/commands/authCommand.js';
@@ -47,6 +51,7 @@ import { themeCommand } from '../ui/commands/themeCommand.js';
 import { toolsCommand } from '../ui/commands/toolsCommand.js';
 import { skillsCommand } from '../ui/commands/skillsCommand.js';
 import { settingsCommand } from '../ui/commands/settingsCommand.js';
+import { shellsCommand } from '../ui/commands/shellsCommand.js';
 import { vimCommand } from '../ui/commands/vimCommand.js';
 import { setupGithubCommand } from '../ui/commands/setupGithubCommand.js';
 import { terminalSetupCommand } from '../ui/commands/terminalSetupCommand.js';
@@ -101,7 +106,10 @@ export class BuiltinCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
               ): Promise<MessageActionReturn> => ({
                 type: 'message',
                 messageType: 'error',
-                content: 'Extensions are disabled by your admin.',
+                content: getAdminErrorMessage(
+                  'Extensions',
+                  this.config ?? undefined,
+                ),
               }),
             },
           ]
@@ -126,7 +134,7 @@ export class BuiltinCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
               ): Promise<MessageActionReturn> => ({
                 type: 'message',
                 messageType: 'error',
-                content: 'MCP is disabled by your admin.',
+                content: getAdminErrorMessage('MCP', this.config ?? undefined),
               }),
             },
           ]
@@ -157,13 +165,17 @@ export class BuiltinCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
                 ): Promise<MessageActionReturn> => ({
                   type: 'message',
                   messageType: 'error',
-                  content: 'Agent skills are disabled by your admin.',
+                  content: getAdminErrorMessage(
+                    'Agent skills',
+                    this.config ?? undefined,
+                  ),
                 }),
               },
             ]
           : [skillsCommand]
         : []),
       settingsCommand,
+      shellsCommand,
       vimCommand,
       setupGithubCommand,
       terminalSetupCommand,

packages/cli/src/test-utils/render.tsx

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import {
 import { type HistoryItemToolGroup, StreamingState } from '../ui/types.js';
 import { ToolActionsProvider } from '../ui/contexts/ToolActionsContext.js';
 import { AskUserActionsProvider } from '../ui/contexts/AskUserActionsContext.js';
+import { TerminalProvider } from '../ui/contexts/TerminalContext.js';
 
 import { makeFakeConfig, type Config } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { FakePersistentState } from './persistentStateFake.js';
@@ -157,6 +158,9 @@ const baseMockUiState = {
   terminalHeight: 40,
   currentModel: 'gemini-pro',
   terminalBackgroundColor: undefined,
+  activePtyId: undefined,
+  backgroundShells: new Map(),
+  backgroundShellHeight: 0,
 };
 
 export const mockAppState: AppState = {
@@ -201,7 +205,11 @@ const mockUIActions: UIActions = {
   handleApiKeyCancel: vi.fn(),
   setBannerVisible: vi.fn(),
   setEmbeddedShellFocused: vi.fn(),
+  dismissBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
+  setActiveBackgroundShellPid: vi.fn(),
+  setIsBackgroundShellListOpen: vi.fn(),
   setAuthContext: vi.fn(),
+  handleWarning: vi.fn(),
   handleRestart: vi.fn(),
   handleNewAgentsSelect: vi.fn(),
 };
@@ -310,16 +318,18 @@ export const renderWithProviders = (
                           <MouseProvider
                             mouseEventsEnabled={mouseEventsEnabled}
                           >
-                            <ScrollProvider>
-                              <Box
-                                width={terminalWidth}
-                                flexShrink={0}
-                                flexGrow={0}
-                                flexDirection="column"
-                              >
-                                {component}
-                              </Box>
-                            </ScrollProvider>
+                            <TerminalProvider>
+                              <ScrollProvider>
+                                <Box
+                                  width={terminalWidth}
+                                  flexShrink={0}
+                                  flexGrow={0}
+                                  flexDirection="column"
+                                >
+                                  {component}
+                                </Box>
+                              </ScrollProvider>
+                            </TerminalProvider>
                           </MouseProvider>
                         </KeypressProvider>
                       </AskUserActionsProvider>

packages/cli/src/ui/App.test.tsx

@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ describe('App', () => {
       defaultText: 'Mock Banner Text',
       warningText: '',
     },
+    backgroundShells: new Map(),
   };
 
   it('should render main content and composer when not quitting', () => {
@@ -234,7 +235,6 @@ describe('App', () => {
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Tips for getting started');
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Notifications');
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Action Required'); // From ToolConfirmationQueue
-    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('1 of 1');
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Composer');
     expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
   });

packages/cli/src/ui/AppContainer.test.tsx

@@ -32,13 +32,7 @@ import {
   UserAccountManager,
   type ContentGeneratorConfig,
   type AgentDefinition,
-  MessageBusType,
-  QuestionType,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
-import {
-  AskUserActionsContext,
-  type AskUserState,
-} from './contexts/AskUserActionsContext.js';
 
 // Mock coreEvents
 const mockCoreEvents = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -124,11 +118,9 @@ vi.mock('ink', async (importOriginal) => {
 // so we can assert against them in our tests.
 let capturedUIState: UIState;
 let capturedUIActions: UIActions;
-let capturedAskUserRequest: AskUserState | null;
 function TestContextConsumer() {
   capturedUIState = useContext(UIStateContext)!;
   capturedUIActions = useContext(UIActionsContext)!;
-  capturedAskUserRequest = useContext(AskUserActionsContext)?.request ?? null;
   return null;
 }
 
@@ -165,6 +157,12 @@ vi.mock('./components/shared/text-buffer.js');
 vi.mock('./hooks/useLogger.js');
 vi.mock('./hooks/useInputHistoryStore.js');
 vi.mock('./hooks/useHookDisplayState.js');
+vi.mock('./hooks/useTerminalTheme.js', () => ({
+  useTerminalTheme: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+import { useHookDisplayState } from './hooks/useHookDisplayState.js';
+import { useTerminalTheme } from './hooks/useTerminalTheme.js';
 
 // Mock external utilities
 vi.mock('../utils/events.js');
@@ -193,7 +191,6 @@ import { useTextBuffer } from './components/shared/text-buffer.js';
 import { useLogger } from './hooks/useLogger.js';
 import { useLoadingIndicator } from './hooks/useLoadingIndicator.js';
 import { useInputHistoryStore } from './hooks/useInputHistoryStore.js';
-import { useHookDisplayState } from './hooks/useHookDisplayState.js';
 import { useKeypress, type Key } from './hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { measureElement } from 'ink';
 import { useTerminalSize } from './hooks/useTerminalSize.js';
@@ -268,6 +265,26 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
   const mockedUseKeypress = useKeypress as Mock;
   const mockedUseInputHistoryStore = useInputHistoryStore as Mock;
   const mockedUseHookDisplayState = useHookDisplayState as Mock;
+  const mockedUseTerminalTheme = useTerminalTheme as Mock;
+
+  const DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK = {
+    streamingState: 'idle',
+    submitQuery: vi.fn(),
+    initError: null,
+    pendingHistoryItems: [],
+    thought: null,
+    cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
+    handleApprovalModeChange: vi.fn(),
+    activePtyId: null,
+    loopDetectionConfirmationRequest: null,
+    backgroundShellCount: 0,
+    isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
+    toggleBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundCurrentShell: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundShells: new Map(),
+    registerBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
+    dismissBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
+  };
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
@@ -279,7 +296,6 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     mocks.mockStdout.write.mockClear();
 
     capturedUIState = null!;
-    capturedAskUserRequest = null;
 
     // **Provide a default return value for EVERY mocked hook.**
     mockedUseQuotaAndFallback.mockReturnValue({
@@ -334,14 +350,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       handleNewMessage: vi.fn(),
       clearConsoleMessages: vi.fn(),
     });
-    mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-      streamingState: 'idle',
-      submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-      initError: null,
-      pendingHistoryItems: [],
-      thought: null,
-      cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
-    });
+    mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue(DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK);
     mockedUseVim.mockReturnValue({ handleInput: vi.fn() });
     mockedUseFolderTrust.mockReturnValue({
       isFolderTrustDialogOpen: false,
@@ -368,7 +377,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     mockedUseTextBuffer.mockReturnValue({
       text: '',
       setText: vi.fn(),
-      // Add other properties if AppContainer uses them
+      lines: [''],
+      cursor: [0, 0],
+      handleInput: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
     });
     mockedUseLogger.mockReturnValue({
       getPreviousUserMessages: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
@@ -383,6 +394,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       currentLoadingPhrase: '',
     });
     mockedUseHookDisplayState.mockReturnValue([]);
+    mockedUseTerminalTheme.mockReturnValue(undefined);
 
     // Mock Config
     mockConfig = makeFakeConfig();
@@ -1193,12 +1205,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
       // Mock the streaming state as Active
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'responding',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
         thought: { subject: 'Some thought' },
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1234,12 +1243,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
       // Mock the streaming state
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'responding',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
         thought: { subject: 'Some thought' },
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1306,12 +1312,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       // Mock the streaming state and thought
       const thoughtSubject = 'Processing request';
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'responding',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
         thought: { subject: thoughtSubject },
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1347,14 +1350,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       } as unknown as LoadedSettings;
 
       // Mock the streaming state as Idle with no thought
-      mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-        streamingState: 'idle',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
-        thought: null,
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
-      });
+      mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue(DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK);
 
       // Act: Render the container
       const { unmount } = renderAppContainer({
@@ -1391,12 +1387,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       // Mock the streaming state and thought
       const thoughtSubject = 'Confirm tool execution';
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'waiting_for_confirmation',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
         thought: { subject: thoughtSubject },
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1448,16 +1441,11 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
         // Mock an active shell pty but not focused
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+          ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           streamingState: 'responding',
-          submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-          initError: null,
-          pendingHistoryItems: [],
           thought: { subject: 'Executing shell command' },
-          cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
           pendingToolCalls: [],
-          handleApprovalModeChange: vi.fn(),
           activePtyId: 'pty-1',
-          loopDetectionConfirmationRequest: null,
           lastOutputTime: startTime + 100, // Trigger aggressive delay
           retryStatus: null,
         });
@@ -1512,12 +1500,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
         // Mock an active shell pty with redirection active
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+          ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           streamingState: 'responding',
-          submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-          initError: null,
-          pendingHistoryItems: [],
           thought: { subject: 'Executing shell command' },
-          cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
           pendingToolCalls: [
             {
               request: {
@@ -1527,9 +1512,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
               status: 'executing',
             } as unknown as TrackedToolCall,
           ],
-          handleApprovalModeChange: vi.fn(),
           activePtyId: 'pty-1',
-          loopDetectionConfirmationRequest: null,
           lastOutputTime: startTime,
           retryStatus: null,
         });
@@ -1587,16 +1570,11 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
         // Mock an active shell pty with NO output since operation started (silent)
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+          ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           streamingState: 'responding',
-          submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-          initError: null,
-          pendingHistoryItems: [],
           thought: { subject: 'Executing shell command' },
-          cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
           pendingToolCalls: [],
-          handleApprovalModeChange: vi.fn(),
           activePtyId: 'pty-1',
-          loopDetectionConfirmationRequest: null,
           lastOutputTime: startTime, // lastOutputTime <= operationStartTime
           retryStatus: null,
         });
@@ -1643,12 +1621,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         // Mock an active shell pty but not focused
         let lastOutputTime = startTime + 1000;
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockImplementation(() => ({
+          ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           streamingState: 'responding',
-          submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-          initError: null,
-          pendingHistoryItems: [],
           thought: { subject: 'Executing shell command' },
-          cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
           activePtyId: 'pty-1',
           lastOutputTime,
         }));
@@ -1669,12 +1644,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         // Update lastOutputTime to simulate new output
         lastOutputTime = startTime + 21000;
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockImplementation(() => ({
+          ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           streamingState: 'responding',
-          submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-          initError: null,
-          pendingHistoryItems: [],
           thought: { subject: 'Executing shell command' },
-          cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
           activePtyId: 'pty-1',
           lastOutputTime,
         }));
@@ -1734,12 +1706,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       // Mock the streaming state and thought with a short subject
       const shortTitle = 'Short';
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'responding',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
         thought: { subject: shortTitle },
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1778,12 +1747,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       // Mock the streaming state and thought
       const title = 'Test Title';
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'responding',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
         thought: { subject: title },
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1821,12 +1787,8 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
       // Mock the streaming state
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         streamingState: 'responding',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
-        thought: null,
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       // Act: Render the container
@@ -1928,12 +1890,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       mockedMeasureElement.mockReturnValue({ width: 80, height: 10 }); // Footer is taller than the screen
 
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-        streamingState: 'idle',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
-        thought: null,
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         activePtyId: 'some-id',
       });
 
@@ -1952,7 +1909,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
   });
 
   describe('Keyboard Input Handling (CTRL+C / CTRL+D)', () => {
-    let handleGlobalKeypress: (key: Key) => void;
+    let handleGlobalKeypress: (key: Key) => boolean;
     let mockHandleSlashCommand: Mock;
     let mockCancelOngoingRequest: Mock;
     let rerender: () => void;
@@ -1987,9 +1944,11 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
     beforeEach(() => {
       // Capture the keypress handler from the AppContainer
-      mockedUseKeypress.mockImplementation((callback: (key: Key) => void) => {
-        handleGlobalKeypress = callback;
-      });
+      mockedUseKeypress.mockImplementation(
+        (callback: (key: Key) => boolean) => {
+          handleGlobalKeypress = callback;
+        },
+      );
 
       // Mock slash command handler
       mockHandleSlashCommand = vi.fn();
@@ -2005,11 +1964,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       // Mock request cancellation
       mockCancelOngoingRequest = vi.fn();
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-        streamingState: 'idle',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
-        thought: null,
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         cancelOngoingRequest: mockCancelOngoingRequest,
       });
 
@@ -2017,6 +1972,9 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       mockedUseTextBuffer.mockReturnValue({
         text: '',
         setText: vi.fn(),
+        lines: [''],
+        cursor: [0, 0],
+        handleInput: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
       });
 
       vi.useFakeTimers();
@@ -2030,11 +1988,8 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     describe('CTRL+C', () => {
       it('should cancel ongoing request on first press', async () => {
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
+          ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           streamingState: 'responding',
-          submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-          initError: null,
-          pendingHistoryItems: [],
-          thought: null,
           cancelOngoingRequest: mockCancelOngoingRequest,
         });
         await setupKeypressTest();
@@ -2079,19 +2034,6 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     });
 
     describe('CTRL+D', () => {
-      it('should do nothing if text buffer is not empty', async () => {
-        mockedUseTextBuffer.mockReturnValue({
-          text: 'some text',
-          setText: vi.fn(),
-        });
-        await setupKeypressTest();
-
-        pressKey({ name: 'd', ctrl: true }, 2);
-
-        expect(mockHandleSlashCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-        unmount();
-      });
-
       it('should quit on second press if buffer is empty', async () => {
         await setupKeypressTest();
 
@@ -2106,6 +2048,50 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         unmount();
       });
 
+      it('should NOT quit if buffer is not empty (bubbles from InputPrompt)', async () => {
+        mockedUseTextBuffer.mockReturnValue({
+          text: 'some text',
+          setText: vi.fn(),
+          lines: ['some text'],
+          cursor: [0, 9], // At the end
+          handleInput: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        });
+        await setupKeypressTest();
+
+        // Capture return value
+        let result = true;
+        const originalPressKey = (key: Partial<Key>) => {
+          act(() => {
+            result = handleGlobalKeypress({
+              name: 'd',
+              shift: false,
+              alt: false,
+              ctrl: true,
+              cmd: false,
+              ...key,
+            } as Key);
+          });
+          rerender();
+        };
+
+        originalPressKey({ name: 'd', ctrl: true });
+
+        // AppContainer's handler should return true if it reaches it
+        expect(result).toBe(true);
+        // But it should only be called once, so count is 1, not quitting yet.
+        expect(mockHandleSlashCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+        originalPressKey({ name: 'd', ctrl: true });
+        // Now count is 2, it should quit.
+        expect(mockHandleSlashCommand).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+          '/quit',
+          undefined,
+          undefined,
+          false,
+        );
+        unmount();
+      });
+
       it('should reset press count after a timeout', async () => {
         await setupKeypressTest();
 
@@ -2125,7 +2111,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
   });
 
   describe('Copy Mode (CTRL+S)', () => {
-    let handleGlobalKeypress: (key: Key) => void;
+    let handleGlobalKeypress: (key: Key) => boolean;
     let rerender: () => void;
     let unmount: () => void;
 
@@ -2155,9 +2141,11 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
     beforeEach(() => {
       mocks.mockStdout.write.mockClear();
-      mockedUseKeypress.mockImplementation((callback: (key: Key) => void) => {
-        handleGlobalKeypress = callback;
-      });
+      mockedUseKeypress.mockImplementation(
+        (callback: (key: Key) => boolean) => {
+          handleGlobalKeypress = callback;
+        },
+      );
       vi.useFakeTimers();
     });
 
@@ -2510,6 +2498,59 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       expect(capturedUIState.activeHooks).toEqual(mockHooks);
       unmount!();
     });
+
+    it('handles consent request events', async () => {
+      let unmount: () => void;
+      await act(async () => {
+        const result = renderAppContainer();
+        unmount = result.unmount;
+      });
+      await waitFor(() => expect(capturedUIState).toBeTruthy());
+
+      const handler = mockCoreEvents.on.mock.calls.find(
+        (call: unknown[]) => call[0] === CoreEvent.ConsentRequest,
+      )?.[1];
+      expect(handler).toBeDefined();
+
+      const onConfirm = vi.fn();
+      const payload = {
+        prompt: 'Do you consent?',
+        onConfirm,
+      };
+
+      act(() => {
+        handler(payload);
+      });
+
+      expect(capturedUIState.authConsentRequest).toBeDefined();
+      expect(capturedUIState.authConsentRequest?.prompt).toBe(
+        'Do you consent?',
+      );
+
+      act(() => {
+        capturedUIState.authConsentRequest?.onConfirm(true);
+      });
+
+      expect(onConfirm).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true);
+      expect(capturedUIState.authConsentRequest).toBeNull();
+      unmount!();
+    });
+
+    it('unsubscribes from ConsentRequest on unmount', async () => {
+      let unmount: () => void;
+      await act(async () => {
+        const result = renderAppContainer();
+        unmount = result.unmount;
+      });
+      await waitFor(() => expect(capturedUIState).toBeTruthy());
+
+      unmount!();
+
+      expect(mockCoreEvents.off).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        CoreEvent.ConsentRequest,
+        expect.any(Function),
+      );
+    });
   });
 
   describe('Shell Interaction', () => {
@@ -2521,12 +2562,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         });
 
       mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
-        streamingState: 'idle',
-        submitQuery: vi.fn(),
-        initError: null,
-        pendingHistoryItems: [],
-        thought: null,
-        cancelOngoingRequest: vi.fn(),
+        ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
         activePtyId: 'some-pty-id', // Make sure activePtyId is set
       });
 
