fix(core): strip thinkingConfig for models without thinking feature

- Refactor GeminiChat history merging to handle consecutive turns of any role.
- Implement part-level filtering to remove empty text segments while preserving tool calls.
- Switch integration tests to 'gemini-3.1-flash-lite-preview' for improved stability.
- Ensure crash report context follows alternating role rules.

.gemini/settings.json

@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@
     "plan": true,
     "extensionReloading": true,
     "modelSteering": true,
-    "memoryManager": true
+    "memoryManager": true,
+    "topicUpdateNarration": true
   },
   "general": {
     "devtools": true
+  },
+  "security": {
+    "toolSandboxing": true
   }
 }

.gemini/skills/async-pr-review/scripts/async-review.sh

@@ -1,190 +1,194 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
 notify() {
-  local title="$1"
-  local message="$2"
-  local pr="$3"
+  local title="${1}"
+  local message="${2}"
+  local pr="${3}"
   # Terminal escape sequence
-  printf "\e]9;%s | PR #%s | %s\a" "$title" "$pr" "$message"
+  printf "\e]9;%s | PR #%s | %s\a" "${title}" "${pr}" "${message}"
   # Native macOS notification
-  if [[ "$(uname)" == "Darwin" ]]; then
-    osascript -e "display notification \"$message\" with title \"$title\" subtitle \"PR #$pr\""
+  os_type="$(uname || true)"
+  if [[ "${os_type}" == "Darwin" ]]; then
+    osascript -e "display notification \"${message}\" with title \"${title}\" subtitle \"PR #${pr}\""
   fi
 }
 
-pr_number=$1
-if [[ -z "$pr_number" ]]; then
+pr_number="${1}"
+if [[ -z "${pr_number}" ]]; then
   echo "Usage: async-review <pr_number>"
   exit 1
 fi
 
-base_dir=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null)
-if [[ -z "$base_dir" ]]; then
+base_dir="$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null || true)"
+if [[ -z "${base_dir}" ]]; then
   echo "❌ Must be run from within a git repository."
   exit 1
 fi
 
 # Use the repository's local .gemini/tmp directory for ephemeral worktrees and logs
-pr_dir="$base_dir/.gemini/tmp/async-reviews/pr-$pr_number"
-target_dir="$pr_dir/worktree"
-log_dir="$pr_dir/logs"
+pr_dir="${base_dir}/.gemini/tmp/async-reviews/pr-${pr_number}"
+target_dir="${pr_dir}/worktree"
+log_dir="${pr_dir}/logs"
 
-cd "$base_dir" || exit 1
+cd "${base_dir}" || exit 1
 
-mkdir -p "$log_dir"
-rm -f "$log_dir/setup.exit" "$log_dir/final-assessment.exit" "$log_dir/final-assessment.md"
+mkdir -p "${log_dir}"
+rm -f "${log_dir}/setup.exit" "${log_dir}/final-assessment.exit" "${log_dir}/final-assessment.md"
 
-echo "🧹 Cleaning up previous worktree if it exists..." | tee -a "$log_dir/setup.log"
-git worktree remove -f "$target_dir" >> "$log_dir/setup.log" 2>&1 || true
-git branch -D "gemini-async-pr-$pr_number" >> "$log_dir/setup.log" 2>&1 || true
-git worktree prune >> "$log_dir/setup.log" 2>&1 || true
+echo "🧹 Cleaning up previous worktree if it exists..." | tee -a "${log_dir}/setup.log"
+git worktree remove -f "${target_dir}" >> "${log_dir}/setup.log" 2>&1 || true
+git branch -D "gemini-async-pr-${pr_number}" >> "${log_dir}/setup.log" 2>&1 || true
+git worktree prune >> "${log_dir}/setup.log" 2>&1 || true
 
-echo "📡 Fetching PR #$pr_number..." | tee -a "$log_dir/setup.log"
-if ! git fetch origin -f "pull/$pr_number/head:gemini-async-pr-$pr_number" >> "$log_dir/setup.log" 2>&1; then
-  echo 1 > "$log_dir/setup.exit"
-  echo "❌ Fetch failed. Check $log_dir/setup.log"
-  notify "Async Review Failed" "Fetch failed." "$pr_number"
+echo "📡 Fetching PR #${pr_number}..." | tee -a "${log_dir}/setup.log"
+if ! git fetch origin -f "pull/${pr_number}/head:gemini-async-pr-${pr_number}" >> "${log_dir}/setup.log" 2>&1; then
+  echo 1 > "${log_dir}/setup.exit"
+  echo "❌ Fetch failed. Check ${log_dir}/setup.log"
+  notify "Async Review Failed" "Fetch failed." "${pr_number}"
   exit 1
 fi
 
-if [[ ! -d "$target_dir" ]]; then
-  echo "🧹 Pruning missing worktrees..." | tee -a "$log_dir/setup.log"
-  git worktree prune >> "$log_dir/setup.log" 2>&1
-  echo "🌿 Creating worktree in $target_dir..." | tee -a "$log_dir/setup.log"
-  if ! git worktree add "$target_dir" "gemini-async-pr-$pr_number" >> "$log_dir/setup.log" 2>&1; then
-    echo 1 > "$log_dir/setup.exit"
-    echo "❌ Worktree creation failed. Check $log_dir/setup.log"
-    notify "Async Review Failed" "Worktree creation failed." "$pr_number"
+if [[ ! -d "${target_dir}" ]]; then
+  echo "🧹 Pruning missing worktrees..." | tee -a "${log_dir}/setup.log"
+  git worktree prune >> "${log_dir}/setup.log" 2>&1
+  echo "🌿 Creating worktree in ${target_dir}..." | tee -a "${log_dir}/setup.log"
+  if ! git worktree add "${target_dir}" "gemini-async-pr-${pr_number}" >> "${log_dir}/setup.log" 2>&1; then
+    echo 1 > "${log_dir}/setup.exit"
+    echo "❌ Worktree creation failed. Check ${log_dir}/setup.log"
+    notify "Async Review Failed" "Worktree creation failed." "${pr_number}"
     exit 1
   fi
 else
-  echo "🌿 Worktree already exists." | tee -a "$log_dir/setup.log"
+  echo "🌿 Worktree already exists." | tee -a "${log_dir}/setup.log"
 fi
-echo 0 > "$log_dir/setup.exit"
+echo 0 > "${log_dir}/setup.exit"
 
-cd "$target_dir" || exit 1
+cd "${target_dir}" || exit 1
 
-echo "🚀 Launching background tasks. Logs saving to: $log_dir"
+echo "🚀 Launching background tasks. Logs saving to: ${log_dir}"
 
 echo "  ↳ [1/5] Grabbing PR diff..."
-rm -f "$log_dir/pr-diff.exit"
-{ gh pr diff "$pr_number" > "$log_dir/pr-diff.diff" 2>&1; echo $? > "$log_dir/pr-diff.exit"; } &
+rm -f "${log_dir}/pr-diff.exit"
+{ gh pr diff "${pr_number}" > "${log_dir}/pr-diff.diff" 2>&1; echo $? > "${log_dir}/pr-diff.exit"; } &
 
 echo "  ↳ [2/5] Starting build and lint..."
-rm -f "$log_dir/build-and-lint.exit"
-{ { npm run clean && npm ci && npm run format && npm run build && npm run lint:ci && npm run typecheck; } > "$log_dir/build-and-lint.log" 2>&1; echo $? > "$log_dir/build-and-lint.exit"; } &
+rm -f "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit"
+{ { npm run clean && npm ci && npm run format && npm run build && npm run lint:ci && npm run typecheck; } > "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.log" 2>&1; echo $? > "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit"; } &
 
 # Dynamically resolve gemini binary (fallback to your nightly path)
-GEMINI_CMD=$(which gemini || echo "$HOME/.gcli/nightly/node_modules/.bin/gemini")
+GEMINI_CMD="$(command -v gemini || echo "${HOME}/.gcli/nightly/node_modules/.bin/gemini")"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2312
 POLICY_PATH="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)/policy.toml"
 
 echo "  ↳ [3/5] Starting Gemini code review..."
-rm -f "$log_dir/review.exit"
-{ "$GEMINI_CMD" --policy "$POLICY_PATH" -p "/review-frontend $pr_number" > "$log_dir/review.md" 2>&1; echo $? > "$log_dir/review.exit"; } &
+rm -f "${log_dir}/review.exit"
+{ "${GEMINI_CMD}" --policy "${POLICY_PATH}" -p "/review-frontend ${pr_number}" > "${log_dir}/review.md" 2>&1; echo $? > "${log_dir}/review.exit"; } &
 
 echo "  ↳ [4/5] Starting automated tests (waiting for build and lint)..."
-rm -f "$log_dir/npm-test.exit"
+rm -f "${log_dir}/npm-test.exit"
 { 
-  while [ ! -f "$log_dir/build-and-lint.exit" ]; do sleep 1; done
-  if [ "$(cat "$log_dir/build-and-lint.exit")" == "0" ]; then
-    gh pr checks "$pr_number" > "$log_dir/ci-checks.log" 2>&1
+  while [[ ! -f "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit" ]]; do sleep 1; done
+  read -r build_exit < "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit" || build_exit=""
+  if [[ "${build_exit}" == "0" ]]; then
+    gh pr checks "${pr_number}" > "${log_dir}/ci-checks.log" 2>&1
     ci_status=$?
     
-    if [ "$ci_status" -eq 0 ]; then
-      echo "CI checks passed. Skipping local npm tests." > "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-      echo 0 > "$log_dir/npm-test.exit"
-    elif [ "$ci_status" -eq 8 ]; then
-      echo "CI checks are still pending. Skipping local npm tests to avoid duplicate work. Please check GitHub for final results." > "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-      echo 0 > "$log_dir/npm-test.exit"
+    if [[ "${ci_status}" -eq 0 ]]; then
+      echo "CI checks passed. Skipping local npm tests." > "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+      echo 0 > "${log_dir}/npm-test.exit"
+    elif [[ "${ci_status}" -eq 8 ]]; then
+      echo "CI checks are still pending. Skipping local npm tests to avoid duplicate work. Please check GitHub for final results." > "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+      echo 0 > "${log_dir}/npm-test.exit"
     else
-      echo "CI checks failed. Failing checks:" > "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-      gh pr checks "$pr_number" --json name,bucket -q '.[] | select(.bucket=="fail") | .name' >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log" 2>&1
+      echo "CI checks failed. Failing checks:" > "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+      gh pr checks "${pr_number}" --json name,bucket -q '.[] | select(.bucket=="fail") | .name' >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log" 2>&1
       
-      echo "Attempting to extract failing test files from CI logs..." >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-      pr_branch=$(gh pr view "$pr_number" --json headRefName -q '.headRefName' 2>/dev/null)
-      run_id=$(gh run list --branch "$pr_branch" --workflow ci.yml --json databaseId -q '.[0].databaseId' 2>/dev/null)
+      echo "Attempting to extract failing test files from CI logs..." >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+      pr_branch="$(gh pr view "${pr_number}" --json headRefName -q '.headRefName' 2>/dev/null || true)"
+      run_id="$(gh run list --branch "${pr_branch}" --workflow ci.yml --json databaseId -q '.[0].databaseId' 2>/dev/null || true)"
       
       failed_files=""
-      if [[ -n "$run_id" ]]; then
-        failed_files=$(gh run view "$run_id" --log-failed 2>/dev/null | grep -o -E '(packages/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+|integration-tests|evals)/[a-zA-Z0-9_/-]+\.test\.ts(x)?' | sort | uniq)
+      if [[ -n "${run_id}" ]]; then
+        failed_files="$(gh run view "${run_id}" --log-failed 2>/dev/null | grep -o -E '(packages/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+|integration-tests|evals)/[a-zA-Z0-9_/-]+\.test\.ts(x)?' | sort | uniq || true)"
       fi
       
-      if [[ -n "$failed_files" ]]; then
-        echo "Found failing test files from CI:" >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-        for f in $failed_files; do echo "  - $f" >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log"; done
-        echo "Running ONLY failing tests locally..." >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
+      if [[ -n "${failed_files}" ]]; then
+        echo "Found failing test files from CI:" >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+        for f in ${failed_files}; do echo "  - ${f}" >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"; done
+        echo "Running ONLY failing tests locally..." >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
         
         exit_code=0
-        for file in $failed_files; do
-           if [[ "$file" == packages/* ]]; then
-             ws_dir=$(echo "$file" | cut -d'/' -f1,2)
+        for file in ${failed_files}; do
+           if [[ "${file}" == packages/* ]]; then
+             ws_dir="$(echo "${file}" | cut -d'/' -f1,2)"
            else
-             ws_dir=$(echo "$file" | cut -d'/' -f1)
+             ws_dir="$(echo "${file}" | cut -d'/' -f1)"
            fi
-           rel_file=${file#$ws_dir/}
+           rel_file="${file#"${ws_dir}"/}"
            
-           echo "--- Running $rel_file in workspace $ws_dir ---" >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-           if ! npm run test:ci -w "$ws_dir" -- "$rel_file" >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log" 2>&1; then
+           echo "--- Running ${rel_file} in workspace ${ws_dir} ---" >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+           if ! npm run test:ci -w "${ws_dir}" -- "${rel_file}" >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log" 2>&1; then
              exit_code=1
            fi
         done
-        echo $exit_code > "$log_dir/npm-test.exit"
+        echo "${exit_code}" > "${log_dir}/npm-test.exit"
       else
-        echo "Could not extract specific failing files. Skipping full local test suite as it takes too long. Please check CI logs manually." >> "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-        echo 1 > "$log_dir/npm-test.exit"
+        echo "Could not extract specific failing files. Skipping full local test suite as it takes too long. Please check CI logs manually." >> "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+        echo 1 > "${log_dir}/npm-test.exit"
       fi
     fi
   else
-    echo "Skipped due to build-and-lint failure" > "$log_dir/npm-test.log"
-    echo 1 > "$log_dir/npm-test.exit"
+    echo "Skipped due to build-and-lint failure" > "${log_dir}/npm-test.log"
+    echo 1 > "${log_dir}/npm-test.exit"
   fi
 } &
 
 echo "  ↳ [5/5] Starting Gemini test execution (waiting for build and lint)..."
-rm -f "$log_dir/test-execution.exit"
+rm -f "${log_dir}/test-execution.exit"
 { 
-  while [ ! -f "$log_dir/build-and-lint.exit" ]; do sleep 1; done
-  if [ "$(cat "$log_dir/build-and-lint.exit")" == "0" ]; then
-    "$GEMINI_CMD" --policy "$POLICY_PATH" -p "Analyze the diff for PR $pr_number using 'gh pr diff $pr_number'. Instead of running the project's automated test suite (like 'npm test'), physically exercise the newly changed code in the terminal (e.g., by writing a temporary script to call the new functions, or testing the CLI command directly). Verify the feature's behavior works as expected. IMPORTANT: Do NOT modify any source code to fix errors. Just exercise the code and log the results, reporting any failures clearly. Do not ask for user confirmation." > "$log_dir/test-execution.log" 2>&1; echo $? > "$log_dir/test-execution.exit"
+  while [[ ! -f "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit" ]]; do sleep 1; done
+  read -r build_exit < "${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit" || build_exit=""
+  if [[ "${build_exit}" == "0" ]]; then
+    "${GEMINI_CMD}" --policy "${POLICY_PATH}" -p "Analyze the diff for PR ${pr_number} using 'gh pr diff ${pr_number}'. Instead of running the project's automated test suite (like 'npm test'), physically exercise the newly changed code in the terminal (e.g., by writing a temporary script to call the new functions, or testing the CLI command directly). Verify the feature's behavior works as expected. IMPORTANT: Do NOT modify any source code to fix errors. Just exercise the code and log the results, reporting any failures clearly. Do not ask for user confirmation." > "${log_dir}/test-execution.log" 2>&1; echo $? > "${log_dir}/test-execution.exit"
   else
-    echo "Skipped due to build-and-lint failure" > "$log_dir/test-execution.log"
-    echo 1 > "$log_dir/test-execution.exit"
+    echo "Skipped due to build-and-lint failure" > "${log_dir}/test-execution.log"
+    echo 1 > "${log_dir}/test-execution.exit"
   fi
 } &
 
 echo "✅ All tasks dispatched!"
-echo "You can monitor progress with: tail -f $log_dir/*.log"
-echo "Read your review later at: $log_dir/review.md"
+echo "You can monitor progress with: tail -f ${log_dir}/*.log"
+echo "Read your review later at: ${log_dir}/review.md"
 
 # Polling loop to wait for all background tasks to finish
 tasks=("pr-diff" "build-and-lint" "review" "npm-test" "test-execution")
 log_files=("pr-diff.diff" "build-and-lint.log" "review.md" "npm-test.log" "test-execution.log")
 
 declare -A task_done
-for t in "${tasks[@]}"; do task_done[$t]=0; done
+for t in "${tasks[@]}"; do task_done[${t}]=0; done
 
 all_done=0
-while [[ $all_done -eq 0 ]]; do
+while [[ "${all_done}" -eq 0 ]]; do
   clear
   echo "=================================================="
-  echo "🚀 Async PR Review Status for PR #$pr_number"
+  echo "🚀 Async PR Review Status for PR #${pr_number}"
   echo "=================================================="
   echo ""
   
   all_done=1
   for i in "${!tasks[@]}"; do
-    t="${tasks[$i]}"
+    t="${tasks[${i}]}"
     
-    if [[ -f "$log_dir/$t.exit" ]]; then
-      exit_code=$(cat "$log_dir/$t.exit")
-      if [[ "$exit_code" == "0" ]]; then
-        echo "  ✅ $t: SUCCESS"
+    if [[ -f "${log_dir}/${t}.exit" ]]; then
+      read -r task_exit < "${log_dir}/${t}.exit" || task_exit=""
+      if [[ "${task_exit}" == "0" ]]; then
+        echo "  ✅ ${t}: SUCCESS"
       else
-        echo "  ❌ $t: FAILED (exit code $exit_code)"
+        echo "  ❌ ${t}: FAILED (exit code ${task_exit})"
       fi
-      task_done[$t]=1
+      task_done[${t}]=1
     else
-      echo "  ⏳ $t: RUNNING"
+      echo "  ⏳ ${t}: RUNNING"
       all_done=0
     fi
   done
@@ -195,47 +199,47 @@ while [[ $all_done -eq 0 ]]; do
   echo "=================================================="
   
   for i in "${!tasks[@]}"; do
-    t="${tasks[$i]}"
-    log_file="${log_files[$i]}"
+    t="${tasks[${i}]}"
+    log_file="${log_files[${i}]}"
     
-    if [[ ${task_done[$t]} -eq 0 ]]; then
-      if [[ -f "$log_dir/$log_file" ]]; then
+    if [[ "${task_done[${t}]}" -eq 0 ]]; then
+      if [[ -f "${log_dir}/${log_file}" ]]; then
         echo ""
-        echo "--- $t ---"
-        tail -n 5 "$log_dir/$log_file"
+        echo "--- ${t} ---"
+        tail -n 5 "${log_dir}/${log_file}"
       fi
     fi
   done
   
-  if [[ $all_done -eq 0 ]]; then
+  if [[ "${all_done}" -eq 0 ]]; then
     sleep 3
   fi
 done
 
 clear
 echo "=================================================="
-echo "🚀 Async PR Review Status for PR #$pr_number"
+echo "🚀 Async PR Review Status for PR #${pr_number}"
 echo "=================================================="
 echo ""
 for t in "${tasks[@]}"; do
-  exit_code=$(cat "$log_dir/$t.exit")
-  if [[ "$exit_code" == "0" ]]; then
-    echo "  ✅ $t: SUCCESS"
+  read -r task_exit < "${log_dir}/${t}.exit" || task_exit=""
+  if [[ "${task_exit}" == "0" ]]; then
+    echo "  ✅ ${t}: SUCCESS"
   else
-    echo "  ❌ $t: FAILED (exit code $exit_code)"
+    echo "  ❌ ${t}: FAILED (exit code ${task_exit})"
   fi
 done
 echo ""
 
 echo "⏳ Tasks complete! Synthesizing final assessment..."
-if ! "$GEMINI_CMD" --policy "$POLICY_PATH" -p "Read the review at $log_dir/review.md, the automated test logs at $log_dir/npm-test.log, and the manual test execution logs at $log_dir/test-execution.log. Summarize the results, state whether the build and tests passed based on $log_dir/build-and-lint.exit and $log_dir/npm-test.exit, and give a final recommendation for PR $pr_number." > "$log_dir/final-assessment.md" 2>&1; then
-  echo $? > "$log_dir/final-assessment.exit"
+if ! "${GEMINI_CMD}" --policy "${POLICY_PATH}" -p "Read the review at ${log_dir}/review.md, the automated test logs at ${log_dir}/npm-test.log, and the manual test execution logs at ${log_dir}/test-execution.log. Summarize the results, state whether the build and tests passed based on ${log_dir}/build-and-lint.exit and ${log_dir}/npm-test.exit, and give a final recommendation for PR ${pr_number}." > "${log_dir}/final-assessment.md" 2>&1; then
+  echo $? > "${log_dir}/final-assessment.exit"
   echo "❌ Final assessment synthesis failed!"
-  echo "Check $log_dir/final-assessment.md for details."
-  notify "Async Review Failed" "Final assessment synthesis failed." "$pr_number"
+  echo "Check ${log_dir}/final-assessment.md for details."
+  notify "Async Review Failed" "Final assessment synthesis failed." "${pr_number}"
   exit 1
 fi
 
-echo 0 > "$log_dir/final-assessment.exit"
-echo "✅ Final assessment complete! Check $log_dir/final-assessment.md"
-notify "Async Review Complete" "Review and test execution finished successfully." "$pr_number"
+echo 0 > "${log_dir}/final-assessment.exit"
+echo "✅ Final assessment complete! Check ${log_dir}/final-assessment.md"
+notify "Async Review Complete" "Review and test execution finished successfully." "${pr_number}"

.gemini/skills/async-pr-review/scripts/check-async-review.sh

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-pr_number=$1
+pr_number="${1}"
 
-if [[ -z "$pr_number" ]]; then
+if [[ -z "${pr_number}" ]]; then
   echo "Usage: check-async-review <pr_number>"
   exit 1
 fi
 
-base_dir=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null)
-if [[ -z "$base_dir" ]]; then
+base_dir="$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null || true)"
+if [[ -z "${base_dir}" ]]; then
   echo "❌ Must be run from within a git repository."
   exit 1
 fi
 
-log_dir="$base_dir/.gemini/tmp/async-reviews/pr-$pr_number/logs"
+log_dir="${base_dir}/.gemini/tmp/async-reviews/pr-${pr_number}/logs"
 
-if [[ ! -d "$log_dir" ]]; then
+if [[ ! -d "${log_dir}" ]]; then
   echo "STATUS: NOT_FOUND"
-  echo "❌ No logs found for PR #$pr_number in $log_dir"
+  echo "❌ No logs found for PR #${pr_number} in ${log_dir}"
   exit 0
 fi
 
@@ -34,32 +34,32 @@ all_done=true
 echo "STATUS: CHECKING"
 
 for task_info in "${tasks[@]}"; do
-  IFS="|" read -r task_name log_file <<< "$task_info"
+  IFS="|" read -r task_name log_file <<< "${task_info}"
   
-  file_path="$log_dir/$log_file"
-  exit_file="$log_dir/$task_name.exit"
+  file_path="${log_dir}/${log_file}"
+  exit_file="${log_dir}/${task_name}.exit"
 
-  if [[ -f "$exit_file" ]]; then
-    exit_code=$(cat "$exit_file")
-    if [[ "$exit_code" == "0" ]]; then
-      echo "✅ $task_name: SUCCESS"
+  if [[ -f "${exit_file}" ]]; then
+    read -r exit_code < "${exit_file}" || exit_code=""
+    if [[ "${exit_code}" == "0" ]]; then
+      echo "✅ ${task_name}: SUCCESS"
     else
-      echo "❌ $task_name: FAILED (exit code $exit_code)"
-      echo "   Last lines of $file_path:"
-      tail -n 3 "$file_path" | sed 's/^/      /'
+      echo "❌ ${task_name}: FAILED (exit code ${exit_code})"
+      echo "   Last lines of ${file_path}:"
+      tail -n 3 "${file_path}" | sed 's/^/      /' || true
     fi
-  elif [[ -f "$file_path" ]]; then
-    echo "⏳ $task_name: RUNNING"
+  elif [[ -f "${file_path}" ]]; then
+    echo "⏳ ${task_name}: RUNNING"
     all_done=false
   else
-    echo "➖ $task_name: NOT STARTED"
+    echo "➖ ${task_name}: NOT STARTED"
     all_done=false
   fi
 done
 
-if $all_done; then
+if [[ "${all_done}" == "true" ]]; then
   echo "STATUS: COMPLETE"
-  echo "LOG_DIR: $log_dir"
+  echo "LOG_DIR: ${log_dir}"
 else
   echo "STATUS: IN_PROGRESS"
-fi
+fi

docs/changelogs/latest.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Latest stable release: v0.35.2
+# Latest stable release: v0.35.3
 
-Released: March 26, 2026
+Released: March 28, 2026
 
 For most users, our latest stable release is the recommended release. Install
 the latest stable version with:
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli
 
 ## What's Changed
 
+- fix(patch): cherry-pick 765fb67 to release/v0.35.2-pr-24055 [CONFLICTS] by
+  @gemini-cli-robot in
+  [#24063](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/24063)
 - fix(core): allow disabling environment variable redaction by @galz10 in
   [#23927](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/23927)
 - fix(a2a-server): A2A server should execute ask policies in interactive mode by
@@ -385,4 +388,4 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli
   [#23585](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/23585)
 
 **Full Changelog**:
-https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/compare/v0.34.0...v0.35.2
+https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/compare/v0.34.0...v0.35.3

docs/changelogs/preview.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Preview release: v0.36.0-preview.5
+# Preview release: v0.36.0-preview.6
 
-Released: March 27, 2026
+Released: March 28, 2026
 
 Our preview release includes the latest, new, and experimental features. This
 release may not be as stable as our [latest weekly release](latest.md).
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli@preview
 
 ## What's Changed
 
+- fix(patch): cherry-pick 765fb67 to release/v0.36.0-preview.5-pr-24055 to patch
+  version v0.36.0-preview.5 and create version 0.36.0-preview.6 by
+  @gemini-cli-robot in
+  [#24061](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/24061)
 - fix(a2a-server): A2A server should execute ask policies in interactive mode by
   @kschaab in [#23831](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/23831)
 - docs(core): document agent_card_json string literal options for remote agents
@@ -386,4 +390,4 @@ npm install -g @google/gemini-cli@preview
   [#23666](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/pull/23666)
 
 **Full Changelog**:
-https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/compare/v0.35.0-preview.5...v0.36.0-preview.5
+https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/compare/v0.35.0-preview.5...v0.36.0-preview.6

docs/cli/plan-mode.md

@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ To start Plan Mode while using Gemini CLI:
   the rotation when Gemini CLI is actively processing or showing confirmation
   dialogs.
 
-- **Command:** Type `/plan` in the input box.
+- **Command:** Type `/plan [goal]` in the input box. The `[goal]` is optional;
+  for example, `/plan implement authentication` will switch to Plan Mode and
+  immediately submit the prompt to the model.
 
 - **Natural Language:** Ask Gemini CLI to "start a plan for...". Gemini CLI
   calls the

docs/cli/settings.md

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ they appear in the UI.
 | Hide Tips                            | `ui.hideTips`                          | Hide helpful tips in the UI                                                                                                                                       | `false`  |
 | Escape Pasted @ Symbols              | `ui.escapePastedAtSymbols`             | When enabled, @ symbols in pasted text are escaped to prevent unintended @path expansion.                                                                         | `false`  |
 | Show Shortcuts Hint                  | `ui.showShortcutsHint`                 | Show the "? for shortcuts" hint above the input.                                                                                                                  | `true`   |
+| Compact Tool Output                  | `ui.compactToolOutput`                 | Display tool outputs (like directory listings and file reads) in a compact, structured format.                                                                    | `false`  |
 | Hide Banner                          | `ui.hideBanner`                        | Hide the application banner                                                                                                                                       | `false`  |
 | Hide Context Summary                 | `ui.hideContextSummary`                | Hide the context summary (GEMINI.md, MCP servers) above the input.                                                                                                | `false`  |
 | Hide CWD                             | `ui.footer.hideCWD`                    | Hide the current working directory in the footer.                                                                                                                 | `false`  |
@@ -155,21 +156,18 @@ they appear in the UI.
 
 ### Experimental
 
-| UI Label                           | Setting                                        | Description                                                                                                                                               | Default |
-| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
-| Enable Tool Output Masking         | `experimental.toolOutputMasking.enabled`       | Enables tool output masking to save tokens.                                                                                                               | `true`  |
-| Enable Git Worktrees               | `experimental.worktrees`                       | Enable automated Git worktree management for parallel work.                                                                                               | `false` |
-| Use OSC 52 Paste                   | `experimental.useOSC52Paste`                   | Use OSC 52 for pasting. This may be more robust than the default system when using remote terminal sessions (if your terminal is configured to allow it). | `false` |
-| Use OSC 52 Copy                    | `experimental.useOSC52Copy`                    | Use OSC 52 for copying. This may be more robust than the default system when using remote terminal sessions (if your terminal is configured to allow it). | `false` |
-| Plan                               | `experimental.plan`                            | Enable Plan Mode.                                                                                                                                         | `true`  |
-| Model Steering                     | `experimental.modelSteering`                   | Enable model steering (user hints) to guide the model during tool execution.                                                                              | `false` |
-| Direct Web Fetch                   | `experimental.directWebFetch`                  | Enable web fetch behavior that bypasses LLM summarization.                                                                                                | `false` |
-| Memory Manager Agent               | `experimental.memoryManager`                   | Replace the built-in save_memory tool with a memory manager subagent that supports adding, removing, de-duplicating, and organizing memories.             | `false` |
-| Agent History Truncation           | `experimental.agentHistoryTruncation`          | Enable truncation window logic for the Agent History Provider.                                                                                            | `false` |
-| Agent History Truncation Threshold | `experimental.agentHistoryTruncationThreshold` | The maximum number of messages before history is truncated.                                                                                               | `30`    |
-| Agent History Retained Messages    | `experimental.agentHistoryRetainedMessages`    | The number of recent messages to retain after truncation.                                                                                                 | `15`    |
-| Agent History Summarization        | `experimental.agentHistorySummarization`       | Enable summarization of truncated content via a small model for the Agent History Provider.                                                               | `false` |
-| Topic & Update Narration           | `experimental.topicUpdateNarration`            | Enable the experimental Topic & Update communication model for reduced chattiness and structured progress reporting.                                      | `false` |
+| UI Label                   | Setting                                  | Description                                                                                                                                               | Default |
+| -------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- |
+| Enable Tool Output Masking | `experimental.toolOutputMasking.enabled` | Enables tool output masking to save tokens.                                                                                                               | `true`  |
+| Enable Git Worktrees       | `experimental.worktrees`                 | Enable automated Git worktree management for parallel work.                                                                                               | `false` |
+| Use OSC 52 Paste           | `experimental.useOSC52Paste`             | Use OSC 52 for pasting. This may be more robust than the default system when using remote terminal sessions (if your terminal is configured to allow it). | `false` |
+| Use OSC 52 Copy            | `experimental.useOSC52Copy`              | Use OSC 52 for copying. This may be more robust than the default system when using remote terminal sessions (if your terminal is configured to allow it). | `false` |
+| Plan                       | `experimental.plan`                      | Enable Plan Mode.                                                                                                                                         | `true`  |
+| Model Steering             | `experimental.modelSteering`             | Enable model steering (user hints) to guide the model during tool execution.                                                                              | `false` |
+| Direct Web Fetch           | `experimental.directWebFetch`            | Enable web fetch behavior that bypasses LLM summarization.                                                                                                | `false` |
+| Memory Manager Agent       | `experimental.memoryManager`             | Replace the built-in save_memory tool with a memory manager subagent that supports adding, removing, de-duplicating, and organizing memories.             | `false` |
+| Enable Context Management  | `experimental.contextManagement`         | Enable logic for context management.                                                                                                                      | `false` |
+| Topic & Update Narration   | `experimental.topicUpdateNarration`      | Enable the experimental Topic & Update communication model for reduced chattiness and structured progress reporting.                                      | `false` |
 
 ### Skills
 

docs/reference/configuration.md

@@ -257,6 +257,11 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Description:** Show the "? for shortcuts" hint above the input.
   - **Default:** `true`
 
+- **`ui.compactToolOutput`** (boolean):
+  - **Description:** Display tool outputs (like directory listings and file
+    reads) in a compact, structured format.
+  - **Default:** `false`
+
 - **`ui.hideBanner`** (boolean):
   - **Description:** Hide the application banner
   - **Default:** `false`
@@ -1366,6 +1371,14 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Default:** `true`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
+- **`tools.shell.backgroundCompletionBehavior`** (enum):
+  - **Description:** Controls what happens when a background shell command
+    finishes. 'silent' (default): quietly exits in background. 'inject':
+    automatically returns output to agent. 'notify': shows brief message in
+    chat.
+  - **Default:** `"silent"`
+  - **Values:** `"silent"`, `"inject"`, `"notify"`
+
 - **`tools.shell.pager`** (string):
   - **Description:** The pager command to use for shell output. Defaults to
     `cat`.
@@ -1694,25 +1707,8 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
   - **Default:** `false`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
-- **`experimental.agentHistoryTruncation`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Enable truncation window logic for the Agent History
-    Provider.
-  - **Default:** `false`
-  - **Requires restart:** Yes
-
-- **`experimental.agentHistoryTruncationThreshold`** (number):
-  - **Description:** The maximum number of messages before history is truncated.
-  - **Default:** `30`
-  - **Requires restart:** Yes
-
-- **`experimental.agentHistoryRetainedMessages`** (number):
-  - **Description:** The number of recent messages to retain after truncation.
-  - **Default:** `15`
-  - **Requires restart:** Yes
-
-- **`experimental.agentHistorySummarization`** (boolean):
-  - **Description:** Enable summarization of truncated content via a small model
-    for the Agent History Provider.
+- **`experimental.contextManagement`** (boolean):
+  - **Description:** Enable logic for context management.
   - **Default:** `false`
   - **Requires restart:** Yes
 
@@ -1807,6 +1803,49 @@ their corresponding top-level category object in your `settings.json` file.
     prioritize available tools dynamically.
   - **Default:** `[]`
 
+#### `contextManagement`
+
+- **`contextManagement.historyWindow.maxTokens`** (number):
+  - **Description:** The number of tokens to allow before triggering
+    compression.
+  - **Default:** `150000`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
+- **`contextManagement.historyWindow.retainedTokens`** (number):
+  - **Description:** The number of tokens to always retain.
+  - **Default:** `40000`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
+- **`contextManagement.messageLimits.normalMaxTokens`** (number):
+  - **Description:** The target number of tokens to budget for a normal
+    conversation turn.
+  - **Default:** `2500`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
+- **`contextManagement.messageLimits.retainedMaxTokens`** (number):
+  - **Description:** The maximum number of tokens a single conversation turn can
+    consume before truncation.
+  - **Default:** `12000`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
+- **`contextManagement.messageLimits.normalizationHeadRatio`** (number):
+  - **Description:** The ratio of tokens to retain from the beginning of a
+    truncated message (0.0 to 1.0).
+  - **Default:** `0.25`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
+- **`contextManagement.toolDistillation.maxOutputTokens`** (number):
+  - **Description:** Maximum tokens to show when truncating large tool outputs.
+  - **Default:** `10000`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
+- **`contextManagement.toolDistillation.summarizationThresholdTokens`**
+  (number):
+  - **Description:** Threshold above which truncated tool outputs will be
+    summarized by an LLM.
+  - **Default:** `20000`
+  - **Requires restart:** Yes
+
 #### `admin`
 