@@ -2676,41 +2712,6 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
       unmount!();
     });
-
-    it('should show ask user dialog when request is received', async () => {
-      let unmount: () => void;
-      await act(async () => {
-        const result = renderAppContainer();
-        unmount = result.unmount;
-      });
-
-      const questions = [
-        {
-          question: 'What is your favorite color?',
-          header: 'Color Preference',
-          type: QuestionType.TEXT,
-        },
-      ];
-
-      await act(async () => {
-        await mockConfig.getMessageBus().publish({
-          type: MessageBusType.ASK_USER_REQUEST,
-          questions,
-          correlationId: 'test-id',
-        });
-      });
-
-      await waitFor(
-        () => {
-          expect(capturedAskUserRequest).not.toBeNull();
-          expect(capturedAskUserRequest?.questions).toEqual(questions);
-          expect(capturedAskUserRequest?.correlationId).toBe('test-id');
-        },
-        { timeout: 2000 },
-      );
-
-      unmount!();
-    });
   });
 
   describe('Regression Tests', () => {

packages/cli/src/ui/AppContainer.tsx

@@ -27,13 +27,10 @@ import {
   type HistoryItemWithoutId,
   type HistoryItemToolGroup,
   AuthState,
+  type ConfirmationRequest,
 } from './types.js';
 import { MessageType, StreamingState } from './types.js';
 import { ToolActionsProvider } from './contexts/ToolActionsContext.js';
-import {
-  AskUserActionsProvider,
-  type AskUserState,
-} from './contexts/AskUserActionsContext.js';
 import {
   type EditorType,
   type Config,
@@ -68,8 +65,7 @@ import {
   SessionStartSource,
   SessionEndReason,
   generateSummary,
-  MessageBusType,
-  type AskUserRequest,
+  type ConsentRequestPayload,
   type AgentsDiscoveredPayload,
   ChangeAuthRequestedError,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
@@ -97,6 +93,7 @@ import { computeTerminalTitle } from '../utils/windowTitle.js';
 import { useTextBuffer } from './components/shared/text-buffer.js';
 import { useLogger } from './hooks/useLogger.js';
 import { useGeminiStream } from './hooks/useGeminiStream.js';
+import { type BackgroundShell } from './hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
 import { useVim } from './hooks/vim.js';
 import { type LoadableSettingScope, SettingScope } from '../config/settings.js';
 import { type InitializationResult } from '../core/initializer.js';
@@ -136,6 +133,7 @@ import { terminalCapabilityManager } from './utils/terminalCapabilityManager.js'
 import { useInputHistoryStore } from './hooks/useInputHistoryStore.js';
 import { useBanner } from './hooks/useBanner.js';
 import { useHookDisplayState } from './hooks/useHookDisplayState.js';
+import { useBackgroundShellManager } from './hooks/useBackgroundShellManager.js';
 import {
   WARNING_PROMPT_DURATION_MS,
   QUEUE_ERROR_DISPLAY_DURATION_MS,
@@ -143,6 +141,7 @@ import {
 import { LoginWithGoogleRestartDialog } from './auth/LoginWithGoogleRestartDialog.js';
 import { NewAgentsChoice } from './components/NewAgentsNotification.js';
 import { isSlashCommand } from './utils/commandUtils.js';
+import { useTerminalTheme } from './hooks/useTerminalTheme.js';
 
 function isToolExecuting(pendingHistoryItems: HistoryItemWithoutId[]) {
   return pendingHistoryItems.some((item) => {
@@ -257,6 +256,10 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
   );
   const [copyModeEnabled, setCopyModeEnabled] = useState(false);
   const [pendingRestorePrompt, setPendingRestorePrompt] = useState(false);
+  const toggleBackgroundShellRef = useRef<() => void>(() => {});
+  const isBackgroundShellVisibleRef = useRef<boolean>(false);
+  const backgroundShellsRef = useRef<Map<number, BackgroundShell>>(new Map());
+
   const [adminSettingsChanged, setAdminSettingsChanged] = useState(false);
 
   const [shellModeActive, setShellModeActive] = useState(false);
@@ -336,11 +339,6 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
     AgentDefinition | undefined
   >();
 
-  // AskUser dialog state
-  const [askUserRequest, setAskUserRequest] = useState<AskUserState | null>(
-    null,
-  );
-
   const openAgentConfigDialog = useCallback(
     (name: string, displayName: string, definition: AgentDefinition) => {
       setSelectedAgentName(name);
@@ -358,56 +356,6 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
     setSelectedAgentDefinition(undefined);
   }, []);
 
-  // Subscribe to ASK_USER_REQUEST messages from the message bus
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const messageBus = config.getMessageBus();
-
-    const handler = (msg: AskUserRequest) => {
-      setAskUserRequest({
-        questions: msg.questions,
-        correlationId: msg.correlationId,
-      });
-    };
-
-    messageBus.subscribe(MessageBusType.ASK_USER_REQUEST, handler);
-
-    return () => {
-      messageBus.unsubscribe(MessageBusType.ASK_USER_REQUEST, handler);
-    };
-  }, [config]);
-
-  // Handler to submit ask_user answers
-  const handleAskUserSubmit = useCallback(
-    async (answers: { [questionIndex: string]: string }) => {
-      if (!askUserRequest) return;
-
-      const messageBus = config.getMessageBus();
-      await messageBus.publish({
-        type: MessageBusType.ASK_USER_RESPONSE,
-        correlationId: askUserRequest.correlationId,
-        answers,
-      });
-
-      setAskUserRequest(null);
-    },
-    [config, askUserRequest],
-  );
-
-  // Handler to cancel ask_user dialog
-  const handleAskUserCancel = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!askUserRequest) return;
-
-    const messageBus = config.getMessageBus();
-    await messageBus.publish({
-      type: MessageBusType.ASK_USER_RESPONSE,
-      correlationId: askUserRequest.correlationId,
-      answers: {},
-      cancelled: true,
-    });
-
-    setAskUserRequest(null);
-  }, [config, askUserRequest]);
-
   const toggleDebugProfiler = useCallback(
     () => setShowDebugProfiler((prev) => !prev),
     [],
@@ -487,6 +435,12 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
     registerCleanup(async () => {
       // Turn off mouse scroll.
       disableMouseEvents();
+
+      // Kill all background shells
+      for (const pid of backgroundShellsRef.current.keys()) {
+        ShellExecutionService.kill(pid);
+      }
+
       const ideClient = await IdeClient.getInstance();
       await ideClient.disconnect();
 
@@ -579,6 +533,14 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
     shellModeActive,
     getPreferredEditor,
   });
+  const bufferRef = useRef(buffer);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    bufferRef.current = buffer;
+  }, [buffer]);
+
+  const stableSetText = useCallback((text: string) => {
+    bufferRef.current.setText(text);
+  }, []);
 
   // Initialize input history from logger (past sessions)
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -640,6 +602,9 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
     initializationResult.themeError,
   );
 
+  // Poll for terminal background color changes to auto-switch theme
+  useTerminalTheme(handleThemeSelect, config);
+
   const {
     authState,
     setAuthState,
@@ -835,6 +800,10 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
 
   const { toggleVimEnabled } = useVimMode();
 
+  const setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef = useRef<(open: boolean) => void>(
+    () => {},
+  );
+
   const slashCommandActions = useMemo(
     () => ({
       openAuthDialog: () => setAuthState(AuthState.Updating),
@@ -858,7 +827,18 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       toggleDebugProfiler,
       dispatchExtensionStateUpdate,
       addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest,
-      setText: (text: string) => buffer.setText(text),
+      toggleBackgroundShell: () => {
+        toggleBackgroundShellRef.current();
+        if (!isBackgroundShellVisibleRef.current) {
+          setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
+          if (backgroundShellsRef.current.size > 1) {
+            setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef.current(true);
+          } else {
+            setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef.current(false);
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      setText: stableSetText,
     }),
     [
       setAuthState,
@@ -876,7 +856,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       openPermissionsDialog,
       addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest,
       toggleDebugProfiler,
-      buffer,
+      stableSetText,
     ],
   );
 
@@ -885,7 +865,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     slashCommands,
     pendingHistoryItems: pendingSlashCommandHistoryItems,
     commandContext,
-    confirmationRequest,
+    confirmationRequest: commandConfirmationRequest,
   } = useSlashCommandProcessor(
     config,
     settings,
@@ -902,6 +882,26 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     setCustomDialog,
   );
 
+  const [authConsentRequest, setAuthConsentRequest] =
+    useState<ConfirmationRequest | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handleConsentRequest = (payload: ConsentRequestPayload) => {
+      setAuthConsentRequest({
+        prompt: payload.prompt,
+        onConfirm: (confirmed: boolean) => {
+          setAuthConsentRequest(null);
+          payload.onConfirm(confirmed);
+        },
+      });
+    };
+
+    coreEvents.on(CoreEvent.ConsentRequest, handleConsentRequest);
+    return () => {
+      coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.ConsentRequest, handleConsentRequest);
+    };
+  }, []);
+
   const performMemoryRefresh = useCallback(async () => {
     historyManager.addItem(
       {
@@ -989,6 +989,12 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     activePtyId,
     loopDetectionConfirmationRequest,
     lastOutputTime,
+    backgroundShellCount,
+    isBackgroundShellVisible,
+    toggleBackgroundShell,
+    backgroundCurrentShell,
+    backgroundShells,
+    dismissBackgroundShell,
     retryStatus,
   } = useGeminiStream(
     config.getGeminiClient(),
@@ -1011,7 +1017,30 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     embeddedShellFocused,
   );
 
+  toggleBackgroundShellRef.current = toggleBackgroundShell;
+  isBackgroundShellVisibleRef.current = isBackgroundShellVisible;
+  backgroundShellsRef.current = backgroundShells;
+
+  const {
+    activeBackgroundShellPid,
+    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+    isBackgroundShellListOpen,
+    setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
+    backgroundShellHeight,
+  } = useBackgroundShellManager({
+    backgroundShells,
+    backgroundShellCount,
+    isBackgroundShellVisible,
+    activePtyId,
+    embeddedShellFocused,
+    setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+    terminalHeight,
+  });
+
+  setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef.current = setIsBackgroundShellListOpen;
+
   const lastOutputTimeRef = useRef(0);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     lastOutputTimeRef.current = lastOutputTime;
   }, [lastOutputTime]);
@@ -1160,7 +1189,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   // Compute available terminal height based on controls measurement
   const availableTerminalHeight = Math.max(
     0,
-    terminalHeight - controlsHeight - staticExtraHeight - 2,
+    terminalHeight -
+      controlsHeight -
+      staticExtraHeight -
+      2 -
+      backgroundShellHeight,
   );
 
   config.setShellExecutionConfig({
@@ -1384,7 +1417,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     if (ctrlCPressCount > 1) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises
       handleSlashCommand('/quit', undefined, undefined, false);
-    } else {
+    } else if (ctrlCPressCount > 0) {
       ctrlCTimerRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
         setCtrlCPressCount(0);
         ctrlCTimerRef.current = null;
@@ -1403,7 +1436,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     if (ctrlDPressCount > 1) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises
       handleSlashCommand('/quit', undefined, undefined, false);
-    } else {
+    } else if (ctrlDPressCount > 0) {
       ctrlDTimerRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
         setCtrlDPressCount(0);
         ctrlDTimerRef.current = null;
@@ -1444,7 +1477,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   });
 
   const handleGlobalKeypress = useCallback(
-    (key: Key) => {
+    (key: Key): boolean => {
       if (copyModeEnabled) {
         setCopyModeEnabled(false);
         enableMouseEvents();
@@ -1464,10 +1497,6 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       }
 
       if (keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key)) {
-        // Skip when ask_user dialog is open (use Esc to cancel instead)
-        if (askUserRequest) {
-          return;
-        }
         // If the user presses Ctrl+C, we want to cancel any ongoing requests.
         // This should happen regardless of the count.
         cancelOngoingRequest?.();
@@ -1475,9 +1504,6 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
         setCtrlCPressCount((prev) => prev + 1);
         return true;
       } else if (keyMatchers[Command.EXIT](key)) {
-        if (buffer.text.length > 0) {
-          return false;
-        }
         setCtrlDPressCount((prev) => prev + 1);
         return true;
       }
@@ -1520,9 +1546,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
         setConstrainHeight(false);
         return true;
       } else if (
-        keyMatchers[Command.UNFOCUS_SHELL_INPUT](key) &&
-        activePtyId &&
-        embeddedShellFocused
+        keyMatchers[Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT](key) &&
+        (activePtyId || (isBackgroundShellVisible && backgroundShells.size > 0))
       ) {
         if (key.name === 'tab' && key.shift) {
           // Always change focus
@@ -1530,26 +1555,72 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
           return true;
         }
 
+        if (embeddedShellFocused) {
+          handleWarning('Press Shift+Tab to focus out.');
+          return true;
+        }
+
         const now = Date.now();
         // If the shell hasn't produced output in the last 100ms, it's considered idle.
         const isIdle = now - lastOutputTimeRef.current >= 100;
-        if (isIdle) {
+        if (isIdle && !activePtyId) {
           if (tabFocusTimeoutRef.current) {
             clearTimeout(tabFocusTimeoutRef.current);
           }
-          tabFocusTimeoutRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
-            tabFocusTimeoutRef.current = null;
-            // If the shell produced output since the tab press, we assume it handled the tab
-            // (e.g. autocomplete) so we should not toggle focus.
-            if (lastOutputTimeRef.current > now) {
-              handleWarning('Press Shift+Tab to focus out.');
-              return;
+          toggleBackgroundShell();
+          if (!isBackgroundShellVisible) {
+            // We are about to show it, so focus it
+            setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
+            if (backgroundShells.size > 1) {
+              setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
             }
-            setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
-          }, 100);
+          } else {
+            // We are about to hide it
+            tabFocusTimeoutRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
+              tabFocusTimeoutRef.current = null;
+              // If the shell produced output since the tab press, we assume it handled the tab
+              // (e.g. autocomplete) so we should not toggle focus.
+              if (lastOutputTimeRef.current > now) {
+                handleWarning('Press Shift+Tab to focus out.');
+                return;
+              }
+              setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
+            }, 100);
+          }
           return true;
         }
-        handleWarning('Press Shift+Tab to focus out.');
+
+        // Not idle, just focus it
+        setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
+        return true;
+      } else if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
+        if (activePtyId) {
+          backgroundCurrentShell();
+          // After backgrounding, we explicitly do NOT show or focus the background UI.
+        } else {
+          if (isBackgroundShellVisible && !embeddedShellFocused) {
+            setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
+          } else {
+            toggleBackgroundShell();
+            // Toggle focus based on intent: if we were hiding, unfocus; if showing, focus.
+            if (!isBackgroundShellVisible && backgroundShells.size > 0) {
+              setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
+              if (backgroundShells.size > 1) {
+                setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+              }
+            } else {
+              setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return true;
+      } else if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) {
+        if (backgroundShells.size > 0 && isBackgroundShellVisible) {
+          if (!embeddedShellFocused) {
+            setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
+          }
+          setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+        }
         return true;
       }
       return false;
@@ -1561,11 +1632,9 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       config,
       ideContextState,
       setCtrlCPressCount,
-      buffer.text.length,
       setCtrlDPressCount,
       handleSlashCommand,
       cancelOngoingRequest,
-      askUserRequest,
       activePtyId,
       embeddedShellFocused,
       settings.merged.general.debugKeystrokeLogging,
@@ -1573,6 +1642,13 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       setCopyModeEnabled,
       copyModeEnabled,
       isAlternateBuffer,
+      backgroundCurrentShell,
+      toggleBackgroundShell,
+      backgroundShells,
+      isBackgroundShellVisible,
+      setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+      lastOutputTimeRef,
+      tabFocusTimeoutRef,
       handleWarning,
     ],
   );
@@ -1586,7 +1662,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     const paddedTitle = computeTerminalTitle({
       streamingState,
       thoughtSubject: thought?.subject,
-      isConfirming: !!confirmationRequest || shouldShowActionRequiredTitle,
+      isConfirming:
+        !!commandConfirmationRequest || shouldShowActionRequiredTitle,
       isSilentWorking: shouldShowSilentWorkingTitle,
       folderName: basename(config.getTargetDir()),
       showThoughts: !!settings.merged.ui.showStatusInTitle,
@@ -1602,7 +1679,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   }, [
     streamingState,
     thought,
-    confirmationRequest,
+    commandConfirmationRequest,
     shouldShowActionRequiredTitle,
     shouldShowSilentWorkingTitle,
     settings.merged.ui.showStatusInTitle,
@@ -1678,11 +1755,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   const nightly = props.version.includes('nightly');
 
   const dialogsVisible =
-    !!askUserRequest ||
     shouldShowIdePrompt ||
     isFolderTrustDialogOpen ||
     adminSettingsChanged ||
-    !!confirmationRequest ||
+    !!commandConfirmationRequest ||
+    !!authConsentRequest ||
     !!customDialog ||
     confirmUpdateExtensionRequests.length > 0 ||
     !!loopDetectionConfirmationRequest ||
@@ -1792,7 +1869,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       slashCommands,
       pendingSlashCommandHistoryItems,
       commandContext,
-      confirmationRequest,
+      commandConfirmationRequest,
+      authConsentRequest,
       confirmUpdateExtensionRequests,
       loopDetectionConfirmationRequest,
       geminiMdFileCount,
@@ -1853,6 +1931,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       isRestarting,
       extensionsUpdateState,
       activePtyId,
+      backgroundShellCount,
+      isBackgroundShellVisible,
       embeddedShellFocused,
       showDebugProfiler,
       customDialog,
@@ -1862,6 +1942,10 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       bannerVisible,
       terminalBackgroundColor: config.getTerminalBackground(),
       settingsNonce,
+      backgroundShells,
+      activeBackgroundShellPid,
+      backgroundShellHeight,
+      isBackgroundShellListOpen,
       adminSettingsChanged,
       newAgents,
     }),
@@ -1890,7 +1974,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       slashCommands,
       pendingSlashCommandHistoryItems,
       commandContext,
-      confirmationRequest,
+      commandConfirmationRequest,
+      authConsentRequest,
       confirmUpdateExtensionRequests,
       loopDetectionConfirmationRequest,
       geminiMdFileCount,
@@ -1951,6 +2036,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       currentModel,
       extensionsUpdateState,
       activePtyId,
+      backgroundShellCount,
+      isBackgroundShellVisible,
       historyManager,
       embeddedShellFocused,
       showDebugProfiler,
@@ -1963,6 +2050,10 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       bannerVisible,
       config,
       settingsNonce,
+      backgroundShellHeight,
+      isBackgroundShellListOpen,
+      activeBackgroundShellPid,
+      backgroundShells,
       adminSettingsChanged,
       newAgents,
     ],
@@ -2010,7 +2101,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       handleApiKeySubmit,
       handleApiKeyCancel,
       setBannerVisible,
+      handleWarning,
       setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      dismissBackgroundShell,
+      setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
+      setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
       setAuthContext,
       handleRestart: async () => {
         if (process.send) {
@@ -2082,7 +2177,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       handleApiKeySubmit,
       handleApiKeyCancel,
       setBannerVisible,
+      handleWarning,
       setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      dismissBackgroundShell,
+      setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
+      setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
       setAuthContext,
       newAgents,
       config,
@@ -2113,15 +2212,9 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
             }}
           >
             <ToolActionsProvider config={config} toolCalls={allToolCalls}>
-              <AskUserActionsProvider
-                request={askUserRequest}
-                onSubmit={handleAskUserSubmit}
-                onCancel={handleAskUserCancel}
-              >
-                <ShellFocusContext.Provider value={isFocused}>
-                  <App />
-                </ShellFocusContext.Provider>
-              </AskUserActionsProvider>
+              <ShellFocusContext.Provider value={isFocused}>
+                <App />
+              </ShellFocusContext.Provider>
             </ToolActionsProvider>
           </AppContext.Provider>
         </ConfigContext.Provider>

packages/cli/src/ui/__snapshots__/App.test.tsx.snap

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Tips for getting started:
 4. /help for more information.
 HistoryItemDisplay
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Action Required                                                                                               1 of 1 │
+│ Action Required                                                                                                      │
 │                                                                                                                      │
 │ ?  ls list directory                                                                                                 │
 │                                                                                                                      │

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/hooksCommand.test.ts

@@ -30,9 +30,6 @@ describe('hooksCommand', () => {
       hooksConfig?: {
         disabled?: string[];
       };
-      tools?: {
-        enableHooks?: boolean;
-      };
     };
     setValue: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
@@ -187,8 +184,8 @@ describe('hooksCommand', () => {
     it('should display panel when no hooks are configured', async () => {
       mockHookSystem.getAllHooks.mockReturnValue([]);
       (mockContext.services.settings.merged as Record<string, unknown>)[
-        'tools'
-      ] = { enableHooks: true };
+        'hooksConfig'
+      ] = { enabled: true };
 
       const panelCmd = hooksCommand.subCommands!.find(
         (cmd) => cmd.name === 'panel',
@@ -215,8 +212,8 @@ describe('hooksCommand', () => {
 
       mockHookSystem.getAllHooks.mockReturnValue(mockHooks);
       (mockContext.services.settings.merged as Record<string, unknown>)[
-        'tools'
-      ] = { enableHooks: true };
+        'hooksConfig'
+      ] = { enabled: true };
 
       const panelCmd = hooksCommand.subCommands!.find(
         (cmd) => cmd.name === 'panel',

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/oncallCommand.tsx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   type OpenCustomDialogActionReturn,
 } from './types.js';
 import { TriageDuplicates } from '../components/triage/TriageDuplicates.js';
+import { TriageIssues } from '../components/triage/TriageIssues.js';
 
 export const oncallCommand: SlashCommand = {
   name: 'oncall',
@@ -49,5 +50,63 @@ export const oncallCommand: SlashCommand = {
         };
       },
     },
+    {
+      name: 'audit',
+      description: 'Triage issues labeled as status/need-triage',
+      kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
+      autoExecute: true,
+      action: async (context, args): Promise<OpenCustomDialogActionReturn> => {
+        const { config } = context.services;
+        if (!config) {
+          throw new Error('Config not available');
+        }
+
+        let limit = 100;
+        let until: string | undefined;
+
+        if (args && args.trim().length > 0) {
+          const argArray = args.trim().split(/\s+/);
+          for (let i = 0; i < argArray.length; i++) {
+            const arg = argArray[i];
+            if (arg === '--until') {
+              if (i + 1 >= argArray.length) {
+                throw new Error('Flag --until requires a value (YYYY-MM-DD).');
+              }
+              const val = argArray[i + 1];
+              if (!/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/.test(val)) {
+                throw new Error(
+                  `Invalid date format for --until: "${val}". Expected YYYY-MM-DD.`,
+                );
+              }
+              until = val;
+              i++;
+            } else if (arg.startsWith('--')) {
+              throw new Error(`Unknown flag: ${arg}`);
+            } else {
+              const parsedLimit = parseInt(arg, 10);
+              if (!isNaN(parsedLimit) && parsedLimit > 0) {
+                limit = parsedLimit;
+              } else {
+                throw new Error(
+                  `Invalid argument: "${arg}". Expected a positive number or --until flag.`,
+                );
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        return {
+          type: 'custom_dialog',
+          component: (
+            <TriageIssues
+              config={config}
+              initialLimit={limit}
+              until={until}
+              onExit={() => context.ui.removeComponent()}
+            />
+          ),
+        };
+      },
+    },
   ],
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/rewindCommand.tsx

@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ import { type HistoryItem } from '../types.js';
 import { convertSessionToHistoryFormats } from '../hooks/useSessionBrowser.js';
 import { revertFileChanges } from '../utils/rewindFileOps.js';
 import { RewindOutcome } from '../components/RewindConfirmation.js';
-import { checkExhaustive } from '../../utils/checks.js';
-
 import type { Content } from '@google/genai';
-import type {
-  ChatRecordingService,
-  GeminiClient,
+import {
+  checkExhaustive,
+  coreEvents,
+  debugLogger,
+  type ChatRecordingService,
+  type GeminiClient,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
-import { coreEvents, debugLogger } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
 /**
  * Helper function to handle the core logic of rewinding a conversation.

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/shellsCommand.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { shellsCommand } from './shellsCommand.js';
+import type { CommandContext } from './types.js';
+
+describe('shellsCommand', () => {
+  it('should call toggleBackgroundShell', async () => {
+    const toggleBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
+    const context = {
+      ui: {
+        toggleBackgroundShell,
+      },
+    } as unknown as CommandContext;
+
+    if (shellsCommand.action) {
+      await shellsCommand.action(context, '');
+    }
+
+    expect(toggleBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should have correct name and altNames', () => {
+    expect(shellsCommand.name).toBe('shells');
+    expect(shellsCommand.altNames).toContain('bashes');
+  });
+
+  it('should auto-execute', () => {
+    expect(shellsCommand.autoExecute).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/shellsCommand.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { CommandKind, type SlashCommand } from './types.js';
+
+export const shellsCommand: SlashCommand = {
+  name: 'shells',
+  altNames: ['bashes'],
+  kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
+  description: 'Toggle background shells view',
+  autoExecute: true,
+  action: async (context) => {
+    context.ui.toggleBackgroundShell();
+  },
+};

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/skillsCommand.test.ts

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ describe('skillsCommand', () => {
                 (name: string) => skills.find((s) => s.name === name) ?? null,
               ),
           }),
+          getContentGenerator: vi.fn(),
         } as unknown as Config,
         settings: {
           merged: createTestMergedSettings({ skills: { disabled: [] } }),
@@ -367,7 +368,7 @@ describe('skillsCommand', () => {
       expect(context.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: MessageType.ERROR,
-          text: 'Agent skills are disabled by your admin.',
+          text: 'Agent skills is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
         }),
         expect.any(Number),
       );
@@ -385,7 +386,7 @@ describe('skillsCommand', () => {
       expect(context.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: MessageType.ERROR,
-          text: 'Agent skills are disabled by your admin.',
+          text: 'Agent skills is disabled by your administrator. To enable it, please request an update to the settings at: https://goo.gle/manage-gemini-cli',
         }),
         expect.any(Number),
       );

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/skillsCommand.ts

@@ -11,13 +11,15 @@ import {
   CommandKind,
 } from './types.js';
 import {
-  MessageType,
-  type HistoryItemSkillsList,
   type HistoryItemInfo,
+  type HistoryItemSkillsList,
+  MessageType,
 } from '../types.js';
-import { SettingScope } from '../../config/settings.js';
-import { enableSkill, disableSkill } from '../../utils/skillSettings.js';
+import { disableSkill, enableSkill } from '../../utils/skillSettings.js';
+
+import { getAdminErrorMessage } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { renderSkillActionFeedback } from '../../utils/skillUtils.js';
+import { SettingScope } from '../../config/settings.js';
 
 async function listAction(
   context: CommandContext,
@@ -83,7 +85,10 @@ async function disableAction(
     context.ui.addItem(
       {
         type: MessageType.ERROR,
-        text: 'Agent skills are disabled by your admin.',
+        text: getAdminErrorMessage(
+          'Agent skills',
+          context.services.config ?? undefined,
+        ),
       },
       Date.now(),
     );
@@ -141,7 +146,10 @@ async function enableAction(
     context.ui.addItem(
       {
         type: MessageType.ERROR,
-        text: 'Agent skills are disabled by your admin.',
+        text: getAdminErrorMessage(
+          'Agent skills',
+          context.services.config ?? undefined,
+        ),
       },
       Date.now(),
     );

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/types.ts

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ export interface CommandContext {
     dispatchExtensionStateUpdate: (action: ExtensionUpdateAction) => void;
     addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest: (value: ConfirmationRequest) => void;
     removeComponent: () => void;
+    toggleBackgroundShell: () => void;
   };
   // Session-specific data
   session: {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/AskUserDialog.test.tsx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { renderWithProviders } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { waitFor } from '../../test-utils/async.js';
 import { AskUserDialog } from './AskUserDialog.js';
 import { QuestionType, type Question } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { UIStateContext, type UIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 
 // Helper to write to stdin with proper act() wrapping
 const writeKey = (stdin: { write: (data: string) => void }, key: string) => {
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={authQuestion}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={questions}
           onSubmit={onSubmit}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -124,6 +127,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={authQuestion}
         onSubmit={onSubmit}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -153,12 +157,57 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe.each([
+    { useAlternateBuffer: true, expectedArrows: false },
+    { useAlternateBuffer: false, expectedArrows: true },
+  ])(
+    'Scroll Arrows (useAlternateBuffer: $useAlternateBuffer)',
+    ({ useAlternateBuffer, expectedArrows }) => {
+      it(`shows scroll arrows correctly when useAlternateBuffer is ${useAlternateBuffer}`, async () => {
+        const questions: Question[] = [
+          {
+            question: 'Choose an option',
+            header: 'Scroll Test',
+            options: Array.from({ length: 15 }, (_, i) => ({
+              label: `Option ${i + 1}`,
+              description: `Description ${i + 1}`,
+            })),
+            multiSelect: false,
+          },
+        ];
+
+        const { lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+          <AskUserDialog
+            questions={questions}
+            onSubmit={vi.fn()}
+            onCancel={vi.fn()}
+            width={80}
+            availableHeight={10} // Small height to force scrolling
+          />,
+          { useAlternateBuffer },
+        );
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          if (expectedArrows) {
+            expect(lastFrame()).toContain('▲');
+            expect(lastFrame()).toContain('▼');
+          } else {
+            expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('▲');
+            expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('▼');
+          }
+          expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+        });
+      });
+    },
+  );
+
   it('navigates to custom option when typing unbound characters (Type-to-Jump)', async () => {
     const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
       <AskUserDialog
         questions={authQuestion}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -209,6 +258,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -222,6 +272,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={authQuestion}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -235,6 +286,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={authQuestion}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -265,6 +317,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -306,6 +359,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={onSubmit}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -373,6 +427,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -401,6 +456,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -445,6 +501,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -480,6 +537,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
         questions={multiQuestions}
         onSubmit={onSubmit}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );
@@ -512,6 +570,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={textQuestion}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -533,6 +592,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={textQuestion}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -554,6 +614,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={textQuestion}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -588,6 +649,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={textQuestion}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -618,6 +680,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={mixedQuestions}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -664,6 +727,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={mixedQuestions}
           onSubmit={onSubmit}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -713,6 +777,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={textQuestion}
           onSubmit={onSubmit}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -738,6 +803,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={textQuestion}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={onCancel}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -783,6 +849,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={multiQuestions}
           onSubmit={vi.fn()}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -841,6 +908,7 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
           questions={multiQuestions}
           onSubmit={onSubmit}
           onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={120}
         />,
         { width: 120 },
       );
@@ -872,4 +940,139 @@ describe('AskUserDialog', () => {
       });
     });
   });
+
+  it('uses availableTerminalHeight from UIStateContext if availableHeight prop is missing', () => {
+    const questions: Question[] = [
+      {
+        question: 'Choose an option',
+        header: 'Context Test',
+        options: Array.from({ length: 10 }, (_, i) => ({
+          label: `Option ${i + 1}`,
+          description: `Description ${i + 1}`,
+        })),
+        multiSelect: false,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const mockUIState = {
+      availableTerminalHeight: 5, // Small height to force scroll arrows
+    } as UIState;
+
+    const { lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+      <UIStateContext.Provider value={mockUIState}>
+        <AskUserDialog
+          questions={questions}
+          onSubmit={vi.fn()}
+          onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={80}
+        />
+      </UIStateContext.Provider>,
+      { useAlternateBuffer: false },
+    );
+
+    // With height 5 and alternate buffer disabled, it should show scroll arrows (▲)
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('▲');
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('▼');
+  });
+
+  it('does NOT truncate the question when in alternate buffer mode even with small height', () => {
+    const longQuestion =
+      'This is a very long question ' + 'with many words '.repeat(10);
+    const questions: Question[] = [
+      {
+        question: longQuestion,
+        header: 'Alternate Buffer Test',
+        options: [{ label: 'Option 1', description: 'Desc 1' }],
+        multiSelect: false,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const mockUIState = {
+      availableTerminalHeight: 5,
+    } as UIState;
+
+    const { lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+      <UIStateContext.Provider value={mockUIState}>
+        <AskUserDialog
+          questions={questions}
+          onSubmit={vi.fn()}
+          onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={40} // Small width to force wrapping
+        />
+      </UIStateContext.Provider>,
+      { useAlternateBuffer: true },
+    );
+
+    // Should NOT contain the truncation message
+    expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('hidden ...');
+    // Should contain the full long question (or at least its parts)
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('This is a very long question');
+  });
+
+  describe('Choice question placeholder', () => {
+    it('uses placeholder for "Other" option when provided', async () => {
+      const questions: Question[] = [
+        {
+          question: 'Select your preferred language:',
+          header: 'Language',
+          options: [
+            { label: 'TypeScript', description: '' },
+            { label: 'JavaScript', description: '' },
+          ],
+          placeholder: 'Type another language...',
+          multiSelect: false,
+        },
+      ];
+
+      const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+        <AskUserDialog
+          questions={questions}
+          onSubmit={vi.fn()}
+          onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={80}
+        />,
+        { width: 80 },
+      );
+
+      // Navigate to the "Other" option
+      writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down
+      writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down to Other
+
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('uses default placeholder when not provided', async () => {
+      const questions: Question[] = [
+        {
+          question: 'Select your preferred language:',
+          header: 'Language',
+          options: [
+            { label: 'TypeScript', description: '' },
+            { label: 'JavaScript', description: '' },
+          ],
+          multiSelect: false,
+        },
+      ];
+
+      const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+        <AskUserDialog
+          questions={questions}
+          onSubmit={vi.fn()}
+          onCancel={vi.fn()}
+          width={80}
+        />,
+        { width: 80 },
+      );
+
+      // Navigate to the "Other" option
+      writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down
+      writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down to Other
+
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+      });
+    });
+  });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/AskUserDialog.tsx

@@ -21,13 +21,15 @@ import type { SelectionListItem } from '../hooks/useSelectionList.js';
 import { TabHeader, type Tab } from './shared/TabHeader.js';
 import { useKeypress, type Key } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { keyMatchers, Command } from '../keyMatchers.js';
-import { checkExhaustive } from '../../utils/checks.js';
+import { checkExhaustive } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { TextInput } from './shared/TextInput.js';
 import { useTextBuffer } from './shared/text-buffer.js';
-import { UIStateContext } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import { getCachedStringWidth } from '../utils/textUtils.js';
 import { useTabbedNavigation } from '../hooks/useTabbedNavigation.js';
 import { DialogFooter } from './shared/DialogFooter.js';
+import { MaxSizedBox } from './shared/MaxSizedBox.js';
+import { UIStateContext } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
+import { useAlternateBuffer } from '../hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
 
 interface AskUserDialogState {
   answers: { [key: string]: string };
@@ -121,6 +123,14 @@ interface AskUserDialogProps {
    * Useful for managing global keypress handlers.
    */
   onActiveTextInputChange?: (active: boolean) => void;
+  /**
+   * Width of the dialog.
+   */
+  width: number;
+  /**
+   * Height constraint for scrollable content.
+   */
+  availableHeight?: number;
 }
 
 interface ReviewViewProps {
@@ -152,12 +162,7 @@ const ReviewView: React.FC<ReviewViewProps> = ({
   );
 
   return (
-    <Box
-      flexDirection="column"
-      borderStyle="round"
-      paddingX={1}
-      borderColor={theme.border.default}
-    >
+    <Box flexDirection="column">
       {progressHeader}
       <Box marginBottom={1}>
         <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
@@ -174,15 +179,19 @@ const ReviewView: React.FC<ReviewViewProps> = ({
         </Box>
       )}
 
-      {questions.map((q, i) => (
-        <Box key={i} marginBottom={0}>
-          <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>{q.header}</Text>
-          <Text color={theme.text.secondary}> → </Text>
-          <Text color={answers[i] ? theme.text.primary : theme.status.warning}>
-            {answers[i] || '(not answered)'}
-          </Text>
-        </Box>
-      ))}
+      <Box flexDirection="column">
+        {questions.map((q, i) => (
+          <Box key={i} marginBottom={0}>
+            <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>{q.header}</Text>
+            <Text color={theme.text.secondary}> → </Text>
+            <Text
+              color={answers[i] ? theme.text.primary : theme.status.warning}
+            >
+              {answers[i] || '(not answered)'}
+            </Text>
+          </Box>
+        ))}
+      </Box>
       <DialogFooter
         primaryAction="Enter to submit"
         navigationActions="Tab/Shift+Tab to edit answers"
@@ -199,6 +208,7 @@ interface TextQuestionViewProps {
   onSelectionChange?: (answer: string) => void;
   onEditingCustomOption?: (editing: boolean) => void;
   availableWidth: number;
+  availableHeight?: number;
   initialAnswer?: string;
   progressHeader?: React.ReactNode;
   keyboardHints?: React.ReactNode;
@@ -210,12 +220,14 @@ const TextQuestionView: React.FC<TextQuestionViewProps> = ({
   onSelectionChange,
   onEditingCustomOption,
   availableWidth,
+  availableHeight,
   initialAnswer,
   progressHeader,
   keyboardHints,
 }) => {
+  const isAlternateBuffer = useAlternateBuffer();
   const prefix = '> ';
-  const horizontalPadding = 4 + 1; // Padding from Box (2) and border (2) + 1 for cursor
+  const horizontalPadding = 1; // 1 for cursor
   const bufferWidth =
     availableWidth - getCachedStringWidth(prefix) - horizontalPadding;
 
@@ -241,12 +253,15 @@ const TextQuestionView: React.FC<TextQuestionViewProps> = ({
   const handleExtraKeys = useCallback(
     (key: Key) => {
       if (keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key)) {
+        if (textValue === '') {
+          return false;
+        }
         buffer.setText('');
         return true;
       }
       return false;
     },
-    [buffer],
+    [buffer, textValue],
   );
 
   useKeypress(handleExtraKeys, { isActive: true, priority: true });
@@ -270,18 +285,28 @@ const TextQuestionView: React.FC<TextQuestionViewProps> = ({
 
   const placeholder = question.placeholder || 'Enter your response';
 
+  const HEADER_HEIGHT = progressHeader ? 2 : 0;
+  const INPUT_HEIGHT = 2; // TextInput + margin
+  const FOOTER_HEIGHT = 2; // DialogFooter + margin
+  const overhead = HEADER_HEIGHT + INPUT_HEIGHT + FOOTER_HEIGHT;
+  const questionHeight =
+    availableHeight && !isAlternateBuffer
+      ? Math.max(1, availableHeight - overhead)
+      : undefined;
+
   return (
-    <Box
-      flexDirection="column"
-      borderStyle="round"
-      paddingX={1}
-      borderColor={theme.border.default}
-    >
+    <Box flexDirection="column">
       {progressHeader}
       <Box marginBottom={1}>
-        <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
-          {question.question}
-        </Text>
+        <MaxSizedBox
+          maxHeight={questionHeight}
+          maxWidth={availableWidth}
+          overflowDirection="bottom"
+        >
+          <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
+            {question.question}
+          </Text>
+        </MaxSizedBox>
       </Box>
 
       <Box flexDirection="row" marginBottom={1}>
@@ -381,6 +406,7 @@ interface ChoiceQuestionViewProps {
   onSelectionChange?: (answer: string) => void;
   onEditingCustomOption?: (editing: boolean) => void;
   availableWidth: number;
+  availableHeight?: number;
   initialAnswer?: string;
   progressHeader?: React.ReactNode;
   keyboardHints?: React.ReactNode;
@@ -391,14 +417,13 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
   onAnswer,
   onSelectionChange,
   onEditingCustomOption,
+  availableWidth,
+  availableHeight,
   initialAnswer,
   progressHeader,
   keyboardHints,
 }) => {
-  const uiState = useContext(UIStateContext);
-  const terminalWidth = uiState?.terminalWidth ?? 80;
-  const availableWidth = terminalWidth;
-
+  const isAlternateBuffer = useAlternateBuffer();
   const numOptions =
     (question.options?.length ?? 0) + (question.type !== 'yesno' ? 1 : 0);
   const numLen = String(numOptions).length;
@@ -407,15 +432,9 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
   const checkboxWidth = question.multiSelect ? 4 : 1; // "[x] " or " "
   const checkmarkWidth = question.multiSelect ? 0 : 2; // "" or " ✓"
   const cursorPadding = 1; // Extra character for cursor at end of line
-  const outerBoxPadding = 4; // border (2) + paddingX (2)
 
   const horizontalPadding =
-    outerBoxPadding +
-    radioWidth +
-    numberWidth +
-    checkboxWidth +
-    checkmarkWidth +
-    cursorPadding;
+    radioWidth + numberWidth + checkboxWidth + checkmarkWidth + cursorPadding;
 
   const bufferWidth = availableWidth - horizontalPadding;
 