 - **`admin.secureModeEnabled`** (boolean):

evals/subagents.eval.ts

@@ -13,8 +13,21 @@ import { evalTest, TEST_AGENTS } from './test-helper.js';
 
 const INDEX_TS = 'export const add = (a: number, b: number) => a + b;\n';
 
+// A minimal package.json is used to provide a realistic workspace anchor.
+// This prevents the agent from making incorrect assumptions about the environment
+// and helps it properly navigate or act as if it is in a standard Node.js project.
+const MOCK_PACKAGE_JSON = JSON.stringify(
+  {
+    name: 'subagent-eval-project',
+    version: '1.0.0',
+    type: 'module',
+  },
+  null,
+  2,
+);
+
 function readProjectFile(
-  rig: { testDir?: string },
+  rig: { testDir: string | null },
   relativePath: string,
 ): string {
   return fs.readFileSync(path.join(rig.testDir!, relativePath), 'utf8');
@@ -117,15 +130,7 @@ describe('subagent eval test cases', () => {
     files: {
       ...TEST_AGENTS.TESTING_AGENT.asFile(),
       'index.ts': INDEX_TS,
-      'package.json': JSON.stringify(
-        {
-          name: 'subagent-eval-project',
-          version: '1.0.0',
-          type: 'module',
-        },
-        null,
-        2,
-      ),
+      'package.json': MOCK_PACKAGE_JSON,
     },
     assert: async (rig, _result) => {
       const toolLogs = rig.readToolLogs() as Array<{
@@ -164,15 +169,7 @@ describe('subagent eval test cases', () => {
       ...TEST_AGENTS.TESTING_AGENT.asFile(),
       'index.ts': INDEX_TS,
       'README.md': 'TODO: update the README.\n',
-      'package.json': JSON.stringify(
-        {
-          name: 'subagent-eval-project',
-          version: '1.0.0',
-          type: 'module',
-        },
-        null,
-        2,
-      ),
+      'package.json': MOCK_PACKAGE_JSON,
     },
     assert: async (rig, _result) => {
       const toolLogs = rig.readToolLogs() as Array<{
@@ -190,4 +187,105 @@ describe('subagent eval test cases', () => {
       );
     },
   });
+
+  /**
+   * Checks that the main agent can correctly select the appropriate subagent
+   * from a large pool of available subagents (10 total).
+   */
+  evalTest('USUALLY_PASSES', {
+    name: 'should select the correct subagent from a pool of 10 different agents',
+    prompt: 'Please add a new SQL table migration for a user profile.',
+    files: {
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.DOCS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.TESTING_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.DATABASE_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.CSS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.I18N_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.SECURITY_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.DEVOPS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.ANALYTICS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.ACCESSIBILITY_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.MOBILE_AGENT.asFile(),
+      'package.json': MOCK_PACKAGE_JSON,
+    },
+    assert: async (rig, _result) => {
+      const toolLogs = rig.readToolLogs() as Array<{
+        toolRequest: { name: string };
+      }>;
+      await rig.expectToolCallSuccess(['database-agent']);
+
+      // Ensure the generalist and other irrelevant specialists were not invoked
+      const uncalledAgents = [
+        'generalist',
+        TEST_AGENTS.DOCS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.TESTING_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.CSS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.I18N_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.SECURITY_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.DEVOPS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.ANALYTICS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.ACCESSIBILITY_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.MOBILE_AGENT.name,
+      ];
+
+      for (const agentName of uncalledAgents) {
+        expect(toolLogs.some((l) => l.toolRequest.name === agentName)).toBe(
+          false,
+        );
+      }
+    },
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * Checks that the main agent can correctly select the appropriate subagent
+   * from a large pool of available subagents, even when many irrelevant MCP tools are present.
+   *
+   * This test includes stress tests the subagent delegation with ~80 tools.
+   */
+  evalTest('USUALLY_PASSES', {
+    name: 'should select the correct subagent from a pool of 10 different agents with MCP tools present',
+    prompt: 'Please add a new SQL table migration for a user profile.',
+    setup: async (rig) => {
+      rig.addTestMcpServer('workspace-server', 'google-workspace');
+    },
+    files: {
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.DOCS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.TESTING_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.DATABASE_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.CSS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.I18N_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.SECURITY_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.DEVOPS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.ANALYTICS_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.ACCESSIBILITY_AGENT.asFile(),
+      ...TEST_AGENTS.MOBILE_AGENT.asFile(),
+      'package.json': MOCK_PACKAGE_JSON,
+    },
+    assert: async (rig, _result) => {
+      const toolLogs = rig.readToolLogs() as Array<{
+        toolRequest: { name: string };
+      }>;
+      await rig.expectToolCallSuccess(['database-agent']);
+
+      // Ensure the generalist and other irrelevant specialists were not invoked
+      const uncalledAgents = [
+        'generalist',
+        TEST_AGENTS.DOCS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.TESTING_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.CSS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.I18N_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.SECURITY_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.DEVOPS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.ANALYTICS_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.ACCESSIBILITY_AGENT.name,
+        TEST_AGENTS.MOBILE_AGENT.name,
+      ];
+
+      for (const agentName of uncalledAgents) {
+        expect(toolLogs.some((l) => l.toolRequest.name === agentName)).toBe(
+          false,
+        );
+      }
+    },
+  });
 });

evals/test-helper.ts

@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ export async function internalEvalTest(evalCase: EvalCase) {
     try {
       rig.setup(evalCase.name, evalCase.params);
 
+      if (evalCase.setup) {
+        await evalCase.setup(rig);
+      }
+
       if (evalCase.files) {
         await setupTestFiles(rig, evalCase.files);
       }
@@ -371,6 +375,7 @@ export interface EvalCase {
   prompt: string;
   timeout?: number;
   files?: Record<string, string>;
+  setup?: (rig: TestRig) => Promise<void> | void;
   /** Conversation history to pre-load via --resume. Each entry is a message object with type, content, etc. */
   messages?: Record<string, unknown>[];
   /** Session ID for the resumed session. Auto-generated if not provided. */

evals/update_topic.eval.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { evalTest } from './test-helper.js';
+
+describe('update_topic_behavior', () => {
+  // Constants for tool names and params for robustness
+  const UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME = 'update_topic';
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies the desired behavior of the update_topic tool. update_topic is used by the
+   * agent to share periodic, concise updates about what the agent is working on, independent
+   * of the regular model output and/or thoughts. This tool is expected to be called at least
+   * at the start and end of the session, and typically at least once in the middle, but no
+   * more than 1/4 turns.
+   */
+  evalTest('USUALLY_PASSES', {
+    name: 'update_topic should be used at start, end and middle for complex tasks',
+    prompt: `Create a simple users REST API using Express. 
+1. Initialize a new npm project and install express.
+2. Create src/app.ts as the main entry point.
+3. Create src/routes/userRoutes.ts for user routes.
+4. Create src/controllers/userController.ts for user logic.
+5. Implement GET /users, POST /users, and GET /users/:id using an in-memory array.
+6. Add a 'start' script to package.json.
+7. Finally, run a quick grep to verify the routes are in src/app.ts.`,
+    files: {
+      'package.json': JSON.stringify(
+        {
+          name: 'users-api',
+          version: '1.0.0',
+          private: true,
+        },
+        null,
+        2,
+      ),
+      '.gemini/settings.json': JSON.stringify({
+        experimental: {
+          topicUpdateNarration: true,
+        },
+      }),
+    },
+    assert: async (rig, result) => {
+      const toolLogs = rig.readToolLogs();
+      const topicCalls = toolLogs.filter(
+        (l) => l.toolRequest.name === UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+      );
+
+      // 1. Assert that update_topic is called at least 3 times (start, middle, end)
+      expect(
+        topicCalls.length,
+        `Expected at least 3 update_topic calls, but found ${topicCalls.length}`,
+      ).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(3);
+
+      // 2. Assert update_topic is called at the very beginning (first tool call)
+      expect(
+        toolLogs[0].toolRequest.name,
+        'First tool call should be update_topic',
+      ).toBe(UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME);
+
+      // 3. Assert update_topic is called near the end
+      const lastTopicCallIndex = toolLogs
+        .map((l) => l.toolRequest.name)
+        .lastIndexOf(UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME);
+      expect(
+        lastTopicCallIndex,
+        'Expected update_topic to be used near the end of the task',
+      ).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(toolLogs.length * 0.7);
+
+      // 4. Assert there is at least one update_topic call in the middle (between start and end phases)
+      const middleTopicCalls = topicCalls.slice(1, -1);
+
+      expect(
+        middleTopicCalls.length,
+        'Expected at least one update_topic call in the middle of the task',
+      ).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1);
+
+      // 5. Turn Ratio Assertion: update_topic should be <= 1/2 of total turns.
+      // We only enforce this for tasks that take more than 5 turns, as shorter tasks
+      // naturally have a higher ratio when following the "start, middle, end" rule.
+      const uniquePromptIds = new Set(
+        toolLogs
+          .map((l) => l.toolRequest.prompt_id)
+          .filter((id) => id !== undefined),
+      );
+      const totalTurns = uniquePromptIds.size;
+
+      if (totalTurns > 5) {
+        const topicTurns = new Set(
+          topicCalls
+            .map((l) => l.toolRequest.prompt_id)
+            .filter((id) => id !== undefined),
+        );
+        const topicTurnCount = topicTurns.size;
+
+        const ratio = topicTurnCount / totalTurns;
+
+        expect(
+          ratio,
+          `update_topic was used in ${topicTurnCount} out of ${totalTurns} turns (${(ratio * 100).toFixed(1)}%). Expected <= 50%.`,
+        ).toBeLessThanOrEqual(0.5);
+
+        // Ideal ratio is closer to 1/5 (20%). We log high usage as a warning.
+        if (ratio > 0.25) {
+          console.warn(
+            `[Efficiency Warning] update_topic usage is high: ${(ratio * 100).toFixed(1)}% (Goal: ~20%)`,
+          );
+        }
+      }
+    },
+  });
+});

integration-tests/api-resilience.responses

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"method":"generateContentStream","response":[{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Part 1. "}],"role":"model"},"index":0}]},{"usageMetadata":{"promptTokenCount":100,"candidatesTokenCount":10,"totalTokenCount":110}},{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Part 2."}],"role":"model"},"index":0}],"finishReason":"STOP"}]}
+{"method":"generateContentStream","response":[{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Part 1. "}],"role":"model"},"index":0}]},{"usageMetadata":{"promptTokenCount":100,"candidatesTokenCount":10,"totalTokenCount":110}},{"candidates":[{"content":{"parts":[{"text":"Part 2."}],"role":"model"},"index":0,"finishReason":"STOP"}]}]}

integration-tests/file-system.test.ts

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ describe('file-system', () => {
     ).toBeTruthy();
 
     const newFileContent = rig.readFile(fileName);
-    expect(newFileContent).toBe('hello');
+    expect(newFileContent.trim()).toBe('hello');
   });
 
   it('should perform a read-then-write sequence', async () => {

integration-tests/plan-mode.test.ts

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ describe('Plan Mode', () => {
 
     await rig.run({
       approvalMode: 'plan',
-      args: 'Create a file called hello.txt in the current directory.',
+      args: 'Attempt to create a file named "hello.txt" in the current directory. Do not create a plan file, try to write hello.txt directly.',
     });
 
     const toolLogs = rig.readToolLogs();

packages/a2a-server/src/config/config.test.ts

@@ -424,7 +424,22 @@ describe('loadConfig', () => {
       });
     });
 
-    describe('authentication fallback', () => {
+    describe('authentication logic', () => {
+      const setupConfigMock = (refreshAuthMock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>) => {
+        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
+          (params: unknown) =>
+            ({
+              ...(params as object),
+              initialize: vi.fn(),
+              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
+              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
+              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
+              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
+              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
+            }) as unknown as Config,
+        );
+      };
+
       beforeEach(() => {
         vi.stubEnv('USE_CCPA', 'true');
         vi.stubEnv('GEMINI_API_KEY', '');
@@ -434,182 +449,77 @@ describe('loadConfig', () => {
         vi.unstubAllEnvs();
       });
 
-      it('should fall back to COMPUTE_ADC in Cloud Shell if LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE fails', async () => {
-        vi.stubEnv('CLOUD_SHELL', 'true');
-        vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(false);
-        const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockImplementation((authType) => {
-          if (authType === AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE) {
-            throw new FatalAuthenticationError('Non-interactive session');
-          }
-          return Promise.resolve();
-        });
-
-        // Update the mock implementation for this test
-        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
-          (params: unknown) =>
-            ({
-              ...(params as object),
-              initialize: vi.fn(),
-              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
-              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
-              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
-              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-            }) as unknown as Config,
-        );
-
-        await loadConfig(mockSettings, mockExtensionLoader, taskId);
-
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-          AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE,
-        );
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
-      });
-
-      it('should not fall back to COMPUTE_ADC if not in cloud environment', async () => {
-        vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(false);
-        const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockImplementation((authType) => {
-          if (authType === AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE) {
-            throw new FatalAuthenticationError('Non-interactive session');
-          }
-          return Promise.resolve();
-        });
-
-        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
-          (params: unknown) =>
-            ({
-              ...(params as object),
-              initialize: vi.fn(),
-              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
-              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
-              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
-              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-            }) as unknown as Config,
-        );
-
-        await expect(
-          loadConfig(mockSettings, mockExtensionLoader, taskId),
-        ).rejects.toThrow('Non-interactive session');
-
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-          AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE,
-        );
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
-      });
-
-      it('should skip LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE and use COMPUTE_ADC directly in headless Cloud Shell', async () => {
-        vi.stubEnv('CLOUD_SHELL', 'true');
-        vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(true);
-
+      it('should attempt COMPUTE_ADC by default and bypass LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE if successful', async () => {
         const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
-
-        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
-          (params: unknown) =>
-            ({
-              ...(params as object),
-              initialize: vi.fn(),
-              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
-              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
-              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
-              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-            }) as unknown as Config,
-        );
+        setupConfigMock(refreshAuthMock);
 
         await loadConfig(mockSettings, mockExtensionLoader, taskId);
 
+        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
         expect(refreshAuthMock).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
           AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE,
         );
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
       });
 
-      it('should skip LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE and use COMPUTE_ADC directly if GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC is true', async () => {
-        vi.stubEnv('GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC', 'true');
-        vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(false); // Even if not headless
-
-        const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
-
-        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
-          (params: unknown) =>
-            ({
-              ...(params as object),
-              initialize: vi.fn(),
-              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
-              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
-              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
-              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-            }) as unknown as Config,
-        );
+      it('should fallback to LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE if COMPUTE_ADC fails and interactive mode is available', async () => {
+        vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(false);
+        const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockImplementation((authType) => {
+          if (authType === AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC) {
+            return Promise.reject(new Error('ADC failed'));
+          }
+          return Promise.resolve();
+        });
+        setupConfigMock(refreshAuthMock);
 
         await loadConfig(mockSettings, mockExtensionLoader, taskId);
 
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
+        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
           AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE,
         );
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
       });
 
-      it('should throw FatalAuthenticationError in headless mode if no ADC fallback available', async () => {
+      it('should throw FatalAuthenticationError in headless mode if COMPUTE_ADC fails', async () => {
         vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(true);
 
-        const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
-
-        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
-          (params: unknown) =>
-            ({
-              ...(params as object),
-              initialize: vi.fn(),
-              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
-              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
-              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
-              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-            }) as unknown as Config,
-        );
+        const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockImplementation((authType) => {
+          if (authType === AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC) {
+            return Promise.reject(new Error('ADC not found'));
+          }
+          return Promise.resolve();
+        });
+        setupConfigMock(refreshAuthMock);
 
         await expect(
           loadConfig(mockSettings, mockExtensionLoader, taskId),
         ).rejects.toThrow(
-          'Interactive terminal required for LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE. Run in an interactive terminal or set GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC=true to use Application Default Credentials.',
+          'COMPUTE_ADC failed: ADC not found. (LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE fallback skipped due to headless mode. Run in an interactive terminal to use OAuth.)',
         );
 
-        expect(refreshAuthMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(refreshAuthMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
+        expect(refreshAuthMock).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+          AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE,
+        );
       });
 
-      it('should include both original and fallback error when COMPUTE_ADC fallback fails', async () => {
-        vi.stubEnv('CLOUD_SHELL', 'true');
+      it('should include both original and fallback error when LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE fallback fails', async () => {
         vi.mocked(isHeadlessMode).mockReturnValue(false);
 
         const refreshAuthMock = vi.fn().mockImplementation((authType) => {
-          if (authType === AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE) {
-            throw new FatalAuthenticationError('OAuth failed');
-          }
           if (authType === AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC) {
             throw new Error('ADC failed');
           }
+          if (authType === AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE) {
+            throw new FatalAuthenticationError('OAuth failed');
+          }
           return Promise.resolve();
         });
-
-        vi.mocked(Config).mockImplementation(
-          (params: unknown) =>
-            ({
-              ...(params as object),
-              initialize: vi.fn(),
-              waitForMcpInit: vi.fn(),
-              refreshAuth: refreshAuthMock,
-              getExperiments: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ flags: {} }),
-              getRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-              setRemoteAdminSettings: vi.fn(),
-            }) as unknown as Config,
-        );
+        setupConfigMock(refreshAuthMock);
 
         await expect(
           loadConfig(mockSettings, mockExtensionLoader, taskId),
         ).rejects.toThrow(
-          'OAuth failed. Fallback to COMPUTE_ADC also failed: ADC failed',
+          'OAuth failed. The initial COMPUTE_ADC attempt also failed: ADC failed',
         );
       });
     });

packages/a2a-server/src/config/config.ts

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import {
   ExperimentFlags,
   isHeadlessMode,
   FatalAuthenticationError,
-  isCloudShell,
   PolicyDecision,
   PRIORITY_YOLO_ALLOW_ALL,
   type TelemetryTarget,
@@ -43,7 +42,6 @@ export async function loadConfig(
   taskId: string,
 ): Promise<Config> {
   const workspaceDir = process.cwd();
-  const adcFilePath = process.env['GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS'];
 
   const folderTrust =
     settings.folderTrust === true ||
@@ -192,7 +190,7 @@ export async function loadConfig(
   await config.waitForMcpInit();
   startupProfiler.flush(config);
 
-  await refreshAuthentication(config, adcFilePath, 'Config');
+  await refreshAuthentication(config, 'Config');
 
   return config;
 }
@@ -263,75 +261,51 @@ function findEnvFile(startDir: string): string | null {
 
 async function refreshAuthentication(
   config: Config,
-  adcFilePath: string | undefined,
   logPrefix: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
   if (process.env['USE_CCPA']) {
     logger.info(`[${logPrefix}] Using CCPA Auth:`);
+
+    logger.info(`[${logPrefix}] Attempting COMPUTE_ADC first.`);
     try {
-      if (adcFilePath) {
-        path.resolve(adcFilePath);
-      }
-    } catch (e) {
-      logger.error(
-        `[${logPrefix}] USE_CCPA env var is true but unable to resolve GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS file path ${adcFilePath}. Error ${e}`,
+      await config.refreshAuth(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
+      logger.info(`[${logPrefix}] COMPUTE_ADC successful.`);
+    } catch (adcError) {
+      const adcMessage =
+        adcError instanceof Error ? adcError.message : String(adcError);
+      logger.info(
+        `[${logPrefix}] COMPUTE_ADC failed or not available: ${adcMessage}`,
       );
-    }
 
-    const useComputeAdc = process.env['GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC'] === 'true';
-    const isHeadless = isHeadlessMode();
-    const shouldSkipOauth = isHeadless || useComputeAdc;
+      const useComputeAdc =
+        process.env['GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC'] === 'true';
+      const isHeadless = isHeadlessMode();
 
-    if (shouldSkipOauth) {
-      if (isCloudShell() || useComputeAdc) {
-        logger.info(
-          `[${logPrefix}] Skipping LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE due to ${isHeadless ? 'headless mode' : 'GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC'}. Attempting COMPUTE_ADC.`,
-        );
-        try {
-          await config.refreshAuth(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
-          logger.info(`[${logPrefix}] COMPUTE_ADC successful.`);
-        } catch (adcError) {
-          const adcMessage =
-            adcError instanceof Error ? adcError.message : String(adcError);
-          throw new FatalAuthenticationError(
-            `COMPUTE_ADC failed: ${adcMessage}. (Skipped LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE due to ${isHeadless ? 'headless mode' : 'GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC'})`,
-          );
-        }
-      } else {
+      if (isHeadless || useComputeAdc) {
+        const reason = isHeadless
+          ? 'headless mode'
+          : 'GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC=true';
         throw new FatalAuthenticationError(
-          `Interactive terminal required for LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE. Run in an interactive terminal or set GEMINI_CLI_USE_COMPUTE_ADC=true to use Application Default Credentials.`,
+          `COMPUTE_ADC failed: ${adcMessage}. (LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE fallback skipped due to ${reason}. Run in an interactive terminal to use OAuth.)`,
         );
       }
-    } else {
+
+      logger.info(
+        `[${logPrefix}] COMPUTE_ADC failed, falling back to LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE.`,
+      );
       try {
         await config.refreshAuth(AuthType.LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE);
       } catch (e) {
-        if (
-          e instanceof FatalAuthenticationError &&
-          (isCloudShell() || useComputeAdc)
-        ) {
-          logger.warn(
-            `[${logPrefix}] LOGIN_WITH_GOOGLE failed. Attempting COMPUTE_ADC fallback.`,
+        if (e instanceof FatalAuthenticationError) {
+          const originalMessage = e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e);
+          throw new FatalAuthenticationError(
+            `${originalMessage}. The initial COMPUTE_ADC attempt also failed: ${adcMessage}`,
           );
-          try {
-            await config.refreshAuth(AuthType.COMPUTE_ADC);
-            logger.info(`[${logPrefix}] COMPUTE_ADC fallback successful.`);
-          } catch (adcError) {
-            logger.error(
-              `[${logPrefix}] COMPUTE_ADC fallback failed: ${adcError}`,
-            );
-            const originalMessage = e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e);
-            const adcMessage =
-              adcError instanceof Error ? adcError.message : String(adcError);
-            throw new FatalAuthenticationError(
-              `${originalMessage}. Fallback to COMPUTE_ADC also failed: ${adcMessage}`,
-            );
-          }
-        } else {
-          throw e;
         }
+        throw e;
       }
     }
+
     logger.info(
       `[${logPrefix}] GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: ${process.env['GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT']}`,
     );

packages/a2a-server/src/utils/testing_utils.ts

@@ -109,12 +109,8 @@ export function createMockConfig(
         enableEnvironmentVariableRedaction: false,
       },
     }),
-    isExperimentalAgentHistoryTruncationEnabled: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
-    getExperimentalAgentHistoryTruncationThreshold: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(50),
-    getExperimentalAgentHistoryRetainedMessages: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(30),
-    isExperimentalAgentHistorySummarizationEnabled: vi
-      .fn()
-      .mockReturnValue(false),
+    isAutoDistillationEnabled: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+    getContextManagementConfig: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({ enabled: false }),
     ...overrides,
   } as unknown as Config;
 

packages/cli/src/config/config.ts

@@ -977,14 +977,10 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
     disabledSkills: settings.skills?.disabled,
     experimentalJitContext: settings.experimental?.jitContext,
     experimentalMemoryManager: settings.experimental?.memoryManager,
-    experimentalAgentHistoryTruncation:
-      settings.experimental?.agentHistoryTruncation,
-    experimentalAgentHistoryTruncationThreshold:
-      settings.experimental?.agentHistoryTruncationThreshold,
-    experimentalAgentHistoryRetainedMessages:
-      settings.experimental?.agentHistoryRetainedMessages,
-    experimentalAgentHistorySummarization:
-      settings.experimental?.agentHistorySummarization,
+    contextManagement: {
+      enabled: settings.experimental?.contextManagement,
+      ...settings?.contextManagement,
+    },
     modelSteering: settings.experimental?.modelSteering,
     topicUpdateNarration: settings.experimental?.topicUpdateNarration,
     toolOutputMasking: settings.experimental?.toolOutputMasking,
@@ -1000,6 +996,8 @@ export async function loadCliConfig(
     useAlternateBuffer: settings.ui?.useAlternateBuffer,
     useRipgrep: settings.tools?.useRipgrep,
     enableInteractiveShell: settings.tools?.shell?.enableInteractiveShell,
+    shellBackgroundCompletionBehavior: settings.tools?.shell
+      ?.backgroundCompletionBehavior as string | undefined,
     shellToolInactivityTimeout: settings.tools?.shell?.inactivityTimeout,
     enableShellOutputEfficiency:
       settings.tools?.shell?.enableShellOutputEfficiency ?? true,

packages/cli/src/config/settingsSchema.ts

@@ -561,6 +561,16 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
         description: 'Show the "? for shortcuts" hint above the input.',
         showInDialog: true,
       },
+      compactToolOutput: {
+        type: 'boolean',
+        label: 'Compact Tool Output',
+        category: 'UI',
+        requiresRestart: false,
+        default: false,
+        description:
+          'Display tool outputs (like directory listings and file reads) in a compact, structured format.',
+        showInDialog: true,
+      },
       hideBanner: {
         type: 'boolean',
         label: 'Hide Banner',
@@ -1458,6 +1468,21 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
             `,
             showInDialog: true,
           },
+          backgroundCompletionBehavior: {
+            type: 'enum',
+            label: 'Background Completion Behavior',
+            category: 'Tools',
+            requiresRestart: false,
+            default: 'silent',
+            description:
+              "Controls what happens when a background shell command finishes. 'silent' (default): quietly exits in background. 'inject': automatically returns output to agent. 'notify': shows brief message in chat.",
+            showInDialog: false,
+            options: [
+              { label: 'Silent', value: 'silent' },
+              { label: 'Inject', value: 'inject' },
+              { label: 'Notify', value: 'notify' },
+            ],
+          },
           pager: {
             type: 'string',
             label: 'Pager',
@@ -2154,44 +2179,13 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
           'Replace the built-in save_memory tool with a memory manager subagent that supports adding, removing, de-duplicating, and organizing memories.',
         showInDialog: true,
       },
-      agentHistoryTruncation: {
+      contextManagement: {
         type: 'boolean',
-        label: 'Agent History Truncation',
+        label: 'Enable Context Management',
         category: 'Experimental',
         requiresRestart: true,
         default: false,
-        description:
-          'Enable truncation window logic for the Agent History Provider.',
-        showInDialog: true,
-      },
-      agentHistoryTruncationThreshold: {
-        type: 'number',
-        label: 'Agent History Truncation Threshold',
-        category: 'Experimental',
-        requiresRestart: true,
-        default: 30,
-        description:
-          'The maximum number of messages before history is truncated.',
-        showInDialog: true,
-      },
-      agentHistoryRetainedMessages: {
-        type: 'number',
-        label: 'Agent History Retained Messages',
-        category: 'Experimental',
-        requiresRestart: true,
-        default: 15,
-        description:
-          'The number of recent messages to retain after truncation.',
-        showInDialog: true,
-      },
-      agentHistorySummarization: {
-        type: 'boolean',
-        label: 'Agent History Summarization',
-        category: 'Experimental',
-        requiresRestart: true,
-        default: false,
-        description:
-          'Enable summarization of truncated content via a small model for the Agent History Provider.',
+        description: 'Enable logic for context management.',
         showInDialog: true,
       },
       topicUpdateNarration: {
@@ -2470,6 +2464,118 @@ const SETTINGS_SCHEMA = {
     },
   },
 
+  contextManagement: {
+    type: 'object',
+    label: 'Context Management',
+    category: 'Experimental',
+    requiresRestart: true,
+    default: {},
+    description:
+      'Settings for agent history and tool distillation context management.',
+    showInDialog: false,
+    properties: {
+      historyWindow: {
+        type: 'object',
+        label: 'History Window Settings',
+        category: 'Context Management',
+        requiresRestart: true,
+        default: {},
+        showInDialog: false,
+        properties: {
+          maxTokens: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Max Tokens',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 150_000,
+            description:
+              'The number of tokens to allow before triggering compression.',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+          retainedTokens: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Retained Tokens',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 40_000,
+            description: 'The number of tokens to always retain.',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+      messageLimits: {
+        type: 'object',
+        label: 'Message Limits',
+        category: 'Context Management',
+        requiresRestart: true,
+        default: {},
+        showInDialog: false,
+        properties: {
+          normalMaxTokens: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Normal Maximum Tokens',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 2500,
+            description:
+              'The target number of tokens to budget for a normal conversation turn.',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+          retainedMaxTokens: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Retained Maximum Tokens',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 12000,
+            description:
+              'The maximum number of tokens a single conversation turn can consume before truncation.',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+          normalizationHeadRatio: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Normalization Head Ratio',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 0.25,
+            description:
+              'The ratio of tokens to retain from the beginning of a truncated message (0.0 to 1.0).',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+      toolDistillation: {
+        type: 'object',
+        label: 'Tool Distillation',
+        category: 'Context Management',
+        requiresRestart: true,
+        default: {},
+        showInDialog: false,
+        properties: {
+          maxOutputTokens: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Max Output Tokens',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 10_000,
+            description:
+              'Maximum tokens to show when truncating large tool outputs.',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+          summarizationThresholdTokens: {
+            type: 'number',
+            label: 'Tool Summarization Threshold',
+            category: 'Context Management',
+            requiresRestart: true,
+            default: 20_000,
+            description:
+              'Threshold above which truncated tool outputs will be summarized by an LLM.',
+            showInDialog: false,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+
   admin: {
     type: 'object',
     label: 'Admin',

packages/cli/src/interactiveCli.tsx

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ import { TerminalProvider } from './ui/contexts/TerminalContext.js';
 import { isAlternateBufferEnabled } from './ui/hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
 import { OverflowProvider } from './ui/contexts/OverflowContext.js';
 import { profiler } from './ui/components/DebugProfiler.js';
+import { initializeConsoleStore } from './ui/hooks/useConsoleMessages.js';
 
 const SLOW_RENDER_MS = 200;
 
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ export async function startInteractiveUI(
   resumedSessionData: ResumedSessionData | undefined,
   initializationResult: InitializationResult,
 ) {
+  initializeConsoleStore();
   // Never enter Ink alternate buffer mode when screen reader mode is enabled
   // as there is no benefit of alternate buffer mode when using a screen reader
   // and the Ink alternate buffer mode requires line wrapping harmful to

packages/cli/src/services/BuiltinCommandLoader.ts

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ import { themeCommand } from '../ui/commands/themeCommand.js';
 import { toolsCommand } from '../ui/commands/toolsCommand.js';
 import { skillsCommand } from '../ui/commands/skillsCommand.js';
 import { settingsCommand } from '../ui/commands/settingsCommand.js';
-import { shellsCommand } from '../ui/commands/shellsCommand.js';
+import { tasksCommand } from '../ui/commands/tasksCommand.js';
 import { vimCommand } from '../ui/commands/vimCommand.js';
 import { setupGithubCommand } from '../ui/commands/setupGithubCommand.js';
 import { terminalSetupCommand } from '../ui/commands/terminalSetupCommand.js';
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ export class BuiltinCommandLoader implements ICommandLoader {
           : [skillsCommand]
         : []),
       settingsCommand,
-      shellsCommand,
+      tasksCommand,
       vimCommand,
       setupGithubCommand,
       terminalSetupCommand,

packages/cli/src/test-utils/mockConfig.ts

@@ -194,6 +194,17 @@ export function createMockSettings(
     user: { settings: {} },
     workspace: { settings: {} },
     errors: [],
+    subscribe: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(() => {}),
+    getSnapshot: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
+      system: { settings: {} },
+      systemDefaults: { settings: {} },
+      user: { settings: {} },
+      workspace: { settings: {} },
+      isTrusted: true,
+      errors: [],
+      merged,
+    }),
+    setValue: vi.fn(),
     ...overrides,
     merged,
   } as unknown as LoadedSettings;

packages/cli/src/test-utils/render.tsx

@@ -506,8 +506,8 @@ const baseMockUiState = {
   cleanUiDetailsVisible: false,
   allowPlanMode: true,
   activePtyId: undefined,
-  backgroundShells: new Map(),
-  backgroundShellHeight: 0,
+  backgroundTasks: new Map(),
+  backgroundTaskHeight: 0,
   quota: {
     userTier: undefined,
     stats: undefined,
@@ -579,9 +579,9 @@ const mockUIActions: UIActions = {
   revealCleanUiDetailsTemporarily: vi.fn(),
   handleWarning: vi.fn(),
   setEmbeddedShellFocused: vi.fn(),
-  dismissBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
-  setActiveBackgroundShellPid: vi.fn(),
-  setIsBackgroundShellListOpen: vi.fn(),
+  dismissBackgroundTask: vi.fn(),
+  setActiveBackgroundTaskPid: vi.fn(),
+  setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen: vi.fn(),
   setAuthContext: vi.fn(),
   onHintInput: vi.fn(),
   onHintBackspace: vi.fn(),
@@ -613,6 +613,7 @@ export const renderWithProviders = async (
     mouseEventsEnabled = false,
     config,
     uiActions,
+    toolActions,
     persistentState,
     appState = mockAppState,
   }: {
@@ -623,6 +624,11 @@ export const renderWithProviders = async (
     mouseEventsEnabled?: boolean;
     config?: Config;
     uiActions?: Partial<UIActions>;
+    toolActions?: Partial<{
+      isExpanded: (callId: string) => boolean;
+      toggleExpansion: (callId: string) => void;
+      toggleAllExpansion: (callIds: string[]) => void;
+    }>;
     persistentState?: {
       get?: typeof persistentStateMock.get;
       set?: typeof persistentStateMock.set;
@@ -710,6 +716,16 @@ export const renderWithProviders = async (
                         <ToolActionsProvider
                           config={config}
                           toolCalls={allToolCalls}
+                          isExpanded={
+                            toolActions?.isExpanded ??
+                            vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false)
+                          }
+                          toggleExpansion={
+                            toolActions?.toggleExpansion ?? vi.fn()
+                          }
+                          toggleAllExpansion={
+                            toolActions?.toggleAllExpansion ?? vi.fn()
+                          }
                         >
                           <AskUserActionsProvider
                             request={null}

packages/cli/src/ui/App.test.tsx

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe('App', () => {
       defaultText: 'Mock Banner Text',
       warningText: '',
     },
-    backgroundShells: new Map(),
+    backgroundTasks: new Map(),
   };
 
   it('should render main content and composer when not quitting', async () => {

packages/cli/src/ui/AppContainer.test.tsx

@@ -328,13 +328,13 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
     handleApprovalModeChange: vi.fn(),
     activePtyId: null,
     loopDetectionConfirmationRequest: null,
-    backgroundShellCount: 0,
-    isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
-    toggleBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
-    backgroundCurrentShell: vi.fn(),
-    backgroundShells: new Map(),
-    registerBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
-    dismissBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundTaskCount: 0,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+    toggleBackgroundTasks: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundCurrentExecution: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundTasks: new Map(),
+    registerBackgroundTask: vi.fn(),
+    dismissBackgroundTask: vi.fn(),
   };
 
   beforeEach(() => {
@@ -2257,13 +2257,13 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       });
 
       it('should focus background shell on Tab when already visible (not toggle it off)', async () => {
-        const mockToggleBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
+        const mockToggleBackgroundTask = vi.fn();
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
           ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           activePtyId: null,
-          isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-          backgroundShells: new Map([[123, { pid: 123, status: 'running' }]]),
-          toggleBackgroundShell: mockToggleBackgroundShell,
+          isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+          backgroundTasks: new Map([[123, { pid: 123, status: 'running' }]]),
+          toggleBackgroundTasks: mockToggleBackgroundTask,
         });
 
         await setupKeypressTest();
@@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         // Should be focused
         expect(capturedUIState.embeddedShellFocused).toBe(true);
         // Should NOT have toggled (closed) the shell
-        expect(mockToggleBackgroundShell).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(mockToggleBackgroundTask).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
 
         unmount();
       });
@@ -2285,13 +2285,13 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
 
     describe('Background Shell Toggling (CTRL+B)', () => {
       it('should toggle background shell on Ctrl+B even if visible but not focused', async () => {
-        const mockToggleBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
+        const mockToggleBackgroundTask = vi.fn();
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue({
           ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           activePtyId: null,
-          isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-          backgroundShells: new Map([[123, { pid: 123, status: 'running' }]]),
-          toggleBackgroundShell: mockToggleBackgroundShell,
+          isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+          backgroundTasks: new Map([[123, { pid: 123, status: 'running' }]]),
+          toggleBackgroundTasks: mockToggleBackgroundTask,
         });
 
         await setupKeypressTest();
@@ -2303,7 +2303,7 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
         pressKey('\x02');
 