@@ -544,6 +563,9 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
     (key: Key) => {
       // If focusing custom option, handle Ctrl+C
       if (isCustomOptionFocused && keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key)) {
+        if (customOptionText === '') {
+          return false;
+        }
         customBuffer.setText('');
         return true;
       }
@@ -586,7 +608,12 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
       }
       return false;
     },
-    [isCustomOptionFocused, customBuffer, onEditingCustomOption],
+    [
+      isCustomOptionFocused,
+      customBuffer,
+      onEditingCustomOption,
+      customOptionText,
+    ],
   );
 
   useKeypress(handleExtraKeys, { isActive: true, priority: true });
@@ -698,31 +725,50 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
     }
   }, [customOptionText, isCustomOptionSelected, question.multiSelect]);
 
+  const HEADER_HEIGHT = progressHeader ? 2 : 0;
+  const TITLE_MARGIN = 1;
+  const FOOTER_HEIGHT = 2; // DialogFooter + margin
+  const overhead = HEADER_HEIGHT + TITLE_MARGIN + FOOTER_HEIGHT;
+  const listHeight = availableHeight
+    ? Math.max(1, availableHeight - overhead)
+    : undefined;
+  const questionHeight =
+    listHeight && !isAlternateBuffer
+      ? Math.min(15, Math.max(1, listHeight - 4))
+      : undefined;
+  const maxItemsToShow =
+    listHeight && questionHeight
+      ? Math.max(1, Math.floor((listHeight - questionHeight) / 2))
+      : selectionItems.length;
+
   return (
-    <Box
-      flexDirection="column"
-      borderStyle="round"
-      paddingX={1}
-      borderColor={theme.border.default}
-    >
+    <Box flexDirection="column">
       {progressHeader}
-      <Box marginBottom={1}>
-        <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
-          {question.question}
-        </Text>
+      <Box marginBottom={TITLE_MARGIN}>
+        <MaxSizedBox
+          maxHeight={questionHeight}
+          maxWidth={availableWidth}
+          overflowDirection="bottom"
+        >
+          <Text bold color={theme.text.primary}>
+            {question.question}
+            {question.multiSelect && (
+              <Text color={theme.text.secondary} italic>
+                {' '}
+                (Select all that apply)
+              </Text>
+            )}
+          </Text>
+        </MaxSizedBox>
       </Box>
-      {question.multiSelect && (
-        <Text color={theme.text.secondary} italic>
-          {' '}
-          (Select all that apply)
-        </Text>
-      )}
 
       <BaseSelectionList<OptionItem>
         items={selectionItems}
         onSelect={handleSelect}
         onHighlight={handleHighlight}
         focusKey={isCustomOptionFocused ? 'other' : undefined}
+        maxItemsToShow={maxItemsToShow}
+        showScrollArrows={true}
         renderItem={(item, context) => {
           const optionItem = item.value;
           const isChecked =
@@ -734,7 +780,7 @@ const ChoiceQuestionView: React.FC<ChoiceQuestionViewProps> = ({
 
           // Render inline text input for custom option
           if (optionItem.type === 'other') {
-            const placeholder = 'Enter a custom value';
+            const placeholder = question.placeholder || 'Enter a custom value';
             return (
               <Box flexDirection="row">
                 {showCheck && (
@@ -804,14 +850,19 @@ export const AskUserDialog: React.FC<AskUserDialogProps> = ({
   onSubmit,
   onCancel,
   onActiveTextInputChange,
+  width,
+  availableHeight: availableHeightProp,
 }) => {
+  const uiState = useContext(UIStateContext);
+  const availableHeight =
+    availableHeightProp ??
+    (uiState?.constrainHeight !== false
+      ? uiState?.availableTerminalHeight
+      : undefined);
+
   const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(askUserDialogReducerLogic, initialState);
   const { answers, isEditingCustomOption, submitted } = state;
 
-  const uiState = useContext(UIStateContext);
-  const terminalWidth = uiState?.terminalWidth ?? 80;
-  const availableWidth = terminalWidth;
-
   const reviewTabIndex = questions.length;
   const tabCount =
     questions.length > 1 ? questions.length + 1 : questions.length;
@@ -842,9 +893,12 @@ export const AskUserDialog: React.FC<AskUserDialogProps> = ({
       if (keyMatchers[Command.ESCAPE](key)) {
         onCancel();
         return true;
-      } else if (keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key) && !isEditingCustomOption) {
-        onCancel();
-        return true;
+      } else if (keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key)) {
+        if (!isEditingCustomOption) {
+          onCancel();
+        }
+        // Return false to let ctrl-C bubble up to AppContainer for exit flow
+        return false;
       }
       return false;
     },
@@ -1021,7 +1075,8 @@ export const AskUserDialog: React.FC<AskUserDialogProps> = ({
         onAnswer={handleAnswer}
         onSelectionChange={handleSelectionChange}
         onEditingCustomOption={handleEditingCustomOption}
-        availableWidth={availableWidth}
+        availableWidth={width}
+        availableHeight={availableHeight}
         initialAnswer={answers[currentQuestionIndex]}
         progressHeader={progressHeader}
         keyboardHints={keyboardHints}
@@ -1033,7 +1088,8 @@ export const AskUserDialog: React.FC<AskUserDialogProps> = ({
         onAnswer={handleAnswer}
         onSelectionChange={handleSelectionChange}
         onEditingCustomOption={handleEditingCustomOption}
-        availableWidth={availableWidth}
+        availableWidth={width}
+        availableHeight={availableHeight}
         initialAnswer={answers[currentQuestionIndex]}
         progressHeader={progressHeader}
         keyboardHints={keyboardHints}
@@ -1043,7 +1099,7 @@ export const AskUserDialog: React.FC<AskUserDialogProps> = ({
   return (
     <Box
       flexDirection="column"
-      width={availableWidth}
+      width={width}
       aria-label={`Question ${currentQuestionIndex + 1} of ${questions.length}: ${currentQuestion.question}`}
     >
       {questionView}

packages/cli/src/ui/components/BackgroundShellDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+import { BackgroundShellDisplay } from './BackgroundShellDisplay.js';
+import { type BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import { ShellExecutionService } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { act } from 'react';
+import { type Key, type KeypressHandler } from '../contexts/KeypressContext.js';
+import { ScrollProvider } from '../contexts/ScrollProvider.js';
+import { Box } from 'ink';
+
+const delay = (ms: number) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+
+// Mock dependencies
+const mockDismissBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
+const mockSetActiveBackgroundShellPid = vi.fn();
+const mockSetIsBackgroundShellListOpen = vi.fn();
+const mockHandleWarning = vi.fn();
+const mockSetEmbeddedShellFocused = vi.fn();
+
+vi.mock('../contexts/UIActionsContext.js', () => ({
+  useUIActions: () => ({
+    dismissBackgroundShell: mockDismissBackgroundShell,
+    setActiveBackgroundShellPid: mockSetActiveBackgroundShellPid,
+    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen: mockSetIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+    handleWarning: mockHandleWarning,
+    setEmbeddedShellFocused: mockSetEmbeddedShellFocused,
+  }),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const actual =
+    await importOriginal<typeof import('@google/gemini-cli-core')>();
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    ShellExecutionService: {
+      resizePty: vi.fn(),
+      subscribe: vi.fn(() => vi.fn()),
+    },
+  };
+});
+
+// Mock AnsiOutputText since it's a complex component
+vi.mock('./AnsiOutput.js', () => ({
+  AnsiOutputText: ({ data }: { data: string | unknown }) => {
+    if (typeof data === 'string') return <>{data}</>;
+    // Simple serialization for object data
+    return <>{JSON.stringify(data)}</>;
+  },
+}));
+
+// Mock useKeypress
+let keypressHandlers: Array<{ handler: KeypressHandler; isActive: boolean }> =
+  [];
+vi.mock('../hooks/useKeypress.js', () => ({
+  useKeypress: vi.fn((handler, { isActive }) => {
+    keypressHandlers.push({ handler, isActive });
+  }),
+}));
+
+const simulateKey = (key: Partial<Key>) => {
+  const fullKey: Key = createMockKey(key);
+  keypressHandlers.forEach(({ handler, isActive }) => {
+    if (isActive) {
+      handler(fullKey);
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+vi.mock('../contexts/MouseContext.js', () => ({
+  useMouseContext: vi.fn(() => ({
+    subscribe: vi.fn(),
+    unsubscribe: vi.fn(),
+  })),
+  useMouse: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+// Mock ScrollableList
+vi.mock('./shared/ScrollableList.js', () => ({
+  SCROLL_TO_ITEM_END: 999999,
+  ScrollableList: vi.fn(
+    ({
+      data,
+      renderItem,
+    }: {
+      data: BackgroundShell[];
+      renderItem: (props: {
+        item: BackgroundShell;
+        index: number;
+      }) => React.ReactNode;
+    }) => (
+      <Box flexDirection="column">
+        {data.map((item: BackgroundShell, index: number) => (
+          <Box key={index}>{renderItem({ item, index })}</Box>
+        ))}
+      </Box>
+    ),
+  ),
+}));
+
+const createMockKey = (overrides: Partial<Key>): Key => ({
+  name: '',
+  ctrl: false,
+  alt: false,
+  cmd: false,
+  shift: false,
+  insertable: false,
+  sequence: '',
+  ...overrides,
+});
+
+describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
+  const mockShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>();
+  const shell1: BackgroundShell = {
+    pid: 1001,
+    command: 'npm start',
+    output: 'Starting server...',
+    isBinary: false,
+    binaryBytesReceived: 0,
+    status: 'running',
+  };
+  const shell2: BackgroundShell = {
+    pid: 1002,
+    command: 'tail -f log.txt',
+    output: 'Log entry 1',
+    isBinary: false,
+    binaryBytesReceived: 0,
+    status: 'running',
+  };
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+    mockShells.clear();
+    mockShells.set(shell1.pid, shell1);
+    mockShells.set(shell2.pid, shell2);
+    keypressHandlers = [];
+  });
+
+  it('renders the output of the active shell', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={false}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders tabs for multiple shells', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={100}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={false}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('highlights the focused state', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true} // Focused
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('resizes the PTY on mount and when dimensions change', async () => {
+    const { rerender } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={false}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(ShellExecutionService.resizePty).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      shell1.pid,
+      76,
+      21,
+    );
+
+    rerender(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={100}
+          height={30}
+          isFocused={false}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(ShellExecutionService.resizePty).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      shell1.pid,
+      96,
+      27,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('renders the process list when isListOpenProp is true', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={true}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('selects the current process and closes the list when Ctrl+L is pressed in list view', async () => {
+    render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={true}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    // Simulate down arrow to select the second process (handled by RadioButtonSelect)
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'down' });
+    });
+
+    // Simulate Ctrl+L (handled by BackgroundShellDisplay)
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'l', ctrl: true });
+    });
+
+    expect(mockSetActiveBackgroundShellPid).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell2.pid);
+    expect(mockSetIsBackgroundShellListOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
+  });
+
+  it('kills the highlighted process when Ctrl+K is pressed in list view', async () => {
+    render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={true}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    // Initial state: shell1 (active) is highlighted
+
+    // Move to shell2
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'down' });
+    });
+
+    // Press Ctrl+K
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'k', ctrl: true });
+    });
+
+    expect(mockDismissBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell2.pid);
+  });
+
+  it('kills the active process when Ctrl+K is pressed in output view', async () => {
+    render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'k', ctrl: true });
+    });
+
+    expect(mockDismissBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell1.pid);
+  });
+
+  it('scrolls to active shell when list opens', async () => {
+    // shell2 is active
+    const { lastFrame } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell2.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={true}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('keeps exit code status color even when selected', async () => {
+    const exitedShell: BackgroundShell = {
+      pid: 1003,
+      command: 'exit 0',
+      output: '',
+      isBinary: false,
+      binaryBytesReceived: 0,
+      status: 'exited',
+      exitCode: 0,
+    };
+    mockShells.set(exitedShell.pid, exitedShell);
+
+    const { lastFrame } = render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={exitedShell.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={true}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('unfocuses the shell when Shift+Tab is pressed', async () => {
+    render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'tab', shift: true });
+    });
+
+    expect(mockSetEmbeddedShellFocused).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
+  });
+
+  it('shows a warning when Tab is pressed', async () => {
+    render(
+      <ScrollProvider>
+        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+          shells={mockShells}
+          activePid={shell1.pid}
+          width={80}
+          height={24}
+          isFocused={true}
+          isListOpenProp={false}
+        />
+      </ScrollProvider>,
+    );
+    await act(async () => {
+      await delay(0);
+    });
+
+    act(() => {
+      simulateKey({ name: 'tab' });
+    });
+
+    expect(mockHandleWarning).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'Press Shift+Tab to focus out.',
+    );
+    expect(mockSetEmbeddedShellFocused).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/components/BackgroundShellDisplay.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
+import { useEffect, useState, useRef } from 'react';
+import { useUIActions } from '../contexts/UIActionsContext.js';
+import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
+import {
+  ShellExecutionService,
+  type AnsiOutput,
+  type AnsiLine,
+  type AnsiToken,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { cpLen, cpSlice, getCachedStringWidth } from '../utils/textUtils.js';
+import { type BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import { Command, keyMatchers } from '../keyMatchers.js';
+import { useKeypress } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
+import { commandDescriptions } from '../../config/keyBindings.js';
+import {
+  ScrollableList,
+  type ScrollableListRef,
+} from './shared/ScrollableList.js';
+
+import { SCROLL_TO_ITEM_END } from './shared/VirtualizedList.js';
+
+import {
+  RadioButtonSelect,
+  type RadioSelectItem,
+} from './shared/RadioButtonSelect.js';
+
+interface BackgroundShellDisplayProps {
+  shells: Map<number, BackgroundShell>;
+  activePid: number;
+  width: number;
+  height: number;
+  isFocused: boolean;
+  isListOpenProp: boolean;
+}
+
+const CONTENT_PADDING_X = 1;
+const BORDER_WIDTH = 2; // Left and Right border
+const HEADER_HEIGHT = 3; // 2 for border, 1 for header
+const TAB_DISPLAY_HORIZONTAL_PADDING = 4;
+
+const formatShellCommandForDisplay = (command: string, maxWidth: number) => {
+  const commandFirstLine = command.split('\n')[0];
+  return cpLen(commandFirstLine) > maxWidth
+    ? `${cpSlice(commandFirstLine, 0, maxWidth - 3)}...`
+    : commandFirstLine;
+};
+
+export const BackgroundShellDisplay = ({
+  shells,
+  activePid,
+  width,
+  height,
+  isFocused,
+  isListOpenProp,
+}: BackgroundShellDisplayProps) => {
+  const {
+    dismissBackgroundShell,
+    setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
+    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+    handleWarning,
+    setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+  } = useUIActions();
+  const activeShell = shells.get(activePid);
+  const [output, setOutput] = useState<string | AnsiOutput>(
+    activeShell?.output || '',
+  );
+  const [highlightedPid, setHighlightedPid] = useState<number | null>(
+    activePid,
+  );
+  const outputRef = useRef<ScrollableListRef<AnsiLine | string>>(null);
+  const subscribedRef = useRef(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!activePid) return;
+
+    const ptyWidth = Math.max(1, width - BORDER_WIDTH - CONTENT_PADDING_X * 2);
+    const ptyHeight = Math.max(1, height - HEADER_HEIGHT);
+    ShellExecutionService.resizePty(activePid, ptyWidth, ptyHeight);
+  }, [activePid, width, height]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!activePid) {
+      setOutput('');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Set initial output from the shell object
+    const shell = shells.get(activePid);
+    if (shell) {
+      setOutput(shell.output);
+    }
+
+    subscribedRef.current = false;
+
+    // Subscribe to live updates for the active shell
+    const unsubscribe = ShellExecutionService.subscribe(activePid, (event) => {
+      if (event.type === 'data') {
+        if (typeof event.chunk === 'string') {
+          if (!subscribedRef.current) {
+            // Initial synchronous update contains full history
+            setOutput(event.chunk);
+          } else {
+            // Subsequent updates are deltas for child_process
+            setOutput((prev) =>
+              typeof prev === 'string' ? prev + event.chunk : event.chunk,
+            );
+          }
+        } else {
+          // PTY always sends full AnsiOutput
+          setOutput(event.chunk);
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    subscribedRef.current = true;
+
+    return () => {
+      unsubscribe();
+      subscribedRef.current = false;
+    };
+  }, [activePid, shells]);
+
+  // Sync highlightedPid with activePid when list opens
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (isListOpenProp) {
+      setHighlightedPid(activePid);
+    }
+  }, [isListOpenProp, activePid]);
+
+  useKeypress(
+    (key) => {
+      if (!activeShell) return;
+
+      // Handle Shift+Tab or Tab (in list) to focus out
+      if (
+        keyMatchers[Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key) ||
+        (isListOpenProp &&
+          keyMatchers[Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key))
+      ) {
+        setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Handle Tab to warn but propagate
+      if (
+        !isListOpenProp &&
+        keyMatchers[Command.SHOW_BACKGROUND_SHELL_UNFOCUS_WARNING](key)
+      ) {
+        handleWarning(
+          `Press ${commandDescriptions[Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL]} to focus out.`,
+        );
+        // Fall through to allow Tab to be sent to the shell
+      }
+
+      if (isListOpenProp) {
+        // Navigation (Up/Down/Enter) is handled by RadioButtonSelect
+        // We only handle special keys not consumed by RadioButtonSelect or overriding them if needed
+        // RadioButtonSelect handles Enter -> onSelect
+
+        if (keyMatchers[Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE](key)) {
+          setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        if (keyMatchers[Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
+          if (highlightedPid) {
+            dismissBackgroundShell(highlightedPid);
+            // If we killed the active one, the list might update via props
+          }
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) {
+          if (highlightedPid) {
+            setActiveBackgroundShellPid(highlightedPid);
+          }
+          setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
+          return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
+        dismissBackgroundShell(activeShell.pid);
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) {
+        setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_SELECT](key)) {
+        ShellExecutionService.writeToPty(activeShell.pid, '\r');
+        return true;
+      } else if (keyMatchers[Command.DELETE_CHAR_LEFT](key)) {
+        ShellExecutionService.writeToPty(activeShell.pid, '\b');
+        return true;
+      } else if (key.sequence) {
+        ShellExecutionService.writeToPty(activeShell.pid, key.sequence);
+        return true;
+      }
+      return false;
+    },
+    { isActive: isFocused && !!activeShell },
+  );
+
+  const helpText = `${commandDescriptions[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL]} Hide | ${commandDescriptions[Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL]} Kill | ${commandDescriptions[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST]} List`;
+
+  const renderTabs = () => {
+    const shellList = Array.from(shells.values()).filter(
+      (s) => s.status === 'running',
+    );
+
+    const pidInfoWidth = getCachedStringWidth(
+      ` (PID: ${activePid}) ${isFocused ? '(Focused)' : ''}`,
+    );
+
+    const availableWidth =
+      width -
+      TAB_DISPLAY_HORIZONTAL_PADDING -
+      getCachedStringWidth(helpText) -
+      pidInfoWidth;
+
+    let currentWidth = 0;
+    const tabs = [];
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < shellList.length; i++) {
+      const shell = shellList[i];
+      // Account for " i: " (length 4 if i < 9) and spaces (length 2)
+      const labelOverhead = 4 + (i + 1).toString().length;
+      const maxTabLabelLength = Math.max(
+        1,
+        Math.floor(availableWidth / shellList.length) - labelOverhead,
+      );
+      const truncatedCommand = formatShellCommandForDisplay(
+        shell.command,
+        maxTabLabelLength,
+      );
+      const label = ` ${i + 1}: ${truncatedCommand} `;
+      const labelWidth = getCachedStringWidth(label);
+
+      // If this is the only shell, we MUST show it (truncated if necessary)
+      // even if it exceeds availableWidth, as there are no alternatives.
+      if (i > 0 && currentWidth + labelWidth > availableWidth) {
+        break;
+      }
+
+      const isActive = shell.pid === activePid;
+
+      tabs.push(
+        <Text
+          key={shell.pid}
+          color={isActive ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary}
+          bold={isActive}
+        >
+          {label}
+        </Text>,
+      );
+      currentWidth += labelWidth;
+    }
+
+    if (shellList.length > tabs.length && !isListOpenProp) {
+      const overflowLabel = ` ... (${commandDescriptions[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST]}) `;
+      const overflowWidth = getCachedStringWidth(overflowLabel);
+
+      // If we only have one tab, ensure we don't show the overflow if it's too cramped
+      // We want at least 10 chars for the overflow or we favor the first tab.
+      const shouldShowOverflow =
+        tabs.length > 1 || availableWidth - currentWidth >= overflowWidth;
+
+      if (shouldShowOverflow) {
+        tabs.push(
+          <Text key="overflow" color={theme.status.warning} bold>
+            {overflowLabel}
+          </Text>,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    return tabs;
+  };
+
+  const renderProcessList = () => {
+    const maxCommandLength = Math.max(
+      0,
+      width - BORDER_WIDTH - CONTENT_PADDING_X * 2 - 10,
+    );
+
+    const items: Array<RadioSelectItem<number>> = Array.from(
+      shells.values(),
+    ).map((shell, index) => {
+      const truncatedCommand = formatShellCommandForDisplay(
+        shell.command,
+        maxCommandLength,
+      );
+
+      let label = `${index + 1}: ${truncatedCommand} (PID: ${shell.pid})`;
+      if (shell.status === 'exited') {
+        label += ` (Exit Code: ${shell.exitCode})`;
+      }
+
+      return {
+        key: shell.pid.toString(),
+        value: shell.pid,
+        label,
+      };
+    });
+
+    const initialIndex = items.findIndex((item) => item.value === activePid);
+
+    return (
+      <Box flexDirection="column" height="100%" width="100%">
+        <Box flexShrink={0} marginBottom={1} paddingTop={1}>
+          <Text bold>
+            {`Select Process (${commandDescriptions[Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_SELECT]} to select, ${commandDescriptions[Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE]} to cancel):`}
+          </Text>
+        </Box>
+        <Box flexGrow={1} width="100%">
+          <RadioButtonSelect
+            items={items}
+            initialIndex={initialIndex >= 0 ? initialIndex : 0}
+            onSelect={(pid) => {
+              setActiveBackgroundShellPid(pid);
+              setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
+            }}
+            onHighlight={(pid) => setHighlightedPid(pid)}
+            isFocused={isFocused}
+            maxItemsToShow={Math.max(1, height - HEADER_HEIGHT - 3)} // Adjust for header
+            renderItem={(
+              item,
+              { isSelected: _isSelected, titleColor: _titleColor },
+            ) => {
+              // Custom render to handle exit code coloring if needed,
+              // or just use default. The default RadioButtonSelect renderer
+              // handles standard label.
+              // But we want to color exit code differently?
+              // The previous implementation colored exit code green/red.
+              // Let's reimplement that.
+
+              // We need access to shell details here.
+              // We can put shell details in the item or lookup.
+              // Lookup from shells map.
+              const shell = shells.get(item.value);
+              if (!shell) return <Text>{item.label}</Text>;
+
+              const truncatedCommand = formatShellCommandForDisplay(
+                shell.command,
+                maxCommandLength,
+              );
+
+              return (
+                <Text>
+                  {truncatedCommand} (PID: {shell.pid})
+                  {shell.status === 'exited' ? (
+                    <Text
+                      color={
+                        shell.exitCode === 0
+                          ? theme.status.success
+                          : theme.status.error
+                      }
+                    >
+                      {' '}
+                      (Exit Code: {shell.exitCode})
+                    </Text>
+                  ) : null}
+                </Text>
+              );
+            }}
+          />
+        </Box>
+      </Box>
+    );
+  };
+
+  const renderOutput = () => {
+    const lines = typeof output === 'string' ? output.split('\n') : output;
+
+    return (
+      <ScrollableList
+        ref={outputRef}
+        data={lines}
+        renderItem={({ item: line, index }) => {
+          if (typeof line === 'string') {
+            return <Text key={index}>{line}</Text>;
+          }
+          return (
+            <Text key={index} wrap="truncate">
+              {line.length > 0
+                ? line.map((token: AnsiToken, tokenIndex: number) => (
+                    <Text
+                      key={tokenIndex}
+                      color={token.fg}
+                      backgroundColor={token.bg}
+                      inverse={token.inverse}
+                      dimColor={token.dim}
+                      bold={token.bold}
+                      italic={token.italic}
+                      underline={token.underline}
+                    >
+                      {token.text}
+                    </Text>
+                  ))
+                : null}
+            </Text>
+          );
+        }}
+        estimatedItemHeight={() => 1}
+        keyExtractor={(_, index) => index.toString()}
+        hasFocus={isFocused}
+        initialScrollIndex={SCROLL_TO_ITEM_END}
+      />
+    );
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <Box
+      flexDirection="column"
+      height="100%"
+      width="100%"
+      borderStyle="single"
+      borderColor={isFocused ? theme.border.focused : undefined}
+    >
+      <Box
+        flexDirection="row"
+        justifyContent="space-between"
+        borderStyle="single"
+        borderBottom={false}
+        borderLeft={false}
+        borderRight={false}
+        borderTop={false}
+        paddingX={1}
+        borderColor={isFocused ? theme.border.focused : undefined}
+      >
+        <Box flexDirection="row">
+          {renderTabs()}
+          <Text bold>
+            {' '}
+            (PID: {activeShell?.pid}) {isFocused ? '(Focused)' : ''}
+          </Text>
+        </Box>
+        <Text color={theme.text.accent}>{helpText}</Text>
+      </Box>
+      <Box flexGrow={1} overflow="hidden" paddingX={CONTENT_PADDING_X}>
+        {isListOpenProp ? renderProcessList() : renderOutput()}
+      </Box>
+    </Box>
+  );
+};