         // Should have toggled (closed) the shell
-        expect(mockToggleBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(mockToggleBackgroundTask).toHaveBeenCalled();
         // Should be unfocused
         expect(capturedUIState.embeddedShellFocused).toBe(false);
 
@@ -2311,28 +2311,28 @@ describe('AppContainer State Management', () => {
       });
 
       it('should show and focus background shell on Ctrl+B if hidden', async () => {
-        const mockToggleBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
+        const mockToggleBackgroundTask = vi.fn();
         const geminiStreamMock = {
           ...DEFAULT_GEMINI_STREAM_MOCK,
           activePtyId: null,
-          isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
-          backgroundShells: new Map([[123, { pid: 123, status: 'running' }]]),
-          toggleBackgroundShell: mockToggleBackgroundShell,
+          isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+          backgroundTasks: new Map([[123, { pid: 123, status: 'running' }]]),
+          toggleBackgroundTasks: mockToggleBackgroundTask,
         };
         mockedUseGeminiStream.mockReturnValue(geminiStreamMock);
 
         await setupKeypressTest();
 
         // Update the mock state when toggled to simulate real behavior
-        mockToggleBackgroundShell.mockImplementation(() => {
-          geminiStreamMock.isBackgroundShellVisible = true;
+        mockToggleBackgroundTask.mockImplementation(() => {
+          geminiStreamMock.isBackgroundTaskVisible = true;
         });
 
         // Press Ctrl+B
         pressKey('\x02');
 
         // Should have toggled (shown) the shell
-        expect(mockToggleBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(mockToggleBackgroundTask).toHaveBeenCalled();
         // Should be focused
         expect(capturedUIState.embeddedShellFocused).toBe(true);
 

packages/cli/src/ui/AppContainer.tsx

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ import { computeTerminalTitle } from '../utils/windowTitle.js';
 import { useTextBuffer } from './components/shared/text-buffer.js';
 import { useLogger } from './hooks/useLogger.js';
 import { useGeminiStream } from './hooks/useGeminiStream.js';
-import { type BackgroundShell } from './hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import { type BackgroundTask } from './hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 import { useVim } from './hooks/vim.js';
 import { type LoadableSettingScope, SettingScope } from '../config/settings.js';
 import { type InitializationResult } from '../core/initializer.js';
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ import { useInputHistoryStore } from './hooks/useInputHistoryStore.js';
 import { useBanner } from './hooks/useBanner.js';
 import { useTerminalSetupPrompt } from './utils/terminalSetup.js';
 import { useHookDisplayState } from './hooks/useHookDisplayState.js';
-import { useBackgroundShellManager } from './hooks/useBackgroundShellManager.js';
+import { useBackgroundTaskManager } from './hooks/useBackgroundTaskManager.js';
 import {
   WARNING_PROMPT_DURATION_MS,
   QUEUE_ERROR_DISPLAY_DURATION_MS,
@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@ import { useSuspend } from './hooks/useSuspend.js';
 import { useRunEventNotifications } from './hooks/useRunEventNotifications.js';
 import { isNotificationsEnabled } from '../utils/terminalNotifications.js';
 import {
+  getLastTurnToolCallIds,
   isToolExecuting,
   isToolAwaitingConfirmation,
   getAllToolCalls,
@@ -232,12 +233,45 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
   );
   const [copyModeEnabled, setCopyModeEnabled] = useState(false);
   const [pendingRestorePrompt, setPendingRestorePrompt] = useState(false);
-  const toggleBackgroundShellRef = useRef<() => void>(() => {});
-  const isBackgroundShellVisibleRef = useRef<boolean>(false);
-  const backgroundShellsRef = useRef<Map<number, BackgroundShell>>(new Map());
+  const toggleBackgroundTasksRef = useRef<() => void>(() => {});
+  const isBackgroundTaskVisibleRef = useRef<boolean>(false);
+  const backgroundTasksRef = useRef<Map<number, BackgroundTask>>(new Map());
 
   const [adminSettingsChanged, setAdminSettingsChanged] = useState(false);
 
+  const [expandedTools, setExpandedTools] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
+
+  const toggleExpansion = useCallback((callId: string) => {
+    setExpandedTools((prev) => {
+      const next = new Set(prev);
+      if (next.has(callId)) {
+        next.delete(callId);
+      } else {
+        next.add(callId);
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, []);
+
+  const toggleAllExpansion = useCallback((callIds: string[]) => {
+    setExpandedTools((prev) => {
+      const next = new Set(prev);
+      const anyCollapsed = callIds.some((id) => !next.has(id));
+
+      if (anyCollapsed) {
+        callIds.forEach((id) => next.add(id));
+      } else {
+        callIds.forEach((id) => next.delete(id));
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, []);
+
+  const isExpanded = useCallback(
+    (callId: string) => expandedTools.has(callId),
+    [expandedTools],
+  );
+
   const [shellModeActive, setShellModeActive] = useState(false);
   const [modelSwitchedFromQuotaError, setModelSwitchedFromQuotaError] =
     useState<boolean>(false);
@@ -454,7 +488,7 @@ export const AppContainer = (props: AppContainerProps) => {
 
       // Kill all background shells
       await Promise.all(
-        Array.from(backgroundShellsRef.current.keys()).map((pid) =>
+        Array.from(backgroundTasksRef.current.keys()).map((pid) =>
           ShellExecutionService.kill(pid),
         ),
       );
@@ -865,7 +899,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
 
   const { toggleVimEnabled } = useVimMode();
 
-  const setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef = useRef<(open: boolean) => void>(
+  const setIsBackgroundTaskListOpenRef = useRef<(open: boolean) => void>(
     () => {},
   );
   const [shortcutsHelpVisible, setShortcutsHelpVisible] = useState(false);
@@ -900,14 +934,14 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       toggleDebugProfiler,
       dispatchExtensionStateUpdate,
       addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest,
-      toggleBackgroundShell: () => {
-        toggleBackgroundShellRef.current();
-        if (!isBackgroundShellVisibleRef.current) {
+      toggleBackgroundTasks: () => {
+        toggleBackgroundTasksRef.current();
+        if (!isBackgroundTaskVisibleRef.current) {
           setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
-          if (backgroundShellsRef.current.size > 1) {
-            setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef.current(true);
+          if (backgroundTasksRef.current.size > 1) {
+            setIsBackgroundTaskListOpenRef.current(true);
           } else {
-            setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef.current(false);
+            setIsBackgroundTaskListOpenRef.current(false);
           }
         }
       },
@@ -993,6 +1027,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
 
       if (config.isJitContextEnabled()) {
         await config.getContextManager()?.refresh();
+        config.updateSystemInstructionIfInitialized();
         flattenedMemory = flattenMemory(config.getUserMemory());
         fileCount = config.getGeminiMdFileCount();
       } else {
@@ -1079,7 +1114,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const hintListener = (text: string, source: InjectionSource) => {
-      if (source !== 'user_steering') {
+      if (source !== 'user_steering' && source !== 'background_completion') {
         return;
       }
       pendingHintsRef.current.push(text);
@@ -1103,12 +1138,12 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     activePtyId,
     loopDetectionConfirmationRequest,
     lastOutputTime,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    isBackgroundShellVisible,
-    toggleBackgroundShell,
-    backgroundCurrentShell,
-    backgroundShells,
-    dismissBackgroundShell,
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+    toggleBackgroundTasks,
+    backgroundCurrentExecution,
+    backgroundTasks,
+    dismissBackgroundTask,
     retryStatus,
   } = useGeminiStream(
     config.getGeminiClient(),
@@ -1137,32 +1172,27 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     [pendingSlashCommandHistoryItems, pendingGeminiHistoryItems],
   );
 
-  const hasPendingToolConfirmation = useMemo(
-    () => isToolAwaitingConfirmation(pendingHistoryItems),
-    [pendingHistoryItems],
-  );
-
-  toggleBackgroundShellRef.current = toggleBackgroundShell;
-  isBackgroundShellVisibleRef.current = isBackgroundShellVisible;
-  backgroundShellsRef.current = backgroundShells;
+  toggleBackgroundTasksRef.current = toggleBackgroundTasks;
+  isBackgroundTaskVisibleRef.current = isBackgroundTaskVisible;
+  backgroundTasksRef.current = backgroundTasks;
 
   const {
-    activeBackgroundShellPid,
-    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
-    isBackgroundShellListOpen,
-    setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
-    backgroundShellHeight,
-  } = useBackgroundShellManager({
-    backgroundShells,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    isBackgroundShellVisible,
+    activeBackgroundTaskPid,
+    setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
+    isBackgroundTaskListOpen,
+    setActiveBackgroundTaskPid,
+    backgroundTaskHeight,
+  } = useBackgroundTaskManager({
+    backgroundTasks,
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible,
     activePtyId,
     embeddedShellFocused,
     setEmbeddedShellFocused,
     terminalHeight,
   });
 
-  setIsBackgroundShellListOpenRef.current = setIsBackgroundShellListOpen;
+  setIsBackgroundTaskListOpenRef.current = setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen;
 
   const lastOutputTimeRef = useRef(0);
 
@@ -1434,7 +1464,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   // Compute available terminal height based on stable controls measurement
   const availableTerminalHeight = Math.max(
     0,
-    terminalHeight - stableControlsHeight - backgroundShellHeight - 1,
+    terminalHeight - stableControlsHeight - backgroundTaskHeight - 1,
   );
 
   config.setShellExecutionConfig({
@@ -1727,13 +1757,25 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
         return true;
       }
 
+      const toggleLastTurnTools = () => {
+        triggerExpandHint(true);
+
+        const targetToolCallIds = getLastTurnToolCallIds(
+          historyManager.history,
+          pendingHistoryItems,
+        );
+
+        if (targetToolCallIds.length > 0) {
+          toggleAllExpansion(targetToolCallIds);
+        }
+      };
+
       let enteringConstrainHeightMode = false;
       if (!constrainHeight) {
         enteringConstrainHeightMode = true;
         setConstrainHeight(true);
         if (keyMatchers[Command.SHOW_MORE_LINES](key)) {
-          // If the user manually collapses the view, show the hint and reset the x-second timer.
-          triggerExpandHint(true);
+          toggleLastTurnTools();
         }
         if (!isAlternateBuffer) {
           refreshStatic();
@@ -1781,16 +1823,13 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
         !enteringConstrainHeightMode
       ) {
         setConstrainHeight(false);
-        // If the user manually expands the view, show the hint and reset the x-second timer.
-        triggerExpandHint(true);
-        if (!isAlternateBuffer) {
-          refreshStatic();
-        }
+        toggleLastTurnTools();
+        refreshStatic();
         return true;
       } else if (
         (keyMatchers[Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT](key) ||
           keyMatchers[Command.UNFOCUS_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) &&
-        (activePtyId || (isBackgroundShellVisible && backgroundShells.size > 0))
+        (activePtyId || (isBackgroundTaskVisible && backgroundTasks.size > 0))
       ) {
         if (embeddedShellFocused) {
           const capturedTime = lastOutputTimeRef.current;
@@ -1811,12 +1850,12 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
 
         const isIdle = Date.now() - lastOutputTimeRef.current >= 100;
 
-        if (isIdle && !activePtyId && !isBackgroundShellVisible) {
+        if (isIdle && !activePtyId && !isBackgroundTaskVisible) {
           if (tabFocusTimeoutRef.current)
             clearTimeout(tabFocusTimeoutRef.current);
-          toggleBackgroundShell();
+          toggleBackgroundTasks();
           setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
-          if (backgroundShells.size > 1) setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+          if (backgroundTasks.size > 1) setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(true);
           return true;
         }
 
@@ -1833,15 +1872,15 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
         return false;
       } else if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
         if (activePtyId) {
-          backgroundCurrentShell();
+          backgroundCurrentExecution();
           // After backgrounding, we explicitly do NOT show or focus the background UI.
         } else {
-          toggleBackgroundShell();
+          toggleBackgroundTasks();
           // Toggle focus based on intent: if we were hiding, unfocus; if showing, focus.
-          if (!isBackgroundShellVisible && backgroundShells.size > 0) {
+          if (!isBackgroundTaskVisible && backgroundTasks.size > 0) {
             setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
-            if (backgroundShells.size > 1) {
-              setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+            if (backgroundTasks.size > 1) {
+              setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(true);
             }
           } else {
             setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
@@ -1849,11 +1888,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
         }
         return true;
       } else if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) {
-        if (backgroundShells.size > 0 && isBackgroundShellVisible) {
+        if (backgroundTasks.size > 0 && isBackgroundTaskVisible) {
           if (!embeddedShellFocused) {
             setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
           }
-          setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+          setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(true);
         }
         return true;
       }
@@ -1878,11 +1917,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       tabFocusTimeoutRef,
       isAlternateBuffer,
       shortcutsHelpVisible,
-      backgroundCurrentShell,
-      toggleBackgroundShell,
-      backgroundShells,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible,
-      setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+      backgroundCurrentExecution,
+      toggleBackgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTasks,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+      setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
       lastOutputTimeRef,
       showTransientMessage,
       settings.merged.general.devtools,
@@ -1890,6 +1929,9 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       triggerExpandHint,
       keyMatchers,
       isHelpDismissKey,
+      historyManager.history,
+      pendingHistoryItems,
+      toggleAllExpansion,
     ],
   );
 
@@ -2033,6 +2075,11 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
     authState === AuthState.AwaitingApiKeyInput ||
     !!newAgents;
 
+  const hasPendingToolConfirmation = useMemo(
+    () => isToolAwaitingConfirmation(pendingHistoryItems),
+    [pendingHistoryItems],
+  );
+
   const hasConfirmUpdateExtensionRequests =
     confirmUpdateExtensionRequests.length > 0;
   const hasLoopDetectionConfirmationRequest =
@@ -2055,7 +2102,7 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
   const showStatusWit = loadingPhrases === 'witty' || loadingPhrases === 'all';
 
   const showLoadingIndicator =
-    (!embeddedShellFocused || isBackgroundShellVisible) &&
+    (!embeddedShellFocused || isBackgroundTaskVisible) &&
     streamingState === StreamingState.Responding &&
     !hasPendingActionRequired;
 
@@ -2313,8 +2360,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       isRestarting,
       extensionsUpdateState,
       activePtyId,
-      backgroundShellCount,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible,
+      backgroundTaskCount,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible,
       embeddedShellFocused,
       showDebugProfiler,
       customDialog,
@@ -2324,10 +2371,10 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       bannerVisible,
       terminalBackgroundColor: config.getTerminalBackground(),
       settingsNonce,
-      backgroundShells,
-      activeBackgroundShellPid,
-      backgroundShellHeight,
-      isBackgroundShellListOpen,
+      backgroundTasks,
+      activeBackgroundTaskPid,
+      backgroundTaskHeight,
+      isBackgroundTaskListOpen,
       adminSettingsChanged,
       newAgents,
       showIsExpandableHint,
@@ -2436,8 +2483,8 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       currentModel,
       extensionsUpdateState,
       activePtyId,
-      backgroundShellCount,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible,
+      backgroundTaskCount,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible,
       historyManager,
       embeddedShellFocused,
       showDebugProfiler,
@@ -2450,10 +2497,10 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       bannerVisible,
       config,
       settingsNonce,
-      backgroundShellHeight,
-      isBackgroundShellListOpen,
-      activeBackgroundShellPid,
-      backgroundShells,
+      backgroundTaskHeight,
+      isBackgroundTaskListOpen,
+      activeBackgroundTaskPid,
+      backgroundTasks,
       adminSettingsChanged,
       newAgents,
       showIsExpandableHint,
@@ -2513,9 +2560,9 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       revealCleanUiDetailsTemporarily,
       handleWarning,
       setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      dismissBackgroundShell,
-      setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
-      setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+      dismissBackgroundTask,
+      setActiveBackgroundTaskPid,
+      setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
       setAuthContext,
       onHintInput: () => {},
       onHintBackspace: () => {},
@@ -2605,9 +2652,9 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
       revealCleanUiDetailsTemporarily,
       handleWarning,
       setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      dismissBackgroundShell,
-      setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
-      setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+      dismissBackgroundTask,
+      setActiveBackgroundTaskPid,
+      setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
       setAuthContext,
       setAccountSuspensionInfo,
       newAgents,
@@ -2639,7 +2686,13 @@ Logging in with Google... Restarting Gemini CLI to continue.
               startupWarnings: props.startupWarnings || [],
             }}
           >
-            <ToolActionsProvider config={config} toolCalls={allToolCalls}>
+            <ToolActionsProvider
+              config={config}
+              toolCalls={allToolCalls}
+              isExpanded={isExpanded}
+              toggleExpansion={toggleExpansion}
+              toggleAllExpansion={toggleAllExpansion}
+            >
               <ShellFocusContext.Provider value={isFocused}>
                 <App key={`app-${forceRerenderKey}`} />
               </ShellFocusContext.Provider>

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/chatCommand.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ const listCommand: SlashCommand = {
   description: 'List saved manual conversation checkpoints',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
+  takesArgs: false,
   action: async (context): Promise<void> => {
     const chatDetails = await getSavedChatTags(context, false);
 
@@ -406,14 +407,24 @@ export const chatResumeSubCommands: SlashCommand[] = [
   checkpointCompatibilityCommand,
 ];
 
+import { parseSlashCommand } from '../../utils/commands.js';
+
 export const chatCommand: SlashCommand = {
   name: 'chat',
   description: 'Browse auto-saved conversations and manage chat checkpoints',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
-  action: async () => ({
-    type: 'dialog',
-    dialog: 'sessionBrowser',
-  }),
+  action: async (context, args) => {
+    if (args) {
+      const parsed = parseSlashCommand(`/${args}`, chatResumeSubCommands);
+      if (parsed.commandToExecute?.action) {
+        return parsed.commandToExecute.action(context, parsed.args);
+      }
+    }
+    return {
+      type: 'dialog',
+      dialog: 'sessionBrowser',
+    };
+  },
   subCommands: chatResumeSubCommands,
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/extensionsCommand.ts

@@ -789,6 +789,7 @@ const listExtensionsCommand: SlashCommand = {
   description: 'List active extensions',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
+  takesArgs: false,
   action: listAction,
 };
 
@@ -849,6 +850,7 @@ const exploreExtensionsCommand: SlashCommand = {
   description: 'Open extensions page in your browser',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
+  takesArgs: false,
   action: exploreAction,
 };
 
@@ -870,6 +872,8 @@ const configCommand: SlashCommand = {
   action: configAction,
 };
 
+import { parseSlashCommand } from '../../utils/commands.js';
+
 export function extensionsCommand(
   enableExtensionReloading?: boolean,
 ): SlashCommand {
@@ -883,20 +887,29 @@ export function extensionsCommand(
         configCommand,
       ]
     : [];
+  const subCommands = [
+    listExtensionsCommand,
+    updateExtensionsCommand,
+    exploreExtensionsCommand,
+    reloadCommand,
+    ...conditionalCommands,
+  ];
+
   return {
     name: 'extensions',
     description: 'Manage extensions',
     kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
     autoExecute: false,
-    subCommands: [
-      listExtensionsCommand,
-      updateExtensionsCommand,
-      exploreExtensionsCommand,
-      reloadCommand,
-      ...conditionalCommands,
-    ],
-    action: (context, args) =>
+    subCommands,
+    action: async (context, args) => {
+      if (args) {
+        const parsed = parseSlashCommand(`/${args}`, subCommands);
+        if (parsed.commandToExecute?.action) {
+          return parsed.commandToExecute.action(context, parsed.args);
+        }
+      }
       // Default to list if no subcommand is provided
-      listExtensionsCommand.action!(context, args),
+      return listExtensionsCommand.action!(context, args);
+    },
   };
 }

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/mcpCommand.test.ts

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import {
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
 import type { CallableTool } from '@google/genai';
-import { MessageType } from '../types.js';
+import { MessageType, type HistoryItemMcpStatus } from '../types.js';
 
 vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
   const actual =
@@ -280,5 +280,41 @@ describe('mcpCommand', () => {
         }),
       );
     });
+
+    it('should filter servers by name when an argument is provided to list', async () => {
+      await mcpCommand.action!(mockContext, 'list server1');
+
+      expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          type: MessageType.MCP_STATUS,
+          servers: expect.objectContaining({
+            server1: expect.any(Object),
+          }),
+        }),
+      );
+
+      // Should NOT contain server2 or server3
+      const call = vi.mocked(mockContext.ui.addItem).mock
+        .calls[0][0] as HistoryItemMcpStatus;
+      expect(Object.keys(call.servers)).toEqual(['server1']);
+    });
+
+    it('should filter servers by name and show descriptions when an argument is provided to desc', async () => {
+      await mcpCommand.action!(mockContext, 'desc server2');
+
+      expect(mockContext.ui.addItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          type: MessageType.MCP_STATUS,
+          showDescriptions: true,
+          servers: expect.objectContaining({
+            server2: expect.any(Object),
+          }),
+        }),
+      );
+
+      const call = vi.mocked(mockContext.ui.addItem).mock
+        .calls[0][0] as HistoryItemMcpStatus;
+      expect(Object.keys(call.servers)).toEqual(['server2']);
+    });
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/mcpCommand.ts

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import {
   canLoadServer,
 } from '../../config/mcp/mcpServerEnablement.js';
 import { loadSettings } from '../../config/settings.js';
+import { parseSlashCommand } from '../../utils/commands.js';
 
 const authCommand: SlashCommand = {
   name: 'auth',
@@ -177,6 +178,7 @@ const listAction = async (
   context: CommandContext,
   showDescriptions = false,
   showSchema = false,
+  serverNameFilter?: string,
 ): Promise<void | MessageActionReturn> => {
   const agentContext = context.services.agentContext;
   const config = agentContext?.config;
@@ -199,11 +201,25 @@ const listAction = async (
     };
   }
 
-  const mcpServers = config.getMcpClientManager()?.getMcpServers() || {};
-  const serverNames = Object.keys(mcpServers);
+  let mcpServers = config.getMcpClientManager()?.getMcpServers() || {};
   const blockedMcpServers =
     config.getMcpClientManager()?.getBlockedMcpServers() || [];
 
+  if (serverNameFilter) {
+    const filter = serverNameFilter.trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (filter) {
+      mcpServers = Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(mcpServers).filter(
+          ([name]) =>
+            name.toLowerCase().includes(filter) ||
+            normalizeServerId(name).includes(filter),
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  const serverNames = Object.keys(mcpServers);
+
   const connectingServers = serverNames.filter(
     (name) => getMCPServerStatus(name) === MCPServerStatus.CONNECTING,
   );
@@ -306,7 +322,7 @@ const listCommand: SlashCommand = {
   description: 'List configured MCP servers and tools',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
-  action: (context) => listAction(context),
+  action: (context, args) => listAction(context, false, false, args),
 };
 
 const descCommand: SlashCommand = {
@@ -315,7 +331,7 @@ const descCommand: SlashCommand = {
   description: 'List configured MCP servers and tools with descriptions',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
-  action: (context) => listAction(context, true),
+  action: (context, args) => listAction(context, true, false, args),
 };
 
 const schemaCommand: SlashCommand = {
@@ -324,7 +340,7 @@ const schemaCommand: SlashCommand = {
     'List configured MCP servers and tools with descriptions and schemas',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
-  action: (context) => listAction(context, true, true),
+  action: (context, args) => listAction(context, true, true, args),
 };
 
 const reloadCommand: SlashCommand = {
@@ -333,6 +349,7 @@ const reloadCommand: SlashCommand = {
   description: 'Reloads MCP servers',
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
   autoExecute: true,
+  takesArgs: false,
   action: async (
     context: CommandContext,
   ): Promise<void | SlashCommandActionReturn> => {
@@ -530,5 +547,18 @@ export const mcpCommand: SlashCommand = {
     enableCommand,
     disableCommand,
   ],
-  action: async (context: CommandContext) => listAction(context),
+  action: async (
+    context: CommandContext,
+    args: string,
+  ): Promise<void | SlashCommandActionReturn> => {
+    if (args) {
+      const parsed = parseSlashCommand(`/${args}`, mcpCommand.subCommands!);
+      if (parsed.commandToExecute?.action) {
+        return parsed.commandToExecute.action(context, parsed.args);
+      }
+      // If no subcommand matches, treat the whole args as a filter for list
+      return listAction(context, false, false, args);
+    }
+    return listAction(context);
+  },
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/planCommand.test.ts

@@ -104,6 +104,47 @@ describe('planCommand', () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it('should not return a submit_prompt action if arguments are empty', async () => {
+    vi.mocked(
+      mockContext.services.agentContext!.config.isPlanEnabled,
+    ).mockReturnValue(true);
+    mockContext.invocation = {
+      raw: '/plan',
+      name: 'plan',
+      args: '',
+    };
+
+    if (!planCommand.action) throw new Error('Action missing');
+    const result = await planCommand.action(mockContext, '');
+
+    expect(result).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(
+      mockContext.services.agentContext!.config.setApprovalMode,
+    ).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ApprovalMode.PLAN);
+  });
+
+  it('should return a submit_prompt action if arguments are provided', async () => {
+    vi.mocked(
+      mockContext.services.agentContext!.config.isPlanEnabled,
+    ).mockReturnValue(true);
+    mockContext.invocation = {
+      raw: '/plan implement auth',
+      name: 'plan',
+      args: 'implement auth',
+    };
+
+    if (!planCommand.action) throw new Error('Action missing');
+    const result = await planCommand.action(mockContext, 'implement auth');
+
+    expect(result).toEqual({
+      type: 'submit_prompt',
+      content: 'implement auth',
+    });
+    expect(
+      mockContext.services.agentContext!.config.setApprovalMode,
+    ).toHaveBeenCalledWith(ApprovalMode.PLAN);
+  });
+
   it('should display the approved plan from config', async () => {
     const mockPlanPath = '/mock/plans/dir/approved-plan.md';
     vi.mocked(

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/planCommand.ts

@@ -66,6 +66,13 @@ export const planCommand: SlashCommand = {
       coreEvents.emitFeedback('info', 'Switched to Plan Mode.');
     }
 
+    if (context.invocation?.args) {
+      return {
+        type: 'submit_prompt',
+        content: context.invocation.args,
+      };
+    }
+
     const approvedPlanPath = config.getApprovedPlanPath();
 
     if (!approvedPlanPath) {
@@ -86,12 +93,14 @@ export const planCommand: SlashCommand = {
         type: MessageType.GEMINI,
         text: partToString(content.llmContent),
       });
+      return;
     } catch (error) {
       coreEvents.emitFeedback(
         'error',
         `Failed to read approved plan at ${approvedPlanPath}: ${error}`,
         error,
       );
+      return;
     }
   },
   subCommands: [
@@ -100,6 +109,7 @@ export const planCommand: SlashCommand = {
       description: 'Copy the currently approved plan to your clipboard',
       kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
       autoExecute: true,
+      takesArgs: false,
       action: copyAction,
     },
   ],

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/shellsCommand.test.ts

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * @license
- * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
- */
-
-import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
-import { shellsCommand } from './shellsCommand.js';
-import type { CommandContext } from './types.js';
-
-describe('shellsCommand', () => {
-  it('should call toggleBackgroundShell', async () => {
-    const toggleBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
-    const context = {
-      ui: {
-        toggleBackgroundShell,
-      },
-    } as unknown as CommandContext;
-
-    if (shellsCommand.action) {
-      await shellsCommand.action(context, '');
-    }
-
-    expect(toggleBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalled();
-  });
-
-  it('should have correct name and altNames', () => {
-    expect(shellsCommand.name).toBe('shells');
-    expect(shellsCommand.altNames).toContain('bashes');
-  });
-
-  it('should auto-execute', () => {
-    expect(shellsCommand.autoExecute).toBe(true);
-  });
-});

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/skillsCommand.ts

@@ -357,6 +357,8 @@ function enableCompletion(
     .map((s) => s.name);
 }
 
+import { parseSlashCommand } from '../../utils/commands.js';
+
 export const skillsCommand: SlashCommand = {
   name: 'skills',
   description:
@@ -402,5 +404,13 @@ export const skillsCommand: SlashCommand = {
       action: reloadAction,
     },
   ],
-  action: listAction,
+  action: async (context, args) => {
+    if (args) {
+      const parsed = parseSlashCommand(`/${args}`, skillsCommand.subCommands!);
+      if (parsed.commandToExecute?.action) {
+        return parsed.commandToExecute.action(context, parsed.args);
+      }
+    }
+    return listAction(context, args);
+  },
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/tasksCommand.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { tasksCommand } from './tasksCommand.js';
+import type { CommandContext } from './types.js';
+
+describe('tasksCommand', () => {
+  it('should call toggleBackgroundTasks', async () => {
+    const toggleBackgroundTasks = vi.fn();
+    const context = {
+      ui: {
+        toggleBackgroundTasks,
+      },
+    } as unknown as CommandContext;
+
+    if (tasksCommand.action) {
+      await tasksCommand.action(context, '');
+    }
+
+    expect(toggleBackgroundTasks).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should have correct name and altNames', () => {
+    expect(tasksCommand.name).toBe('tasks');
+    expect(tasksCommand.altNames).toContain('bg');
+    expect(tasksCommand.altNames).toContain('background');
+  });
+
+  it('should auto-execute', () => {
+    expect(tasksCommand.autoExecute).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/tasksCommand.ts

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@
 
 import { CommandKind, type SlashCommand } from './types.js';
 
-export const shellsCommand: SlashCommand = {
-  name: 'shells',
-  altNames: ['bashes'],
+export const tasksCommand: SlashCommand = {
+  name: 'tasks',
+  altNames: ['bg', 'background'],
   kind: CommandKind.BUILT_IN,
-  description: 'Toggle background shells view',
+  description: 'Toggle background tasks view',
   autoExecute: true,
   action: async (context) => {
-    context.ui.toggleBackgroundShell();
+    context.ui.toggleBackgroundTasks();
   },
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/commands/types.ts

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export interface CommandContext {
      */
     setConfirmationRequest: (value: ConfirmationRequest) => void;
     removeComponent: () => void;
-    toggleBackgroundShell: () => void;
+    toggleBackgroundTasks: () => void;
     toggleShortcutsHelp: () => void;
   };
   // Session-specific data
@@ -240,5 +240,14 @@ export interface SlashCommand {
    */
   showCompletionLoading?: boolean;
 
+  /**
+   * Whether the command expects arguments.
+   * If false, and the command is a subcommand, the command parser may treat
+   * any following text as arguments for the parent command instead of this subcommand,
+   * provided the parent command has an action.
+   * Defaults to true.
+   */
+  takesArgs?: boolean;
+
   subCommands?: SlashCommand[];
 }

packages/cli/src/ui/components/BackgroundTaskDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 
 import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest';
-import { BackgroundShellDisplay } from './BackgroundShellDisplay.js';
-import { type BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import { BackgroundTaskDisplay } from './BackgroundTaskDisplay.js';
+import { type BackgroundTask } from '../hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 import { ShellExecutionService } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { act } from 'react';
 import { type Key, type KeypressHandler } from '../contexts/KeypressContext.js';
@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ import { ScrollProvider } from '../contexts/ScrollProvider.js';
 import { Box } from 'ink';
 
 // Mock dependencies
-const mockDismissBackgroundShell = vi.fn();
-const mockSetActiveBackgroundShellPid = vi.fn();
-const mockSetIsBackgroundShellListOpen = vi.fn();
+const mockDismissBackgroundTask = vi.fn();
+const mockSetActiveBackgroundTaskPid = vi.fn();
+const mockSetIsBackgroundTaskListOpen = vi.fn();
 
 vi.mock('../contexts/UIActionsContext.js', () => ({
   useUIActions: () => ({
-    dismissBackgroundShell: mockDismissBackgroundShell,
-    setActiveBackgroundShellPid: mockSetActiveBackgroundShellPid,
-    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen: mockSetIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+    dismissBackgroundTask: mockDismissBackgroundTask,
+    setActiveBackgroundTaskPid: mockSetActiveBackgroundTaskPid,
+    setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen: mockSetIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
   }),
 }));
 
@@ -86,14 +86,14 @@ vi.mock('./shared/ScrollableList.js', () => ({
       data,
       renderItem,
     }: {
-      data: BackgroundShell[];
+      data: BackgroundTask[];
       renderItem: (props: {
-        item: BackgroundShell;
+        item: BackgroundTask;
         index: number;
       }) => React.ReactNode;
     }) => (
       <Box flexDirection="column">
-        {data.map((item: BackgroundShell, index: number) => (
+        {data.map((item: BackgroundTask, index: number) => (
           <Box key={index}>{renderItem({ item, index })}</Box>
         ))}
       </Box>
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ const createMockKey = (overrides: Partial<Key>): Key => ({
   ...overrides,
 });
 
-describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
-  const mockShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>();
-  const shell1: BackgroundShell = {
+describe('<BackgroundTaskDisplay />', () => {
+  const mockShells = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>();
+  const shell1: BackgroundTask = {
     pid: 1001,
     command: 'npm start',
     output: 'Starting server...',
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     binaryBytesReceived: 0,
     status: 'running',
   };
-  const shell2: BackgroundShell = {
+  const shell2: BackgroundTask = {
     pid: 1002,
     command: 'tail -f log.txt',
     output: 'Log entry 1',
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 100;
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { rerender, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
 
     rerender(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={100}
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -287,13 +287,13 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
       simulateKey({ name: 'down' });
     });
 
-    // Simulate Ctrl+L (handled by BackgroundShellDisplay)
+    // Simulate Ctrl+L (handled by BackgroundTaskDisplay)
     await act(async () => {
       simulateKey({ name: 'l', ctrl: true });
     });
 
-    expect(mockSetActiveBackgroundShellPid).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell2.pid);
-    expect(mockSetIsBackgroundShellListOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
+    expect(mockSetActiveBackgroundTaskPid).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell2.pid);
+    expect(mockSetIsBackgroundTaskListOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
     unmount();
   });
 
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
       simulateKey({ name: 'k', ctrl: true });
     });
 
-    expect(mockDismissBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell2.pid);
+    expect(mockDismissBackgroundTask).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell2.pid);
     unmount();
   });
 
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell1.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
       simulateKey({ name: 'k', ctrl: true });
     });
 
-    expect(mockDismissBackgroundShell).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell1.pid);
+    expect(mockDismissBackgroundTask).toHaveBeenCalledWith(shell1.pid);
     unmount();
   });
 
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={shell2.pid}
           width={width}
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
   });
 
   it('keeps exit code status color even when selected', async () => {
-    const exitedShell: BackgroundShell = {
+    const exitedShell: BackgroundTask = {
       pid: 1003,
       command: 'exit 0',
       output: '',
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ describe('<BackgroundShellDisplay />', () => {
     const width = 80;
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(
       <ScrollProvider>
-        <BackgroundShellDisplay
+        <BackgroundTaskDisplay
           shells={mockShells}
           activePid={exitedShell.pid}
           width={width}

packages/cli/src/ui/components/BackgroundTaskDisplay.tsx

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import {
   type AnsiToken,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { cpLen, cpSlice, getCachedStringWidth } from '../utils/textUtils.js';
-import { type BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import { type BackgroundTask } from '../hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 import { Command } from '../key/keyMatchers.js';
 import { useKeypress } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { formatCommand } from '../key/keybindingUtils.js';
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ import {
 } from './shared/RadioButtonSelect.js';
 import { useKeyMatchers } from '../hooks/useKeyMatchers.js';
 
-interface BackgroundShellDisplayProps {
-  shells: Map<number, BackgroundShell>;
+interface BackgroundTaskDisplayProps {
+  shells: Map<number, BackgroundTask>;
   activePid: number;
   width: number;
   height: number;
@@ -61,19 +61,19 @@ const formatShellCommandForDisplay = (command: string, maxWidth: number) => {
     : commandFirstLine;
 };
 
-export const BackgroundShellDisplay = ({
+export const BackgroundTaskDisplay = ({
   shells,
   activePid,
   width,
   height,
   isFocused,
   isListOpenProp,
-}: BackgroundShellDisplayProps) => {
+}: BackgroundTaskDisplayProps) => {
   const keyMatchers = useKeyMatchers();
   const {
-    dismissBackgroundShell,
-    setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
-    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
+    dismissBackgroundTask,
+    setActiveBackgroundTaskPid,
+    setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
   } = useUIActions();
   const activeShell = shells.get(activePid);
   const [output, setOutput] = useState<string | AnsiOutput>(
@@ -152,13 +152,13 @@ export const BackgroundShellDisplay = ({
         // RadioButtonSelect handles Enter -> onSelect
 
         if (keyMatchers[Command.BACKGROUND_SHELL_ESCAPE](key)) {
-          setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
+          setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(false);
           return true;
         }
 
         if (keyMatchers[Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
           if (highlightedPid) {
-            void dismissBackgroundShell(highlightedPid);
+            void dismissBackgroundTask(highlightedPid);
             // If we killed the active one, the list might update via props
           }
           return true;
@@ -166,9 +166,9 @@ export const BackgroundShellDisplay = ({
 
         if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) {
           if (highlightedPid) {
-            setActiveBackgroundShellPid(highlightedPid);
+            setActiveBackgroundTaskPid(highlightedPid);
           }
-          setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
+          setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(false);
           return true;
         }
         return false;
@@ -179,12 +179,12 @@ export const BackgroundShellDisplay = ({
       }
 
       if (keyMatchers[Command.KILL_BACKGROUND_SHELL](key)) {
-        void dismissBackgroundShell(activeShell.pid);
+        void dismissBackgroundTask(activeShell.pid);
         return true;
       }
 
       if (keyMatchers[Command.TOGGLE_BACKGROUND_SHELL_LIST](key)) {
-        setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
+        setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(true);
         return true;
       }
 
@@ -339,8 +339,8 @@ export const BackgroundShellDisplay = ({
             items={items}
             initialIndex={initialIndex >= 0 ? initialIndex : 0}
             onSelect={(pid) => {
-              setActiveBackgroundShellPid(pid);
-              setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
+              setActiveBackgroundTaskPid(pid);
+              setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(false);
             }}
             onHighlight={(pid) => setHighlightedPid(pid)}
             isFocused={isFocused}

packages/cli/src/ui/components/Composer.test.tsx

@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ const createMockUIState = (overrides: Partial<UIState> = {}): UIState =>
     nightly: false,
     isTrustedFolder: true,
     activeHooks: [],
-    isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
     embeddedShellFocused: false,
     showIsExpandableHint: false,
     quota: {
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ describe('Composer', () => {
       const uiState = createMockUIState({
         streamingState: StreamingState.Responding,
         embeddedShellFocused: true,
-        isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
+        isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
       });
 
       const { lastFrame } = await renderComposer(uiState);
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ describe('Composer', () => {
       const uiState = createMockUIState({
         streamingState: StreamingState.Responding,
         embeddedShellFocused: true,
-        isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
+        isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
       });
 
       const { lastFrame } = await renderComposer(uiState);

packages/cli/src/ui/components/DetailedMessagesDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -35,10 +35,7 @@ vi.mock('./shared/ScrollableList.js', () => ({
 
 describe('DetailedMessagesDisplay', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
-    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue({
-      consoleMessages: [],
-      clearConsoleMessages: vi.fn(),
-    });
+    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue([]);
   });
   it('renders nothing when messages are empty', async () => {
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
@@ -58,10 +55,7 @@ describe('DetailedMessagesDisplay', () => {
       { type: 'error', content: 'Error message', count: 1 },
       { type: 'debug', content: 'Debug message', count: 1 },
     ];
-    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue({
-      consoleMessages: messages,
-      clearConsoleMessages: vi.fn(),
-    });
+    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue(messages);
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
       <DetailedMessagesDisplay maxHeight={20} width={80} hasFocus={true} />,
@@ -79,10 +73,7 @@ describe('DetailedMessagesDisplay', () => {
     const messages: ConsoleMessageItem[] = [
       { type: 'error', content: 'Error message', count: 1 },
     ];
-    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue({
-      consoleMessages: messages,
-      clearConsoleMessages: vi.fn(),
-    });
+    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue(messages);
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
       <DetailedMessagesDisplay maxHeight={20} width={80} hasFocus={true} />,
@@ -98,10 +89,7 @@ describe('DetailedMessagesDisplay', () => {
     const messages: ConsoleMessageItem[] = [
       { type: 'error', content: 'Error message', count: 1 },
     ];
-    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue({
-      consoleMessages: messages,
-      clearConsoleMessages: vi.fn(),
-    });
+    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue(messages);
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
       <DetailedMessagesDisplay maxHeight={20} width={80} hasFocus={true} />,
@@ -117,10 +105,7 @@ describe('DetailedMessagesDisplay', () => {
     const messages: ConsoleMessageItem[] = [
       { type: 'log', content: 'Repeated message', count: 5 },
     ];
-    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue({
-      consoleMessages: messages,
-      clearConsoleMessages: vi.fn(),
-    });
+    vi.mocked(useConsoleMessages).mockReturnValue(messages);
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
       <DetailedMessagesDisplay maxHeight={10} width={80} hasFocus={false} />,

packages/cli/src/ui/components/DetailedMessagesDisplay.tsx

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export const DetailedMessagesDisplay: React.FC<
 > = ({ maxHeight, width, hasFocus }) => {
   const scrollableListRef = useRef<ScrollableListRef<ConsoleMessageItem>>(null);
 
-  const { consoleMessages } = useConsoleMessages();
+  const consoleMessages = useConsoleMessages();
   const config = useConfig();
 
   const messages = useMemo(() => {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/HistoryItemDisplay.tsx

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ interface HistoryItemDisplayProps {
   isExpandable?: boolean;
   isFirstThinking?: boolean;
   isFirstAfterThinking?: boolean;
+  suppressNarration?: boolean;
 }
 
 export const HistoryItemDisplay: React.FC<HistoryItemDisplayProps> = ({
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ export const HistoryItemDisplay: React.FC<HistoryItemDisplayProps> = ({
   isExpandable,
   isFirstThinking = false,
   isFirstAfterThinking = false,
+  suppressNarration = false,
 }) => {
   const settings = useSettings();
   const inlineThinkingMode = getInlineThinkingMode(settings);
@@ -68,6 +70,17 @@ export const HistoryItemDisplay: React.FC<HistoryItemDisplayProps> = ({
   const needsTopMarginAfterThinking =
     isFirstAfterThinking && inlineThinkingMode !== 'off';
 
+  // If there's a topic update in this turn, we suppress the regular narration
+  // and thoughts as they are being "replaced" by the update_topic tool.
+  if (
+    suppressNarration &&
+    (itemForDisplay.type === 'thinking' ||
+      itemForDisplay.type === 'gemini' ||
+      itemForDisplay.type === 'gemini_content')
+  ) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
   return (
     <Box
       flexDirection="column"

packages/cli/src/ui/components/InputPrompt.tsx

@@ -232,8 +232,8 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
     terminalWidth,
     activePtyId,
     history,
-    backgroundShells,
-    backgroundShellHeight,
+    backgroundTasks,
+    backgroundTaskHeight,
     shortcutsHelpVisible,
   } = useUIState();
   const [suppressCompletion, setSuppressCompletion] = useState(false);
@@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
       if (keyMatchers[Command.FOCUS_SHELL_INPUT](key)) {
         if (
           activePtyId ||
-          (backgroundShells.size > 0 && backgroundShellHeight > 0)
+          (backgroundTasks.size > 0 && backgroundTaskHeight > 0)
         ) {
           setEmbeddedShellFocused(true);
           return true;
@@ -1325,8 +1325,8 @@ export const InputPrompt: React.FC<InputPromptProps> = ({
       setBannerVisible,
       activePtyId,
       setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      backgroundShells.size,
-      backgroundShellHeight,
+      backgroundTasks.size,
+      backgroundTaskHeight,
       streamingState,
       handleEscPress,
       registerPlainTabPress,

packages/cli/src/ui/components/MainContent.test.tsx

@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ vi.mock('./shared/ScrollableList.js', () => ({
 }));
 
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
-import { type BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellReducer.js';
+import { type BackgroundTask } from '../hooks/shellReducer.js';
 
 describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
-  const mockBackgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>();
+  const mockBackgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>();
   const activeShellPtyId = 123;
 
   it('returns default empty values for non-tool_group items', () => {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       null,
       false,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({ borderColor: '', borderDimColor: false });
   });
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       null,
       false,
       pendingItems,
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       borderColor: theme.border.default,
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       null,
       false,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       borderColor: theme.border.default,
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       null,
       false,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       borderColor: theme.status.warning,
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       activeShellPtyId,
       false,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       borderColor: theme.ui.active,
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       activeShellPtyId,
       true,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       borderColor: theme.ui.focus,
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       activeShellPtyId,
       false,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     expect(result).toEqual({
       borderColor: theme.ui.active,
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ describe('getToolGroupBorderAppearance', () => {
       activeShellPtyId,
       true,
       [],
-      mockBackgroundShells,
+      mockBackgroundTasks,
     );
     // Since there are no tools to inspect, it falls back to empty pending, but isCurrentlyInShellTurn=true
     // so it counts as pending shell.

packages/cli/src/ui/components/MainContent.tsx

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@
 import { Box, Static } from 'ink';
 import { HistoryItemDisplay } from './HistoryItemDisplay.js';
 import { useUIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
+import { useSettings } from '../contexts/SettingsContext.js';
 import { useAppContext } from '../contexts/AppContext.js';
 import { AppHeader } from './AppHeader.js';
+
 import { useAlternateBuffer } from '../hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
 import {
   SCROLL_TO_ITEM_END,
@@ -19,6 +21,7 @@ import { useMemo, memo, useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import { MAX_GEMINI_MESSAGE_LINES } from '../constants.js';
 import { useConfirmingTool } from '../hooks/useConfirmingTool.js';
 import { ToolConfirmationQueue } from './ToolConfirmationQueue.js';
+import { isTopicTool } from './messages/TopicMessage.js';
 
 const MemoizedHistoryItemDisplay = memo(HistoryItemDisplay);
 const MemoizedAppHeader = memo(AppHeader);
@@ -63,12 +66,39 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
     return -1;
   }, [uiState.history]);
 
+  const settings = useSettings();
+  const topicUpdateNarrationEnabled =
+    settings.merged.experimental?.topicUpdateNarration === true;
+
+  const suppressNarrationFlags = useMemo(() => {
+    const combinedHistory = [...uiState.history, ...pendingHistoryItems];
+    const flags = new Array<boolean>(combinedHistory.length).fill(false);
+
+    if (topicUpdateNarrationEnabled) {
+      let toolGroupInTurn = false;
+      for (let i = combinedHistory.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        const item = combinedHistory[i];
+        if (item.type === 'user' || item.type === 'user_shell') {
+          toolGroupInTurn = false;
+        } else if (item.type === 'tool_group') {
+          toolGroupInTurn = item.tools.some((t) => isTopicTool(t.name));
+        } else if (
+          (item.type === 'thinking' ||
+            item.type === 'gemini' ||
+            item.type === 'gemini_content') &&
+          toolGroupInTurn
+        ) {
+          flags[i] = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return flags;
+  }, [uiState.history, pendingHistoryItems, topicUpdateNarrationEnabled]);
+
   const augmentedHistory = useMemo(
     () =>
-      uiState.history.map((item, index) => {
-        const isExpandable = index > lastUserPromptIndex;
-        const prevType =
-          index > 0 ? uiState.history[index - 1]?.type : undefined;
+      uiState.history.map((item, i) => {
+        const prevType = i > 0 ? uiState.history[i - 1]?.type : undefined;
         const isFirstThinking =
           item.type === 'thinking' && prevType !== 'thinking';
         const isFirstAfterThinking =
@@ -76,18 +106,25 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
 
         return {
           item,
-          isExpandable,
+          isExpandable: i > lastUserPromptIndex,
           isFirstThinking,
           isFirstAfterThinking,
+          suppressNarration: suppressNarrationFlags[i] ?? false,
         };
       }),
-    [uiState.history, lastUserPromptIndex],
+    [uiState.history, lastUserPromptIndex, suppressNarrationFlags],
   );
 
   const historyItems = useMemo(
     () =>
       augmentedHistory.map(
-        ({ item, isExpandable, isFirstThinking, isFirstAfterThinking }) => (
+        ({
+          item,
+          isExpandable,
+          isFirstThinking,
+          isFirstAfterThinking,
+          suppressNarration,
+        }) => (
           <MemoizedHistoryItemDisplay
             terminalWidth={mainAreaWidth}
             availableTerminalHeight={
@@ -103,6 +140,7 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
             isExpandable={isExpandable}
             isFirstThinking={isFirstThinking}
             isFirstAfterThinking={isFirstAfterThinking}
+            suppressNarration={suppressNarration}
           />
         ),
       ),
@@ -138,6 +176,9 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
           const isFirstAfterThinking =
             item.type !== 'thinking' && prevType === 'thinking';
 
+          const suppressNarration =
+            suppressNarrationFlags[uiState.history.length + i] ?? false;
+
           return (
             <HistoryItemDisplay
               key={`pending-${i}`}
@@ -150,6 +191,7 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
               isExpandable={true}
               isFirstThinking={isFirstThinking}
               isFirstAfterThinking={isFirstAfterThinking}
+              suppressNarration={suppressNarration}
             />
           );
         })}
@@ -169,6 +211,7 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
       showConfirmationQueue,
       confirmingTool,
       uiState.history,
+      suppressNarrationFlags,
     ],
   );
 
@@ -176,12 +219,19 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
     () => [
       { type: 'header' as const },
       ...augmentedHistory.map(
-        ({ item, isExpandable, isFirstThinking, isFirstAfterThinking }) => ({
+        ({
+          item,
+          isExpandable,
+          isFirstThinking,
+          isFirstAfterThinking,
+          suppressNarration,
+        }) => ({
           type: 'history' as const,
           item,
           isExpandable,
           isFirstThinking,
           isFirstAfterThinking,
+          suppressNarration,
         }),
       ),
       { type: 'pending' as const },
@@ -216,6 +266,7 @@ export const MainContent = () => {
             isExpandable={item.isExpandable}
             isFirstThinking={item.isFirstThinking}
             isFirstAfterThinking={item.isFirstAfterThinking}
+            suppressNarration={item.suppressNarration}
           />
         );
       } else {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ModelDialog.test.tsx

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import {
   PREVIEW_GEMINI_FLASH_MODEL,
   PREVIEW_GEMINI_3_1_FLASH_LITE_MODEL,
   AuthType,
-  UserTierId,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import type { Config, ModelSlashCommandEvent } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
@@ -56,7 +55,6 @@ describe('<ModelDialog />', () => {
   const mockGetGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync = vi.fn();
   const mockGetProModelNoAccess = vi.fn();
   const mockGetProModelNoAccessSync = vi.fn();
-  const mockGetUserTier = vi.fn();
 
   interface MockConfig extends Partial<Config> {
     setModel: (model: string, isTemporary?: boolean) => void;
@@ -67,7 +65,6 @@ describe('<ModelDialog />', () => {
     getGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync: () => boolean;
     getProModelNoAccess: () => Promise<boolean>;
     getProModelNoAccessSync: () => boolean;
-    getUserTier: () => UserTierId | undefined;
   }
 
   const mockConfig: MockConfig = {
@@ -79,7 +76,6 @@ describe('<ModelDialog />', () => {
     getGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync: mockGetGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync,
     getProModelNoAccess: mockGetProModelNoAccess,
     getProModelNoAccessSync: mockGetProModelNoAccessSync,
-    getUserTier: mockGetUserTier,
   };
 
   beforeEach(() => {
@@ -90,7 +86,6 @@ describe('<ModelDialog />', () => {
     mockGetGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync.mockReturnValue(false);
     mockGetProModelNoAccess.mockResolvedValue(false);
     mockGetProModelNoAccessSync.mockReturnValue(false);
-    mockGetUserTier.mockReturnValue(UserTierId.STANDARD);
 
     // Default implementation for getDisplayString
     mockGetDisplayString.mockImplementation((val: string) => {
@@ -136,7 +131,6 @@ describe('<ModelDialog />', () => {
     mockGetProModelNoAccess.mockResolvedValue(true);
     mockGetHasAccessToPreviewModel.mockReturnValue(true);
     mockGetGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync.mockReturnValue(true);
-    mockGetUserTier.mockReturnValue(UserTierId.FREE);
     mockGetDisplayString.mockImplementation((val: string) => val);
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderComponent();
@@ -442,34 +436,11 @@ describe('<ModelDialog />', () => {
       unmount();
     });
 
-    it('hides Flash Lite Preview model for users with pro access', async () => {
-      mockGetProModelNoAccessSync.mockReturnValue(false);
-      mockGetProModelNoAccess.mockResolvedValue(false);
-      mockGetHasAccessToPreviewModel.mockReturnValue(true);
-      const { lastFrame, stdin, waitUntilReady, unmount } =
-        await renderComponent();
-
-      // Go to manual view
-      await act(async () => {
-        stdin.write('\u001B[B'); // Manual
-      });
-      await waitUntilReady();
-      await act(async () => {
-        stdin.write('\r');
-      });
-      await waitUntilReady();
-
-      const output = lastFrame();
-      expect(output).not.toContain(PREVIEW_GEMINI_3_1_FLASH_LITE_MODEL);
-      unmount();
-    });
-
-    it('shows Flash Lite Preview model for free tier users', async () => {
+    it('shows Flash Lite Preview model regardless of tier when flag is enabled', async () => {
       mockGetProModelNoAccessSync.mockReturnValue(false);
       mockGetProModelNoAccess.mockResolvedValue(false);
       mockGetHasAccessToPreviewModel.mockReturnValue(true);
       mockGetGemini31FlashLiteLaunchedSync.mockReturnValue(true);
-      mockGetUserTier.mockReturnValue(UserTierId.FREE);
       const { lastFrame, stdin, waitUntilReady, unmount } =
         await renderComponent();
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/ModelDialog.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import {
   AuthType,
   PREVIEW_GEMINI_3_1_CUSTOM_TOOLS_MODEL,
   isProModel,
-  UserTierId,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { useKeypress } from '../hooks/useKeypress.js';
 import { theme } from '../semantic-colors.js';
@@ -190,7 +189,6 @@ export function ModelDialog({ onClose }: ModelDialogProps): React.JSX.Element {
   }, [config, shouldShowPreviewModels, manualModelSelected, useGemini31]);
 
   const manualOptions = useMemo(() => {
-    const isFreeTier = config?.getUserTier() === UserTierId.FREE;
     // --- DYNAMIC PATH ---
     if (
       config?.getExperimentalDynamicModelConfiguration?.() === true &&
@@ -207,9 +205,6 @@ export function ModelDialog({ onClose }: ModelDialogProps): React.JSX.Element {
           if (m.tier === 'auto') return false;
           // Pro models are shown for users with pro access
           if (!hasAccessToProModel && m.tier === 'pro') return false;
-          // 3.1 Preview Flash-lite is only available on free tier
-          if (m.tier === 'flash-lite' && m.isPreview && !isFreeTier)
-            return false;
 
           // Flag Guard: Versioned models only show if their flag is active.
           if (id === PREVIEW_GEMINI_3_1_MODEL && !useGemini31) return false;
@@ -292,7 +287,7 @@ export function ModelDialog({ onClose }: ModelDialogProps): React.JSX.Element {
         },
       ];
 
-      if (isFreeTier && useGemini31FlashLite) {
+      if (useGemini31FlashLite) {
         previewOptions.push({
           value: PREVIEW_GEMINI_3_1_FLASH_LITE_MODEL,
           title: getDisplayString(PREVIEW_GEMINI_3_1_FLASH_LITE_MODEL),

packages/cli/src/ui/components/StatusDisplay.test.tsx

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ const createMockUIState = (overrides: UIStateOverrides = {}): UIState =>
     ideContextState: null,
     geminiMdFileCount: 0,
     contextFileNames: [],
-    backgroundShellCount: 0,
+    backgroundTaskCount: 0,
     buffer: { text: '' },
     history: [{ id: 1, type: 'user', text: 'test' }],
     ...overrides,
@@ -159,9 +159,9 @@ describe('StatusDisplay', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('passes backgroundShellCount to ContextSummaryDisplay', async () => {
+  it('passes backgroundTaskCount to ContextSummaryDisplay', async () => {
     const uiState = createMockUIState({
-      backgroundShellCount: 3,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 3,
     });
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderStatusDisplay(
       { hideContextSummary: false },

packages/cli/src/ui/components/StatusDisplay.tsx

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const StatusDisplay: React.FC<StatusDisplayProps> = ({
           config.getMcpClientManager()?.getBlockedMcpServers() ?? []
         }
         skillCount={config.getSkillManager().getDisplayableSkills().length}
-        backgroundProcessCount={uiState.backgroundShellCount}
+        backgroundProcessCount={uiState.backgroundTaskCount}
       />
     );
   }

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/AlternateBufferQuittingDisplay.test.tsx.snap

@@ -43,10 +43,12 @@ Tips for getting started:
 │ ✓  tool1 Description for tool 1                                          │
 │                                                                          │
 ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ✓  tool2 Description for tool 2                                          │
 │                                                                          │
 ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ o  tool3 Description for tool 3                                          │
 │                                                                          │
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ Tips for getting started:
 │ ✓  tool1 Description for tool 1                                          │
 │                                                                          │
 ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ✓  tool2 Description for tool 2                                          │
 │                                                                          │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/BackgroundTaskDisplay.test.tsx.snap

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
-exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > highlights the focused state 1`] = `
+exports[`<BackgroundTaskDisplay /> > highlights the focused state 1`] = `
 "┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │  1: npm sta.. (PID: 1001)        Close (Ctrl+B) | Kill (Ctrl+K) | List       │
 │              (Focused)           (Ctrl+L)                                    │
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > highlights the focused state 1`] = `
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > keeps exit code status color even when selected 1`] = `
+exports[`<BackgroundTaskDisplay /> > keeps exit code status color even when selected 1`] = `
 "┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │  1: npm sta.. (PID: 1003)        Close (Ctrl+B) | Kill (Ctrl+K) | List       │
 │              (Focused)           (Ctrl+L)                                    │
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > keeps exit code status color even when sel
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders tabs for multiple shells 1`] = `
+exports[`<BackgroundTaskDisplay /> > renders tabs for multiple shells 1`] = `
 "┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │  1: npm start  2: tail -f lo...  (PID: 1001)      Close (Ctrl+B) | Kill (Ctrl+K) | List (Ctrl+L) │
 │ Starting server...                                                                               │
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders tabs for multiple shells 1`] = `
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders the output of the active shell 1`] = `
+exports[`<BackgroundTaskDisplay /> > renders the output of the active shell 1`] = `
 "┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │  1: ...  2: ...  (PID: 1001)  Close (Ctrl+B) | Kill (Ctrl+K) | List (Ctrl+L) │
 │ Starting server...                                                           │
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders the output of the active shell 1`]
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders the process list when isListOpenProp is true 1`] = `
+exports[`<BackgroundTaskDisplay /> > renders the process list when isListOpenProp is true 1`] = `
 "┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │  1: npm sta.. (PID: 1001)        Close (Ctrl+B) | Kill (Ctrl+K) | List       │
 │              (Focused)           (Ctrl+L)                                    │
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > renders the process list when isListOpenPr
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<BackgroundShellDisplay /> > scrolls to active shell when list opens 1`] = `
+exports[`<BackgroundTaskDisplay /> > scrolls to active shell when list opens 1`] = `
 "┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │  1: npm sta.. (PID: 1002)        Close (Ctrl+B) | Kill (Ctrl+K) | List       │
 │              (Focused)           (Ctrl+L)                                    │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/__snapshots__/MainContent.test.tsx.snap