packages/cli/src/ui/components/BubblingRegression.test.tsx

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ describe('Key Bubbling Regression', () => {
         questions={choiceQuestion}
         onSubmit={vi.fn()}
         onCancel={vi.fn()}
+        width={120}
+        availableHeight={20}
       />,
       { width: 120 },
     );

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ChecklistItem.tsx

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import type React from 'react';
 import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
-import { checkExhaustive } from '../../utils/checks.js';
+import { checkExhaustive } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
 export type ChecklistStatus =
   | 'pending'

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Composer.test.tsx

@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@ const createMockUIState = (overrides: Partial<UIState> = {}): UIState =>
     nightly: false,
     isTrustedFolder: true,
     activeHooks: [],
+    isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
+    embeddedShellFocused: false,
     ...overrides,
   }) as UIState;
 
@@ -310,6 +312,32 @@ describe('Composer', () => {
       expect(output).toContain('LoadingIndicator');
       expect(output).not.toContain('Should not show during confirmation');
     });
+
+    it('renders LoadingIndicator when embedded shell is focused but background shell is visible', () => {
+      const uiState = createMockUIState({
+        streamingState: StreamingState.Responding,
+        embeddedShellFocused: true,
+        isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
+      });
+
+      const { lastFrame } = renderComposer(uiState);
+
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      expect(output).toContain('LoadingIndicator');
+    });
+
+    it('does NOT render LoadingIndicator when embedded shell is focused and background shell is NOT visible', () => {
+      const uiState = createMockUIState({
+        streamingState: StreamingState.Responding,
+        embeddedShellFocused: true,
+        isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
+      });
+
+      const { lastFrame } = renderComposer(uiState);
+
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      expect(output).not.toContain('LoadingIndicator');
+    });
   });
 
   describe('Message Queue Display', () => {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Composer.tsx

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const Composer = ({ isFocused = true }: { isFocused?: boolean }) => {
       flexGrow={0}
       flexShrink={0}
     >
-      {!uiState.embeddedShellFocused && (
+      {(!uiState.embeddedShellFocused || uiState.isBackgroundShellVisible) && (
         <LoadingIndicator
           thought={
             uiState.streamingState === StreamingState.WaitingForConfirmation ||

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ContextSummaryDisplay.tsx

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ interface ContextSummaryDisplayProps {
   blockedMcpServers?: Array<{ name: string; extensionName: string }>;
   ideContext?: IdeContext;
   skillCount: number;
+  backgroundProcessCount?: number;
 }
 
 export const ContextSummaryDisplay: React.FC<ContextSummaryDisplayProps> = ({
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ export const ContextSummaryDisplay: React.FC<ContextSummaryDisplayProps> = ({
   blockedMcpServers,
   ideContext,
   skillCount,
+  backgroundProcessCount = 0,
 }) => {
   const { columns: terminalWidth } = useTerminalSize();
   const isNarrow = isNarrowWidth(terminalWidth);
@@ -39,7 +41,8 @@ export const ContextSummaryDisplay: React.FC<ContextSummaryDisplayProps> = ({
     mcpServerCount === 0 &&
     blockedMcpServerCount === 0 &&
     openFileCount === 0 &&
-    skillCount === 0
+    skillCount === 0 &&
+    backgroundProcessCount === 0
   ) {
     return <Text> </Text>; // Render an empty space to reserve height
   }
@@ -93,9 +96,22 @@ export const ContextSummaryDisplay: React.FC<ContextSummaryDisplayProps> = ({
     return `${skillCount} skill${skillCount > 1 ? 's' : ''}`;
   })();
 
-  const summaryParts = [openFilesText, geminiMdText, mcpText, skillText].filter(
-    Boolean,
-  );
+  const backgroundText = (() => {
+    if (backgroundProcessCount === 0) {
+      return '';
+    }
+    return `${backgroundProcessCount} Background process${
+      backgroundProcessCount > 1 ? 'es' : ''
+    }`;
+  })();
+
+  const summaryParts = [
+    openFilesText,
+    geminiMdText,
+    mcpText,
+    skillText,
+    backgroundText,
+  ].filter(Boolean);
 
   if (isNarrow) {
     return (

packages/cli/src/ui/components/DialogManager.test.tsx

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ describe('DialogManager', () => {
     isFolderTrustDialogOpen: false,
     loopDetectionConfirmationRequest: null,
     confirmationRequest: null,
+    consentRequest: null,
     isThemeDialogOpen: false,
     isSettingsDialogOpen: false,
     isModelDialogOpen: false,
@@ -137,7 +138,11 @@ describe('DialogManager', () => {
       'LoopDetectionConfirmation',
     ],
     [
-      { confirmationRequest: { prompt: 'foo', onConfirm: vi.fn() } },
+      { commandConfirmationRequest: { prompt: 'foo', onConfirm: vi.fn() } },
+      'ConsentPrompt',
+    ],
+    [
+      { authConsentRequest: { prompt: 'bar', onConfirm: vi.fn() } },
       'ConsentPrompt',
     ],
     [

packages/cli/src/ui/components/DialogManager.tsx

@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ import process from 'node:process';
 import { type UseHistoryManagerReturn } from '../hooks/useHistoryManager.js';
 import { AdminSettingsChangedDialog } from './AdminSettingsChangedDialog.js';
 import { IdeTrustChangeDialog } from './IdeTrustChangeDialog.js';
-import { AskUserDialog } from './AskUserDialog.js';
-import { useAskUserActions } from '../contexts/AskUserActionsContext.js';
 import { NewAgentsNotification } from './NewAgentsNotification.js';
 import { AgentConfigDialog } from './AgentConfigDialog.js';
 
@@ -59,22 +57,6 @@ export const DialogManager = ({
     terminalWidth: uiTerminalWidth,
   } = uiState;
 
-  const {
-    request: askUserRequest,
-    submit: askUserSubmit,
-    cancel: askUserCancel,
-  } = useAskUserActions();
-
-  if (askUserRequest) {
-    return (
-      <AskUserDialog
-        questions={askUserRequest.questions}
-        onSubmit={askUserSubmit}
-        onCancel={askUserCancel}
-      />
-    );
-  }
-
   if (uiState.adminSettingsChanged) {
     return <AdminSettingsChangedDialog />;
   }
@@ -134,11 +116,24 @@ export const DialogManager = ({
       />
     );
   }
-  if (uiState.confirmationRequest) {
+
+  // commandConfirmationRequest and authConsentRequest are kept separate
+  // to avoid focus deadlocks and state race conditions between the
+  // synchronous command loop and the asynchronous auth flow.
+  if (uiState.commandConfirmationRequest) {
     return (
       <ConsentPrompt
-        prompt={uiState.confirmationRequest.prompt}
-        onConfirm={uiState.confirmationRequest.onConfirm}
+        prompt={uiState.commandConfirmationRequest.prompt}
+        onConfirm={uiState.commandConfirmationRequest.onConfirm}
+        terminalWidth={terminalWidth}
+      />
+    );
+  }
+  if (uiState.authConsentRequest) {
+    return (
+      <ConsentPrompt
+        prompt={uiState.authConsentRequest.prompt}
+        onConfirm={uiState.authConsentRequest.onConfirm}
         terminalWidth={terminalWidth}
       />
     );

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ExitPlanModeDialog.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, afterEach, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+import { act } from 'react';
+import { renderWithProviders } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
+import { waitFor } from '../../test-utils/async.js';
+import { ExitPlanModeDialog } from './ExitPlanModeDialog.js';
+import { useKeypress } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
+import { keyMatchers, Command } from '../keyMatchers.js';
+import {
+  ApprovalMode,
+  validatePlanContent,
+  processSingleFileContent,
+  type FileSystemService,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import * as fs from 'node:fs';
+
+vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const actual =
+    await importOriginal<typeof import('@google/gemini-cli-core')>();
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    validatePlanPath: vi.fn(async () => null),
+    validatePlanContent: vi.fn(async () => null),
+    processSingleFileContent: vi.fn(),
+  };
+});
+
+vi.mock('node:fs', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const actual = await importOriginal<typeof fs>();
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    existsSync: vi.fn(),
+    realpathSync: vi.fn((p) => p),
+    promises: {
+      ...actual.promises,
+      readFile: vi.fn(),
+    },
+  };
+});
+
+const writeKey = (stdin: { write: (data: string) => void }, key: string) => {
+  act(() => {
+    stdin.write(key);
+  });
+};
+
+describe('ExitPlanModeDialog', () => {
+  const mockTargetDir = '/mock/project';
+  const mockPlansDir = '/mock/project/plans';
+  const mockPlanFullPath = '/mock/project/plans/test-plan.md';
+
+  const samplePlanContent = `## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options`;
+
+  const longPlanContent = `## Overview
+
+Implement a comprehensive authentication system with multiple providers.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add OAuth2 provider support in \`src/auth/providers/OAuth2Provider.ts\`
+5. Add SAML provider support in \`src/auth/providers/SAMLProvider.ts\`
+6. Add LDAP provider support in \`src/auth/providers/LDAPProvider.ts\`
+7. Create token refresh mechanism in \`src/auth/TokenManager.ts\`
+8. Add multi-factor authentication in \`src/auth/MFAService.ts\`
+9. Implement session timeout handling in \`src/auth/SessionManager.ts\`
+10. Add audit logging for auth events in \`src/auth/AuditLogger.ts\`
+11. Create user profile management in \`src/auth/UserProfile.ts\`
+12. Add role-based access control in \`src/auth/RBACService.ts\`
+13. Implement password policy enforcement in \`src/auth/PasswordPolicy.ts\`
+14. Add brute force protection in \`src/auth/BruteForceGuard.ts\`
+15. Create secure cookie handling in \`src/auth/CookieManager.ts\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+- \`src/routes/api.ts\` - Add auth endpoints
+- \`src/middleware/cors.ts\` - Update CORS for auth headers
+- \`src/utils/crypto.ts\` - Add encryption utilities
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+- Unit tests for each auth provider
+- Integration tests for full auth flows
+- Security penetration testing
+- Load testing for session management`;
+
+  let onApprove: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+  let onFeedback: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+  let onCancel: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    vi.mocked(processSingleFileContent).mockResolvedValue({
+      llmContent: samplePlanContent,
+      returnDisplay: 'Read file',
+    });
+    vi.mocked(fs.existsSync).mockReturnValue(true);
+    vi.mocked(fs.realpathSync).mockImplementation((p) => p as string);
+    onApprove = vi.fn();
+    onFeedback = vi.fn();
+    onCancel = vi.fn();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.runOnlyPendingTimers();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  const renderDialog = (options?: { useAlternateBuffer?: boolean }) =>
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <ExitPlanModeDialog
+        planPath={mockPlanFullPath}
+        onApprove={onApprove}
+        onFeedback={onFeedback}
+        onCancel={onCancel}
+        width={80}
+        availableHeight={24}
+      />,
+      {
+        ...options,
+        config: {
+          getTargetDir: () => mockTargetDir,
+          getIdeMode: () => false,
+          isTrustedFolder: () => true,
+          storage: {
+            getProjectTempPlansDir: () => mockPlansDir,
+          },
+          getFileSystemService: (): FileSystemService => ({
+            readTextFile: vi.fn(),
+            writeTextFile: vi.fn(),
+          }),
+        } as unknown as import('@google/gemini-cli-core').Config,
+      },
+    );
+
+  describe.each([{ useAlternateBuffer: true }, { useAlternateBuffer: false }])(
+    'useAlternateBuffer: $useAlternateBuffer',
+    ({ useAlternateBuffer }) => {
+      it('renders correctly with plan content', async () => {
+        const { lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        // Advance timers to pass the debounce period
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(processSingleFileContent).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+            mockPlanFullPath,
+            mockPlansDir,
+            expect.anything(),
+          );
+        });
+
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+      });
+
+      it('calls onApprove with AUTO_EDIT when first option is selected', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(onApprove).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ApprovalMode.AUTO_EDIT);
+        });
+      });
+
+      it('calls onApprove with DEFAULT when second option is selected', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(onApprove).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ApprovalMode.DEFAULT);
+        });
+      });
+
+      it('calls onFeedback when feedback is typed and submitted', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        // Navigate to feedback option
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r'); // Select to focus input
+
+        // Type feedback
+        for (const char of 'Add tests') {
+          writeKey(stdin, char);
+        }
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+        });
+
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(onFeedback).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Add tests');
+        });
+      });
+
+      it('calls onCancel when Esc is pressed', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b'); // Escape
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        expect(onCancel).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      });
+
+      it('displays error state when file read fails', async () => {
+        vi.mocked(processSingleFileContent).mockResolvedValue({
+          llmContent: '',
+          returnDisplay: '',
+          error: 'File not found',
+        });
+
+        const { lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Error reading plan: File not found');
+        });
+
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+      });
+
+      it('displays error state when plan file is empty', async () => {
+        vi.mocked(validatePlanContent).mockResolvedValue('Plan file is empty.');
+
+        const { lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain(
+            'Error reading plan: Plan file is empty.',
+          );
+        });
+      });
+
+      it('handles long plan content appropriately', async () => {
+        vi.mocked(processSingleFileContent).mockResolvedValue({
+          llmContent: longPlanContent,
+          returnDisplay: 'Read file',
+        });
+
+        const { lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain(
+            'Implement a comprehensive authentication system',
+          );
+        });
+
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+      });
+
+      it('allows number key quick selection', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        // Press '2' to select second option directly
+        writeKey(stdin, '2');
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(onApprove).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ApprovalMode.DEFAULT);
+        });
+      });
+
+      it('clears feedback text when Ctrl+C is pressed while editing', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        // Navigate to feedback option and start typing
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r'); // Select to focus input
+
+        // Type some feedback
+        for (const char of 'test feedback') {
+          writeKey(stdin, char);
+        }
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('test feedback');
+        });
+
+        // Press Ctrl+C to clear
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x03'); // Ctrl+C
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('test feedback');
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Type your feedback...');
+        });
+
+        // Dialog should still be open (not cancelled)
+        expect(onCancel).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      });
+
+      it('bubbles up Ctrl+C when feedback is empty while editing', async () => {
+        const onBubbledQuit = vi.fn();
+
+        const BubbleListener = ({
+          children,
+        }: {
+          children: React.ReactNode;
+        }) => {
+          useKeypress(
+            (key) => {
+              if (keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key)) {
+                onBubbledQuit();
+              }
+              return false;
+            },
+            { isActive: true },
+          );
+          return <>{children}</>;
+        };
+
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+          <BubbleListener>
+            <ExitPlanModeDialog
+              planPath={mockPlanFullPath}
+              onApprove={onApprove}
+              onFeedback={onFeedback}
+              onCancel={onCancel}
+              width={80}
+              availableHeight={24}
+            />
+          </BubbleListener>,
+          {
+            useAlternateBuffer,
+            config: {
+              getTargetDir: () => mockTargetDir,
+              getIdeMode: () => false,
+              isTrustedFolder: () => true,
+              storage: {
+                getProjectTempPlansDir: () => mockPlansDir,
+              },
+              getFileSystemService: (): FileSystemService => ({
+                readTextFile: vi.fn(),
+                writeTextFile: vi.fn(),
+              }),
+            } as unknown as import('@google/gemini-cli-core').Config,
+          },
+        );
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        // Navigate to feedback option
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+
+        // Type some feedback
+        for (const char of 'test') {
+          writeKey(stdin, char);
+        }
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('test');
+        });
+
+        // First Ctrl+C to clear text
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x03'); // Ctrl+C
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+        });
+        expect(onBubbledQuit).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+        // Second Ctrl+C to exit (should bubble)
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x03'); // Ctrl+C
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(onBubbledQuit).toHaveBeenCalled();
+        });
+        expect(onCancel).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      });
+
+      it('does not submit empty feedback when Enter is pressed', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        // Navigate to feedback option
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+
+        // Press Enter without typing anything
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+
+        // Wait a bit to ensure no callback was triggered
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.advanceTimersByTime(50);
+        });
+
+        expect(onFeedback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(onApprove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      });
+
+      it('allows arrow navigation while typing feedback to change selection', async () => {
+        const { stdin, lastFrame } = renderDialog({ useAlternateBuffer });
+
+        await act(async () => {
+          vi.runAllTimers();
+        });
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Add user authentication');
+        });
+
+        // Navigate to feedback option and start typing
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[B'); // Down arrow
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r'); // Select to focus input
+
+        // Type some feedback
+        for (const char of 'test') {
+          writeKey(stdin, char);
+        }
+
+        // Now use up arrow to navigate back to a different option
+        writeKey(stdin, '\x1b[A'); // Up arrow
+
+        // Press Enter to select the second option (manually accept edits)
+        writeKey(stdin, '\r');
+
+        await waitFor(() => {
+          expect(onApprove).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ApprovalMode.DEFAULT);
+        });
+        expect(onFeedback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      });
+    },
+  );
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ExitPlanModeDialog.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import type React from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
+import {
+  ApprovalMode,
+  validatePlanPath,
+  validatePlanContent,
+  QuestionType,
+  type Config,
+  processSingleFileContent,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
+import { useConfig } from '../contexts/ConfigContext.js';
+import { AskUserDialog } from './AskUserDialog.js';
+
+export interface ExitPlanModeDialogProps {
+  planPath: string;
+  onApprove: (approvalMode: ApprovalMode) => void;
+  onFeedback: (feedback: string) => void;
+  onCancel: () => void;
+  width: number;
+  availableHeight?: number;
+}
+
+enum PlanStatus {
+  Loading = 'loading',
+  Loaded = 'loaded',
+  Error = 'error',
+}
+
+interface PlanContentState {
+  status: PlanStatus;
+  content?: string;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+enum ApprovalOption {
+  Auto = 'Yes, automatically accept edits',
+  Manual = 'Yes, manually accept edits',
+}
+
+/**
+ * A tiny component for loading and error states with consistent styling.
+ */
+const StatusMessage: React.FC<{
+  children: React.ReactNode;
+}> = ({ children }) => <Box paddingX={1}>{children}</Box>;
+
+function usePlanContent(planPath: string, config: Config): PlanContentState {
+  const [state, setState] = useState<PlanContentState>({
+    status: PlanStatus.Loading,
+  });
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let ignore = false;
+    setState({ status: PlanStatus.Loading });
+
+    const load = async () => {
+      try {
+        const pathError = await validatePlanPath(
+          planPath,
+          config.storage.getProjectTempPlansDir(),
+          config.getTargetDir(),
+        );
+        if (ignore) return;
+        if (pathError) {
+          setState({ status: PlanStatus.Error, error: pathError });
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const contentError = await validatePlanContent(planPath);
+        if (ignore) return;
+        if (contentError) {
+          setState({ status: PlanStatus.Error, error: contentError });
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const result = await processSingleFileContent(
+          planPath,
+          config.storage.getProjectTempPlansDir(),
+          config.getFileSystemService(),
+        );
+
+        if (ignore) return;
+
+        if (result.error) {
+          setState({ status: PlanStatus.Error, error: result.error });
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (typeof result.llmContent !== 'string') {
+          setState({
+            status: PlanStatus.Error,
+            error: 'Plan file format not supported (binary or image).',
+          });
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const content = result.llmContent;
+        if (!content) {
+          setState({ status: PlanStatus.Error, error: 'Plan file is empty.' });
+          return;
+        }
+        setState({ status: PlanStatus.Loaded, content });
+      } catch (err: unknown) {
+        if (ignore) return;
+        const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+        setState({ status: PlanStatus.Error, error: errorMessage });
+      }
+    };
+
+    void load();
+
+    return () => {
+      ignore = true;
+    };
+  }, [planPath, config]);
+
+  return state;
+}
+
+export const ExitPlanModeDialog: React.FC<ExitPlanModeDialogProps> = ({
+  planPath,
+  onApprove,
+  onFeedback,
+  onCancel,
+  width,
+  availableHeight,
+}) => {
+  const config = useConfig();
+  const planState = usePlanContent(planPath, config);
+  const [showLoading, setShowLoading] = useState(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (planState.status !== PlanStatus.Loading) {
+      setShowLoading(false);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+      setShowLoading(true);
+    }, 200);
+
+    return () => clearTimeout(timer);
+  }, [planState.status]);
+
+  if (planState.status === PlanStatus.Loading) {
+    if (!showLoading) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    return (
+      <StatusMessage>
+        <Text color={theme.text.secondary} italic>
+          Loading plan...
+        </Text>
+      </StatusMessage>
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (planState.status === PlanStatus.Error) {
+    return (
+      <StatusMessage>
+        <Text color={theme.status.error}>
+          Error reading plan: {planState.error}
+        </Text>
+      </StatusMessage>
+    );
+  }
+
+  const planContent = planState.content?.trim();
+  if (!planContent) {
+    return (
+      <StatusMessage>
+        <Text color={theme.status.error}>Error: Plan content is empty.</Text>
+      </StatusMessage>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Box flexDirection="column" width={width}>
+      <AskUserDialog
+        questions={[
+          {
+            type: QuestionType.CHOICE,
+            header: 'Approval',
+            question: planContent,
+            options: [
+              {
+                label: ApprovalOption.Auto,
+                description:
+                  'Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically',
+              },
+              {
+                label: ApprovalOption.Manual,
+                description:
+                  'Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool',
+              },
+            ],
+            placeholder: 'Type your feedback...',
+            multiSelect: false,
+          },
+        ]}
+        onSubmit={(answers) => {
+          const answer = answers['0'];
+          if (answer === ApprovalOption.Auto) {
+            onApprove(ApprovalMode.AUTO_EDIT);
+          } else if (answer === ApprovalOption.Manual) {
+            onApprove(ApprovalMode.DEFAULT);
+          } else if (answer) {
+            onFeedback(answer);
+          }
+        }}
+        onCancel={onCancel}
+        width={width}
+        availableHeight={availableHeight}
+      />
+    </Box>
+  );
+};