@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@ AppHeader(full)
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command Running a long command...                                                   │
 │                                                                                              │
-│ Line 10                                                                                      │
 │ Line 11                                                                                      │
 │ Line 12                                                                                      │
 │ Line 13                                                                                      │
 │ Line 14                                                                                      │
-│ Line 15                                                                                    █ │
+│ Line 15                                                                                      │
 │ Line 16                                                                                    █ │
 │ Line 17                                                                                    █ │
 │ Line 18                                                                                    █ │
@@ -27,12 +26,11 @@ AppHeader(full)
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command Running a long command...                                                   │
 │                                                                                              │
-│ Line 10                                                                                      │
 │ Line 11                                                                                      │
 │ Line 12                                                                                      │
 │ Line 13                                                                                      │
 │ Line 14                                                                                      │
-│ Line 15                                                                                    █ │
+│ Line 15                                                                                      │
 │ Line 16                                                                                    █ │
 │ Line 17                                                                                    █ │
 │ Line 18                                                                                    █ │
@@ -47,8 +45,7 @@ exports[`MainContent > MainContent Tool Output Height Logic > 'Normal mode - Con
 ╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command Running a long command...                                                   │
 │                                                                                              │
-│ ... first 10 lines hidden (Ctrl+O to show) ...                                               │
-│ Line 11                                                                                      │
+│ ... first 11 lines hidden (Ctrl+O to show) ...                                               │
 │ Line 12                                                                                      │
 │ Line 13                                                                                      │
 │ Line 14                                                                                      │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/DenseToolMessage.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,577 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { renderWithProviders } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
+import { DenseToolMessage } from './DenseToolMessage.js';
+import {
+  CoreToolCallStatus,
+  type DiffStat,
+  type FileDiff,
+  type GrepResult,
+  type ListDirectoryResult,
+  type ReadManyFilesResult,
+  makeFakeConfig,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import type {
+  SerializableConfirmationDetails,
+  ToolResultDisplay,
+} from '../../types.js';
+
+import { createMockSettings } from '../../../test-utils/settings.js';
+
+describe('DenseToolMessage', () => {
+  const defaultProps = {
+    callId: 'call-1',
+    name: 'test-tool',
+    description: 'Test description',
+    status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+    resultDisplay: 'Success result' as ToolResultDisplay,
+    confirmationDetails: undefined,
+    terminalWidth: 80,
+  };
+
+  it('renders correctly for a successful string result', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage {...defaultProps} />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('test-tool');
+    expect(output).toContain('Test description');
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Success result');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('truncates long string results', async () => {
+    const longResult = 'A'.repeat(200);
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={longResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('…');
+    expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('flattens newlines in string results', async () => {
+    const multilineResult = 'Line 1\nLine 2';
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={multilineResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Line 1 Line 2');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for file diff results with stats', async () => {
+    const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+      fileDiff: '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-old line\n+diff content',
+      fileName: 'test.ts',
+      filePath: '/path/to/test.ts',
+      originalContent: 'old content',
+      newContent: 'new content',
+      diffStat: {
+        user_added_lines: 5,
+        user_removed_lines: 2,
+        user_added_chars: 50,
+        user_removed_chars: 20,
+        model_added_lines: 10,
+        model_removed_lines: 4,
+        model_added_chars: 100,
+        model_removed_chars: 40,
+      },
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+      {},
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('test.ts → Accepted (+15, -6)');
+    expect(output).toContain('diff content');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for Edit tool using confirmationDetails', async () => {
+    const confirmationDetails = {
+      type: 'edit' as const,
+      title: 'Confirm Edit',
+      fileName: 'styles.scss',
+      filePath: '/path/to/styles.scss',
+      fileDiff:
+        '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-body { color: blue; }\n+body { color: red; }',
+      originalContent: 'body { color: blue; }',
+      newContent: 'body { color: red; }',
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        name="Edit"
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.AwaitingApproval}
+        resultDisplay={undefined}
+        confirmationDetails={
+          confirmationDetails as SerializableConfirmationDetails
+        }
+      />,
+      {},
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Edit');
+    expect(output).toContain('styles.scss');
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Confirming');
+    expect(output).toContain('body { color: red; }');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for Rejected Edit tool', async () => {
+    const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+      fileDiff: '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-old line\n+new line',
+      fileName: 'styles.scss',
+      filePath: '/path/to/styles.scss',
+      originalContent: 'old line',
+      newContent: 'new line',
+      diffStat: {
+        user_added_lines: 1,
+        user_removed_lines: 1,
+        user_added_chars: 0,
+        user_removed_chars: 0,
+        model_added_lines: 0,
+        model_removed_lines: 0,
+        model_added_chars: 0,
+        model_removed_chars: 0,
+      },
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        name="Edit"
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled}
+        resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+      {},
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Edit');
+    expect(output).toContain('styles.scss → Rejected (+1, -1)');
+    expect(output).toContain('- old line');
+    expect(output).toContain('+ new line');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for Rejected Edit tool with confirmationDetails and diffStat', async () => {
+    const confirmationDetails = {
+      type: 'edit' as const,
+      title: 'Confirm Edit',
+      fileName: 'styles.scss',
+      filePath: '/path/to/styles.scss',
+      fileDiff:
+        '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-body { color: blue; }\n+body { color: red; }',
+      originalContent: 'body { color: blue; }',
+      newContent: 'body { color: red; }',
+      diffStat: {
+        user_added_lines: 1,
+        user_removed_lines: 1,
+        user_added_chars: 0,
+        user_removed_chars: 0,
+        model_added_lines: 0,
+        model_removed_lines: 0,
+        model_added_chars: 0,
+        model_removed_chars: 0,
+      } as DiffStat,
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        name="Edit"
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled}
+        resultDisplay={undefined}
+        confirmationDetails={
+          confirmationDetails as unknown as SerializableConfirmationDetails
+        }
+      />,
+      {},
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Edit');
+    expect(output).toContain('styles.scss → Rejected (+1, -1)');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for WriteFile tool', async () => {
+    const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+      fileDiff: '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-old content\n+new content',
+      fileName: 'config.json',
+      filePath: '/path/to/config.json',
+      originalContent: 'old content',
+      newContent: 'new content',
+      diffStat: {
+        user_added_lines: 1,
+        user_removed_lines: 1,
+        user_added_chars: 0,
+        user_removed_chars: 0,
+        model_added_lines: 0,
+        model_removed_lines: 0,
+        model_added_chars: 0,
+        model_removed_chars: 0,
+      },
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        name="WriteFile"
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Success}
+        resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+      {},
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('WriteFile');
+    expect(output).toContain('config.json → Accepted (+1, -1)');
+    expect(output).toContain('+ new content');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for Rejected WriteFile tool', async () => {
+    const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+      fileDiff: '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-old content\n+new content',
+      fileName: 'config.json',
+      filePath: '/path/to/config.json',
+      originalContent: 'old content',
+      newContent: 'new content',
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        name="WriteFile"
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled}
+        resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+      {},
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('WriteFile');
+    expect(output).toContain('config.json');
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Rejected');
+    expect(output).toContain('- old content');
+    expect(output).toContain('+ new content');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for Errored Edit tool', async () => {
+    const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+      fileDiff: '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-old line\n+new line',
+      fileName: 'styles.scss',
+      filePath: '/path/to/styles.scss',
+      originalContent: 'old line',
+      newContent: 'new line',
+      diffStat: {
+        user_added_lines: 1,
+        user_removed_lines: 1,
+        user_added_chars: 0,
+        user_removed_chars: 0,
+        model_added_lines: 0,
+        model_removed_lines: 0,
+        model_added_chars: 0,
+        model_removed_chars: 0,
+      },
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        name="Edit"
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Error}
+        resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Edit');
+    expect(output).toContain('styles.scss → Failed (+1, -1)');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for grep results', async () => {
+    const grepResult: GrepResult = {
+      summary: 'Found 2 matches',
+      matches: [
+        {
+          filePath: 'file1.ts',
+          absolutePath: '/file1.ts',
+          lineNumber: 10,
+          line: 'match 1',
+        },
+        {
+          filePath: 'file2.ts',
+          absolutePath: '/file2.ts',
+          lineNumber: 20,
+          line: 'match 2',
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={grepResult as unknown as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Found 2 matches');
+    // Matches are rendered in a secondary list for high-signal summaries
+    expect(output).toContain('file1.ts:10: match 1');
+    expect(output).toContain('file2.ts:20: match 2');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for ls results', async () => {
+    const lsResult: ListDirectoryResult = {
+      summary: 'Listed 2 files. (1 ignored)',
+      files: ['file1.ts', 'dir1'],
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={lsResult as unknown as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Listed 2 files. (1 ignored)');
+    // Directory listings should not have a payload in dense mode
+    expect(output).not.toContain('file1.ts');
+    expect(output).not.toContain('dir1');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for ReadManyFiles results', async () => {
+    const rmfResult: ReadManyFilesResult = {
+      summary: 'Read 3 file(s)',
+      files: ['file1.ts', 'file2.ts', 'file3.ts'],
+      include: ['**/*.ts'],
+      skipped: [{ path: 'skipped.bin', reason: 'binary' }],
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={rmfResult as unknown as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('Attempting to read files from **/*.ts');
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Read 3 file(s) (1 ignored)');
+    expect(output).toContain('file1.ts');
+    expect(output).toContain('file2.ts');
+    expect(output).toContain('file3.ts');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for todo updates', async () => {
+    const todoResult = {
+      todos: [],
+    };
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        resultDisplay={todoResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Todos updated');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders generic output message for unknown object results', async () => {
+    const genericResult = {
+      some: 'data',
+    } as unknown as ToolResultDisplay;
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage {...defaultProps} resultDisplay={genericResult} />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Returned (possible empty result)');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders correctly for error status with string message', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Error}
+        resultDisplay={'Error occurred' as ToolResultDisplay}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Error occurred');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('renders generic failure message for error status without string message', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Error}
+        resultDisplay={undefined}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toContain('→ Failed');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('does not render result arrow if resultDisplay is missing', async () => {
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <DenseToolMessage
+        {...defaultProps}
+        status={CoreToolCallStatus.Scheduled}
+        resultDisplay={undefined}
+      />,
+    );
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).not.toContain('→');
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  describe('Toggleable Diff View (Alternate Buffer)', () => {
+    const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+      fileDiff: '@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n-old line\n+new line',
+      fileName: 'test.ts',
+      filePath: '/path/to/test.ts',
+      originalContent: 'old content',
+      newContent: 'new content',
+    };
+
+    it('hides diff content by default when in alternate buffer mode', async () => {
+      const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+        <DenseToolMessage
+          {...defaultProps}
+          resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+          status={CoreToolCallStatus.Success}
+        />,
+        {
+          config: makeFakeConfig({ useAlternateBuffer: true }),
+          settings: createMockSettings({ ui: { useAlternateBuffer: true } }),
+        },
+      );
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      expect(output).toContain('Accepted');
+      expect(output).not.toContain('new line');
+      expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+    });
+
+    it('shows diff content by default when NOT in alternate buffer mode', async () => {
+      const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+        <DenseToolMessage
+          {...defaultProps}
+          resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+          status={CoreToolCallStatus.Success}
+        />,
+        {
+          config: makeFakeConfig({ useAlternateBuffer: false }),
+          settings: createMockSettings({ ui: { useAlternateBuffer: false } }),
+        },
+      );
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      expect(output).toContain('Accepted');
+      expect(output).toContain('new line');
+      expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+    });
+
+    it('shows diff content when expanded via ToolActionsContext', async () => {
+      const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+        <DenseToolMessage
+          {...defaultProps}
+          resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+          status={CoreToolCallStatus.Success}
+        />,
+        {
+          config: makeFakeConfig({ useAlternateBuffer: true }),
+          settings: createMockSettings({ ui: { useAlternateBuffer: true } }),
+          toolActions: {
+            isExpanded: () => true,
+          },
+        },
+      );
+      await waitUntilReady();
+
+      // Verify it shows the diff when expanded
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('new line');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Visual Regression', () => {
+    it('matches SVG snapshot for an Accepted file edit with diff stats', async () => {
+      const diffResult: FileDiff = {
+        fileName: 'test.ts',
+        filePath: '/mock/test.ts',
+        fileDiff: '--- a/test.ts\n+++ b/test.ts\n@@ -1 +1 @@\n-old\n+new',
+        originalContent: 'old',
+        newContent: 'new',
+        diffStat: {
+          model_added_lines: 1,
+          model_removed_lines: 1,
+          model_added_chars: 3,
+          model_removed_chars: 3,
+          user_added_lines: 0,
+          user_removed_lines: 0,
+          user_added_chars: 0,
+          user_removed_chars: 0,
+        },
+      };
+
+      const renderResult = await renderWithProviders(
+        <DenseToolMessage
+          {...defaultProps}
+          name="edit"
+          description="Editing test.ts"
+          resultDisplay={diffResult as ToolResultDisplay}
+          status={CoreToolCallStatus.Success}
+        />,
+      );
+
+      await renderResult.waitUntilReady();
+      await expect(renderResult).toMatchSvgSnapshot();
+    });
+
+    it('matches SVG snapshot for a Rejected tool call', async () => {
+      const renderResult = await renderWithProviders(
+        <DenseToolMessage
+          {...defaultProps}
+          name="read_file"
+          description="Reading important.txt"
+          resultDisplay="Rejected by user"
+          status={CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled}
+        />,
+      );
+
+      await renderResult.waitUntilReady();
+      await expect(renderResult).toMatchSvgSnapshot();
+    });
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/DenseToolMessage.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,563 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import type React from 'react';
+import { useMemo, useState, useRef } from 'react';
+import { Box, Text, type DOMElement } from 'ink';
+import {
+  CoreToolCallStatus,
+  type FileDiff,
+  type ListDirectoryResult,
+  type ReadManyFilesResult,
+  isFileDiff,
+  hasSummary,
+  isGrepResult,
+  isListResult,
+  isReadManyFilesResult,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import {
+  type IndividualToolCallDisplay,
+  type ToolResultDisplay,
+  isTodoList,
+} from '../../types.js';
+import { useAlternateBuffer } from '../../hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
+import { ToolStatusIndicator } from './ToolShared.js';
+import { theme } from '../../semantic-colors.js';
+import {
+  DiffRenderer,
+  renderDiffLines,
+  isNewFile,
+  parseDiffWithLineNumbers,
+} from './DiffRenderer.js';
+import { useMouseClick } from '../../hooks/useMouseClick.js';
+import { ScrollableList } from '../shared/ScrollableList.js';
+import { COMPACT_TOOL_SUBVIEW_MAX_LINES } from '../../constants.js';
+import { useSettings } from '../../contexts/SettingsContext.js';
+import { colorizeCode } from '../../utils/CodeColorizer.js';
+import { useToolActions } from '../../contexts/ToolActionsContext.js';
+import { getFileExtension } from '../../utils/fileUtils.js';
+
+const PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT = 6;
+const PAYLOAD_BORDER_CHROME_WIDTH = 4; // paddingX=1 (2 cols) + borders (2 cols)
+const PAYLOAD_SCROLL_GUTTER = 4;
+const PAYLOAD_MAX_WIDTH = 120 + PAYLOAD_SCROLL_GUTTER;
+
+interface DenseToolMessageProps extends IndividualToolCallDisplay {
+  terminalWidth: number;
+  availableTerminalHeight?: number;
+}
+
+interface ViewParts {
+  // brief description of action
+  description?: React.ReactNode;
+  // result summary or status text
+  summary?: React.ReactNode;
+  // detailed output, e.g. diff or command output
+  payload?: React.ReactNode;
+}
+
+interface PayloadResult {
+  summary: string;
+  payload: string;
+}
+
+const hasPayload = (res: unknown): res is PayloadResult => {
+  if (!hasSummary(res)) return false;
+  if (!('payload' in res)) return false;
+
+  const value = (res as { payload?: unknown }).payload;
+  return typeof value === 'string';
+};
+
+const RenderItemsList: React.FC<{
+  items?: string[];
+  maxVisible?: number;
+}> = ({ items, maxVisible = 20 }) => {
+  if (!items || items.length === 0) return null;
+  return (
+    <Box flexDirection="column">
+      {items.slice(0, maxVisible).map((item, i) => (
+        <Text key={i} color={theme.text.secondary}>
+          {item}
+        </Text>
+      ))}
+      {items.length > maxVisible && (
+        <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+          ... and {items.length - maxVisible} more
+        </Text>
+      )}
+    </Box>
+  );
+};
+
+function getFileOpData(
+  diff: FileDiff,
+  status: CoreToolCallStatus,
+  resultDisplay: ToolResultDisplay | undefined,
+  terminalWidth: number,
+  availableTerminalHeight: number | undefined,
+  isClickable: boolean,
+): ViewParts {
+  const added =
+    (diff.diffStat?.model_added_lines ?? 0) +
+    (diff.diffStat?.user_added_lines ?? 0);
+  const removed =
+    (diff.diffStat?.model_removed_lines ?? 0) +
+    (diff.diffStat?.user_removed_lines ?? 0);
+
+  const isAcceptedOrConfirming =
+    status === CoreToolCallStatus.Success ||
+    status === CoreToolCallStatus.Executing ||
+    status === CoreToolCallStatus.AwaitingApproval;
+
+  const addColor = isAcceptedOrConfirming
+    ? theme.status.success
+    : theme.text.secondary;
+  const removeColor = isAcceptedOrConfirming
+    ? theme.status.error
+    : theme.text.secondary;
+
+  // Always show diff stats if available, using neutral colors for rejected
+  const showDiffStat = !!diff.diffStat;
+
+  const description = (
+    <Box flexDirection="row">
+      <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+        {diff.fileName}
+      </Text>
+    </Box>
+  );
+  let resultSummary = '';
+  let resultColor = theme.text.secondary;
+
+  if (status === CoreToolCallStatus.AwaitingApproval) {
+    resultSummary = 'Confirming';
+  } else if (
+    status === CoreToolCallStatus.Success ||
+    status === CoreToolCallStatus.Executing
+  ) {
+    resultSummary = 'Accepted';
+    resultColor = theme.text.accent;
+  } else if (status === CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled) {
+    resultSummary = 'Rejected';
+    resultColor = theme.status.error;
+  } else if (status === CoreToolCallStatus.Error) {
+    resultSummary =
+      typeof resultDisplay === 'string' ? resultDisplay : 'Failed';
+    resultColor = theme.status.error;
+  }
+
+  const summary = (
+    <Box flexDirection="row">
+      {resultSummary && (
+        <Text color={resultColor} wrap="truncate-end">
+          →{' '}
+          <Text underline={isClickable}>
+            {resultSummary.replace(/\n/g, ' ')}
+          </Text>
+        </Text>
+      )}
+      {showDiffStat && (
+        <Box marginLeft={1} marginRight={2}>
+          <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+            {'('}
+            <Text color={addColor}>+{added}</Text>
+            {', '}
+            <Text color={removeColor}>-{removed}</Text>
+            {')'}
+          </Text>
+        </Box>
+      )}
+    </Box>
+  );
+
+  const payload = (
+    <DiffRenderer
+      diffContent={diff.fileDiff}
+      filename={diff.fileName}
+      terminalWidth={terminalWidth - PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT}
+      availableTerminalHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
+      disableColor={status === CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled}
+    />
+  );
+
+  return { description, summary, payload };
+}
+
+function getReadManyFilesData(result: ReadManyFilesResult): ViewParts {
+  const items = result.files ?? [];
+  const maxVisible = 10;
+  const includePatterns = result.include?.join(', ') ?? '';
+  const description = (
+    <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+      Attempting to read files from {includePatterns}
+    </Text>
+  );
+
+  const skippedCount = result.skipped?.length ?? 0;
+  const summaryStr = `Read ${items.length} file(s)${
+    skippedCount > 0 ? ` (${skippedCount} ignored)` : ''
+  }`;
+  const summary = <Text color={theme.text.accent}>→ {summaryStr}</Text>;
+  const hasItems = items.length > 0;
+  const payload = hasItems ? (
+    <Box flexDirection="column" marginLeft={2}>
+      {hasItems && <RenderItemsList items={items} maxVisible={maxVisible} />}
+    </Box>
+  ) : undefined;
+
+  return { description, summary, payload };
+}
+
+function getListDirectoryData(
+  result: ListDirectoryResult,
+  originalDescription?: string,
+): ViewParts {
+  const description = originalDescription ? (
+    <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+      {originalDescription}
+    </Text>
+  ) : undefined;
+  const summary = <Text color={theme.text.accent}>→ {result.summary}</Text>;
+
+  // For directory listings, we want NO payload in dense mode
+  return { description, summary, payload: undefined };
+}
+
+function getListResultData(
+  result: ListDirectoryResult | ReadManyFilesResult,
+  originalDescription?: string,
+): ViewParts {
+  if (isReadManyFilesResult(result)) {
+    return getReadManyFilesData(result);
+  }
+  return getListDirectoryData(result, originalDescription);
+}
+
+function getGenericSuccessData(
+  resultDisplay: unknown,
+  originalDescription?: string,
+): ViewParts {
+  let summary: React.ReactNode;
+  let payload: React.ReactNode;
+
+  const description = originalDescription ? (
+    <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+      {originalDescription}
+    </Text>
+  ) : undefined;
+
+  if (typeof resultDisplay === 'string') {
+    const flattened = resultDisplay.replace(/\n/g, ' ').trim();
+    summary = (
+      <Text color={theme.text.accent} wrap="truncate-end">
+        → {flattened}
+      </Text>
+    );
+  } else if (isGrepResult(resultDisplay)) {
+    summary = <Text color={theme.text.accent}>→ {resultDisplay.summary}</Text>;
+    const matches = resultDisplay.matches;
+    if (matches.length > 0) {
+      payload = (
+        <Box flexDirection="column" marginLeft={2}>
+          <RenderItemsList
+            items={matches.map(
+              (m) => `${m.filePath}:${m.lineNumber}: ${m.line.trim()}`,
+            )}
+            maxVisible={10}
+          />
+        </Box>
+      );
+    }
+  } else if (isTodoList(resultDisplay)) {
+    summary = (
+      <Text color={theme.text.accent} wrap="wrap">
+        → Todos updated
+      </Text>
+    );
+  } else if (hasPayload(resultDisplay)) {
+    summary = <Text color={theme.text.accent}>→ {resultDisplay.summary}</Text>;
+    payload = (
+      <Box marginLeft={2}>
+        <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>{resultDisplay.payload}</Text>
+      </Box>
+    );
+  } else {
+    summary = (
+      <Text color={theme.text.accent} wrap="wrap">
+        → Returned (possible empty result)
+      </Text>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return { description, summary, payload };
+}
+
+export const DenseToolMessage: React.FC<DenseToolMessageProps> = (props) => {
+  const {
+    callId,
+    name,
+    status,
+    resultDisplay,
+    confirmationDetails,
+    outputFile,
+    terminalWidth,
+    availableTerminalHeight,
+    description: originalDescription,
+  } = props;
+
+  const settings = useSettings();
+  const isAlternateBuffer = useAlternateBuffer();
+  const { isExpanded: isExpandedInContext, toggleExpansion } = useToolActions();
+
+  // Handle optional context members
+  const [localIsExpanded, setLocalIsExpanded] = useState(false);
+  const isExpanded = isExpandedInContext
+    ? isExpandedInContext(callId)
+    : localIsExpanded;
+
+  const [isFocused, setIsFocused] = useState(false);
+  const toggleRef = useRef<DOMElement>(null);
+
+  // Unified File Data Extraction (Safely bridge resultDisplay and confirmationDetails)
+  const diff = useMemo((): FileDiff | undefined => {
+    if (isFileDiff(resultDisplay)) return resultDisplay;
+    if (confirmationDetails?.type === 'edit') {
+      const details = confirmationDetails;
+      return {
+        fileName: details.fileName,
+        fileDiff: details.fileDiff,
+        filePath: details.filePath,
+        originalContent: details.originalContent,
+        newContent: details.newContent,
+        diffStat: details.diffStat,
+      };
+    }
+    return undefined;
+  }, [resultDisplay, confirmationDetails]);
+
+  const handleToggle = () => {
+    const next = !isExpanded;
+    if (!next) {
+      setIsFocused(false);
+    } else {
+      setIsFocused(true);
+    }
+
+    if (toggleExpansion) {
+      toggleExpansion(callId);
+    } else {
+      setLocalIsExpanded(next);
+    }
+  };
+
+  useMouseClick(toggleRef, handleToggle, {
+    isActive: isAlternateBuffer && !!diff,
+  });
+
+  // State-to-View Coordination
+  const viewParts = useMemo((): ViewParts => {
+    if (diff) {
+      return getFileOpData(
+        diff,
+        status,
+        resultDisplay,
+        terminalWidth,
+        availableTerminalHeight,
+        isAlternateBuffer,
+      );
+    }
+    if (isListResult(resultDisplay)) {
+      return getListResultData(resultDisplay, originalDescription);
+    }
+
+    if (isGrepResult(resultDisplay)) {
+      return getGenericSuccessData(resultDisplay, originalDescription);
+    }
+
+    if (status === CoreToolCallStatus.Success && resultDisplay) {
+      return getGenericSuccessData(resultDisplay, originalDescription);
+    }
+    if (status === CoreToolCallStatus.Error) {
+      const text =
+        typeof resultDisplay === 'string'
+          ? resultDisplay.replace(/\n/g, ' ')
+          : 'Failed';
+      const errorSummary = (
+        <Text color={theme.status.error} wrap="truncate-end">
+          → {text}
+        </Text>
+      );
+      const descriptionText = originalDescription ? (
+        <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+          {originalDescription}
+        </Text>
+      ) : undefined;
+      return {
+        description: descriptionText,
+        summary: errorSummary,
+        payload: undefined,
+      };
+    }
+
+    const descriptionText = originalDescription ? (
+      <Text color={theme.text.secondary} wrap="truncate-end">
+        {originalDescription}
+      </Text>
+    ) : undefined;
+    return {
+      description: descriptionText,
+      summary: undefined,
+      payload: undefined,
+    };
+  }, [
+    diff,
+    status,
+    resultDisplay,
+    terminalWidth,
+    availableTerminalHeight,
+    originalDescription,
+    isAlternateBuffer,
+  ]);
+
+  const { description, summary } = viewParts;
+
+  const diffLines = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!diff || !isExpanded || !isAlternateBuffer) return [];
+
+    const parsedLines = parseDiffWithLineNumbers(diff.fileDiff);
+    const isNewFileResult = isNewFile(parsedLines);
+
+    if (isNewFileResult) {
+      const addedContent = parsedLines
+        .filter((line) => line.type === 'add')
+        .map((line) => line.content)
+        .join('\n');
+
+      const fileExtension = getFileExtension(diff.fileName);
+
+      return colorizeCode({
+        code: addedContent,
+        language: fileExtension,
+        maxWidth: terminalWidth - PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT,
+        settings,
+        disableColor: status === CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled,
+        returnLines: true,
+      });
+    } else {
+      return renderDiffLines({
+        parsedLines,
+        filename: diff.fileName,
+        terminalWidth: terminalWidth - PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT,
+        disableColor: status === CoreToolCallStatus.Cancelled,
+      });
+    }
+  }, [diff, isExpanded, isAlternateBuffer, terminalWidth, settings, status]);
+
+  const showPayload = useMemo(() => {
+    const policy = !isAlternateBuffer || !diff || isExpanded;
+    if (!policy) return false;
+
+    if (diff) {
+      if (isAlternateBuffer) {
+        return isExpanded && diffLines.length > 0;
+      }
+      // In non-alternate buffer mode, we always show the diff.
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return !!(viewParts.payload || outputFile);
+  }, [
+    isAlternateBuffer,
+    diff,
+    isExpanded,
+    diffLines.length,
+    viewParts.payload,
+    outputFile,
+  ]);
+
+  const keyExtractor = (_item: React.ReactNode, index: number) =>
+    `diff-line-${index}`;
+  const renderItem = ({ item }: { item: React.ReactNode }) => (
+    <Box minHeight={1}>{item}</Box>
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Box flexDirection="column">
+      <Box marginLeft={2} flexDirection="row" flexWrap="wrap">
+        <ToolStatusIndicator status={status} name={name} />
+        <Box maxWidth={25} flexShrink={1} flexGrow={0}>
+          <Text color={theme.text.primary} bold wrap="truncate-end">
+            {name}{' '}
+          </Text>
+        </Box>
+        <Box marginLeft={1} flexShrink={1} flexGrow={0}>
+          {description}
+        </Box>
+        {summary && (
+          <Box
+            key="tool-summary"
+            ref={isAlternateBuffer && diff ? toggleRef : undefined}
+            marginLeft={1}
+            flexGrow={0}
+          >
+            {summary}
+          </Box>
+        )}
+      </Box>
+
+      {showPayload && isAlternateBuffer && diffLines.length > 0 && (
+        <Box
+          marginLeft={PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT}
+          marginTop={1}
+          marginBottom={1}
+          paddingX={1}
+          flexDirection="column"
+          height={
+            Math.min(diffLines.length, COMPACT_TOOL_SUBVIEW_MAX_LINES) + 2
+          }
+          maxHeight={COMPACT_TOOL_SUBVIEW_MAX_LINES + 2}
+          borderStyle="round"
+          borderColor={theme.border.default}
+          borderDimColor={true}
+          maxWidth={Math.min(
+            PAYLOAD_MAX_WIDTH,
+            terminalWidth - PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT,
+          )}
+        >
+          <ScrollableList
+            data={diffLines}
+            renderItem={renderItem}
+            keyExtractor={keyExtractor}
+            estimatedItemHeight={() => 1}
+            hasFocus={isFocused}
+            width={Math.min(
+              PAYLOAD_MAX_WIDTH,
+              terminalWidth -
+                PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT -
+                PAYLOAD_BORDER_CHROME_WIDTH -
+                PAYLOAD_SCROLL_GUTTER,
+            )}
+          />
+        </Box>
+      )}
+
+      {showPayload && (!isAlternateBuffer || !diff) && viewParts.payload && (
+        <Box marginLeft={PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT} marginTop={1} marginBottom={1}>
+          {viewParts.payload}
+        </Box>
+      )}
+
+      {showPayload && outputFile && (
+        <Box marginLeft={PAYLOAD_MARGIN_LEFT} marginTop={1} marginBottom={1}>
+          <Text color={theme.text.secondary}>
+            (Output saved to: {outputFile})
+          </Text>
+        </Box>
+      )}
+    </Box>
+  );
+};

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/DiffRenderer.test.tsx

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ index 0000000..e69de29
             maxWidth: 80,
             theme: undefined,
             settings: expect.anything(),
+            disableColor: false,
           }),
         );
       });
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ index 0000000..e69de29
             maxWidth: 80,
             theme: undefined,
             settings: expect.anything(),
+            disableColor: false,
           }),
         );
       });
@@ -119,6 +121,7 @@ index 0000000..e69de29
             maxWidth: 80,
             theme: undefined,
             settings: expect.anything(),
+            disableColor: false,
           }),
         );
       });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/DiffRenderer.tsx

@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@
 import type React from 'react';
 import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import { Box, Text, useIsScreenReaderEnabled } from 'ink';
-import crypto from 'node:crypto';
 import { colorizeCode, colorizeLine } from '../../utils/CodeColorizer.js';
 import { MaxSizedBox } from '../shared/MaxSizedBox.js';
 import { theme as semanticTheme } from '../../semantic-colors.js';
 import type { Theme } from '../../themes/theme.js';
 import { useSettings } from '../../contexts/SettingsContext.js';
+import { getFileExtension } from '../../utils/fileUtils.js';
 
-interface DiffLine {
+export interface DiffLine {
   type: 'add' | 'del' | 'context' | 'hunk' | 'other';
   oldLine?: number;
   newLine?: number;
   content: string;
 }
 
-function parseDiffWithLineNumbers(diffContent: string): DiffLine[] {
+export function parseDiffWithLineNumbers(diffContent: string): DiffLine[] {
   const lines = diffContent.split(/\r?\n/);
   const result: DiffLine[] = [];
   let currentOldLine = 0;
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ interface DiffRendererProps {
   availableTerminalHeight?: number;
   terminalWidth: number;
   theme?: Theme;
+  disableColor?: boolean;
 }
 
 const DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH = 4; // Spaces per tab for normalization
@@ -99,6 +100,7 @@ export const DiffRenderer: React.FC<DiffRendererProps> = ({
   availableTerminalHeight,
   terminalWidth,
   theme,
+  disableColor = false,
 }) => {
   const settings = useSettings();
 
@@ -111,17 +113,7 @@ export const DiffRenderer: React.FC<DiffRendererProps> = ({
     return parseDiffWithLineNumbers(diffContent);
   }, [diffContent]);
 
-  const isNewFile = useMemo(() => {
-    if (parsedLines.length === 0) return false;
-    return parsedLines.every(
-      (line) =>
-        line.type === 'add' ||
-        line.type === 'hunk' ||
-        line.type === 'other' ||
-        line.content.startsWith('diff --git') ||
-        line.content.startsWith('new file mode'),
-    );
-  }, [parsedLines]);
+  const isNewFileResult = useMemo(() => isNewFile(parsedLines), [parsedLines]);
 
   const renderedOutput = useMemo(() => {
     if (!diffContent || typeof diffContent !== 'string') {
@@ -151,14 +143,14 @@ export const DiffRenderer: React.FC<DiffRendererProps> = ({
       );
     }
 
-    if (isNewFile) {
+    if (isNewFileResult) {
       // Extract only the added lines' content
       const addedContent = parsedLines
         .filter((line) => line.type === 'add')
         .map((line) => line.content)
         .join('\n');
       // Attempt to infer language from filename, default to plain text if no filename
-      const fileExtension = filename?.split('.').pop() || null;
+      const fileExtension = getFileExtension(filename);
       const language = fileExtension
         ? getLanguageFromExtension(fileExtension)
         : null;
@@ -169,39 +161,71 @@ export const DiffRenderer: React.FC<DiffRendererProps> = ({
         maxWidth: terminalWidth,
         theme,
         settings,
+        disableColor,
       });
     } else {
-      return renderDiffContent(
-        parsedLines,
-        filename,
-        tabWidth,
-        availableTerminalHeight,
-        terminalWidth,
+      const key = filename ? `diff-box-${filename}` : undefined;
+
+      return (
+        <MaxSizedBox
+          maxHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
+          maxWidth={terminalWidth}
+          key={key}
+        >
+          {renderDiffLines({
+            parsedLines,
+            filename,
+            tabWidth,
+            terminalWidth,
+            disableColor,
+          })}
+        </MaxSizedBox>
       );
     }
   }, [
     diffContent,
     parsedLines,
     screenReaderEnabled,
-    isNewFile,
+    isNewFileResult,
     filename,
     availableTerminalHeight,
     terminalWidth,
     theme,
     settings,
     tabWidth,
+    disableColor,
   ]);
 
   return renderedOutput;
 };
 
-const renderDiffContent = (
-  parsedLines: DiffLine[],
-  filename: string | undefined,
+export const isNewFile = (parsedLines: DiffLine[]): boolean => {
+  if (parsedLines.length === 0) return false;
+  return parsedLines.every(
+    (line) =>
+      line.type === 'add' ||
+      line.type === 'hunk' ||
+      line.type === 'other' ||
+      line.content.startsWith('diff --git') ||
+      line.content.startsWith('new file mode'),
+  );
+};
+
+export interface RenderDiffLinesOptions {
+  parsedLines: DiffLine[];
+  filename?: string;
+  tabWidth?: number;
+  terminalWidth: number;
+  disableColor?: boolean;
+}
+
+export const renderDiffLines = ({
+  parsedLines,
+  filename,
   tabWidth = DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH,
-  availableTerminalHeight: number | undefined,
-  terminalWidth: number,
-) => {
+  terminalWidth,
+  disableColor = false,
+}: RenderDiffLinesOptions): React.ReactNode[] => {
   // 1. Normalize whitespace (replace tabs with spaces) *before* further processing
   const normalizedLines = parsedLines.map((line) => ({
     ...line,
@@ -214,15 +238,16 @@ const renderDiffContent = (
   );
 
   if (displayableLines.length === 0) {
-    return (
+    return [
       <Box
+        key="no-changes"
         borderStyle="round"
         borderColor={semanticTheme.border.default}
         padding={1}
       >
         <Text dimColor>No changes detected.</Text>
-      </Box>
-    );
+      </Box>,
+    ];
   }
 
   const maxLineNumber = Math.max(
@@ -232,7 +257,7 @@ const renderDiffContent = (
   );
   const gutterWidth = Math.max(1, maxLineNumber.toString().length);
 
-  const fileExtension = filename?.split('.').pop() || null;
+  const fileExtension = getFileExtension(filename);
   const language = fileExtension
     ? getLanguageFromExtension(fileExtension)
     : null;
@@ -252,10 +277,6 @@ const renderDiffContent = (
     baseIndentation = 0;
   }
 
-  const key = filename
-    ? `diff-box-${filename}`
-    : `diff-box-${crypto.createHash('sha1').update(JSON.stringify(parsedLines)).digest('hex')}`;
-
   let lastLineNumber: number | null = null;
   const MAX_CONTEXT_LINES_WITHOUT_GAP = 5;
 
@@ -321,12 +342,26 @@ const renderDiffContent = (
 
       const displayContent = line.content.substring(baseIndentation);
 
-      const backgroundColor =
-        line.type === 'add'
+      const backgroundColor = disableColor
+        ? undefined
+        : line.type === 'add'
           ? semanticTheme.background.diff.added
           : line.type === 'del'
             ? semanticTheme.background.diff.removed
             : undefined;
+
+      const gutterColor = disableColor
+        ? undefined
+        : semanticTheme.text.secondary;
+
+      const symbolColor = disableColor
+        ? undefined
+        : line.type === 'add'
+          ? semanticTheme.status.success
+          : line.type === 'del'
+            ? semanticTheme.status.error
+            : undefined;
+
       acc.push(
         <Box key={lineKey} flexDirection="row">
           <Box
@@ -336,32 +371,24 @@ const renderDiffContent = (
             backgroundColor={backgroundColor}
             justifyContent="flex-end"
           >
-            <Text color={semanticTheme.text.secondary}>{gutterNumStr}</Text>
+            <Text color={gutterColor}>{gutterNumStr}</Text>
           </Box>
           {line.type === 'context' ? (
             <>
               <Text>{prefixSymbol} </Text>
-              <Text wrap="wrap">{colorizeLine(displayContent, language)}</Text>
+              <Text wrap="wrap">
+                {colorizeLine(
+                  displayContent,
+                  language,
+                  undefined,
+                  disableColor,
+                )}
+              </Text>
             </>
           ) : (
-            <Text
-              backgroundColor={
-                line.type === 'add'
-                  ? semanticTheme.background.diff.added
-                  : semanticTheme.background.diff.removed
-              }
-              wrap="wrap"
-            >
-              <Text
-                color={
-                  line.type === 'add'
-                    ? semanticTheme.status.success
-                    : semanticTheme.status.error
-                }
-              >
-                {prefixSymbol}
-              </Text>{' '}
-              {colorizeLine(displayContent, language)}
+            <Text backgroundColor={backgroundColor} wrap="wrap">
+              <Text color={symbolColor}>{prefixSymbol}</Text>{' '}
+              {colorizeLine(displayContent, language, undefined, disableColor)}
             </Text>
           )}
         </Box>,
@@ -371,15 +398,7 @@ const renderDiffContent = (
     [],
   );
 
-  return (
-    <MaxSizedBox
-      maxHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
-      maxWidth={terminalWidth}
-      key={key}
-    >
-      {content}
-    </MaxSizedBox>
-  );
+  return content;
 };
 
 const getLanguageFromExtension = (extension: string): string | null => {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ShellToolMessage.test.tsx

@@ -19,8 +19,12 @@ import { renderWithProviders } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { createMockSettings } from '../../../test-utils/settings.js';
 import { makeFakeConfig } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { waitFor } from '../../../test-utils/async.js';
-import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest';
 import { SHELL_COMMAND_NAME, ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES } from '../../constants.js';
+import {
+  SHELL_CONTENT_OVERHEAD,
+  TOOL_RESULT_STANDARD_RESERVED_LINE_COUNT,
+} from '../../utils/toolLayoutUtils.js';
 
 describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
   const baseProps: ShellToolMessageProps = {
@@ -35,6 +39,7 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
     isFirst: true,
     borderColor: 'green',
     borderDimColor: false,
+    isExpandable: false,
     config: {
       getEnableInteractiveShell: () => true,
     } as unknown as Config,
@@ -52,6 +57,11 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.useRealTimers();
   });
 
   describe('interactive shell focus', () => {
@@ -59,14 +69,14 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
       ['SHELL_COMMAND_NAME', SHELL_COMMAND_NAME],
       ['SHELL_TOOL_NAME', SHELL_TOOL_NAME],
     ])('clicks inside the shell area sets focus for %s', async (_, name) => {
-      const { lastFrame, simulateClick, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
-        <ShellToolMessage {...baseProps} name={name} />,
-        { uiActions, mouseEventsEnabled: true },
-      );
+      const { lastFrame, simulateClick, unmount, waitUntilReady } =
+        await renderWithProviders(
+          <ShellToolMessage {...baseProps} name={name} />,
+          { uiActions, mouseEventsEnabled: true },
+        );
 
-      await waitFor(() => {
-        expect(lastFrame()).toContain('A shell command');
-      });
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('A shell command');
 
       await simulateClick(2, 2);
 
@@ -75,6 +85,7 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
       });
       unmount();
     });
+
     it('resets focus when shell finishes', async () => {
       let updateStatus: (s: CoreToolCallStatus) => void = () => {};
 
@@ -86,19 +97,21 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
         return <ShellToolMessage {...baseProps} status={status} ptyId={1} />;
       };
 
-      const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(<Wrapper />, {
-        uiActions,
-        uiState: {
-          streamingState: StreamingState.Idle,
-          embeddedShellFocused: true,
-          activePtyId: 1,
+      const { lastFrame, unmount, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+        <Wrapper />,
+        {
+          uiActions,
+          uiState: {
+            streamingState: StreamingState.Idle,
+            embeddedShellFocused: true,
+            activePtyId: 1,
+          },
         },
-      });
+      );
 
       // Verify it is initially focused
-      await waitFor(() => {
-        expect(lastFrame()).toContain('(Shift+Tab to unfocus)');
-      });
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      expect(lastFrame()).toContain('(Shift+Tab to unfocus)');
 
       // Now update status to Success
       await act(async () => {
@@ -184,29 +197,33 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
       [
         'respects availableTerminalHeight when it is smaller than ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES',
         10,
-        7,
+        10 - TOOL_RESULT_STANDARD_RESERVED_LINE_COUNT, // 7 (Header height is 3, but calculation uses reserved=3)
         false,
         true,
+        false,
       ],
       [
         'uses ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES when availableTerminalHeight is large',
         100,
-        ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES - 4,
+        ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES - SHELL_CONTENT_OVERHEAD, // 11
         false,
         true,
+        false,
       ],
       [
         'uses full availableTerminalHeight when focused in alternate buffer mode',
         100,
-        97,
+        100 - TOOL_RESULT_STANDARD_RESERVED_LINE_COUNT, // 97
         true,
         false,
+        false,
       ],
       [
         'defaults to ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES in alternate buffer when availableTerminalHeight is undefined',
         undefined,
-        ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES - 4,
+        ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES - SHELL_CONTENT_OVERHEAD, // 11
         false,
+        true,
         false,
       ],
     ])(
@@ -217,29 +234,34 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
         expectedMaxLines,
         focused,
         constrainHeight,
+        isExpandable,
       ) => {
-        const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
-          <ShellToolMessage
-            {...baseProps}
-            resultDisplay={LONG_OUTPUT}
-            renderOutputAsMarkdown={false}
-            availableTerminalHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
-            ptyId={1}
-            status={CoreToolCallStatus.Executing}
-          />,
-          {
-            uiActions,
-            config: makeFakeConfig({ useAlternateBuffer: true }),
-            settings: createMockSettings({
-              ui: { useAlternateBuffer: true },
-            }),
-            uiState: {
-              activePtyId: focused ? 1 : 2,
-              embeddedShellFocused: focused,
-              constrainHeight,
+        const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady, unmount } =
+          await renderWithProviders(
+            <ShellToolMessage
+              {...baseProps}
+              resultDisplay={LONG_OUTPUT}
+              renderOutputAsMarkdown={false}
+              availableTerminalHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
+              ptyId={1}
+              status={CoreToolCallStatus.Executing}
+              isExpandable={isExpandable}
+            />,
+            {
+              uiActions,
+              config: makeFakeConfig({ useAlternateBuffer: true }),
+              settings: createMockSettings({
+                ui: { useAlternateBuffer: true },
+              }),
+              uiState: {
+                activePtyId: focused ? 1 : 2,
+                embeddedShellFocused: focused,
+                constrainHeight,
+              },
             },
-          },
-        );
+          );
+
+        await waitUntilReady();
 
         const frame = lastFrame();
         expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(expectedMaxLines);
@@ -249,7 +271,7 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
     );
 
     it('fully expands in standard mode when availableTerminalHeight is undefined', async () => {
-      const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
+      const { lastFrame, unmount, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
         <ShellToolMessage
           {...baseProps}
           resultDisplay={LONG_OUTPUT}
@@ -264,16 +286,15 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
         },
       );
 
-      await waitFor(() => {
-        const frame = lastFrame();
-        // Should show all 100 lines
-        expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(100);
-      });
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      const frame = lastFrame();
+      // Should show all 100 lines
+      expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(100);
       unmount();
     });
 
     it('fully expands in alternate buffer mode when constrainHeight is false and isExpandable is true', async () => {
-      const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
+      const { lastFrame, unmount, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
         <ShellToolMessage
           {...baseProps}
           resultDisplay={LONG_OUTPUT}
@@ -292,17 +313,16 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
         },
       );
 
-      await waitFor(() => {
-        const frame = lastFrame();
-        // Should show all 100 lines because constrainHeight is false and isExpandable is true
-        expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(100);
-      });
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      const frame = lastFrame();
+      // Should show all 100 lines because constrainHeight is false and isExpandable is true
+      expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(100);
       expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
       unmount();
     });
 
     it('stays constrained in alternate buffer mode when isExpandable is false even if constrainHeight is false', async () => {
-      const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
+      const { lastFrame, unmount, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
         <ShellToolMessage
           {...baseProps}
           resultDisplay={LONG_OUTPUT}
@@ -321,11 +341,12 @@ describe('<ShellToolMessage />', () => {
         },
       );
 
-      await waitFor(() => {
-        const frame = lastFrame();
-        // Should still be constrained to 11 (15 - 4) because isExpandable is false
-        expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(11);
-      });
+      await waitUntilReady();
+      const frame = lastFrame();
+      // Should still be constrained to 11 (15 - 4) because isExpandable is false
+      expect(frame.match(/Line \d+/g)?.length).toBe(
+        ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES - SHELL_CONTENT_OVERHEAD,
+      );
       expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
       unmount();
     });

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolConfirmationMessage.test.tsx

@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ describe('ToolConfirmationMessage', () => {
     confirm: mockConfirm,
     cancel: vi.fn(),
     isDiffingEnabled: false,
+    isExpanded: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+    toggleExpansion: vi.fn(),
+    toggleAllExpansion: vi.fn(),
   });
 
   const mockConfig = {
@@ -458,7 +461,11 @@ describe('ToolConfirmationMessage', () => {
         confirm: vi.fn(),
         cancel: vi.fn(),
         isDiffingEnabled: false,
+        isExpanded: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        toggleExpansion: vi.fn(),
+        toggleAllExpansion: vi.fn(),
       });
+
       const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
         <ToolConfirmationMessage
           callId="test-call-id"
@@ -485,7 +492,11 @@ describe('ToolConfirmationMessage', () => {
         confirm: vi.fn(),
         cancel: vi.fn(),
         isDiffingEnabled: false,
+        isExpanded: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        toggleExpansion: vi.fn(),
+        toggleAllExpansion: vi.fn(),
       });
+
       const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
         <ToolConfirmationMessage
           callId="test-call-id"
@@ -512,6 +523,9 @@ describe('ToolConfirmationMessage', () => {
         confirm: vi.fn(),
         cancel: vi.fn(),
         isDiffingEnabled: true,
+        isExpanded: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        toggleExpansion: vi.fn(),
+        toggleAllExpansion: vi.fn(),
       });
 
       const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
@@ -728,6 +742,9 @@ describe('ToolConfirmationMessage', () => {
         confirm: mockConfirm,
         cancel: vi.fn(),
         isDiffingEnabled: false,
+        isExpanded: vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        toggleExpansion: vi.fn(),
+        toggleAllExpansion: vi.fn(),
       });
       const confirmationDetails: SerializableConfirmationDetails = {
         type: 'info',

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolGroupMessage.compact.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { renderWithProviders } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
+import { createMockSettings } from '../../../test-utils/mockConfig.js';
+import { ToolGroupMessage } from './ToolGroupMessage.js';
+import {
+  CoreToolCallStatus,
+  LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  READ_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import { expect, it, describe } from 'vitest';
+import type { IndividualToolCallDisplay } from '../../types.js';
+
+describe('ToolGroupMessage Compact Rendering', () => {
+  const defaultProps = {
+    item: {
+      id: '1',
+      role: 'assistant',
+      content: '',
+      timestamp: new Date(),
+      type: 'help' as const, // Adding type property to satisfy HistoryItem type
+    },
+    terminalWidth: 80,
+  };
+
+  const compactSettings = createMockSettings({
+    merged: {
+      ui: {
+        compactToolOutput: true,
+      },
+    },
+  });
+
+  it('renders consecutive compact tools without empty lines between them', async () => {
+    const toolCalls: IndividualToolCallDisplay[] = [
+      {
+        callId: 'call1',
+        name: LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'file1.txt\nfile2.txt',
+        description: 'Listing files',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+      {
+        callId: 'call2',
+        name: LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'file3.txt',
+        description: 'Listing files',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <ToolGroupMessage {...defaultProps} toolCalls={toolCalls} />,
+      { settings: compactSettings },
+    );
+
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('does not add an extra empty line between a compact tool and a standard tool', async () => {
+    const toolCalls: IndividualToolCallDisplay[] = [
+      {
+        callId: 'call1',
+        name: LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'file1.txt',
+        description: 'Listing files',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+      {
+        callId: 'call2',
+        name: 'non-compact-tool',
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'some large output',
+        description: 'Doing something',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <ToolGroupMessage {...defaultProps} toolCalls={toolCalls} />,
+      { settings: compactSettings },
+    );
+
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('does not add an extra empty line if a compact tool has a dense payload', async () => {
+    const toolCalls: IndividualToolCallDisplay[] = [
+      {
+        callId: 'call1',
+        name: LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'file1.txt',
+        description: 'Listing files',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+      {
+        callId: 'call2',
+        name: READ_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: {
+          summary: 'read file',
+          payload: 'file content',
+          files: ['file.txt'],
+        }, // Dense payload
+        description: 'Reading file',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <ToolGroupMessage {...defaultProps} toolCalls={toolCalls} />,
+      { settings: compactSettings },
+    );
+
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+
+  it('does not add an extra empty line between a standard tool and a compact tool', async () => {
+    const toolCalls: IndividualToolCallDisplay[] = [
+      {
+        callId: 'call1',
+        name: 'non-compact-tool',
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'some large output',
+        description: 'Doing something',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+      {
+        callId: 'call2',
+        name: LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+        status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
+        resultDisplay: 'file1.txt',
+        description: 'Listing files',
+        confirmationDetails: undefined,
+        isClientInitiated: true,
+        parentCallId: undefined,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    const { lastFrame, waitUntilReady } = await renderWithProviders(
+      <ToolGroupMessage {...defaultProps} toolCalls={toolCalls} />,
+      { settings: compactSettings },
+    );
+
+    await waitUntilReady();
+    const output = lastFrame();
+    expect(output).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolGroupMessage.test.tsx

@@ -7,13 +7,10 @@
 import { renderWithProviders } from '../../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { describe, it, expect, vi, afterEach } from 'vitest';
 import { ToolGroupMessage } from './ToolGroupMessage.js';
-import type {
-  HistoryItem,
-  HistoryItemWithoutId,
-  IndividualToolCallDisplay,
-} from '../../types.js';
-import { Scrollable } from '../shared/Scrollable.js';
 import {
+  UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+  TOPIC_PARAM_TITLE,
+  TOPIC_PARAM_STRATEGIC_INTENT,
   makeFakeConfig,
   CoreToolCallStatus,
   ApprovalMode,
@@ -23,6 +20,12 @@ import {
   READ_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
   GLOB_DISPLAY_NAME,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import type {
+  HistoryItem,
+  HistoryItemWithoutId,
+  IndividualToolCallDisplay,
+} from '../../types.js';
+import { Scrollable } from '../shared/Scrollable.js';
 import os from 'node:os';
 import { createMockSettings } from '../../../test-utils/settings.js';
 
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ describe('<ToolGroupMessage />', () => {
   ): IndividualToolCallDisplay => ({
     callId: 'tool-123',
     name: 'test-tool',
+    args: {},
     description: 'A tool for testing',
     resultDisplay: 'Test result',
     status: CoreToolCallStatus.Success,
@@ -253,8 +257,71 @@ describe('<ToolGroupMessage />', () => {
       unmount();
     });
 
-    it('renders mixed tool calls including shell command', async () => {
+    it('renders update_topic tool call using TopicMessage', async () => {
       const toolCalls = [
+        createToolCall({
+          callId: 'topic-tool',
+          name: UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+          args: {
+            [TOPIC_PARAM_TITLE]: 'Testing Topic',
+            [TOPIC_PARAM_STRATEGIC_INTENT]: 'This is the description',
+          },
+        }),
+      ];
+      const item = createItem(toolCalls);
+
+      const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
+        <ToolGroupMessage {...baseProps} item={item} toolCalls={toolCalls} />,
+        {
+          config: baseMockConfig,
+          settings: fullVerbositySettings,
+        },
+      );
+
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      expect(output).toContain('Testing Topic');
+      expect(output).toContain('— This is the description');
+      expect(output).toMatchSnapshot('update_topic_tool');
+      unmount();
+    });
+
+    it('renders update_topic tool call with summary instead of strategic_intent', async () => {
+      const toolCalls = [
+        createToolCall({
+          callId: 'topic-tool-summary',
+          name: UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+          args: {
+            [TOPIC_PARAM_TITLE]: 'Testing Topic',
+            summary: 'This is the summary',
+          },
+        }),
+      ];
+      const item = createItem(toolCalls);
+
+      const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
+        <ToolGroupMessage {...baseProps} item={item} toolCalls={toolCalls} />,
+        {
+          config: baseMockConfig,
+          settings: fullVerbositySettings,
+        },
+      );
+
+      const output = lastFrame();
+      expect(output).toContain('Testing Topic');
+      expect(output).toContain('— This is the summary');
+      unmount();
+    });
+
+    it('renders mixed tool calls including update_topic', async () => {
+      const toolCalls = [
+        createToolCall({
+          callId: 'topic-tool-mixed',
+          name: UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+          args: {
+            [TOPIC_PARAM_TITLE]: 'Testing Topic',
+            [TOPIC_PARAM_STRATEGIC_INTENT]: 'This is the description',
+          },
+        }),
         createToolCall({
           callId: 'tool-1',
           name: 'read_file',
@@ -414,7 +481,7 @@ describe('<ToolGroupMessage />', () => {
       ];
       const item = createItem(toolCalls);
       const { lastFrame, unmount } = await renderWithProviders(
-        <Scrollable height={10} hasFocus={true} scrollToBottom={true}>
+        <Scrollable height={12} hasFocus={true} scrollToBottom={true}>
           <ToolGroupMessage {...baseProps} item={item} toolCalls={toolCalls} />
         </Scrollable>,
         {

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolGroupMessage.tsx

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import type React from 'react';
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useMemo, Fragment } from 'react';
 import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
 import type {
   HistoryItem,
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ import type {
 import { ToolCallStatus, mapCoreStatusToDisplayStatus } from '../../types.js';
 import { ToolMessage } from './ToolMessage.js';
 import { ShellToolMessage } from './ShellToolMessage.js';
+import { TopicMessage, isTopicTool } from './TopicMessage.js';
 import { SubagentGroupDisplay } from './SubagentGroupDisplay.js';
+import { DenseToolMessage } from './DenseToolMessage.js';
 import { theme } from '../../semantic-colors.js';
 import { useConfig } from '../../contexts/ConfigContext.js';
 import { isShellTool } from './ToolShared.js';
@@ -23,10 +25,84 @@ import {
   shouldHideToolCall,
   CoreToolCallStatus,
   Kind,
+  EDIT_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  GLOB_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  WEB_SEARCH_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  READ_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  GREP_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  WEB_FETCH_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  WRITE_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  READ_MANY_FILES_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  isFileDiff,
+  isGrepResult,
+  isListResult,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { useUIState } from '../../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import { getToolGroupBorderAppearance } from '../../utils/borderStyles.js';
 import { useSettings } from '../../contexts/SettingsContext.js';
+import {
+  TOOL_RESULT_STATIC_HEIGHT,
+  TOOL_RESULT_STANDARD_RESERVED_LINE_COUNT,
+} from '../../utils/toolLayoutUtils.js';
+
+const COMPACT_OUTPUT_ALLOWLIST = new Set([
+  EDIT_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  GLOB_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  WEB_SEARCH_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  READ_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  LS_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  GREP_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  WEB_FETCH_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  WRITE_FILE_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  READ_MANY_FILES_DISPLAY_NAME,
+]);
+
+// Helper to identify if a tool should use the compact view
+export const isCompactTool = (
+  tool: IndividualToolCallDisplay,
+  isCompactModeEnabled: boolean,
+): boolean => {
+  const hasCompactOutputSupport = COMPACT_OUTPUT_ALLOWLIST.has(tool.name);
+  const displayStatus = mapCoreStatusToDisplayStatus(tool.status);
+  return (
+    isCompactModeEnabled &&
+    hasCompactOutputSupport &&
+    displayStatus !== ToolCallStatus.Confirming
+  );
+};
+
+// Helper to identify if a compact tool has a payload (diff, list, etc.)
+export const hasDensePayload = (tool: IndividualToolCallDisplay): boolean => {
+  if (tool.outputFile) return true;
+  const res = tool.resultDisplay;
+  if (!res) return false;
+
+  // TODO(24053): Usage of type guards makes this class too aware of internals
+  if (isFileDiff(res)) return true;
+  if (tool.confirmationDetails?.type === 'edit') return true;
+  if (isGrepResult(res) && res.matches.length > 0) return true;
+
+  // ReadManyFilesResult check (has 'include' and 'files')
+  if (isListResult(res) && 'include' in res) {
+    const includeProp = (res as { include?: unknown }).include;
+    if (Array.isArray(includeProp) && res.files.length > 0) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Generic summary/payload pattern
+  if (
+    typeof res === 'object' &&
+    res !== null &&
+    'summary' in res &&
+    'payload' in res
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+};
 
 interface ToolGroupMessageProps {
   item: HistoryItem | HistoryItemWithoutId;
@@ -53,11 +129,13 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
 }) => {
   const settings = useSettings();
   const isLowErrorVerbosity = settings.merged.ui?.errorVerbosity !== 'full';
+  const isCompactModeEnabled = settings.merged.ui?.compactToolOutput === true;
 
   // Filter out tool calls that should be hidden (e.g. in-progress Ask User, or Plan Mode operations).
-  const toolCalls = useMemo(
+  const visibleToolCalls = useMemo(
     () =>
       allToolCalls.filter((t) => {
+        // Hide internal errors unless full verbosity
         if (
           isLowErrorVerbosity &&
           t.status === CoreToolCallStatus.Error &&
@@ -65,26 +143,43 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
         ) {
           return false;
         }
+        // Standard hiding logic (e.g. Plan Mode internal edits)
+        if (
+          shouldHideToolCall({
+            displayName: t.name,
+            status: t.status,
+            approvalMode: t.approvalMode,
+            hasResultDisplay: !!t.resultDisplay,
+            parentCallId: t.parentCallId,
+          })
+        ) {
+          return false;
+        }
 
-        return !shouldHideToolCall({
-          displayName: t.name,
-          status: t.status,
-          approvalMode: t.approvalMode,
-          hasResultDisplay: !!t.resultDisplay,
-          parentCallId: t.parentCallId,
-        });
+        // We HIDE tools that are still in pre-execution states (Confirming, Pending)
+        // from the History log. They live in the Global Queue or wait for their turn.
+        // Only show tools that are actually running or finished.
+        const displayStatus = mapCoreStatusToDisplayStatus(t.status);
+
+        // We hide Confirming tools from the history log because they are
+        // currently being rendered in the interactive ToolConfirmationQueue.
+        // We show everything else, including Pending (waiting to run) and
+        // Canceled (rejected by user), to ensure the history is complete
+        // and to avoid tools "vanishing" after approval.
+        return displayStatus !== ToolCallStatus.Confirming;
       }),
     [allToolCalls, isLowErrorVerbosity],
   );
 
-  const config = useConfig();
   const {
     activePtyId,
     embeddedShellFocused,
-    backgroundShells,
+    backgroundTasks,
     pendingHistoryItems,
   } = useUIState();
 
+  const config = useConfig();
+
   const { borderColor, borderDimColor } = useMemo(
     () =>
       getToolGroupBorderAppearance(
@@ -92,52 +187,17 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
         activePtyId,
         embeddedShellFocused,
         pendingHistoryItems,
-        backgroundShells,
+        backgroundTasks,
       ),
     [
       item,
       activePtyId,
       embeddedShellFocused,
       pendingHistoryItems,
-      backgroundShells,
+      backgroundTasks,
     ],
   );
 
-  // We HIDE tools that are still in pre-execution states (Confirming, Pending)
-  // from the History log. They live in the Global Queue or wait for their turn.
-  // Only show tools that are actually running or finished.
-  // We explicitly exclude Pending and Confirming to ensure they only
-  // appear in the Global Queue until they are approved and start executing.
-  const visibleToolCalls = useMemo(
-    () =>
-      toolCalls.filter((t) => {
-        const displayStatus = mapCoreStatusToDisplayStatus(t.status);
-        // We hide Confirming tools from the history log because they are
-        // currently being rendered in the interactive ToolConfirmationQueue.
-        // We show everything else, including Pending (waiting to run) and
-        // Canceled (rejected by user), to ensure the history is complete
-        // and to avoid tools "vanishing" after approval.
-        return displayStatus !== ToolCallStatus.Confirming;
-      }),
-
-    [toolCalls],
-  );
-
-  const staticHeight = /* border */ 2;
-
-  let countToolCallsWithResults = 0;
-  for (const tool of visibleToolCalls) {
-    if (
-      tool.kind !== Kind.Agent &&
-      tool.resultDisplay !== undefined &&
-      tool.resultDisplay !== ''
-    ) {
-      countToolCallsWithResults++;
-    }
-  }
-  const countOneLineToolCalls =
-    visibleToolCalls.filter((t) => t.kind !== Kind.Agent).length -
-    countToolCallsWithResults;
   const groupedTools = useMemo(() => {
     const groups: Array<
       IndividualToolCallDisplay | IndividualToolCallDisplay[]
@@ -157,10 +217,81 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
     return groups;
   }, [visibleToolCalls]);
 
+  const staticHeight = useMemo(() => {
+    let height = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < groupedTools.length; i++) {
+      const group = groupedTools[i];
+      const isFirst = i === 0;
+      const isLast = i === groupedTools.length - 1;
+      const prevGroup = i > 0 ? groupedTools[i - 1] : null;
+      const prevIsCompact =
+        prevGroup &&
+        !Array.isArray(prevGroup) &&
+        isCompactTool(prevGroup, isCompactModeEnabled);
+
+      const nextGroup = !isLast ? groupedTools[i + 1] : null;
+      const nextIsCompact =
+        nextGroup &&
+        !Array.isArray(nextGroup) &&
+        isCompactTool(nextGroup, isCompactModeEnabled);
+
+      const isAgentGroup = Array.isArray(group);
+      const isCompact =
+        !isAgentGroup && isCompactTool(group, isCompactModeEnabled);
+
+      const showClosingBorder = !isCompact && (nextIsCompact || isLast);
+
+      if (isFirst) {
+        height += borderTopOverride ? 1 : 0;
+      } else if (isCompact !== prevIsCompact) {
+        // Add a 1-line gap when transitioning between compact and standard tools (or vice versa)
+        height += 1;
+      }
+
+      const isFirstProp = !!(isFirst
+        ? (borderTopOverride ?? true)
+        : prevIsCompact);
+
+      if (isAgentGroup) {
+        // Agent group
+        height += 1; // Header
+        height += group.length; // 1 line per agent
+        if (isFirstProp) height += 1; // Top border
+        if (showClosingBorder) height += 1; // Bottom border
+      } else {
+        if (isCompact) {
+          height += 1; // Base height for compact tool
+        } else {
+          // Static overhead for standard tool header:
+          height +=
+            TOOL_RESULT_STATIC_HEIGHT +
+            TOOL_RESULT_STANDARD_RESERVED_LINE_COUNT;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return height;
+  }, [groupedTools, isCompactModeEnabled, borderTopOverride]);
+
+  let countToolCallsWithResults = 0;
+  for (const tool of visibleToolCalls) {
+    if (tool.kind !== Kind.Agent) {
+      if (isCompactTool(tool, isCompactModeEnabled)) {
+        if (hasDensePayload(tool)) {
+          countToolCallsWithResults++;
+        }
+      } else if (
+        tool.resultDisplay !== undefined &&
+        tool.resultDisplay !== ''
+      ) {
+        countToolCallsWithResults++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   const availableTerminalHeightPerToolMessage = availableTerminalHeight
     ? Math.max(
         Math.floor(
-          (availableTerminalHeight - staticHeight - countOneLineToolCalls) /
+          (availableTerminalHeight - staticHeight) /
             Math.max(1, countToolCallsWithResults),
         ),
         1,
@@ -175,7 +306,11 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
   // explicit "closing slice" (tools: []) used to bridge static/pending sections,
   // and only if it's actually continuing an open box from above.
   const isExplicitClosingSlice = allToolCalls.length === 0;
-  if (visibleToolCalls.length === 0 && !isExplicitClosingSlice) {
+  const shouldShowGroup =
+    visibleToolCalls.length > 0 ||
+    (isExplicitClosingSlice && borderBottomOverride === true);
+
+  if (!shouldShowGroup) {
     return null;
   }
 
@@ -190,26 +325,112 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
     */
       width={terminalWidth}
       paddingRight={TOOL_MESSAGE_HORIZONTAL_MARGIN}
+      // When border will be present, add margin of 1 to create spacing from the
+      // previous message.
+      marginBottom={(borderBottomOverride ?? true) ? 1 : 0}
     >
+      {visibleToolCalls.length === 0 &&
+        isExplicitClosingSlice &&
+        borderBottomOverride === true && (
+          <Box
+            width={contentWidth}
+            borderLeft={true}
+            borderRight={true}
+            borderTop={false}
+            borderBottom={true}
+            borderColor={borderColor}
+            borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
+            borderStyle="round"
+          />
+        )}
       {groupedTools.map((group, index) => {
-        const isFirst = index === 0;
-        const resolvedIsFirst =
-          borderTopOverride !== undefined
-            ? borderTopOverride && isFirst
-            : isFirst;
+        let isFirst = index === 0;
+        if (!isFirst) {
+          // Check if all previous tools were topics
+          let allPreviousWereTopics = true;
+          for (let i = 0; i < index; i++) {
+            const prevGroup = groupedTools[i];
+            if (Array.isArray(prevGroup) || !isTopicTool(prevGroup.name)) {
+              allPreviousWereTopics = false;
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+          isFirst = allPreviousWereTopics;
+        }
 
-        if (Array.isArray(group)) {
+        const isLast = index === groupedTools.length - 1;
+
+        const prevGroup = index > 0 ? groupedTools[index - 1] : null;
+        const prevIsCompact =
+          prevGroup &&
+          !Array.isArray(prevGroup) &&
+          isCompactTool(prevGroup, isCompactModeEnabled);
+
+        const nextGroup = !isLast ? groupedTools[index + 1] : null;
+        const nextIsCompact =
+          nextGroup &&
+          !Array.isArray(nextGroup) &&
+          isCompactTool(nextGroup, isCompactModeEnabled);
+
+        const isAgentGroup = Array.isArray(group);
+        const isCompact =
+          !isAgentGroup && isCompactTool(group, isCompactModeEnabled);
+        const isTopicToolCall = !isAgentGroup && isTopicTool(group.name);
+
+        // When border is present, add margin of 1 to create spacing from the
+        // previous message.
+        let marginTop = 0;
+        if (isFirst) {
+          marginTop = (borderTopOverride ?? false) ? 1 : 0;
+        } else if (isCompact && prevIsCompact) {
+          marginTop = 0;
+        } else if (isCompact || prevIsCompact) {
+          marginTop = 1;
+        } else {
+          // For subsequent standard tools scenarios, the ToolMessage and
+          // ShellToolMessage components manage their own top spacing by passing
+          // `isFirst=false` to their internal StickyHeader which then applies
+          // a paddingTop=1 to create desired gap between standard tool outputs.
+          marginTop = 0;
+        }
+
+        const isFirstProp = !!(isFirst
+          ? (borderTopOverride ?? true)
+          : prevIsCompact);
+
+        const showClosingBorder =
+          !isCompact && !isTopicToolCall && (nextIsCompact || isLast);
+
+        if (isAgentGroup) {
           return (
-            <SubagentGroupDisplay
+            <Box
               key={group[0].callId}
-              toolCalls={group}
-              availableTerminalHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
-              terminalWidth={contentWidth}
-              borderColor={borderColor}
-              borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
-              isFirst={resolvedIsFirst}
-              isExpandable={isExpandable}
-            />
+              marginTop={marginTop}
+              flexDirection="column"
+              width={contentWidth}
+            >
+              <SubagentGroupDisplay
+                toolCalls={group}
+                availableTerminalHeight={availableTerminalHeight}
+                terminalWidth={contentWidth}
+                borderColor={borderColor}
+                borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
+                isFirst={isFirstProp}
+                isExpandable={isExpandable}
+              />
+              {showClosingBorder && (
+                <Box
+                  width={contentWidth}
+                  borderLeft={true}
+                  borderRight={true}
+                  borderTop={false}
+                  borderBottom={isLast ? (borderBottomOverride ?? true) : true}
+                  borderColor={borderColor}
+                  borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
+                  borderStyle="round"
+                />
+              )}
+            </Box>
           );
         }
 
@@ -221,67 +442,65 @@ export const ToolGroupMessage: React.FC<ToolGroupMessageProps> = ({
           availableTerminalHeight: availableTerminalHeightPerToolMessage,
           terminalWidth: contentWidth,
           emphasis: 'medium' as const,
-          isFirst: resolvedIsFirst,
+          isFirst: isCompact ? false : isFirstProp,
           borderColor,
           borderDimColor,
           isExpandable,
         };
 
         return (
-          <Box
-            key={tool.callId}
-            flexDirection="column"
-            minHeight={1}
-            width={contentWidth}
-          >
-            {isShellToolCall ? (
-              <ShellToolMessage {...commonProps} config={config} />
-            ) : (
-              <ToolMessage {...commonProps} />
-            )}
-            {tool.outputFile && (
+          <Fragment key={tool.callId}>
+            <Box
+              flexDirection="column"
+              minHeight={1}
+              width={contentWidth}
+              marginTop={marginTop}
+            >
+              {isCompact ? (
+                <DenseToolMessage {...commonProps} />
+              ) : isTopicToolCall ? (
+                <TopicMessage {...commonProps} />
+              ) : isShellToolCall ? (
+                <ShellToolMessage {...commonProps} config={config} />
+              ) : (
+                <ToolMessage {...commonProps} />
+              )}
+              {!isCompact && tool.outputFile && (
+                <Box
+                  borderLeft={true}
+                  borderRight={true}
+                  borderTop={false}
+                  borderBottom={false}
+                  borderColor={borderColor}
+                  borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
+                  flexDirection="column"
+                  borderStyle="round"
+                  paddingLeft={1}
+                  paddingRight={1}
+                >
+                  <Box>
+                    <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
+                      Output too long and was saved to: {tool.outputFile}
+                    </Text>
+                  </Box>
+                </Box>
+              )}
+            </Box>
+            {showClosingBorder && (
               <Box
+                width={contentWidth}
                 borderLeft={true}
                 borderRight={true}
                 borderTop={false}
-                borderBottom={false}
+                borderBottom={isLast ? (borderBottomOverride ?? true) : true}
                 borderColor={borderColor}
                 borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
-                flexDirection="column"
                 borderStyle="round"
-                paddingLeft={1}
-                paddingRight={1}
-              >
-                <Box>
-                  <Text color={theme.text.primary}>
-                    Output too long and was saved to: {tool.outputFile}
-                  </Text>
-                </Box>
-              </Box>
+              />
             )}
-          </Box>
+          </Fragment>
         );
       })}
-      {
-        /*
-            We have to keep the bottom border separate so it doesn't get
-            drawn over by the sticky header directly inside it.
-           */
-        (visibleToolCalls.length > 0 || borderBottomOverride !== undefined) &&
-          borderBottomOverride !== false && (
-            <Box
-              height={0}
-              width={contentWidth}
-              borderLeft={true}
-              borderRight={true}
-              borderTop={false}
-              borderBottom={borderBottomOverride ?? true}
-              borderColor={borderColor}
-              borderDimColor={borderDimColor}
-              borderStyle="round"
-            />
-          )
-      }
     </Box>
   );
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolResultDisplay.tsx

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
   type AnsiOutput,
   type AnsiLine,
   isSubagentProgress,
+  isStructuredToolResult,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { useUIState } from '../../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import { tryParseJSON } from '../../../utils/jsonoutput.js';
@@ -123,7 +124,28 @@ export const ToolResultDisplay: React.FC<ToolResultDisplayProps> = ({
           {contentData}
         </Text>
       );
-    } else if (typeof contentData === 'object' && 'fileDiff' in contentData) {
+    } else if (isStructuredToolResult(contentData)) {
+      if (renderOutputAsMarkdown) {
+        content = (
+          <MarkdownDisplay
+            text={contentData.summary}
+            terminalWidth={childWidth}
+            renderMarkdown={renderMarkdown}
+            isPending={false}
+          />
+        );
+      } else {
+        content = (
+          <Text wrap="wrap" color={theme.text.primary}>
+            {contentData.summary}
+          </Text>
+        );
+      }
+    } else if (
+      typeof contentData === 'object' &&
+      contentData !== null &&
+      'fileDiff' in contentData
+    ) {
       content = (
         <DiffRenderer
           diffContent={
@@ -157,10 +179,13 @@ export const ToolResultDisplay: React.FC<ToolResultDisplayProps> = ({
 
     // Final render based on session mode
     if (isAlternateBuffer) {
+      // Use maxLines if provided, otherwise fall back to the calculated available height
+      const effectiveMaxHeight = maxLines ?? availableHeight;
+
       return (
         <Scrollable
           width={childWidth}
-          maxHeight={maxLines ?? availableHeight}
+          maxHeight={effectiveMaxHeight}
           hasFocus={hasFocus} // Allow scrolling via keyboard (Shift+Up/Down)
           scrollToBottom={true}
           reportOverflow={true}

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/ToolStickyHeaderRegression.test.tsx

@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ describe('ToolMessage Sticky Header Regression', () => {
       expect(lastFrame()).toContain('tool-1');
     });
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('Description for tool-1');
-    // Content lines 1-4 should be scrolled off
+    // Content lines 1-5 should be scrolled off
     expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('c1-01');
-    expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('c1-04');
-    // Line 6 and 7 should be visible (terminalHeight=5 means only 2 lines of content show below 3-line header)
+    expect(lastFrame()).not.toContain('c1-05');
+    // Line 6 and 7 should be visible (terminalHeight=5 means 2 lines of content show below 3-line header)
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('c1-06');
     expect(lastFrame()).toContain('c1-07');
     expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/TopicMessage.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import type React from 'react';
+import { Box, Text } from 'ink';
+import {
+  UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+  UPDATE_TOPIC_DISPLAY_NAME,
+  TOPIC_PARAM_TITLE,
+  TOPIC_PARAM_SUMMARY,
+  TOPIC_PARAM_STRATEGIC_INTENT,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import type { IndividualToolCallDisplay } from '../../types.js';
+import { theme } from '../../semantic-colors.js';
+
+interface TopicMessageProps extends IndividualToolCallDisplay {
+  terminalWidth: number;
+}
+
+export const isTopicTool = (name: string): boolean =>
+  name === UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME || name === UPDATE_TOPIC_DISPLAY_NAME;
+
+export const TopicMessage: React.FC<TopicMessageProps> = ({ args }) => {
+  const rawTitle = args?.[TOPIC_PARAM_TITLE];
+  const title = typeof rawTitle === 'string' ? rawTitle : undefined;
+  const rawIntent =
+    args?.[TOPIC_PARAM_STRATEGIC_INTENT] || args?.[TOPIC_PARAM_SUMMARY];
+  const intent = typeof rawIntent === 'string' ? rawIntent : undefined;
+
+  return (
+    <Box flexDirection="row" marginLeft={2}>
+      <Text color={theme.text.primary} bold>
+        {title || 'Topic'}
+      </Text>
+      {intent && <Text color={theme.text.secondary}> — {intent}</Text>}
+    </Box>
+  );
+};

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/DenseToolMessage-DenseToolMessage-Visual-Regression-matches-SVG-snapshot-for-a-Rejected-tool-call.snap.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="920" height="37" viewBox="0 0 920 37">
+  <style>
+    text { font-family: Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 14px; dominant-baseline: text-before-edge; white-space: pre; }
+  </style>
+  <rect width="920" height="37" fill="#000000" />
+  <g transform="translate(10, 10)">
+    <text x="18" y="2" fill="#ffffaf" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" font-weight="bold">-</text>
+    <text x="45" y="2" fill="#ffffff" textLength="90" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" font-weight="bold">read_file </text>
+    <text x="144" y="2" fill="#afafaf" textLength="189" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">Reading important.txt</text>
+  </g>
+</svg>

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/DenseToolMessage-DenseToolMessage-Visual-Regression-matches-SVG-snapshot-for-an-Accepted-file-edit-with-diff-stats.snap.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="920" height="88" viewBox="0 0 920 88">
+  <style>
+    text { font-family: Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 14px; dominant-baseline: text-before-edge; white-space: pre; }
+  </style>
+  <rect width="920" height="88" fill="#000000" />
+  <g transform="translate(10, 10)">
+    <text x="18" y="2" fill="#d7ffd7" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">✓</text>
+    <text x="45" y="2" fill="#ffffff" textLength="45" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" font-weight="bold">edit </text>
+    <text x="99" y="2" fill="#afafaf" textLength="63" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">test.ts</text>
+    <text x="171" y="2" fill="#d7afff" textLength="90" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">→ Accepted</text>
+    <text x="270" y="2" fill="#afafaf" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">(</text>
+    <text x="279" y="2" fill="#d7ffd7" textLength="18" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">+1</text>
+    <text x="297" y="2" fill="#afafaf" textLength="18" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">, </text>
+    <text x="315" y="2" fill="#ff87af" textLength="18" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">-1</text>
+    <text x="333" y="2" fill="#afafaf" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">)</text>
+    <rect x="54" y="34" width="9" height="17" fill="#5f0000" />
+    <text x="54" y="36" fill="#afafaf" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">1</text>
+    <rect x="63" y="34" width="9" height="17" fill="#5f0000" />
+    <rect x="72" y="34" width="9" height="17" fill="#5f0000" />
+    <text x="72" y="36" fill="#ff87af" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">-</text>
+    <rect x="81" y="34" width="9" height="17" fill="#5f0000" />
+    <rect x="90" y="34" width="27" height="17" fill="#5f0000" />
+    <text x="90" y="36" fill="#e5e5e5" textLength="27" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">old</text>
+    <rect x="54" y="51" width="9" height="17" fill="#005f00" />
+    <text x="54" y="53" fill="#afafaf" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">1</text>
+    <rect x="63" y="51" width="9" height="17" fill="#005f00" />
+    <rect x="72" y="51" width="9" height="17" fill="#005f00" />
+    <text x="72" y="53" fill="#d7ffd7" textLength="9" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">+</text>
+    <rect x="81" y="51" width="9" height="17" fill="#005f00" />
+    <rect x="90" y="51" width="27" height="17" fill="#005f00" />
+    <text x="90" y="53" fill="#0000ee" textLength="27" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs">new</text>
+  </g>
+</svg>