packages/cli/src/ui/components/InputPrompt.test.tsx

@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ import { StreamingState } from '../types.js';
 import { terminalCapabilityManager } from '../utils/terminalCapabilityManager.js';
 import type { UIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import { isLowColorDepth } from '../utils/terminalUtils.js';
+import { keyMatchers, Command } from '../keyMatchers.js';
+import type { Key } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 
 vi.mock('../hooks/useShellHistory.js');
 vi.mock('../hooks/useCommandCompletion.js');
@@ -169,7 +171,16 @@ describe('InputPrompt', () => {
       allVisualLines: [''],
       visualCursor: [0, 0],
       visualScrollRow: 0,
-      handleInput: vi.fn(),
+      handleInput: vi.fn((key: Key) => {
+        if (keyMatchers[Command.CLEAR_INPUT](key)) {
+          if (mockBuffer.text.length > 0) {
+            mockBuffer.setText('');
+            return true;
+          }
+          return false;
+        }
+        return false;
+      }),
       move: vi.fn(),
       moveToOffset: vi.fn((offset: number) => {
         mockBuffer.cursor = [0, offset];
@@ -499,6 +510,23 @@ describe('InputPrompt', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
+  it('should clear the buffer and reset completion on Ctrl+C', async () => {
+    mockBuffer.text = 'some text';
+    const { stdin, unmount } = renderWithProviders(<InputPrompt {...props} />, {
+      uiActions,
+    });
+
+    await act(async () => {
+      stdin.write('\u0003'); // Ctrl+C
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(mockBuffer.setText).toHaveBeenCalledWith('');
+      expect(mockCommandCompletion.resetCompletionState).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+    unmount();
+  });
+
   describe('clipboard image paste', () => {
     beforeEach(() => {
       vi.mocked(clipboardUtils.clipboardHasImage).mockResolvedValue(false);
@@ -2747,6 +2775,23 @@ describe('InputPrompt', () => {
       });
       unmount();
     });
+
+    it('ensures Ctrl+R search results are prioritized newest-to-oldest by reversing userMessages', async () => {
+      props.shellModeActive = false;
+      props.userMessages = ['oldest', 'middle', 'newest'];
+
+      renderWithProviders(<InputPrompt {...props} />);
+
+      const calls = vi.mocked(useReverseSearchCompletion).mock.calls;
+      const commandSearchCall = calls.find(
+        (call) =>
+          call[1] === props.userMessages ||
+          (Array.isArray(call[1]) && call[1][0] === 'newest'),
+      );
+
+      expect(commandSearchCall).toBeDefined();
+      expect(commandSearchCall![1]).toEqual(['newest', 'middle', 'oldest']);
+    });
   });
 
   describe('Tab focus toggle', () => {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/InputPrompt.tsx

@@ -152,8 +152,14 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
   const kittyProtocol = useKittyKeyboardProtocol();
   const isShellFocused = useShellFocusState();
   const { setEmbeddedShellFocused } = useUIActions();
-  const { terminalWidth, activePtyId, history, terminalBackgroundColor } =
-    useUIState();
+  const {
+    terminalWidth,
+    activePtyId,
+    history,
+    terminalBackgroundColor,
+    backgroundShells,
+    backgroundShellHeight,
+  } = useUIState();
   const [justNavigatedHistory, setJustNavigatedHistory] = useState(false);
   const escPressCount = useRef(0);
   const [showEscapePrompt, setShowEscapePrompt] = useState(false);
@@ -191,9 +197,14 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
     reverseSearchActive,
   );
 
+  const reversedUserMessages = useMemo(
+    () => [...userMessages].reverse(),
+    [userMessages],
+  );
+
   const commandSearchCompletion = useReverseSearchCompletion(
     buffer,
-    userMessages,
+    reversedUserMessages,
     commandSearchActive,
   );
 
@@ -476,6 +487,14 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
         return false;
       }
 
+      if (
+        key.name === 'escape' &&
+        (streamingState === StreamingState.Responding ||
+          streamingState === StreamingState.WaitingForConfirmation)
+      ) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
       if (key.name === 'paste') {
         // Record paste time to prevent accidental auto-submission
         if (!isTerminalPasteTrusted(kittyProtocol.enabled)) {
@@ -598,6 +617,12 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
         return true;
       }
 
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.CLEAR_SCREEN](key)) {
+        setBannerVisible(false);
+        onClearScreen();
+        return true;
+      }
+
       if (shellModeActive && keyMatchers[Command.REVERSE_SEARCH](key)) {
         setReverseSearchActive(true);
         setTextBeforeReverseSearch(buffer.text);
@@ -605,12 +630,6 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
         return true;
       }
 
-      if (keyMatchers[Command.CLEAR_SCREEN](key)) {
-        setBannerVisible(false);
-        onClearScreen();
-        return true;
-      }
-
       if (reverseSearchActive || commandSearchActive) {
         const isCommandSearch = commandSearchActive;
 
@@ -875,14 +894,6 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
         buffer.move('end');
         return true;
       }
-      // Ctrl+C (Clear input)
-      if (keyMatchers[Command.CLEAR_INPUT](key)) {
-        if (buffer.text.length > 0) {
-          buffer.setText('');
-          resetCompletionState();
-        }
-        return false;
-      }
 
       // Kill line commands
       if (keyMatchers[Command.KILL_LINE_RIGHT](key)) {
@@ -915,7 +926,10 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
 
       if (keyMatchers[Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT](key)) {
         // If we got here, Autocomplete didn't handle the key (e.g. no suggestions).
-        if (activePtyId) {
+        if (
+          activePtyId ||
+          (backgroundShells.size > 0 && backgroundShellHeight > 0)
+        ) {
           setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
         }
         return true;
@@ -924,17 +938,23 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
       // Fall back to the text buffer's default input handling for all other keys
       const handled = buffer.handleInput(key);
 
-      // Clear ghost text when user types regular characters (not navigation/control keys)
-      if (
-        completion.promptCompletion.text &&
-        key.sequence &&
-        key.sequence.length === 1 &&
-        !key.alt &&
-        !key.ctrl &&
-        !key.cmd
-      ) {
-        completion.promptCompletion.clear();
-        setExpandedSuggestionIndex(-1);
+      if (handled) {
+        if (keyMatchers[Command.CLEAR_INPUT](key)) {
+          resetCompletionState();
+        }
+
+        // Clear ghost text when user types regular characters (not navigation/control keys)
+        if (
+          completion.promptCompletion.text &&
+          key.sequence &&
+          key.sequence.length === 1 &&
+          !key.alt &&
+          !key.ctrl &&
+          !key.cmd
+        ) {
+          completion.promptCompletion.clear();
+          setExpandedSuggestionIndex(-1);
+        }
       }
       return handled;
     },
@@ -967,11 +987,17 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
       onSubmit,
       activePtyId,
       setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      backgroundShells.size,
+      backgroundShellHeight,
       history,
+      streamingState,
     ],
   );
 
-  useKeypress(handleInput, { isActive: !isEmbeddedShellFocused });
+  useKeypress(handleInput, {
+    isActive: !isEmbeddedShellFocused,
+    priority: true,
+  });
 
   const linesToRender = buffer.viewportVisualLines;
   const [cursorVisualRowAbsolute, cursorVisualColAbsolute] =

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RewindViewer.test.tsx

@@ -254,6 +254,7 @@ describe('RewindViewer', () => {
       {
         description: 'removes reference markers',
         prompt: `some command @file\n--- Content from referenced files ---\nContent from file:\nblah blah\n--- End of content ---`,
+        expected: 'some command @file',
       },
       {
         description: 'strips expanded MCP resource content',
@@ -263,10 +264,23 @@ describe('RewindViewer', () => {
           '\nContent from @server3:mcp://demo-resource:\n' +
           'This is the content of the demo resource.\n' +
           `--- End of content ---`,
+        expected: 'read @server3:mcp://demo-resource hello',
       },
-    ])('$description', async ({ prompt }) => {
+      {
+        description: 'uses displayContent if present and does not strip',
+        prompt: `raw content with markers\n--- Content from referenced files ---\nblah\n--- End of content ---`,
+        displayContent: 'clean display content',
+        expected: 'clean display content',
+      },
+    ])('$description', async ({ prompt, displayContent, expected }) => {
       const conversation = createConversation([
-        { type: 'user', content: prompt, id: '1', timestamp: '1' },
+        {
+          type: 'user',
+          content: prompt,
+          displayContent,
+          id: '1',
+          timestamp: '1',
+        },
       ]);
       const onRewind = vi.fn();
       const { lastFrame, stdin } = renderWithProviders(
@@ -289,6 +303,15 @@ describe('RewindViewer', () => {
       await waitFor(() => {
         expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Confirm Rewind');
       });
+
+      // Confirm
+      act(() => {
+        stdin.write('\r');
+      });
+
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(onRewind).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1', expected, expect.anything());
+      });
     });
   });
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/RewindViewer.tsx

@@ -35,6 +35,14 @@ interface RewindViewerProps {
 
 const MAX_LINES_PER_BOX = 2;
 
+const getCleanedRewindText = (userPrompt: MessageRecord): string => {
+  const contentToUse = userPrompt.displayContent || userPrompt.content;
+  const originalUserText = contentToUse ? partToString(contentToUse) : '';
+  return userPrompt.displayContent
+    ? originalUserText
+    : stripReferenceContent(originalUserText);
+};
+
 export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
   conversation,
   onExit,
@@ -162,10 +170,7 @@ export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
               (m) => m.id === selectedMessageId,
             );
             if (userPrompt) {
-              const originalUserText = userPrompt.content
-                ? partToString(userPrompt.content)
-                : '';
-              const cleanedText = stripReferenceContent(originalUserText);
+              const cleanedText = getCleanedRewindText(userPrompt);
               setIsRewinding(true);
               await onRewind(selectedMessageId, cleanedText, outcome);
             }
@@ -224,7 +229,9 @@ export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
                       isSelected ? theme.status.success : theme.text.primary
                     }
                   >
-                    {partToString(userPrompt.content)}
+                    {partToString(
+                      userPrompt.displayContent || userPrompt.content,
+                    )}
                   </Text>
                   <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
                     Cancel rewind and stay here
@@ -235,10 +242,7 @@ export const RewindViewer: React.FC<RewindViewerProps> = ({
 
             const stats = getStats(userPrompt);
             const firstFileName = stats?.details?.at(0)?.fileName;
-            const originalUserText = userPrompt.content
-              ? partToString(userPrompt.content)
-              : '';
-            const cleanedText = stripReferenceContent(originalUserText);
+            const cleanedText = getCleanedRewindText(userPrompt);
 
             return (
               <Box flexDirection="column" marginBottom={1}>

packages/cli/src/ui/components/SettingsDialog.test.tsx

@@ -1391,7 +1391,6 @@ describe('SettingsDialog', () => {
           },
           tools: {
             enableInteractiveShell: true,
-            autoAccept: true,
             useRipgrep: true,
           },
           security: {
@@ -1484,7 +1483,6 @@ describe('SettingsDialog', () => {
         userSettings: {
           tools: {
             enableInteractiveShell: true,
-            autoAccept: false,
             useRipgrep: true,
             truncateToolOutputThreshold: 25000,
             truncateToolOutputLines: 500,
@@ -1537,7 +1535,6 @@ describe('SettingsDialog', () => {
           },
           tools: {
             enableInteractiveShell: false,
-            autoAccept: false,
             useRipgrep: false,
           },
           security: {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ShellInputPrompt.tsx

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import type React from 'react';
 import { useKeypress } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { ShellExecutionService } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { keyToAnsi, type Key } from '../hooks/keyToAnsi.js';
+import { Command, keyMatchers } from '../keyMatchers.js';
 
 export interface ShellInputPromptProps {
   activeShellPtyId: number | null;
@@ -31,22 +32,31 @@ export const ShellInputPrompt: React.FC<ShellInputPromptProps> = ({
   const handleInput = useCallback(
     (key: Key) => {
       if (!focus || !activeShellPtyId) {
-        return;
+        return false;
       }
+
+      // Allow background shell toggle to bubble up
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
       if (key.ctrl && key.shift && key.name === 'up') {
         ShellExecutionService.scrollPty(activeShellPtyId, -1);
-        return;
+        return true;
       }
 
       if (key.ctrl && key.shift && key.name === 'down') {
         ShellExecutionService.scrollPty(activeShellPtyId, 1);
-        return;
+        return true;
       }
 
       const ansiSequence = keyToAnsi(key);
       if (ansiSequence) {
         handleShellInputSubmit(ansiSequence);
+        return true;
       }
+
+      return false;
     },
     [focus, handleShellInputSubmit, activeShellPtyId],
   );

packages/cli/src/ui/components/StatusDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -15,8 +15,14 @@ import type { TextBuffer } from './shared/text-buffer.js';
 
 // Mock child components to simplify testing
 vi.mock('./ContextSummaryDisplay.js', () => ({
-  ContextSummaryDisplay: (props: { skillCount: number }) => (
-    <Text>Mock Context Summary Display (Skills: {props.skillCount})</Text>
+  ContextSummaryDisplay: (props: {
+    skillCount: number;
+    backgroundProcessCount: number;
+  }) => (
+    <Text>
+      Mock Context Summary Display (Skills: {props.skillCount}, Shells:{' '}
+      {props.backgroundProcessCount})
+    </Text>
   ),
 }));
 
@@ -41,6 +47,7 @@ const createMockUIState = (overrides: UIStateOverrides = {}): UIState =>
     ideContextState: null,
     geminiMdFileCount: 0,
     contextFileNames: [],
+    backgroundShellCount: 0,
     buffer: { text: '' },
     history: [{ id: 1, type: 'user', text: 'test' }],
     ...overrides,
@@ -227,4 +234,15 @@ describe('StatusDisplay', () => {
     );
     expect(lastFrame()).toBe('');
   });
+
+  it('passes backgroundShellCount to ContextSummaryDisplay', () => {
+    const uiState = createMockUIState({
+      backgroundShellCount: 3,
+    });
+    const { lastFrame } = renderStatusDisplay(
+      { hideContextSummary: false },
+      uiState,
+    );
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Shells: 3');
+  });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/StatusDisplay.tsx

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ export const StatusDisplay: React.FC<StatusDisplayProps> = ({
           config.getMcpClientManager()?.getBlockedMcpServers() ?? []
         }
         skillCount={config.getSkillManager().getDisplayableSkills().length}
+        backgroundProcessCount={uiState.backgroundShellCount}
       />
     );
   }

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ToolConfirmationQueue.tsx

@@ -16,6 +16,22 @@ import { OverflowProvider } from '../contexts/OverflowContext.js';
 import { ShowMoreLines } from './ShowMoreLines.js';
 import { StickyHeader } from './StickyHeader.js';
 import { useAlternateBuffer } from '../hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
+import type { SerializableConfirmationDetails } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+
+function getConfirmationHeader(
+  details: SerializableConfirmationDetails | undefined,
+): string {
+  const headers: Partial<
+    Record<SerializableConfirmationDetails['type'], string>
+  > = {
+    ask_user: 'Answer Questions',
+    exit_plan_mode: 'Ready to start implementation?',
+  };
+  if (!details?.type) {
+    return 'Action Required';
+  }
+  return headers[details.type] ?? 'Action Required';
+}
 
 interface ToolConfirmationQueueProps {
   confirmingTool: ConfirmingToolState;
@@ -55,6 +71,9 @@ export const ToolConfirmationQueue: React.FC<ToolConfirmationQueueProps> = ({
       : undefined;
 
   const borderColor = theme.status.warning;
+  const hideToolIdentity =
+    tool.confirmationDetails?.type === 'ask_user' ||
+    tool.confirmationDetails?.type === 'exit_plan_mode';
 
   return (
     <OverflowProvider>
@@ -67,25 +86,31 @@ export const ToolConfirmationQueue: React.FC<ToolConfirmationQueueProps> = ({
         >
           <Box flexDirection="column" width={mainAreaWidth - 4}>
             {/* Header */}
-            <Box marginBottom={1} justifyContent="space-between">
+            <Box
+              marginBottom={hideToolIdentity ? 0 : 1}
+              justifyContent="space-between"
+            >
               <Text color={theme.status.warning} bold>
-                Action Required
-              </Text>
-              <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
-                {index} of {total}
+                {getConfirmationHeader(tool.confirmationDetails)}
               </Text>
+              {total > 1 && (
+                <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+                  {index} of {total}
+                </Text>
+              )}
             </Box>
 
-            {/* Tool Identity (Context) */}
-            <Box>
-              <ToolStatusIndicator status={tool.status} name={tool.name} />
-              <ToolInfo
-                name={tool.name}
-                status={tool.status}
-                description={tool.description}
-                emphasis="high"
-              />
-            </Box>
+            {!hideToolIdentity && (
+              <Box>
+                <ToolStatusIndicator status={tool.status} name={tool.name} />
+                <ToolInfo
+                  name={tool.name}
+                  status={tool.status}
+                  description={tool.description}
+                  emphasis="high"
+                />
+              </Box>
+            )}
           </Box>
         </StickyHeader>
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/AskUserDialog.test.tsx.snap

@@ -1,138 +1,189 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
+exports[`AskUserDialog > Choice question placeholder > uses default placeholder when not provided 1`] = `
+"Select your preferred language:
+
+  1.  TypeScript
+  2.  JavaScript
+● 3.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`AskUserDialog > Choice question placeholder > uses placeholder for "Other" option when provided 1`] = `
+"Select your preferred language:
+
+  1.  TypeScript
+  2.  JavaScript
+● 3.  Type another language...
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`AskUserDialog > Scroll Arrows (useAlternateBuffer: false) > shows scroll arrows correctly when useAlternateBuffer is false 1`] = `
+"Choose an option
+
+▲
+●  1.  Option 1
+       Description 1
+   2.  Option 2
+       Description 2
+▼
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`AskUserDialog > Scroll Arrows (useAlternateBuffer: true) > shows scroll arrows correctly when useAlternateBuffer is true 1`] = `
+"Choose an option
+
+●  1.  Option 1
+       Description 1
+   2.  Option 2
+       Description 2
+   3.  Option 3
+       Description 3
+   4.  Option 4
+       Description 4
+   5.  Option 5
+       Description 5
+   6.  Option 6
+       Description 6
+   7.  Option 7
+       Description 7
+   8.  Option 8
+       Description 8
+   9.  Option 9
+       Description 9
+  10.  Option 10
+       Description 10
+  11.  Option 11
+       Description 11
+  12.  Option 12
+       Description 12
+  13.  Option 13
+       Description 13
+  14.  Option 14
+       Description 14
+  15.  Option 15
+       Description 15
+  16.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
 exports[`AskUserDialog > Text type questions > renders text input for type: "text" 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ What should we name this component?                                                                                  │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ > e.g., UserProfileCard                                                                                              │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to submit · Esc to cancel                                                                                      │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"What should we name this component?
+
+> e.g., UserProfileCard
+
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > Text type questions > shows correct keyboard hints for text type 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Enter the variable name:                                                                                             │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ > Enter your response                                                                                                │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to submit · Esc to cancel                                                                                      │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"Enter the variable name:
+
+> Enter your response
+
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > Text type questions > shows default placeholder when none provided 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Enter the database connection string:                                                                                │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ > Enter your response                                                                                                │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to submit · Esc to cancel                                                                                      │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"Enter the database connection string:
+
+> Enter your response
+
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > allows navigating to Review tab and back 1`] = `
-"╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ ← □ Tests │ □ Docs │ ≡ Review →                                 │
-│                                                                 │
-│ Review your answers:                                            │
-│                                                                 │
-│ ⚠ You have 2 unanswered questions                               │
-│                                                                 │
-│ Tests → (not answered)                                          │
-│ Docs → (not answered)                                           │
-│                                                                 │
-│ Enter to submit · Tab/Shift+Tab to edit answers · Esc to cancel │
-╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"← □ Tests │ □ Docs │ ≡ Review →
+
+Review your answers:
+
+⚠ You have 2 unanswered questions
+
+Tests → (not answered)
+Docs → (not answered)
+
+Enter to submit · Tab/Shift+Tab to edit answers · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > hides progress header for single question 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Which authentication method should we use?                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ ● 1.  OAuth 2.0                                                                                                      │
-│       Industry standard, supports SSO                                                                                │
-│   2.  JWT tokens                                                                                                     │
-│       Stateless, good for APIs                                                                                       │
-│   3.  Enter a custom value                                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel                                                                    │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"Which authentication method should we use?
+
+● 1.  OAuth 2.0
+      Industry standard, supports SSO
+  2.  JWT tokens
+      Stateless, good for APIs
+  3.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > renders question and options 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Which authentication method should we use?                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ ● 1.  OAuth 2.0                                                                                                      │
-│       Industry standard, supports SSO                                                                                │
-│   2.  JWT tokens                                                                                                     │
-│       Stateless, good for APIs                                                                                       │
-│   3.  Enter a custom value                                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel                                                                    │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"Which authentication method should we use?
+
+● 1.  OAuth 2.0
+      Industry standard, supports SSO
+  2.  JWT tokens
+      Stateless, good for APIs
+  3.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > shows Review tab in progress header for multiple questions 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ ← □ Framework │ □ Styling │ ≡ Review →                                                                               │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Which framework?                                                                                                     │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ ● 1.  React                                                                                                          │
-│       Component library                                                                                              │
-│   2.  Vue                                                                                                            │
-│       Progressive framework                                                                                          │
-│   3.  Enter a custom value                                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to select · ←/→ to switch questions · Esc to cancel                                                            │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"← □ Framework │ □ Styling │ ≡ Review →
+
+Which framework?
+
+● 1.  React
+      Component library
+  2.  Vue
+      Progressive framework
+  3.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to select · ←/→ to switch questions · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > shows keyboard hints 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Which authentication method should we use?                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ ● 1.  OAuth 2.0                                                                                                      │
-│       Industry standard, supports SSO                                                                                │
-│   2.  JWT tokens                                                                                                     │
-│       Stateless, good for APIs                                                                                       │
-│   3.  Enter a custom value                                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel                                                                    │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"Which authentication method should we use?
+
+● 1.  OAuth 2.0
+      Industry standard, supports SSO
+  2.  JWT tokens
+      Stateless, good for APIs
+  3.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > shows progress header for multiple questions 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ ← □ Database │ □ ORM │ ≡ Review →                                                                                    │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Which database should we use?                                                                                        │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ ● 1.  PostgreSQL                                                                                                     │
-│       Relational database                                                                                            │
-│   2.  MongoDB                                                                                                        │
-│       Document database                                                                                              │
-│   3.  Enter a custom value                                                                                           │
-│                                                                                                                      │
-│ Enter to select · ←/→ to switch questions · Esc to cancel                                                            │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"← □ Database │ □ ORM │ ≡ Review →
+
+Which database should we use?
+
+● 1.  PostgreSQL
+      Relational database
+  2.  MongoDB
+      Document database
+  3.  Enter a custom value
+
+Enter to select · ←/→ to switch questions · Esc to cancel"
 `;
 
 exports[`AskUserDialog > shows warning for unanswered questions on Review tab 1`] = `
-"╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ ← □ License │ □ README │ ≡ Review →                             │
-│                                                                 │
-│ Review your answers:                                            │
-│                                                                 │
-│ ⚠ You have 2 unanswered questions                               │
-│                                                                 │
-│ License → (not answered)                                        │
-│ README → (not answered)                                         │
-│                                                                 │
-│ Enter to submit · Tab/Shift+Tab to edit answers · Esc to cancel │
-╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+"← □ License │ □ README │ ≡ Review →
+
+Review your answers:
+
+⚠ You have 2 unanswered questions
+
+License → (not answered)
+README → (not answered)
+
+Enter to submit · Tab/Shift+Tab to edit answers · Esc to cancel"
 `;

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/BackgroundShellDisplay.test.tsx.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
+
+exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > highlights the focused state 1`] = `
+"┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1: npm star...  (PID: 1001) (Focused)                   Ctrl+B Hide | Ctrl+K Kill | Ctrl+L List │
+│ Starting server...                                                                               │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"
+`;
+
+exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > keeps exit code status color even when selected 1`] = `
+"┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1: npm star...  (PID: 1003) (Focused)                   Ctrl+B Hide | Ctrl+K Kill | Ctrl+L List │
+│                                                                                                  │
+│ Select Process (Enter to select, Esc to cancel):                                                 │
+│                                                                                                  │
+│   1. npm start (PID: 1001)                                                                       │
+│   2. tail -f log.txt (PID: 1002)                                                                 │
+│ ● 3. exit 0 (PID: 1003) (Exit Code: 0)                                                           │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"
+`;
+
+exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders tabs for multiple shells 1`] = `
+"┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1: npm start  2: tail -f log.txt  (PID: 1001)           Ctrl+B Hide | Ctrl+K Kill | Ctrl+L List │
+│ Starting server...                                                                               │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"
+`;
+
+exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders the output of the active shell 1`] = `
+"┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1: npm ...  2: tail...  (PID: 1001)                     Ctrl+B Hide | Ctrl+K Kill | Ctrl+L List │
+│ Starting server...                                                                               │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"
+`;
+
+exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders the process list when isListOpenProp is true 1`] = `
+"┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1: npm star...  (PID: 1001) (Focused)                   Ctrl+B Hide | Ctrl+K Kill | Ctrl+L List │
+│                                                                                                  │
+│ Select Process (Enter to select, Esc to cancel):                                                 │
+│                                                                                                  │
+│ ● 1. npm start (PID: 1001)                                                                       │
+│   2. tail -f log.txt (PID: 1002)                                                                 │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"
+`;
+
+exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > scrolls to active shell when list opens 1`] = `
+"┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1: npm star...  (PID: 1002) (Focused)                   Ctrl+B Hide | Ctrl+K Kill | Ctrl+L List │
+│                                                                                                  │
+│ Select Process (Enter to select, Esc to cancel):                                                 │
+│                                                                                                  │
+│   1. npm start (PID: 1001)                                                                       │
+│ ● 2. tail -f log.txt (PID: 1002)                                                                 │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"
+`;

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/ExitPlanModeDialog.test.tsx.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+// Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: false > bubbles up Ctrl+C when feedback is empty while editing 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+
+  1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+● 3.  Type your feedback... ✓
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: false > calls onFeedback when feedback is typed and submitted 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+
+  1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+● 3.  Add tests  ✓
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: false > displays error state when file read fails 1`] = `" Error reading plan: File not found"`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: false > handles long plan content appropriately 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Implement a comprehensive authentication system with multiple providers.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add OAuth2 provider support in \`src/auth/providers/OAuth2Provider.ts\`
+5. Add SAML provider support in \`src/auth/providers/SAMLProvider.ts\`
+6. Add LDAP provider support in \`src/auth/providers/LDAPProvider.ts\`
+7. Create token refresh mechanism in \`src/auth/TokenManager.ts\`
+8. Add multi-factor authentication in \`src/auth/MFAService.ts\`
+... last 22 lines hidden ...
+
+● 1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+  3.  Type your feedback...
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: false > renders correctly with plan content 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+
+● 1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+  3.  Type your feedback...
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: true > bubbles up Ctrl+C when feedback is empty while editing 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+
+  1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+● 3.  Type your feedback... ✓
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: true > calls onFeedback when feedback is typed and submitted 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+
+  1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+● 3.  Add tests  ✓
+
+Enter to submit · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: true > displays error state when file read fails 1`] = `" Error reading plan: File not found"`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: true > handles long plan content appropriately 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Implement a comprehensive authentication system with multiple providers.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add OAuth2 provider support in \`src/auth/providers/OAuth2Provider.ts\`
+5. Add SAML provider support in \`src/auth/providers/SAMLProvider.ts\`
+6. Add LDAP provider support in \`src/auth/providers/LDAPProvider.ts\`
+7. Create token refresh mechanism in \`src/auth/TokenManager.ts\`
+8. Add multi-factor authentication in \`src/auth/MFAService.ts\`
+9. Implement session timeout handling in \`src/auth/SessionManager.ts\`
+10. Add audit logging for auth events in \`src/auth/AuditLogger.ts\`
+11. Create user profile management in \`src/auth/UserProfile.ts\`
+12. Add role-based access control in \`src/auth/RBACService.ts\`
+13. Implement password policy enforcement in \`src/auth/PasswordPolicy.ts\`
+14. Add brute force protection in \`src/auth/BruteForceGuard.ts\`
+15. Create secure cookie handling in \`src/auth/CookieManager.ts\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+- \`src/routes/api.ts\` - Add auth endpoints
+- \`src/middleware/cors.ts\` - Update CORS for auth headers
+- \`src/utils/crypto.ts\` - Add encryption utilities
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+- Unit tests for each auth provider
+- Integration tests for full auth flows
+- Security penetration testing
+- Load testing for session management
+
+● 1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+  3.  Type your feedback...
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
+`;
+
+exports[`ExitPlanModeDialog > useAlternateBuffer: true > renders correctly with plan content 1`] = `
+"## Overview
+
+Add user authentication to the CLI application.
+
+## Implementation Steps
+
+1. Create \`src/auth/AuthService.ts\` with login/logout methods
+2. Add session storage in \`src/storage/SessionStore.ts\`
+3. Update \`src/commands/index.ts\` to check auth status
+4. Add tests in \`src/auth/__tests__/\`
+
+## Files to Modify
+
+- \`src/index.ts\` - Add auth middleware
+- \`src/config.ts\` - Add auth configuration options
+
+● 1.  Yes, automatically accept edits
+      Approves plan and allows tools to run automatically
+  2.  Yes, manually accept edits
+      Approves plan but requires confirmation for each tool
+  3.  Type your feedback...
+
+Enter to select · ↑/↓ to navigate · Esc to cancel"
+`;

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/RewindViewer.test.tsx.snap

@@ -34,6 +34,23 @@ exports[`RewindViewer > Content Filtering > 'strips expanded MCP resource conten
 ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
 `;
 
+exports[`RewindViewer > Content Filtering > 'uses displayContent if present and do…' 1`] = `
+"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+│                                                                                                                      │
+│ > Rewind                                                                                                             │
+│                                                                                                                      │
+│   clean display content                                                                                              │
+│   No files have been changed                                                                                         │
+│                                                                                                                      │
+│ ● Stay at current position                                                                                           │
+│   Cancel rewind and stay here                                                                                        │
+│                                                                                                                      │
+│                                                                                                                      │
+│ (Use Enter to select a message, Esc to close, Right/Left to expand/collapse)                                         │
+│                                                                                                                      │
+╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+`;
+
 exports[`RewindViewer > Interaction Selection > 'cancels on Escape' > confirmation-dialog 1`] = `
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │                                                                                                                      │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/SettingsDialog.test.tsx.snap

@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Initial Rendering > should render settings list with v
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      false  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'accessibility settings
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      false  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'all boolean settings d
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                     false*  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -169,8 +169,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'default state' correct
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      false  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -215,8 +215,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'file filtering setting
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      false  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'focused on scope selec
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      false  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -307,8 +307,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'mixed boolean and numb
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                     false*  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -353,8 +353,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'tools and security set
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      false  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │
@@ -399,8 +399,8 @@ exports[`SettingsDialog > Snapshot Tests > should render 'various boolean settin
 │    Output Format                                                                           Text  │
 │    The format of the CLI output. Can be \`text\` or \`json\`.                                        │
 │                                                                                                  │
-│    Hide Window Title                                                                      true*  │
-│    Hide the window title bar                                                                     │
+│    Auto Theme Switching                                                                    true  │
+│    Automatically switch between default light and dark themes based on terminal backgro…         │
 │                                                                                                  │
 │  ▼                                                                                               │
 │                                                                                                  │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/StatusDisplay.test.tsx.snap

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
-exports[`StatusDisplay > does NOT render HookStatusDisplay if notifications are disabled in settings 1`] = `"Mock Context Summary Display (Skills: 2)"`;
+exports[`StatusDisplay > does NOT render HookStatusDisplay if notifications are disabled in settings 1`] = `"Mock Context Summary Display (Skills: 2, Shells: 0)"`;
 
 exports[`StatusDisplay > prioritizes Ctrl+C prompt over everything else (except system md) 1`] = `"Press Ctrl+C again to exit."`;
 
 exports[`StatusDisplay > prioritizes warning over Ctrl+D 1`] = `"Warning"`;
 
-exports[`StatusDisplay > renders ContextSummaryDisplay by default 1`] = `"Mock Context Summary Display (Skills: 2)"`;
+exports[`StatusDisplay > renders ContextSummaryDisplay by default 1`] = `"Mock Context Summary Display (Skills: 2, Shells: 0)"`;
 
 exports[`StatusDisplay > renders Ctrl+D prompt 1`] = `"Press Ctrl+D again to exit."`;
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/ToolConfirmationQueue.test.tsx.snap