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/DenseToolMessage.test.tsx.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > Toggleable Diff View (Alternate Buffer) > hides diff content by default when in alternate buffer mode 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  test.ts → Accepted
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > Toggleable Diff View (Alternate Buffer) > shows diff content by default when NOT in alternate buffer mode 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  test.ts → Accepted
+
+      1 - old line
+      1 + new line
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > Visual Regression > matches SVG snapshot for a Rejected tool call 1`] = `"  -  read_file  Reading important.txt"`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > Visual Regression > matches SVG snapshot for an Accepted file edit with diff stats 1`] = `
+"  ✓  edit  test.ts → Accepted (+1, -1)
+
+      1 - old
+      1 + new
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > does not render result arrow if resultDisplay is missing 1`] = `
+"  o  test-tool  Test description
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > flattens newlines in string results 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description → Line 1 Line 2
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for Edit tool using confirmationDetails 1`] = `
+"  ?  Edit  styles.scss → Confirming
+
+      1 - body { color: blue; }
+      1 + body { color: red; }
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for Errored Edit tool 1`] = `
+"  x  Edit  styles.scss → Failed (+1, -1)
+
+      1 - old line
+      1 + new line
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for ReadManyFiles results 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Attempting to read files from **/*.ts → Read 3 file(s) (1 ignored)
+
+        file1.ts
+        file2.ts
+        file3.ts
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for Rejected Edit tool 1`] = `
+"  -  Edit  styles.scss → Rejected (+1, -1)
+
+      1 - old line
+      1 + new line
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for Rejected Edit tool with confirmationDetails and diffStat 1`] = `
+"  -  Edit  styles.scss → Rejected (+1, -1)
+
+      1 - body { color: blue; }
+      1 + body { color: red; }
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for Rejected WriteFile tool 1`] = `
+"  -  WriteFile  config.json → Rejected
+
+      1 - old content
+      1 + new content
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for WriteFile tool 1`] = `
+"  ✓  WriteFile  config.json → Accepted (+1, -1)
+
+      1 - old content
+      1 + new content
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for a successful string result 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description → Success result
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for error status with string message 1`] = `
+"  x  test-tool  Test description → Error occurred
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for file diff results with stats 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  test.ts → Accepted (+15, -6)
+
+      1 - old line
+      1 + diff content
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for grep results 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description → Found 2 matches
+
+        file1.ts:10: match 1
+        file2.ts:20: match 2
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for ls results 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description → Listed 2 files. (1 ignored)
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders correctly for todo updates 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description → Todos updated
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders generic failure message for error status without string message 1`] = `
+"  x  test-tool  Test description → Failed
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > renders generic output message for unknown object results 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description → Returned (possible empty result)
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`DenseToolMessage > truncates long string results 1`] = `
+"  ✓  test-tool  Test description
+   → AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA…
+"
+`;

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/ShellToolMessage.test.tsx.snap

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ exports[`<ShellToolMessage /> > Height Constraints > defaults to ACTIVE_SHELL_MA
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command A shell command                                             │
 │                                                                              │
-│ Line 90                                                                      │
 │ Line 91                                                                      │
 │ Line 92                                                                      │
 │ Line 93                                                                      │
@@ -129,7 +128,6 @@ exports[`<ShellToolMessage /> > Height Constraints > respects availableTerminalH
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command A shell command                                             │
 │                                                                              │
-│ Line 94                                                                      │
 │ Line 95                                                                      │
 │ Line 96                                                                      │
 │ Line 97                                                                      │
@@ -143,7 +141,6 @@ exports[`<ShellToolMessage /> > Height Constraints > stays constrained in altern
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ✓  Shell Command A shell command                                             │
 │                                                                              │
-│ Line 90                                                                      │
 │ Line 91                                                                      │
 │ Line 92                                                                      │
 │ Line 93                                                                      │
@@ -161,7 +158,6 @@ exports[`<ShellToolMessage /> > Height Constraints > uses ACTIVE_SHELL_MAX_LINES
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command A shell command                                             │
 │                                                                              │
-│ Line 90                                                                      │
 │ Line 91                                                                      │
 │ Line 92                                                                      │
 │ Line 93                                                                      │
@@ -179,11 +175,10 @@ exports[`<ShellToolMessage /> > Height Constraints > uses full availableTerminal
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ⊶  Shell Command A shell command                      (Shift+Tab to unfocus) │
 │                                                                              │
-│ Line 4                                                                       │
 │ Line 5                                                                       │
 │ Line 6                                                                       │
-│ Line 7                                                                     █ │
-│ Line 8                                                                     █ │
+│ Line 7                                                                       │
+│ Line 8                                                                       │
 │ Line 9                                                                     █ │
 │ Line 10                                                                    █ │
 │ Line 11                                                                    █ │

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/ToolGroupMessage.compact.test.tsx.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
+
+exports[`ToolGroupMessage Compact Rendering > does not add an extra empty line between a compact tool and a standard tool 1`] = `
+"  ✓  ReadFolder  Listing files → file1.txt
+
+╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+│ ✓  non-compact-tool Doing something                                      │
+│                                                                          │
+│ some large output                                                        │
+╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`ToolGroupMessage Compact Rendering > does not add an extra empty line between a standard tool and a compact tool 1`] = `
+"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+│ ✓  non-compact-tool Doing something                                      │
+│                                                                          │
+│ some large output                                                        │
+╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+
+  ✓  ReadFolder  Listing files → file1.txt
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`ToolGroupMessage Compact Rendering > does not add an extra empty line if a compact tool has a dense payload 1`] = `
+"  ✓  ReadFolder  Listing files → file1.txt
+  ✓  ReadFile  Reading file → read file
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`ToolGroupMessage Compact Rendering > renders consecutive compact tools without empty lines between them 1`] = `
+"  ✓  ReadFolder  Listing files → file1.txt file2.txt
+  ✓  ReadFolder  Listing files → file3.txt
+"
+`;

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/ToolGroupMessage.test.tsx.snap

@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders empty tool calls arra
 exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders header when scrolled 1`] = `
 "╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ✓  tool-1 Description 1. This is a long description that will need to b… │
-│──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
+│──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│                       ▄
+│ line4                                                                    │                       █
 │ line5                                                                    │                       █
 │                                                                          │                       █
 │ ✓  tool-2 Description 2                                                  │                       █
@@ -71,11 +72,13 @@ exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders header when scrolled
 │ line1                                                                    │                       █
 │ line2                                                                    │                       █
 ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯                       █
+                                                                                                   █
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders mixed tool calls including shell command 1`] = `
-"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders mixed tool calls including update_topic 1`] = `
+"  Testing Topic — This is the description
+╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ✓  read_file Read a file                                                 │
 │                                                                          │
 │ Test result                                                              │
@@ -128,12 +131,17 @@ exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders tool call with output
 `;
 
 exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders two tool groups where only the last line of the previous group is visible 1`] = `
-"╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
-╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+"╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
 │ ✓  tool-2 Description 2                                                  │
-│                                                                          │                       ▄
-│ line1                                                                    │                       █
+│                                                                          │
+│ line1                                                                    │                       ▄
 ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯                       █
+                                                                                                   █
+"
+`;
+
+exports[`<ToolGroupMessage /> > Golden Snapshots > renders update_topic tool call using TopicMessage > update_topic_tool 1`] = `
+"  Testing Topic — This is the description
 "
 `;
 

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/ToolResultDisplay.test.tsx.snap

@@ -37,8 +37,7 @@ exports[`ToolResultDisplay > renders string result as plain text when renderOutp
 `;
 
 exports[`ToolResultDisplay > truncates very long string results 1`] = `
-"... 249 hidden (Ctrl+O) ...
-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
+"... 250 hidden (Ctrl+O) ...
 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

packages/cli/src/ui/components/messages/__snapshots__/ToolStickyHeaderRegression.test.tsx.snap

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 exports[`ToolMessage Sticky Header Regression > verifies that ShellToolMessage in a ToolGroupMessage in a ScrollableList has sticky headers 1`] = `
 "╭────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮     █
-│ ✓  Shell Command Description for Shell Command                         │     █
+│ ✓  Shell Command Description for Shell Command                         │     ▀
 │                                                                        │
 │ shell-01                                                               │
 │ shell-02                                                               │
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ exports[`ToolMessage Sticky Header Regression > verifies that ShellToolMessage i
 
 exports[`ToolMessage Sticky Header Regression > verifies that ShellToolMessage in a ToolGroupMessage in a ScrollableList has sticky headers 2`] = `
 "╭────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ ✓  Shell Command Description for Shell Command                         │     ▄
+│ ✓  Shell Command Description for Shell Command                         │
 │────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│     █
 │ shell-06                                                               │     ▀
 │ shell-07                                                               │

packages/cli/src/ui/constants.ts

@@ -62,3 +62,6 @@ export const DEFAULT_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD = 0.5;
 /** Documentation URL for skills setup and configuration */
 export const SKILLS_DOCS_URL =
   'https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/blob/main/docs/cli/skills.md';
+
+/** Max lines to show for a compact tool subview (e.g. diff) */
+export const COMPACT_TOOL_SUBVIEW_MAX_LINES = 15;

packages/cli/src/ui/contexts/ToolActionsContext.test.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import { act } from 'react';
+import { act, useState, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
 import { renderHook } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
 import { ToolActionsProvider, useToolActions } from './ToolActionsContext.js';
@@ -71,16 +71,61 @@ describe('ToolActionsContext', () => {
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
+    // Default to a pending promise to avoid unwanted async state updates in tests
+    // that don't specifically test the IdeClient initialization.
+    vi.mocked(IdeClient.getInstance).mockReturnValue(new Promise(() => {}));
   });
 
-  const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) => (
-    <ToolActionsProvider config={mockConfig} toolCalls={mockToolCalls}>
-      {children}
-    </ToolActionsProvider>
-  );
+  const WrapperReactComp = ({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) => {
+    const [expandedTools, setExpandedTools] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
+
+    const isExpanded = useCallback(
+      (callId: string) => expandedTools.has(callId),
+      [expandedTools],
+    );
+
+    const toggleExpansion = useCallback((callId: string) => {
+      setExpandedTools((prev) => {
+        const next = new Set(prev);
+        if (next.has(callId)) {
+          next.delete(callId);
+        } else {
+          next.add(callId);
+        }
+        return next;
+      });
+    }, []);
+
+    const toggleAllExpansion = useCallback((callIds: string[]) => {
+      setExpandedTools((prev) => {
+        const next = new Set(prev);
+        const anyCollapsed = callIds.some((id) => !next.has(id));
+
+        if (anyCollapsed) {
+          callIds.forEach((id) => next.add(id));
+        } else {
+          callIds.forEach((id) => next.delete(id));
+        }
+        return next;
+      });
+    }, []);
+    return (
+      <ToolActionsProvider
+        config={mockConfig}
+        toolCalls={mockToolCalls}
+        isExpanded={isExpanded}
+        toggleExpansion={toggleExpansion}
+        toggleAllExpansion={toggleAllExpansion}
+      >
+        {children}
+      </ToolActionsProvider>
+    );
+  };
 
   it('publishes to MessageBus for tools with correlationId', async () => {
-    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), { wrapper });
+    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+      wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+    });
 
     await result.current.confirm(
       'modern-call',
@@ -98,7 +143,9 @@ describe('ToolActionsContext', () => {
   });
 
   it('handles cancel by calling confirm with Cancel outcome', async () => {
-    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), { wrapper });
+    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+      wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+    });
 
     await result.current.cancel('modern-call');
 
@@ -127,7 +174,9 @@ describe('ToolActionsContext', () => {
     );
     vi.mocked(mockConfig.getIdeMode).mockReturnValue(true);
 
-    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), { wrapper });
+    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+      wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+    });
 
     await act(async () => {
       deferredIdeClient.resolve(mockIdeClient);
@@ -169,7 +218,9 @@ describe('ToolActionsContext', () => {
     );
     vi.mocked(mockConfig.getIdeMode).mockReturnValue(true);
 
-    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), { wrapper });
+    const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+      wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+    });
 
     await act(async () => {
       deferredIdeClient.resolve(mockIdeClient);
@@ -214,7 +265,13 @@ describe('ToolActionsContext', () => {
 
     const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
       wrapper: ({ children }) => (
-        <ToolActionsProvider config={mockConfig} toolCalls={[legacyTool]}>
+        <ToolActionsProvider
+          config={mockConfig}
+          toolCalls={[legacyTool]}
+          isExpanded={vi.fn().mockReturnValue(false)}
+          toggleExpansion={vi.fn()}
+          toggleAllExpansion={vi.fn()}
+        >
           {children}
         </ToolActionsProvider>
       ),
@@ -233,4 +290,58 @@ describe('ToolActionsContext', () => {
     );
     expect(mockMessageBus.publish).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
+
+  describe('toggleAllExpansion', () => {
+    it('expands all when none are expanded', async () => {
+      const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+        wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+      });
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.toggleAllExpansion(['modern-call', 'edit-call']);
+      });
+
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('modern-call')).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('edit-call')).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('expands all when some are expanded', async () => {
+      const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+        wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+      });
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.toggleExpansion('modern-call');
+      });
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('modern-call')).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('edit-call')).toBe(false);
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.toggleAllExpansion(['modern-call', 'edit-call']);
+      });
+
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('modern-call')).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('edit-call')).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('collapses all when all are expanded', async () => {
+      const { result } = await renderHook(() => useToolActions(), {
+        wrapper: WrapperReactComp,
+      });
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.toggleExpansion('modern-call');
+        result.current.toggleExpansion('edit-call');
+      });
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('modern-call')).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('edit-call')).toBe(true);
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.toggleAllExpansion(['modern-call', 'edit-call']);
+      });
+
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('modern-call')).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isExpanded('edit-call')).toBe(false);
+    });
+  });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/contexts/ToolActionsContext.tsx

@@ -48,11 +48,14 @@ interface ToolActionsContextValue {
   ) => Promise<void>;
   cancel: (callId: string) => Promise<void>;
   isDiffingEnabled: boolean;
+  isExpanded: (callId: string) => boolean;
+  toggleExpansion: (callId: string) => void;
+  toggleAllExpansion: (callIds: string[]) => void;
 }
 
 const ToolActionsContext = createContext<ToolActionsContextValue | null>(null);
 
-export const useToolActions = () => {
+export const useToolActions = (): ToolActionsContextValue => {
   const context = useContext(ToolActionsContext);
   if (!context) {
     throw new Error('useToolActions must be used within a ToolActionsProvider');
@@ -64,12 +67,22 @@ interface ToolActionsProviderProps {
   children: React.ReactNode;
   config: Config;
   toolCalls: IndividualToolCallDisplay[];
+  isExpanded: (callId: string) => boolean;
+  toggleExpansion: (callId: string) => void;
+  toggleAllExpansion: (callIds: string[]) => void;
 }
 
 export const ToolActionsProvider: React.FC<ToolActionsProviderProps> = (
   props: ToolActionsProviderProps,
 ) => {
-  const { children, config, toolCalls } = props;
+  const {
+    children,
+    config,
+    toolCalls,
+    isExpanded,
+    toggleExpansion,
+    toggleAllExpansion,
+  } = props;
 
   // Hoist IdeClient logic here to keep UI pure
   const [ideClient, setIdeClient] = useState<IdeClient | null>(null);
@@ -77,24 +90,23 @@ export const ToolActionsProvider: React.FC<ToolActionsProviderProps> = (
 
   useEffect(() => {
     let isMounted = true;
+    let activeClient: IdeClient | null = null;
+
+    const handleStatusChange = () => {
+      if (isMounted && activeClient) {
+        setIsDiffingEnabled(activeClient.isDiffingEnabled());
+      }
+    };
+
     if (config.getIdeMode()) {
       IdeClient.getInstance()
         .then((client) => {
           if (!isMounted) return;
+          activeClient = client;
           setIdeClient(client);
           setIsDiffingEnabled(client.isDiffingEnabled());
 
-          const handleStatusChange = () => {
-            if (isMounted) {
-              setIsDiffingEnabled(client.isDiffingEnabled());
-            }
-          };
-
           client.addStatusChangeListener(handleStatusChange);
-          // Return a cleanup function for the listener
-          return () => {
-            client.removeStatusChangeListener(handleStatusChange);
-          };
         })
         .catch((error) => {
           debugLogger.error('Failed to get IdeClient instance:', error);
@@ -102,6 +114,9 @@ export const ToolActionsProvider: React.FC<ToolActionsProviderProps> = (
     }
     return () => {
       isMounted = false;
+      if (activeClient) {
+        activeClient.removeStatusChangeListener(handleStatusChange);
+      }
     };
   }, [config]);
 
@@ -164,7 +179,16 @@ export const ToolActionsProvider: React.FC<ToolActionsProviderProps> = (
   );
 
   return (
-    <ToolActionsContext.Provider value={{ confirm, cancel, isDiffingEnabled }}>
+    <ToolActionsContext.Provider
+      value={{
+        confirm,
+        cancel,
+        isDiffingEnabled,
+        isExpanded,
+        toggleExpansion,
+        toggleAllExpansion,
+      }}
+    >
       {children}
     </ToolActionsContext.Provider>
   );

packages/cli/src/ui/contexts/UIActionsContext.tsx

@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ export interface UIActions {
   revealCleanUiDetailsTemporarily: (durationMs?: number) => void;
   handleWarning: (message: string) => void;
   setEmbeddedShellFocused: (value: boolean) => void;
-  dismissBackgroundShell: (pid: number) => Promise<void>;
-  setActiveBackgroundShellPid: (pid: number) => void;
-  setIsBackgroundShellListOpen: (isOpen: boolean) => void;
+  dismissBackgroundTask: (pid: number) => Promise<void>;
+  setActiveBackgroundTaskPid: (pid: number) => void;
+  setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen: (isOpen: boolean) => void;
   setAuthContext: (context: { requiresRestart?: boolean }) => void;
   onHintInput: (char: string) => void;
   onHintBackspace: () => void;

packages/cli/src/ui/contexts/UIStateContext.tsx

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export interface EmptyWalletDialogRequest {
 import { type UseHistoryManagerReturn } from '../hooks/useHistoryManager.js';
 import { type RestartReason } from '../hooks/useIdeTrustListener.js';
 import type { TerminalBackgroundColor } from '../utils/terminalCapabilityManager.js';
-import type { BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import type { BackgroundTask } from '../hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 
 export interface QuotaState {
   userTier: UserTierId | undefined;
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ export interface UIState {
   isRestarting: boolean;
   extensionsUpdateState: Map<string, ExtensionUpdateState>;
   activePtyId: number | undefined;
-  backgroundShellCount: number;
-  isBackgroundShellVisible: boolean;
+  backgroundTaskCount: number;
+  isBackgroundTaskVisible: boolean;
   embeddedShellFocused: boolean;
   showDebugProfiler: boolean;
   showFullTodos: boolean;
@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@ export interface UIState {
   customDialog: React.ReactNode | null;
   terminalBackgroundColor: TerminalBackgroundColor;
   settingsNonce: number;
-  backgroundShells: Map<number, BackgroundShell>;
-  activeBackgroundShellPid: number | null;
-  backgroundShellHeight: number;
-  isBackgroundShellListOpen: boolean;
+  backgroundTasks: Map<number, BackgroundTask>;
+  activeBackgroundTaskPid: number | null;
+  backgroundTaskHeight: number;
+  isBackgroundTaskListOpen: boolean;
   adminSettingsChanged: boolean;
   newAgents: AgentDefinition[] | null;
   showIsExpandableHint: boolean;

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/shellReducer.test.ts

@@ -36,27 +36,27 @@ describe('shellReducer', () => {
   it('should handle SET_VISIBILITY', () => {
     const action: ShellAction = { type: 'SET_VISIBILITY', visible: true };
     const state = shellReducer(initialState, action);
-    expect(state.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+    expect(state.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
   });
 
   it('should handle TOGGLE_VISIBILITY', () => {
     const action: ShellAction = { type: 'TOGGLE_VISIBILITY' };
     let state = shellReducer(initialState, action);
-    expect(state.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+    expect(state.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
     state = shellReducer(state, action);
-    expect(state.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+    expect(state.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
   });
 
-  it('should handle REGISTER_SHELL', () => {
+  it('should handle REGISTER_TASK', () => {
     const action: ShellAction = {
-      type: 'REGISTER_SHELL',
+      type: 'REGISTER_TASK',
       pid: 1001,
       command: 'ls',
       initialOutput: 'init',
     };
     const state = shellReducer(initialState, action);
-    expect(state.backgroundShells.has(1001)).toBe(true);
-    expect(state.backgroundShells.get(1001)).toEqual({
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks.has(1001)).toBe(true);
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks.get(1001)).toEqual({
       pid: 1001,
       command: 'ls',
       output: 'init',
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ describe('shellReducer', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  it('should not REGISTER_SHELL if PID already exists', () => {
+  it('should not REGISTER_TASK if PID already exists', () => {
     const action: ShellAction = {
-      type: 'REGISTER_SHELL',
+      type: 'REGISTER_TASK',
       pid: 1001,
       command: 'ls',
       initialOutput: 'init',
@@ -76,35 +76,35 @@ describe('shellReducer', () => {
     const state = shellReducer(initialState, action);
     const state2 = shellReducer(state, { ...action, command: 'other' });
     expect(state2).toBe(state);
-    expect(state2.backgroundShells.get(1001)?.command).toBe('ls');
+    expect(state2.backgroundTasks.get(1001)?.command).toBe('ls');
   });
 
-  it('should handle UPDATE_SHELL', () => {
+  it('should handle UPDATE_TASK', () => {
     const registeredState = shellReducer(initialState, {
-      type: 'REGISTER_SHELL',
+      type: 'REGISTER_TASK',
       pid: 1001,
       command: 'ls',
       initialOutput: 'init',
     });
 
     const action: ShellAction = {
-      type: 'UPDATE_SHELL',
+      type: 'UPDATE_TASK',
       pid: 1001,
       update: { status: 'exited', exitCode: 0 },
     };
     const state = shellReducer(registeredState, action);
-    const shell = state.backgroundShells.get(1001);
+    const shell = state.backgroundTasks.get(1001);
     expect(shell?.status).toBe('exited');
     expect(shell?.exitCode).toBe(0);
     // Map should be new
-    expect(state.backgroundShells).not.toBe(registeredState.backgroundShells);
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks).not.toBe(registeredState.backgroundTasks);
   });
 
-  it('should handle APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT when visible (triggers re-render)', () => {
+  it('should handle APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT when visible (triggers re-render)', () => {
     const visibleState: ShellState = {
       ...initialState,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      backgroundShells: new Map([
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      backgroundTasks: new Map([
         [
           1001,
           {
@@ -120,21 +120,21 @@ describe('shellReducer', () => {
     };
 
     const action: ShellAction = {
-      type: 'APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT',
+      type: 'APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT',
       pid: 1001,
       chunk: ' + more',
     };
     const state = shellReducer(visibleState, action);
-    expect(state.backgroundShells.get(1001)?.output).toBe('init + more');
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks.get(1001)?.output).toBe('init + more');
     // Drawer is visible, so we expect a NEW map object to trigger React re-render
-    expect(state.backgroundShells).not.toBe(visibleState.backgroundShells);
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks).not.toBe(visibleState.backgroundTasks);
   });
 
-  it('should handle APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT when hidden (no re-render optimization)', () => {
+  it('should handle APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT when hidden (no re-render optimization)', () => {
     const hiddenState: ShellState = {
       ...initialState,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
-      backgroundShells: new Map([
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+      backgroundTasks: new Map([
         [
           1001,
           {
@@ -150,27 +150,27 @@ describe('shellReducer', () => {
     };
 
     const action: ShellAction = {
-      type: 'APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT',
+      type: 'APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT',
       pid: 1001,
       chunk: ' + more',
     };
     const state = shellReducer(hiddenState, action);
-    expect(state.backgroundShells.get(1001)?.output).toBe('init + more');
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks.get(1001)?.output).toBe('init + more');
     // Drawer is hidden, so we expect the SAME map object (mutation optimization)
-    expect(state.backgroundShells).toBe(hiddenState.backgroundShells);
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks).toBe(hiddenState.backgroundTasks);
   });
 
-  it('should handle SYNC_BACKGROUND_SHELLS', () => {
-    const action: ShellAction = { type: 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_SHELLS' };
+  it('should handle SYNC_BACKGROUND_TASKS', () => {
+    const action: ShellAction = { type: 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_TASKS' };
     const state = shellReducer(initialState, action);
-    expect(state.backgroundShells).not.toBe(initialState.backgroundShells);
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks).not.toBe(initialState.backgroundTasks);
   });
 
-  it('should handle DISMISS_SHELL', () => {
+  it('should handle DISMISS_TASK', () => {
     const registeredState: ShellState = {
       ...initialState,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      backgroundShells: new Map([
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      backgroundTasks: new Map([
         [
           1001,
           {
@@ -185,9 +185,9 @@ describe('shellReducer', () => {
       ]),
     };
 
-    const action: ShellAction = { type: 'DISMISS_SHELL', pid: 1001 };
+    const action: ShellAction = { type: 'DISMISS_TASK', pid: 1001 };
     const state = shellReducer(registeredState, action);
-    expect(state.backgroundShells.has(1001)).toBe(false);
-    expect(state.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false); // Auto-hide if last shell
+    expect(state.backgroundTasks.has(1001)).toBe(false);
+    expect(state.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false); // Auto-hide if last shell
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/shellReducer.ts

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import type { AnsiOutput } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import type { AnsiOutput, CompletionBehavior } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
-export interface BackgroundShell {
+export interface BackgroundTask {
   pid: number;
   command: string;
   output: string | AnsiOutput;
@@ -14,13 +14,14 @@ export interface BackgroundShell {
   binaryBytesReceived: number;
   status: 'running' | 'exited';
   exitCode?: number;
+  completionBehavior?: CompletionBehavior;
 }
 
 export interface ShellState {
   activeShellPtyId: number | null;
   lastShellOutputTime: number;
-  backgroundShells: Map<number, BackgroundShell>;
-  isBackgroundShellVisible: boolean;
+  backgroundTasks: Map<number, BackgroundTask>;
+  isBackgroundTaskVisible: boolean;
 }
 
 export type ShellAction =
@@ -29,21 +30,22 @@ export type ShellAction =
   | { type: 'SET_VISIBILITY'; visible: boolean }
   | { type: 'TOGGLE_VISIBILITY' }
   | {
-      type: 'REGISTER_SHELL';
+      type: 'REGISTER_TASK';
       pid: number;
       command: string;
       initialOutput: string | AnsiOutput;
+      completionBehavior?: CompletionBehavior;
     }
-  | { type: 'UPDATE_SHELL'; pid: number; update: Partial<BackgroundShell> }
-  | { type: 'APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT'; pid: number; chunk: string | AnsiOutput }
-  | { type: 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_SHELLS' }
-  | { type: 'DISMISS_SHELL'; pid: number };
+  | { type: 'UPDATE_TASK'; pid: number; update: Partial<BackgroundTask> }
+  | { type: 'APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT'; pid: number; chunk: string | AnsiOutput }
+  | { type: 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_TASKS' }
+  | { type: 'DISMISS_TASK'; pid: number };
 
 export const initialState: ShellState = {
   activeShellPtyId: null,
   lastShellOutputTime: 0,
-  backgroundShells: new Map(),
-  isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
+  backgroundTasks: new Map(),
+  isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
 };
 
 export function shellReducer(
@@ -56,75 +58,76 @@ export function shellReducer(
     case 'SET_OUTPUT_TIME':
       return { ...state, lastShellOutputTime: action.time };
     case 'SET_VISIBILITY':
-      return { ...state, isBackgroundShellVisible: action.visible };
+      return { ...state, isBackgroundTaskVisible: action.visible };
     case 'TOGGLE_VISIBILITY':
       return {
         ...state,
-        isBackgroundShellVisible: !state.isBackgroundShellVisible,
+        isBackgroundTaskVisible: !state.isBackgroundTaskVisible,
       };
-    case 'REGISTER_SHELL': {
-      if (state.backgroundShells.has(action.pid)) return state;
-      const nextShells = new Map(state.backgroundShells);
-      nextShells.set(action.pid, {
+    case 'REGISTER_TASK': {
+      if (state.backgroundTasks.has(action.pid)) return state;
+      const nextTasks = new Map(state.backgroundTasks);
+      nextTasks.set(action.pid, {
         pid: action.pid,
         command: action.command,
         output: action.initialOutput,
         isBinary: false,
         binaryBytesReceived: 0,
         status: 'running',
+        completionBehavior: action.completionBehavior,
       });
-      return { ...state, backgroundShells: nextShells };
+      return { ...state, backgroundTasks: nextTasks };
     }
-    case 'UPDATE_SHELL': {
-      const shell = state.backgroundShells.get(action.pid);
-      if (!shell) return state;
-      const nextShells = new Map(state.backgroundShells);
-      const updatedShell = { ...shell, ...action.update };
+    case 'UPDATE_TASK': {
+      const task = state.backgroundTasks.get(action.pid);
+      if (!task) return state;
+      const nextTasks = new Map(state.backgroundTasks);
+      const updatedTask = { ...task, ...action.update };
       // Maintain insertion order, move to end if status changed to exited
       if (action.update.status === 'exited') {
-        nextShells.delete(action.pid);
+        nextTasks.delete(action.pid);
       }
-      nextShells.set(action.pid, updatedShell);
-      return { ...state, backgroundShells: nextShells };
+      nextTasks.set(action.pid, updatedTask);
+      return { ...state, backgroundTasks: nextTasks };
     }
-    case 'APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT': {
-      const shell = state.backgroundShells.get(action.pid);
-      if (!shell) return state;
-      // Note: we mutate the shell object in the map for background updates
+    case 'APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT': {
+      const task = state.backgroundTasks.get(action.pid);
+      if (!task) return state;
+      // Note: we mutate the task object in the map for background updates
       // to avoid re-rendering if the drawer is not visible.
       // This is an intentional performance optimization for the CLI.
-      let newOutput = shell.output;
+      let newOutput = task.output;
       if (typeof action.chunk === 'string') {
         newOutput =
-          typeof shell.output === 'string'
-            ? shell.output + action.chunk
+          typeof task.output === 'string'
+            ? task.output + action.chunk
             : action.chunk;
       } else {
         newOutput = action.chunk;
       }
-      shell.output = newOutput;
+      task.output = newOutput;
 
       const nextState = { ...state, lastShellOutputTime: Date.now() };
 
-      if (state.isBackgroundShellVisible) {
+      if (state.isBackgroundTaskVisible) {
         return {
           ...nextState,
-          backgroundShells: new Map(state.backgroundShells),
+          backgroundTasks: new Map(state.backgroundTasks),
         };
       }
       return nextState;
     }
-    case 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_SHELLS': {
-      return { ...state, backgroundShells: new Map(state.backgroundShells) };
+    case 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_TASKS': {
+      return { ...state, backgroundTasks: new Map(state.backgroundTasks) };
     }
-    case 'DISMISS_SHELL': {
-      const nextShells = new Map(state.backgroundShells);
-      nextShells.delete(action.pid);
+    case 'DISMISS_TASK': {
+      const nextTasks = new Map(state.backgroundTasks);
+      nextTasks.delete(action.pid);
       return {
         ...state,
-        backgroundShells: nextShells,
-        isBackgroundShellVisible:
-          nextShells.size === 0 ? false : state.isBackgroundShellVisible,
+        backgroundTasks: nextTasks,
+        isBackgroundTaskVisible:
+          nextTasks.size === 0 ? false : state.isBackgroundTaskVisible,
       };
     }
     default:

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/slashCommandProcessor.test.tsx

@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ describe('useSlashCommandProcessor', () => {
             toggleDebugProfiler: vi.fn(),
             dispatchExtensionStateUpdate: vi.fn(),
             addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest: vi.fn(),
-            toggleBackgroundShell: vi.fn(),
+            toggleBackgroundTasks: vi.fn(),
             toggleShortcutsHelp: vi.fn(),
             setText: vi.fn(),
           },

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/slashCommandProcessor.ts

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ interface SlashCommandProcessorActions {
   toggleDebugProfiler: () => void;
   dispatchExtensionStateUpdate: (action: ExtensionUpdateAction) => void;
   addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest: (request: ConfirmationRequest) => void;
-  toggleBackgroundShell: () => void;
+  toggleBackgroundTasks: () => void;
   toggleShortcutsHelp: () => void;
   setText: (text: string) => void;
 }
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ export const useSlashCommandProcessor = (
           actions.addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest,
         setConfirmationRequest,
         removeComponent: () => setCustomDialog(null),
-        toggleBackgroundShell: actions.toggleBackgroundShell,
+        toggleBackgroundTasks: actions.toggleBackgroundTasks,
         toggleShortcutsHelp: actions.toggleShortcutsHelp,
       },
       session: {

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/toolMapping.ts

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ export function mapToDisplay(
       callId: call.request.callId,
       parentCallId: call.request.parentCallId,
       name: displayName,
+      args: call.request.args,
       description,
       renderOutputAsMarkdown,
     };

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useBackgroundShellManager.test.tsx