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 exports[`ToolConfirmationQueue > calculates availableContentHeight based on availableTerminalHeight from UI state 1`] = `
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Action Required                                                       1 of 1 │
+│ Action Required                                                              │
 │                                                                              │
 │ ?  replace edit file                                                         │
 │                                                                              │
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ exports[`ToolConfirmationQueue > calculates availableContentHeight based on avai
 
 exports[`ToolConfirmationQueue > does not render expansion hint when constrainHeight is false 1`] = `
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Action Required                                                       1 of 1 │
+│ Action Required                                                              │
 │                                                                              │
 │ ?  replace edit file                                                         │
 │                                                                              │
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ exports[`ToolConfirmationQueue > does not render expansion hint when constrainHe
 
 exports[`ToolConfirmationQueue > renders expansion hint when content is long and constrained 1`] = `
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ Action Required                                                       1 of 1 │
+│ Action Required                                                              │
 │                                                                              │
 │ ?  replace edit file                                                         │
 │                                                                              │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolConfirmationMessage.tsx

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
   type SerializableConfirmationDetails,
   type ToolCallConfirmationDetails,
   type Config,
+  type ToolConfirmationPayload,
   ToolConfirmationOutcome,
   hasRedirection,
   debugLogger,
@@ -25,12 +26,15 @@ import { sanitizeForDisplay } from '../../utils/textUtils.js';
 import { useKeypress } from '../../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { theme } from '../../semantic-colors.js';
 import { useSettings } from '../../contexts/SettingsContext.js';
+import { keyMatchers, Command } from '../../keyMatchers.js';
 import {
   REDIRECTION_WARNING_NOTE_LABEL,
   REDIRECTION_WARNING_NOTE_TEXT,
   REDIRECTION_WARNING_TIP_LABEL,
   REDIRECTION_WARNING_TIP_TEXT,
 } from '../../textConstants.js';
+import { AskUserDialog } from '../AskUserDialog.js';
+import { ExitPlanModeDialog } from '../ExitPlanModeDialog.js';
 
 export interface ToolConfirmationMessageProps {
   callId: string;
@@ -59,9 +63,14 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
   const allowPermanentApproval =
     settings.merged.security.enablePermanentToolApproval;
 
+  const handlesOwnUI =
+    confirmationDetails.type === 'ask_user' ||
+    confirmationDetails.type === 'exit_plan_mode';
+  const isTrustedFolder = config.isTrustedFolder();
+
   const handleConfirm = useCallback(
-    (outcome: ToolConfirmationOutcome) => {
-      void confirm(callId, outcome).catch((error: unknown) => {
+    (outcome: ToolConfirmationOutcome, payload?: ToolConfirmationPayload) => {
+      void confirm(callId, outcome, payload).catch((error: unknown) => {
         debugLogger.error(
           `Failed to handle tool confirmation for ${callId}:`,
           error,
@@ -71,15 +80,18 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
     [confirm, callId],
   );
 
-  const isTrustedFolder = config.isTrustedFolder();
-
   useKeypress(
     (key) => {
       if (!isFocused) return false;
-      if (key.name === 'escape' || (key.ctrl && key.name === 'c')) {
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.ESCAPE](key)) {
         handleConfirm(ToolConfirmationOutcome.Cancel);
         return true;
       }
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.QUIT](key)) {
+        // Return false to let ctrl-C bubble up to AppContainer for exit flow.
+        // AppContainer will call cancelOngoingRequest which will cancel the tool.
+        return false;
+      }
       return false;
     },
     { isActive: isFocused },
@@ -180,7 +192,7 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
         value: ToolConfirmationOutcome.Cancel,
         key: 'No, suggest changes (esc)',
       });
-    } else {
+    } else if (confirmationDetails.type === 'mcp') {
       // mcp tool confirmation
       options.push({
         label: 'Allow once',
@@ -251,6 +263,49 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
     let question = '';
     const options = getOptions();
 
+    if (confirmationDetails.type === 'ask_user') {
+      bodyContent = (
+        <AskUserDialog
+          questions={confirmationDetails.questions}
+          onSubmit={(answers) => {
+            handleConfirm(ToolConfirmationOutcome.ProceedOnce, { answers });
+          }}
+          onCancel={() => {
+            handleConfirm(ToolConfirmationOutcome.Cancel);
+          }}
+          width={terminalWidth}
+          availableHeight={availableBodyContentHeight()}
+        />
+      );
+      return { question: '', bodyContent, options: [] };
+    }
+
+    if (confirmationDetails.type === 'exit_plan_mode') {
+      bodyContent = (
+        <ExitPlanModeDialog
+          planPath={confirmationDetails.planPath}
+          onApprove={(approvalMode) => {
+            handleConfirm(ToolConfirmationOutcome.ProceedOnce, {
+              approved: true,
+              approvalMode,
+            });
+          }}
+          onFeedback={(feedback) => {
+            handleConfirm(ToolConfirmationOutcome.ProceedOnce, {
+              approved: false,
+              feedback,
+            });
+          }}
+          onCancel={() => {
+            handleConfirm(ToolConfirmationOutcome.Cancel);
+          }}
+          width={terminalWidth}
+          availableHeight={availableBodyContentHeight()}
+        />
+      );
+      return { question: '', bodyContent, options: [] };
+    }
+
     if (confirmationDetails.type === 'edit') {
       if (!confirmationDetails.isModifying) {
         question = `Apply this change?`;
@@ -265,7 +320,7 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
       }
     } else if (confirmationDetails.type === 'info') {
       question = `Do you want to proceed?`;
-    } else {
+    } else if (confirmationDetails.type === 'mcp') {
       // mcp tool confirmation
       const mcpProps = confirmationDetails;
       question = `Allow execution of MCP tool "${mcpProps.toolName}" from server "${mcpProps.serverName}"?`;
@@ -387,7 +442,7 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
           )}
         </Box>
       );
-    } else {
+    } else if (confirmationDetails.type === 'mcp') {
       // mcp tool confirmation
       const mcpProps = confirmationDetails;
 
@@ -405,6 +460,7 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
     getOptions,
     availableBodyContentHeight,
     terminalWidth,
+    handleConfirm,
   ]);
 
   if (confirmationDetails.type === 'edit') {
@@ -429,32 +485,38 @@ export const ToolConfirmationMessage: React.FC<
   }
 
   return (
-    <Box flexDirection="column" paddingTop={0} paddingBottom={1}>
-      {/* Body Content (Diff Renderer or Command Info) */}
-      {/* No separate context display here anymore for edits */}
-      <Box flexGrow={1} flexShrink={1} overflow="hidden">
-        <MaxSizedBox
-          maxHeight={availableBodyContentHeight()}
-          maxWidth={terminalWidth}
-          overflowDirection="top"
-        >
-          {bodyContent}
-        </MaxSizedBox>
-      </Box>
+    <Box
+      flexDirection="column"
+      paddingTop={0}
+      paddingBottom={handlesOwnUI ? 0 : 1}
+    >
+      {handlesOwnUI ? (
+        bodyContent
+      ) : (
+        <>
+          <Box flexGrow={1} flexShrink={1} overflow="hidden">
+            <MaxSizedBox
+              maxHeight={availableBodyContentHeight()}
+              maxWidth={terminalWidth}
+              overflowDirection="top"
+            >
+              {bodyContent}
+            </MaxSizedBox>
+          </Box>
 
-      {/* Confirmation Question */}
-      <Box marginBottom={1} flexShrink={0}>
-        <Text color={theme.text.primary}>{question}</Text>
-      </Box>
+          <Box marginBottom={1} flexShrink={0}>
+            <Text color={theme.text.primary}>{question}</Text>
+          </Box>
 
-      {/* Select Input for Options */}
-      <Box flexShrink={0}>
-        <RadioButtonSelect
-          items={options}
-          onSelect={handleSelect}
-          isFocused={isFocused}
-        />
-      </Box>
+          <Box flexShrink={0}>
+            <RadioButtonSelect
+              items={options}
+              onSelect={handleSelect}
+              isFocused={isFocused}
+            />
+          </Box>
+        </>
+      )}
     </Box>
   );
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/BaseSelectionList.test.tsx

@@ -475,14 +475,7 @@ describe('BaseSelectionList', () => {
       );
 
       await waitFor(() => {
-        const output = lastFrame();
-        // At the top, should show first 3 items
-        expect(output).toContain('Item 1');
-        expect(output).toContain('Item 3');
-        expect(output).not.toContain('Item 4');
-        // Both arrows should be visible
-        expect(output).toContain('▲');
-        expect(output).toContain('▼');
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
       });
     });
 
@@ -493,15 +486,7 @@ describe('BaseSelectionList', () => {
       );
 
       await waitFor(() => {
-        const output = lastFrame();
-        // After scrolling to middle, should see items around index 5
-        expect(output).toContain('Item 4');
-        expect(output).toContain('Item 6');
-        expect(output).not.toContain('Item 3');
-        expect(output).not.toContain('Item 7');
-        // Both scroll arrows should be visible
-        expect(output).toContain('▲');
-        expect(output).toContain('▼');
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
       });
     });
 
@@ -512,32 +497,18 @@ describe('BaseSelectionList', () => {
       );
 
       await waitFor(() => {
-        const output = lastFrame();
-        // At the end, should show last 3 items
-        expect(output).toContain('Item 8');
-        expect(output).toContain('Item 10');
-        expect(output).not.toContain('Item 7');
-        // Both arrows should be visible
-        expect(output).toContain('▲');
-        expect(output).toContain('▼');
+        expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
       });
     });
 
-    it('should show both arrows dimmed when list fits entirely', () => {
+    it('should not show arrows when list fits entirely', () => {
       const { lastFrame } = renderComponent({
         items,
         maxItemsToShow: 5,
         showScrollArrows: true,
       });
 
-      const output = lastFrame();
-      // Should show all items since maxItemsToShow > items.length
-      expect(output).toContain('Item A');
-      expect(output).toContain('Item B');
-      expect(output).toContain('Item C');
-      // Both arrows should be visible but dimmed (this test doesn't need waitFor since no scrolling occurs)
-      expect(output).toContain('▲');
-      expect(output).toContain('▼');
+      expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/BaseSelectionList.tsx

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export function BaseSelectionList<
   return (
     <Box flexDirection="column">
       {/* Use conditional coloring instead of conditional rendering */}
-      {showScrollArrows && (
+      {showScrollArrows && items.length > maxItemsToShow && (
         <Text
           color={scrollOffset > 0 ? theme.text.primary : theme.text.secondary}
         >
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export function BaseSelectionList<
         );
       })}
 
-      {showScrollArrows && (
+      {showScrollArrows && items.length > maxItemsToShow && (
         <Text
           color={
             scrollOffset + maxItemsToShow < items.length

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/ExpandableText.test.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
+import chalk from 'chalk';
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
 import { render } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { ExpandableText, MAX_WIDTH } from './ExpandableText.js';
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ describe('ExpandableText', () => {
       100,
     );
     expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+    expect(lastFrame()).toContain(chalk.inverse(userInput));
     unmount();
   });
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/ExpandableText.tsx

@@ -119,11 +119,7 @@ const _ExpandableText: React.FC<ExpandableTextProps> = ({
       {before}
       {match
         ? match.split(/(\s+)/).map((part, index) => (
-            <Text
-              key={`match-${index}`}
-              color={theme.background.primary}
-              backgroundColor={theme.text.primary}
-            >
+            <Text key={`match-${index}`} inverse color={textColor}>
               {part}
             </Text>
           ))

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/MaxSizedBox.test.tsx

@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import { render } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
+import { render, renderWithProviders } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { waitFor } from '../../../test-utils/async.js';
 import { OverflowProvider } from '../../contexts/OverflowContext.js';
 import { MaxSizedBox } from './MaxSizedBox.js';
+import { MarkdownDisplay } from '../../utils/MarkdownDisplay.js';
 import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -226,4 +227,31 @@ describe('<MaxSizedBox />', () => {
     expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
     unmount();
   });
+
+  it('does not leak content after hidden indicator with bottom overflow', async () => {
+    const markdownContent = Array.from(
+      { length: 20 },
+      (_, i) => `- Step ${i + 1}: Do something important`,
+    ).join('\n');
+    const { lastFrame } = renderWithProviders(
+      <MaxSizedBox maxWidth={80} maxHeight={5} overflowDirection="bottom">
+        <MarkdownDisplay
+          text={`## Plan\n\n${markdownContent}`}
+          isPending={false}
+          terminalWidth={76}
+        />
+      </MaxSizedBox>,
+      { width: 80 },
+    );
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(lastFrame()).toContain('... last'));
+
+    const frame = lastFrame()!;
+    const lines = frame.split('\n');
+    const lastLine = lines[lines.length - 1];
+
+    // The last line should only contain the hidden indicator, no leaked content
+    expect(lastLine).toMatch(/^\.\.\. last \d+ lines? hidden \.\.\.$/);
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/MaxSizedBox.tsx

@@ -120,7 +120,12 @@ export const MaxSizedBox: React.FC<MaxSizedBoxProps> = ({
           hidden ...
         </Text>
       )}
-      <Box flexDirection="column" overflow="hidden" flexGrow={1}>
+      <Box
+        flexDirection="column"
+        overflow="hidden"
+        flexGrow={0}
+        maxHeight={isOverflowing ? visibleContentHeight : undefined}
+      >
         <Box
           flexDirection="column"
           ref={onRefChange}

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/__snapshots__/BaseSelectionList.test.tsx.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
+
+exports[`BaseSelectionList > Scroll Arrows (showScrollArrows) > should not show arrows when list fits entirely 1`] = `
+"● 1. Item A
+  2. Item B
+  3. Item C"
+`;
+
+exports[`BaseSelectionList > Scroll Arrows (showScrollArrows) > should show arrows and correct items when scrolled to the end 1`] = `
+"▲
+   8. Item 8
+   9. Item 9
+● 10. Item 10
+▼"
+`;
+
+exports[`BaseSelectionList > Scroll Arrows (showScrollArrows) > should show arrows and correct items when scrolled to the middle 1`] = `
+"▲
+   4. Item 4
+   5. Item 5
+●  6. Item 6
+▼"
+`;
+
+exports[`BaseSelectionList > Scroll Arrows (showScrollArrows) > should show arrows with correct colors when enabled (at the top) 1`] = `
+"▲
+●  1. Item 1
+   2. Item 2
+   3. Item 3
+▼"
+`;

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/__snapshots__/DescriptiveRadioButtonSelect.test.tsx.snap

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
 exports[`DescriptiveRadioButtonSelect > should render correctly with custom props 1`] = `
-"▲
-  1. Foo Title
+"  1. Foo Title
      This is Foo.
 ● 2. Bar Title
      This is Bar.
   3. Baz Title
-     This is Baz.
-▼"
+     This is Baz."
 `;
 
 exports[`DescriptiveRadioButtonSelect > should render correctly with default props 1`] = `

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/__snapshots__/MaxSizedBox.test.tsx.snap

@@ -31,6 +31,14 @@ Line 29
 Line 30"
 `;
 
+exports[`<MaxSizedBox /> > does not leak content after hidden indicator with bottom overflow 1`] = `
+"Plan
+
+ - Step 1: Do something important
+ - Step 2: Do something important
+... last 18 lines hidden ..."
+`;
+
 exports[`<MaxSizedBox /> > does not truncate when maxHeight is undefined 1`] = `
 "Line 1
 Line 2"

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/text-buffer.test.ts

@@ -1384,6 +1384,61 @@ describe('useTextBuffer', () => {
       expect(state.visualCursor).toEqual([0, 1]);
     });
 
+    it('move: up/down should work on wrapped lines (regression test)', () => {
+      // Line that wraps into two visual lines
+      // Viewport width 10. "0123456789ABCDE" (15 chars)
+      // Visual Line 0: "0123456789"
+      // Visual Line 1: "ABCDE"
+      const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+        useTextBuffer({
+          viewport: { width: 10, height: 5 },
+          isValidPath: () => false,
+        }),
+      );
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.setText('0123456789ABCDE');
+      });
+
+      // Cursor should be at the end: logical [0, 15], visual [1, 5]
+      expect(getBufferState(result).cursor).toEqual([0, 15]);
+      expect(getBufferState(result).visualCursor).toEqual([1, 5]);
+
+      // Press Up arrow - should move to first visual line
+      // This currently fails because handleInput returns false if cursorRow === 0
+      let handledUp = false;
+      act(() => {
+        handledUp = result.current.handleInput({
+          name: 'up',
+          shift: false,
+          alt: false,
+          ctrl: false,
+          cmd: false,
+          insertable: false,
+          sequence: '\x1b[A',
+        });
+      });
+      expect(handledUp).toBe(true);
+      expect(getBufferState(result).visualCursor[0]).toBe(0);
+
+      // Press Down arrow - should move back to second visual line
+      // This would also fail if cursorRow is the last logical row
+      let handledDown = false;
+      act(() => {
+        handledDown = result.current.handleInput({
+          name: 'down',
+          shift: false,
+          alt: false,
+          ctrl: false,
+          cmd: false,
+          insertable: false,
+          sequence: '\x1b[B',
+        });
+      });
+      expect(handledDown).toBe(true);
+      expect(getBufferState(result).visualCursor[0]).toBe(1);
+    });
+
     it('moveToVisualPosition: should correctly handle wide characters (Chinese)', () => {
       const { result } = renderHook(() =>
         useTextBuffer({
@@ -1515,6 +1570,50 @@ describe('useTextBuffer', () => {
       expect(getBufferState(result).text).toBe('');
     });
 
+    it('should handle CLEAR_INPUT (Ctrl+C)', () => {
+      const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+        useTextBuffer({
+          initialText: 'hello',
+          viewport,
+          isValidPath: () => false,
+        }),
+      );
+      expect(getBufferState(result).text).toBe('hello');
+      let handled = false;
+      act(() => {
+        handled = result.current.handleInput({
+          name: 'c',
+          shift: false,
+          alt: false,
+          ctrl: true,
+          cmd: false,
+          insertable: false,
+          sequence: '\u0003',
+        });
+      });
+      expect(handled).toBe(true);
+      expect(getBufferState(result).text).toBe('');
+    });
+
+    it('should NOT handle CLEAR_INPUT if buffer is empty', () => {
+      const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+        useTextBuffer({ viewport, isValidPath: () => false }),
+      );
+      let handled = true;
+      act(() => {
+        handled = result.current.handleInput({
+          name: 'c',
+          shift: false,
+          alt: false,
+          ctrl: true,
+          cmd: false,
+          insertable: false,
+          sequence: '\u0003',
+        });
+      });
+      expect(handled).toBe(false);
+    });
+
     it('should handle "Backspace" key', () => {
       const { result } = renderHook(() =>
         useTextBuffer({

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/text-buffer.ts

@@ -2905,12 +2905,12 @@ export function useTextBuffer({
         return true;
       }
       if (keyMatchers[Command.MOVE_UP](key)) {
-        if (cursorRow === 0) return false;
+        if (visualCursor[0] === 0) return false;
         move('up');
         return true;
       }
       if (keyMatchers[Command.MOVE_DOWN](key)) {
-        if (cursorRow === lines.length - 1) return false;
+        if (visualCursor[0] === visualLines.length - 1) return false;
         move('down');
         return true;
       }
@@ -2930,6 +2930,13 @@ export function useTextBuffer({
         move('end');
         return true;
       }
+      if (keyMatchers[Command.CLEAR_INPUT](key)) {
+        if (text.length > 0) {
+          setText('');
+          return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
       if (keyMatchers[Command.DELETE_WORD_BACKWARD](key)) {
         deleteWordLeft();
         return true;
@@ -2943,6 +2950,13 @@ export function useTextBuffer({
         return true;
       }
       if (keyMatchers[Command.DELETE_CHAR_RIGHT](key)) {
+        const lastLineIdx = lines.length - 1;
+        if (
+          cursorRow === lastLineIdx &&
+          cursorCol === cpLen(lines[lastLineIdx] ?? '')
+        ) {
+          return false;
+        }
         del();
         return true;
       }
@@ -2974,6 +2988,10 @@ export function useTextBuffer({
       cursorCol,
       lines,
       singleLine,
+      setText,
+      text,
+      visualCursor,
+      visualLines,
     ],
   );
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/shared/vim-buffer-actions.ts

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import {
   findWordEndInLine,
 } from './text-buffer.js';
 import { cpLen, toCodePoints } from '../../utils/textUtils.js';
-import { assumeExhaustive } from '../../../utils/checks.js';
+import { assumeExhaustive } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
 // Check if we're at the end of a base word (on the last base character)
 // Returns true if current position has a base character followed only by combining marks until non-word