@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * @license
- * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
- */
-
-import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
-import {
-  useBackgroundShellManager,
-  type BackgroundShellManagerProps,
-} from './useBackgroundShellManager.js';
-import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
-import { act } from 'react';
-import { type BackgroundShell } from './shellReducer.js';
-
-describe('useBackgroundShellManager', () => {
-  const setEmbeddedShellFocused = vi.fn();
-  const terminalHeight = 30;
-
-  beforeEach(() => {
-    vi.clearAllMocks();
-  });
-
-  const renderHook = async (props: BackgroundShellManagerProps) => {
-    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useBackgroundShellManager>;
-    function TestComponent({ p }: { p: BackgroundShellManagerProps }) {
-      hookResult = useBackgroundShellManager(p);
-      return null;
-    }
-    const { rerender } = await render(<TestComponent p={props} />);
-    return {
-      result: {
-        get current() {
-          return hookResult;
-        },
-      },
-      rerender: (newProps: BackgroundShellManagerProps) =>
-        rerender(<TestComponent p={newProps} />),
-    };
-  };
-
-  it('should initialize with correct default values', async () => {
-    const backgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>();
-    const { result } = await renderHook({
-      backgroundShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 0,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: false,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellListOpen).toBe(false);
-    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundShellPid).toBe(null);
-    expect(result.current.backgroundShellHeight).toBe(0);
-  });
-
-  it('should auto-select the first background shell when added', async () => {
-    const backgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>();
-    const { result, rerender } = await renderHook({
-      backgroundShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 0,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: false,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    const newShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>([
-      [123, {} as BackgroundShell],
-    ]);
-    rerender({
-      backgroundShells: newShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 1,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: false,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: false,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundShellPid).toBe(123);
-  });
-
-  it('should reset state when all shells are removed', async () => {
-    const backgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>([
-      [123, {} as BackgroundShell],
-    ]);
-    const { result, rerender } = await renderHook({
-      backgroundShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 1,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: true,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    act(() => {
-      result.current.setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(true);
-    });
-    expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellListOpen).toBe(true);
-
-    rerender({
-      backgroundShells: new Map(),
-      backgroundShellCount: 0,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: true,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundShellPid).toBe(null);
-    expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellListOpen).toBe(false);
-  });
-
-  it('should unfocus embedded shell when no shells are active', async () => {
-    const backgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>([
-      [123, {} as BackgroundShell],
-    ]);
-    await renderHook({
-      backgroundShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 1,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: false, // Background shell not visible
-      activePtyId: null, // No foreground shell
-      embeddedShellFocused: true,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    expect(setEmbeddedShellFocused).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
-  });
-
-  it('should calculate backgroundShellHeight correctly when visible', async () => {
-    const backgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>([
-      [123, {} as BackgroundShell],
-    ]);
-    const { result } = await renderHook({
-      backgroundShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 1,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: true,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight: 100,
-    });
-
-    // 100 * 0.3 = 30
-    expect(result.current.backgroundShellHeight).toBe(30);
-  });
-
-  it('should maintain current active shell if it still exists', async () => {
-    const backgroundShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>([
-      [123, {} as BackgroundShell],
-      [456, {} as BackgroundShell],
-    ]);
-    const { result, rerender } = await renderHook({
-      backgroundShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 2,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: true,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    act(() => {
-      result.current.setActiveBackgroundShellPid(456);
-    });
-    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundShellPid).toBe(456);
-
-    // Remove the OTHER shell
-    const updatedShells = new Map<number, BackgroundShell>([
-      [456, {} as BackgroundShell],
-    ]);
-    rerender({
-      backgroundShells: updatedShells,
-      backgroundShellCount: 1,
-      isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
-      activePtyId: null,
-      embeddedShellFocused: true,
-      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-      terminalHeight,
-    });
-
-    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundShellPid).toBe(456);
-  });
-});

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useBackgroundShellManager.ts

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * @license
- * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
- */
-
-import { useState, useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
-import { type BackgroundShell } from './shellCommandProcessor.js';
-
-export interface BackgroundShellManagerProps {
-  backgroundShells: Map<number, BackgroundShell>;
-  backgroundShellCount: number;
-  isBackgroundShellVisible: boolean;
-  activePtyId: number | null | undefined;
-  embeddedShellFocused: boolean;
-  setEmbeddedShellFocused: (focused: boolean) => void;
-  terminalHeight: number;
-}
-
-export function useBackgroundShellManager({
-  backgroundShells,
-  backgroundShellCount,
-  isBackgroundShellVisible,
-  activePtyId,
-  embeddedShellFocused,
-  setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-  terminalHeight,
-}: BackgroundShellManagerProps) {
-  const [isBackgroundShellListOpen, setIsBackgroundShellListOpen] =
-    useState(false);
-  const [activeBackgroundShellPid, setActiveBackgroundShellPid] = useState<
-    number | null
-  >(null);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (backgroundShells.size === 0) {
-      if (activeBackgroundShellPid !== null) {
-        setActiveBackgroundShellPid(null);
-      }
-      if (isBackgroundShellListOpen) {
-        setIsBackgroundShellListOpen(false);
-      }
-    } else if (
-      activeBackgroundShellPid === null ||
-      !backgroundShells.has(activeBackgroundShellPid)
-    ) {
-      // If active shell is closed or none selected, select the first one (last added usually, or just first in iteration)
-      setActiveBackgroundShellPid(backgroundShells.keys().next().value ?? null);
-    }
-  }, [
-    backgroundShells,
-    activeBackgroundShellPid,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    isBackgroundShellListOpen,
-  ]);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (embeddedShellFocused) {
-      const hasActiveForegroundShell = !!activePtyId;
-      const hasVisibleBackgroundShell =
-        isBackgroundShellVisible && backgroundShells.size > 0;
-
-      if (!hasActiveForegroundShell && !hasVisibleBackgroundShell) {
-        setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
-      }
-    }
-  }, [
-    isBackgroundShellVisible,
-    backgroundShells,
-    embeddedShellFocused,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    activePtyId,
-    setEmbeddedShellFocused,
-  ]);
-
-  const backgroundShellHeight = useMemo(
-    () =>
-      isBackgroundShellVisible && backgroundShells.size > 0
-        ? Math.max(Math.floor(terminalHeight * 0.3), 5)
-        : 0,
-    [isBackgroundShellVisible, backgroundShells.size, terminalHeight],
-  );
-
-  return {
-    isBackgroundShellListOpen,
-    setIsBackgroundShellListOpen,
-    activeBackgroundShellPid,
-    setActiveBackgroundShellPid,
-    backgroundShellHeight,
-  };
-}

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useBackgroundTaskManager.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
+import {
+  useBackgroundTaskManager,
+  type BackgroundTaskManagerProps,
+} from './useBackgroundTaskManager.js';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+import { act } from 'react';
+import { type BackgroundTask } from './shellReducer.js';
+
+describe('useBackgroundTaskManager', () => {
+  const setEmbeddedShellFocused = vi.fn();
+  const terminalHeight = 30;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  const renderHook = async (props: BackgroundTaskManagerProps) => {
+    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useBackgroundTaskManager>;
+    function TestComponent({ p }: { p: BackgroundTaskManagerProps }) {
+      hookResult = useBackgroundTaskManager(p);
+      return null;
+    }
+    const { rerender } = await render(<TestComponent p={props} />);
+    return {
+      result: {
+        get current() {
+          return hookResult;
+        },
+      },
+      rerender: (newProps: BackgroundTaskManagerProps) =>
+        rerender(<TestComponent p={newProps} />),
+    };
+  };
+
+  it('should initialize with correct default values', async () => {
+    const backgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>();
+    const { result } = await renderHook({
+      backgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 0,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: false,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskListOpen).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundTaskPid).toBe(null);
+    expect(result.current.backgroundTaskHeight).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('should auto-select the first background shell when added', async () => {
+    const backgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>();
+    const { result, rerender } = await renderHook({
+      backgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 0,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: false,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    const newShells = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>([
+      [123, {} as BackgroundTask],
+    ]);
+    rerender({
+      backgroundTasks: newShells,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 1,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: false,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundTaskPid).toBe(123);
+  });
+
+  it('should reset state when all shells are removed', async () => {
+    const backgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>([
+      [123, {} as BackgroundTask],
+    ]);
+    const { result, rerender } = await renderHook({
+      backgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 1,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: true,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(true);
+    });
+    expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskListOpen).toBe(true);
+
+    rerender({
+      backgroundTasks: new Map(),
+      backgroundTaskCount: 0,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: true,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundTaskPid).toBe(null);
+    expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskListOpen).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('should unfocus embedded shell when no shells are active', async () => {
+    const backgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>([
+      [123, {} as BackgroundTask],
+    ]);
+    await renderHook({
+      backgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 1,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: false, // Background shell not visible
+      activePtyId: null, // No foreground shell
+      embeddedShellFocused: true,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    expect(setEmbeddedShellFocused).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
+  });
+
+  it('should calculate backgroundTaskHeight correctly when visible', async () => {
+    const backgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>([
+      [123, {} as BackgroundTask],
+    ]);
+    const { result } = await renderHook({
+      backgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 1,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: true,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight: 100,
+    });
+
+    // 100 * 0.3 = 30
+    expect(result.current.backgroundTaskHeight).toBe(30);
+  });
+
+  it('should maintain current active shell if it still exists', async () => {
+    const backgroundTasks = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>([
+      [123, {} as BackgroundTask],
+      [456, {} as BackgroundTask],
+    ]);
+    const { result, rerender } = await renderHook({
+      backgroundTasks,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 2,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: true,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setActiveBackgroundTaskPid(456);
+    });
+    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundTaskPid).toBe(456);
+
+    // Remove the OTHER shell
+    const updatedShells = new Map<number, BackgroundTask>([
+      [456, {} as BackgroundTask],
+    ]);
+    rerender({
+      backgroundTasks: updatedShells,
+      backgroundTaskCount: 1,
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
+      activePtyId: null,
+      embeddedShellFocused: true,
+      setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+      terminalHeight,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.current.activeBackgroundTaskPid).toBe(456);
+  });
+});

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useBackgroundTaskManager.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import { useState, useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { type BackgroundTask } from './useExecutionLifecycle.js';
+
+export interface BackgroundTaskManagerProps {
+  backgroundTasks: Map<number, BackgroundTask>;
+  backgroundTaskCount: number;
+  isBackgroundTaskVisible: boolean;
+  activePtyId: number | null | undefined;
+  embeddedShellFocused: boolean;
+  setEmbeddedShellFocused: (focused: boolean) => void;
+  terminalHeight: number;
+}
+
+export function useBackgroundTaskManager({
+  backgroundTasks,
+  backgroundTaskCount,
+  isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+  activePtyId,
+  embeddedShellFocused,
+  setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+  terminalHeight,
+}: BackgroundTaskManagerProps) {
+  const [isBackgroundTaskListOpen, setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen] =
+    useState(false);
+  const [activeBackgroundTaskPid, setActiveBackgroundTaskPid] = useState<
+    number | null
+  >(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (backgroundTasks.size === 0) {
+      if (activeBackgroundTaskPid !== null) {
+        setActiveBackgroundTaskPid(null);
+      }
+      if (isBackgroundTaskListOpen) {
+        setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen(false);
+      }
+    } else if (
+      activeBackgroundTaskPid === null ||
+      !backgroundTasks.has(activeBackgroundTaskPid)
+    ) {
+      // If active shell is closed or none selected, select the first one (last added usually, or just first in iteration)
+      setActiveBackgroundTaskPid(backgroundTasks.keys().next().value ?? null);
+    }
+  }, [
+    backgroundTasks,
+    activeBackgroundTaskPid,
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    isBackgroundTaskListOpen,
+  ]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (embeddedShellFocused) {
+      const hasActiveForegroundShell = !!activePtyId;
+      const hasVisibleBackgroundTask =
+        isBackgroundTaskVisible && backgroundTasks.size > 0;
+
+      if (!hasActiveForegroundShell && !hasVisibleBackgroundTask) {
+        setEmbeddedShellFocused(false);
+      }
+    }
+  }, [
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+    backgroundTasks,
+    embeddedShellFocused,
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    activePtyId,
+    setEmbeddedShellFocused,
+  ]);
+
+  const backgroundTaskHeight = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      isBackgroundTaskVisible && backgroundTasks.size > 0
+        ? Math.max(Math.floor(terminalHeight * 0.3), 5)
+        : 0,
+    [isBackgroundTaskVisible, backgroundTasks.size, terminalHeight],
+  );
+
+  return {
+    isBackgroundTaskListOpen,
+    setIsBackgroundTaskListOpen,
+    activeBackgroundTaskPid,
+    setActiveBackgroundTaskPid,
+    backgroundTaskHeight,
+  };
+}

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useComposerStatus.ts

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const useComposerStatus = () => {
   );
 
   const showLoadingIndicator =
-    (!uiState.embeddedShellFocused || uiState.isBackgroundShellVisible) &&
+    (!uiState.embeddedShellFocused || uiState.isBackgroundTaskVisible) &&
     uiState.streamingState === StreamingState.Responding &&
     !hasPendingActionRequired;
 

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useConsoleMessages.test.tsx

@@ -7,76 +7,93 @@
 import { act, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { vi } from 'vitest';
 import { render } from '../../test-utils/render.js';
-import { useConsoleMessages } from './useConsoleMessages.js';
-import { CoreEvent, type ConsoleLogPayload } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
-
-// Mock coreEvents
-let consoleLogHandler: ((payload: ConsoleLogPayload) => void) | undefined;
+import {
+  useConsoleMessages,
+  useErrorCount,
+  initializeConsoleStore,
+} from './useConsoleMessages.js';
+import { coreEvents } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
 vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-  const actual = (await importOriginal()) as any;
+  const actual = await importOriginal();
+  const handlers = new Map<string, (payload: unknown) => void>();
+
   return {
-    ...actual,
+    ...(actual as Record<string, unknown>),
     coreEvents: {
-      on: vi.fn((event, handler) => {
-        if (event === CoreEvent.ConsoleLog) {
-          consoleLogHandler = handler;
-        }
+      ...((actual as Record<string, unknown>)['coreEvents'] as Record<
+        string,
+        unknown
+      >),
+      on: vi.fn((event: string, handler: (payload: unknown) => void) => {
+        handlers.set(event, handler);
       }),
-      off: vi.fn((event) => {
-        if (event === CoreEvent.ConsoleLog) {
-          consoleLogHandler = undefined;
-        }
+      off: vi.fn((event: string) => {
+        handlers.delete(event);
       }),
-      emitConsoleLog: vi.fn(),
+      // Helper for testing to trigger the handlers
+      _trigger: (event: string, payload: unknown) => {
+        handlers.get(event)?.(payload);
+      },
     },
   };
 });
 
 describe('useConsoleMessages', () => {
+  let unmounts: Array<() => void> = [];
+
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.useFakeTimers();
-    consoleLogHandler = undefined;
+    initializeConsoleStore();
   });
 
   afterEach(() => {
+    for (const unmount of unmounts) {
+      try {
+        unmount();
+      } catch (_e) {
+        // Ignore unmount errors
+      }
+    }
+    unmounts = [];
     vi.runOnlyPendingTimers();
     vi.useRealTimers();
     vi.restoreAllMocks();
   });
 
   const useTestableConsoleMessages = () => {
-    const { ...rest } = useConsoleMessages();
+    const consoleMessages = useConsoleMessages();
     const log = useCallback((content: string) => {
-      if (consoleLogHandler) {
-        consoleLogHandler({ type: 'log', content });
-      }
+      // @ts-expect-error - internal testing helper
+      coreEvents._trigger('console-log', { type: 'log', content });
     }, []);
     const error = useCallback((content: string) => {
-      if (consoleLogHandler) {
-        consoleLogHandler({ type: 'error', content });
-      }
+      // @ts-expect-error - internal testing helper
+      coreEvents._trigger('console-log', { type: 'error', content });
+    }, []);
+    const clearConsoleMessages = useCallback(() => {
+      initializeConsoleStore();
     }, []);
     return {
-      ...rest,
+      consoleMessages,
       log,
       error,
-      clearConsoleMessages: rest.clearConsoleMessages,
+      clearConsoleMessages,
     };
   };
 
   const renderConsoleMessagesHook = async () => {
-    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useTestableConsoleMessages>;
+    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useTestableConsoleMessages> | undefined;
     function TestComponent() {
       hookResult = useTestableConsoleMessages();
       return null;
     }
     const { unmount } = await render(<TestComponent />);
+    unmounts.push(unmount);
     return {
       result: {
         get current() {
-          return hookResult;
+          return hookResult!;
         },
       },
       unmount,
@@ -93,10 +110,7 @@ describe('useConsoleMessages', () => {
 
     act(() => {
       result.current.log('Test message');
-    });
-
-    await act(async () => {
-      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60);
+      vi.runAllTimers();
     });
 
     expect(result.current.consoleMessages).toEqual([
@@ -111,10 +125,7 @@ describe('useConsoleMessages', () => {
       result.current.log('Test message');
       result.current.log('Test message');
       result.current.log('Test message');
-    });
-
-    await act(async () => {
-      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60);
+      vi.runAllTimers();
     });
 
     expect(result.current.consoleMessages).toEqual([
@@ -128,10 +139,7 @@ describe('useConsoleMessages', () => {
     act(() => {
       result.current.log('First message');
       result.current.error('Second message');
-    });
-
-    await act(async () => {
-      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60);
+      vi.runAllTimers();
     });
 
     expect(result.current.consoleMessages).toEqual([
@@ -139,53 +147,85 @@ describe('useConsoleMessages', () => {
       { type: 'error', content: 'Second message', count: 1 },
     ]);
   });
+});
 
-  it('should clear all messages when clearConsoleMessages is called', async () => {
-    const { result } = await renderConsoleMessagesHook();
+describe('useErrorCount', () => {
+  let unmounts: Array<() => void> = [];
 
-    act(() => {
-      result.current.log('A message');
-    });
-
-    await act(async () => {
-      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60);
-    });
-
-    expect(result.current.consoleMessages).toHaveLength(1);
-
-    act(() => {
-      result.current.clearConsoleMessages();
-    });
-
-    expect(result.current.consoleMessages).toHaveLength(0);
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    initializeConsoleStore();
   });
 
-  it('should clear the pending timeout when clearConsoleMessages is called', async () => {
-    const { result } = await renderConsoleMessagesHook();
-    const clearTimeoutSpy = vi.spyOn(global, 'clearTimeout');
-
-    act(() => {
-      result.current.log('A message');
-    });
-
-    act(() => {
-      result.current.clearConsoleMessages();
-    });
-
-    expect(clearTimeoutSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
-    // clearTimeoutSpy.mockRestore() is handled by afterEach restoreAllMocks
+  afterEach(() => {
+    for (const unmount of unmounts) {
+      try {
+        unmount();
+      } catch (_e) {
+        // Ignore unmount errors
+      }
+    }
+    unmounts = [];
+    vi.runOnlyPendingTimers();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
   });
 
-  it('should clean up the timeout on unmount', async () => {
-    const { result, unmount } = await renderConsoleMessagesHook();
-    const clearTimeoutSpy = vi.spyOn(global, 'clearTimeout');
+  const renderErrorCountHook = async () => {
+    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useErrorCount>;
+    function TestComponent() {
+      hookResult = useErrorCount();
+      return null;
+    }
+    const { unmount } = await render(<TestComponent />);
+    unmounts.push(unmount);
+    return {
+      result: {
+        get current() {
+          return hookResult;
+        },
+      },
+      unmount,
+    };
+  };
+
+  it('should initialize with an error count of 0', async () => {
+    const { result } = await renderErrorCountHook();
+    expect(result.current.errorCount).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('should increment error count when an error is logged', async () => {
+    const { result } = await renderErrorCountHook();
+    act(() => {
+      // @ts-expect-error - internal testing helper
+      coreEvents._trigger('console-log', { type: 'error', content: 'error' });
+      vi.runAllTimers();
+    });
+    expect(result.current.errorCount).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it('should not increment error count for non-error logs', async () => {
+    const { result } = await renderErrorCountHook();
+    act(() => {
+      // @ts-expect-error - internal testing helper
+      coreEvents._trigger('console-log', { type: 'log', content: 'log' });
+      vi.runAllTimers();
+    });
+    expect(result.current.errorCount).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('should clear the error count', async () => {
+    const { result } = await renderErrorCountHook();
+    act(() => {
+      // @ts-expect-error - internal testing helper
+      coreEvents._trigger('console-log', { type: 'error', content: 'error' });
+      vi.runAllTimers();
+    });
+    expect(result.current.errorCount).toBe(1);
 
     act(() => {
-      result.current.log('A message');
+      result.current.clearErrorCount();
     });
-
-    unmount();
-
-    expect(clearTimeoutSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(result.current.errorCount).toBe(0);
   });
 });

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useConsoleMessages.ts

@@ -4,13 +4,7 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import {
-  useCallback,
-  useEffect,
-  useReducer,
-  useRef,
-  startTransition,
-} from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useSyncExternalStore } from 'react';
 import type { ConsoleMessageItem } from '../types.js';
 import {
   coreEvents,
@@ -18,207 +12,170 @@ import {
   type ConsoleLogPayload,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 
-export interface UseConsoleMessagesReturn {
-  consoleMessages: ConsoleMessageItem[];
-  clearConsoleMessages: () => void;
-}
-
-type Action =
-  | { type: 'ADD_MESSAGES'; payload: ConsoleMessageItem[] }
-  | { type: 'CLEAR' };
-
-function consoleMessagesReducer(
-  state: ConsoleMessageItem[],
-  action: Action,
-): ConsoleMessageItem[] {
-  const MAX_CONSOLE_MESSAGES = 1000;
-  switch (action.type) {
-    case 'ADD_MESSAGES': {
-      const newMessages = [...state];
-      for (const queuedMessage of action.payload) {
-        const lastMessage = newMessages[newMessages.length - 1];
-        if (
-          lastMessage &&
-          lastMessage.type === queuedMessage.type &&
-          lastMessage.content === queuedMessage.content
-        ) {
-          // Create a new object for the last message to ensure React detects
-          // the change, preventing mutation of the existing state object.
-          newMessages[newMessages.length - 1] = {
-            ...lastMessage,
-            count: lastMessage.count + 1,
-          };
-        } else {
-          newMessages.push({ ...queuedMessage, count: 1 });
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Limit the number of messages to prevent memory issues
-      if (newMessages.length > MAX_CONSOLE_MESSAGES) {
-        return newMessages.slice(newMessages.length - MAX_CONSOLE_MESSAGES);
-      }
-
-      return newMessages;
-    }
-    case 'CLEAR':
-      return [];
-    default:
-      return state;
-  }
-}
-
-export function useConsoleMessages(): UseConsoleMessagesReturn {
-  const [consoleMessages, dispatch] = useReducer(consoleMessagesReducer, []);
-  const messageQueueRef = useRef<ConsoleMessageItem[]>([]);
-  const timeoutRef = useRef<NodeJS.Timeout | null>(null);
-  const isProcessingRef = useRef(false);
-
-  const processQueue = useCallback(() => {
-    if (messageQueueRef.current.length > 0) {
-      isProcessingRef.current = true;
-      const messagesToProcess = messageQueueRef.current;
-      messageQueueRef.current = [];
-      startTransition(() => {
-        dispatch({ type: 'ADD_MESSAGES', payload: messagesToProcess });
-      });
-    }
-    timeoutRef.current = null;
-  }, []);
-
-  const handleNewMessage = useCallback(
-    (message: ConsoleMessageItem) => {
-      messageQueueRef.current.push(message);
-      if (!isProcessingRef.current && !timeoutRef.current) {
-        // Batch updates using a timeout. 50ms is a reasonable delay to batch
-        // rapid-fire messages without noticeable lag while avoiding React update
-        // queue flooding.
-        timeoutRef.current = setTimeout(processQueue, 50);
-      }
-    },
-    [processQueue],
-  );
-
-  // Once the updated consoleMessages have been committed to the screen,
-  // we can safely process the next batch of queued messages if any exist.
-  // This completely eliminates overlapping concurrent updates to this state.
-  useEffect(() => {
-    isProcessingRef.current = false;
-    if (messageQueueRef.current.length > 0 && !timeoutRef.current) {
-      timeoutRef.current = setTimeout(processQueue, 50);
-    }
-  }, [consoleMessages, processQueue]);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const handleConsoleLog = (payload: ConsoleLogPayload) => {
-      let content = payload.content;
-      const MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH = 10000;
-      if (content.length > MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH) {
-        content =
-          content.slice(0, MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH) +
-          `... [Truncated ${content.length - MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH} characters]`;
-      }
-
-      handleNewMessage({
-        type: payload.type,
-        content,
-        count: 1,
-      });
-    };
-
-    const handleOutput = (payload: {
-      isStderr: boolean;
-      chunk: Uint8Array | string;
-    }) => {
-      let content =
-        typeof payload.chunk === 'string'
-          ? payload.chunk
-          : new TextDecoder().decode(payload.chunk);
-
-      const MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH = 10000;
-      if (content.length > MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH) {
-        content =
-          content.slice(0, MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH) +
-          `... [Truncated ${content.length - MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH} characters]`;
-      }
-
-      // It would be nice if we could show stderr as 'warn' but unfortunately
-      // we log non warning info to stderr before the app starts so that would
-      // be misleading.
-      handleNewMessage({ type: 'log', content, count: 1 });
-    };
-
-    coreEvents.on(CoreEvent.ConsoleLog, handleConsoleLog);
-    coreEvents.on(CoreEvent.Output, handleOutput);
-    return () => {
-      coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.ConsoleLog, handleConsoleLog);
-      coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.Output, handleOutput);
-    };
-  }, [handleNewMessage]);
-
-  const clearConsoleMessages = useCallback(() => {
-    if (timeoutRef.current) {
-      clearTimeout(timeoutRef.current);
-      timeoutRef.current = null;
-    }
-    messageQueueRef.current = [];
-    isProcessingRef.current = true;
-    startTransition(() => {
-      dispatch({ type: 'CLEAR' });
-    });
-  }, []);
-
-  // Cleanup on unmount
-  useEffect(
-    () => () => {
-      if (timeoutRef.current) {
-        clearTimeout(timeoutRef.current);
-      }
-    },
-    [],
-  );
-
-  return { consoleMessages, clearConsoleMessages };
-}
-
 export interface UseErrorCountReturn {
   errorCount: number;
   clearErrorCount: () => void;
 }
 
+// --- Global Console Store ---
+
+const MAX_CONSOLE_MESSAGES = 1000;
+let globalConsoleMessages: ConsoleMessageItem[] = [];
+let globalErrorCount = 0;
+const listeners = new Set<() => void>();
+
+let messageQueue: ConsoleMessageItem[] = [];
+let timeoutId: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
+
+/**
+ * Initializes the global console store and subscribes to coreEvents.
+ * Acts as a safe reset function, making it idempotent and useful for test isolation.
+ * Must be called during application startup.
+ */
+export function initializeConsoleStore() {
+  if (timeoutId) {
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+    timeoutId = null;
+  }
+  messageQueue = [];
+  globalConsoleMessages = [];
+  globalErrorCount = 0;
+  notifyListeners();
+
+  // Safely detach first to ensure idempotency and prevent listener leaks
+  coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.ConsoleLog, handleConsoleLog);
+  coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.Output, handleOutput);
+
+  coreEvents.on(CoreEvent.ConsoleLog, handleConsoleLog);
+  coreEvents.on(CoreEvent.Output, handleOutput);
+}
+
+function notifyListeners() {
+  for (const listener of listeners) {
+    listener();
+  }
+}
+
+function processQueue() {
+  if (messageQueue.length === 0) return;
+
+  // Create a new array to trigger React updates
+  const newMessages = [...globalConsoleMessages];
+
+  for (const queuedMessage of messageQueue) {
+    if (queuedMessage.type === 'error') {
+      globalErrorCount++;
+    }
+
+    // Coalesce consecutive identical messages
+    const prev = newMessages[newMessages.length - 1];
+    if (
+      prev &&
+      prev.type === queuedMessage.type &&
+      prev.content === queuedMessage.content
+    ) {
+      newMessages[newMessages.length - 1] = {
+        ...prev,
+        count: prev.count + 1,
+      };
+    } else {
+      newMessages.push({ ...queuedMessage, count: 1 });
+    }
+  }
+
+  globalConsoleMessages =
+    newMessages.length > MAX_CONSOLE_MESSAGES
+      ? newMessages.slice(-MAX_CONSOLE_MESSAGES)
+      : newMessages;
+
+  messageQueue = [];
+  timeoutId = null;
+  notifyListeners();
+}
+
+function handleNewMessage(message: ConsoleMessageItem) {
+  messageQueue.push(message);
+  if (!timeoutId) {
+    // Batch updates using a timeout. 50ms is a reasonable delay to batch
+    // rapid-fire messages without noticeable lag while avoiding React update
+    // queue flooding.
+    timeoutId = setTimeout(processQueue, 50);
+  }
+}
+
+// --- Subscription API for useSyncExternalStore ---
+
+function subscribe(listener: () => void) {
+  listeners.add(listener);
+  return () => {
+    listeners.delete(listener);
+  };
+}
+
+function getConsoleMessagesSnapshot() {
+  return globalConsoleMessages;
+}
+
+function getErrorCountSnapshot() {
+  return globalErrorCount;
+}
+
+// --- Core Event Listeners (Always active at module level) ---
+
+const handleConsoleLog = (payload: ConsoleLogPayload) => {
+  let content = payload.content;
+  const MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH = 10000;
+  if (content.length > MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH) {
+    content =
+      content.slice(0, MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH) +
+      `... [Truncated ${content.length - MAX_CONSOLE_MSG_LENGTH} characters]`;
+  }
+
+  handleNewMessage({
+    type: payload.type,
+    content,
+    count: 1,
+  });
+};
+
+const handleOutput = (payload: {
+  isStderr: boolean;
+  chunk: Uint8Array | string;
+}) => {
+  let content =
+    typeof payload.chunk === 'string'
+      ? payload.chunk
+      : new TextDecoder().decode(payload.chunk);
+
+  const MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH = 10000;
+  if (content.length > MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH) {
+    content =
+      content.slice(0, MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH) +
+      `... [Truncated ${content.length - MAX_OUTPUT_CHUNK_LENGTH} characters]`;
+  }
+
+  handleNewMessage({ type: 'log', content, count: 1 });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Hook to access the global console message history.
+ * Decoupled from any component lifecycle to ensure history is preserved even
+ * when the UI is unmounted.
+ */
+export function useConsoleMessages(): ConsoleMessageItem[] {
+  return useSyncExternalStore(subscribe, getConsoleMessagesSnapshot);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Hook to access the global error count.
+ * Uses the same external store as useConsoleMessages for consistency.
+ */
 export function useErrorCount(): UseErrorCountReturn {
-  const [errorCount, dispatch] = useReducer(
-    (state: number, action: 'INCREMENT' | 'CLEAR') => {
-      switch (action) {
-        case 'INCREMENT':
-          return state + 1;
-        case 'CLEAR':
-          return 0;
-        default:
-          return state;
-      }
-    },
-    0,
-  );
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const handleConsoleLog = (payload: ConsoleLogPayload) => {
-      if (payload.type === 'error') {
-        startTransition(() => {
-          dispatch('INCREMENT');
-        });
-      }
-    };
-
-    coreEvents.on(CoreEvent.ConsoleLog, handleConsoleLog);
-    return () => {
-      coreEvents.off(CoreEvent.ConsoleLog, handleConsoleLog);
-    };
-  }, []);
+  const errorCount = useSyncExternalStore(subscribe, getErrorCountSnapshot);
 
   const clearErrorCount = useCallback(() => {
-    startTransition(() => {
-      dispatch('CLEAR');
-    });
+    globalErrorCount = 0;
+    notifyListeners();
   }, []);
 
   return { errorCount, clearErrorCount };

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.test.tsx

@@ -35,6 +35,23 @@ const mockShellOnExit = vi.hoisted(() =>
     ) => () => void
   >(() => vi.fn()),
 );
+const mockLifecycleSubscribe = vi.hoisted(() =>
+  vi.fn<
+    (pid: number, listener: (event: ShellOutputEvent) => void) => () => void
+  >(() => vi.fn()),
+);
+const mockLifecycleOnExit = vi.hoisted(() =>
+  vi.fn<
+    (
+      pid: number,
+      callback: (exitCode: number, signal?: number) => void,
+    ) => () => void
+  >(() => vi.fn()),
+);
+const mockLifecycleKill = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
+const mockLifecycleBackground = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
+const mockLifecycleOnBackground = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
+const mockLifecycleOffBackground = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 
 vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
   const actual =
@@ -48,6 +65,14 @@ vi.mock('@google/gemini-cli-core', async (importOriginal) => {
       subscribe: mockShellSubscribe,
       onExit: mockShellOnExit,
     },
+    ExecutionLifecycleService: {
+      subscribe: mockLifecycleSubscribe,
+      onExit: mockLifecycleOnExit,
+      kill: mockLifecycleKill,
+      background: mockLifecycleBackground,
+      onBackground: mockLifecycleOnBackground,
+      offBackground: mockLifecycleOffBackground,
+    },
     isBinary: mockIsBinary,
   };
 });
@@ -68,9 +93,9 @@ vi.mock('node:os', async (importOriginal) => {
 vi.mock('node:crypto');
 
 import {
-  useShellCommandProcessor,
+  useExecutionLifecycle,
   OUTPUT_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS,
-} from './shellCommandProcessor.js';
+} from './useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 import {
   type Config,
   type GeminiClient,
@@ -83,7 +108,7 @@ import * as os from 'node:os';
 import * as path from 'node:path';
 import * as crypto from 'node:crypto';
 
-describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
+describe('useExecutionLifecycle', () => {
   let addItemToHistoryMock: Mock;
   let setPendingHistoryItemMock: Mock;
   let onExecMock: Mock;
@@ -140,7 +165,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
   });
 
   const renderProcessorHook = async () => {
-    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useShellCommandProcessor>;
+    let hookResult: ReturnType<typeof useExecutionLifecycle>;
     let renderCount = 0;
     function TestComponent({
       isWaitingForConfirmation,
@@ -148,7 +173,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       isWaitingForConfirmation?: boolean;
     }) {
       renderCount++;
-      hookResult = useShellCommandProcessor(
+      hookResult = useExecutionLifecycle(
         addItemToHistoryMock,
         setPendingHistoryItemMock,
         onExecMock,
@@ -772,11 +797,11 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       const { result } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
 
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShellCount).toBe(1);
-      const shell = result.current.backgroundShells.get(1001);
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTaskCount).toBe(1);
+      const shell = result.current.backgroundTasks.get(1001);
       expect(shell).toEqual(
         expect.objectContaining({
           pid: 1001,
@@ -784,8 +809,11 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
           output: 'initial',
         }),
       );
-      expect(mockShellOnExit).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1001, expect.any(Function));
-      expect(mockShellSubscribe).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect(mockLifecycleOnExit).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        1001,
+        expect.any(Function),
+      );
+      expect(mockLifecycleSubscribe).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         1001,
         expect.any(Function),
       );
@@ -795,55 +823,55 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       const { result } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
 
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
 
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
 
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
     });
 
     it('should show info message when toggling background shells if none are active', async () => {
       const { result } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
 
       expect(addItemToHistoryMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: 'info',
-          text: 'No background shells are currently active.',
+          text: 'No background tasks are currently active.',
         }),
         expect.any(Number),
       );
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
     });
 
     it('should dismiss a background shell and remove it from state', async () => {
       const { result } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
 
       await act(async () => {
-        await result.current.dismissBackgroundShell(1001);
+        await result.current.dismissBackgroundTask(1001);
       });
 
-      expect(mockShellKill).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1001);
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShellCount).toBe(0);
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShells.has(1001)).toBe(false);
+      expect(mockLifecycleKill).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1001);
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTaskCount).toBe(0);
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTasks.has(1001)).toBe(false);
     });
 
     it('should handle backgrounding the current shell', async () => {
@@ -867,7 +895,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       expect(result.current.activeShellPtyId).toBe(555);
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.backgroundCurrentShell();
+        result.current.backgroundCurrentExecution();
       });
 
       expect(mockShellBackground).toHaveBeenCalledWith(555);
@@ -887,19 +915,19 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       // Wait for promise resolution
       await act(async () => await onExecMock.mock.calls[0][0]);
 
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShellCount).toBe(1);
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTaskCount).toBe(1);
       expect(result.current.activeShellPtyId).toBeNull();
     });
 
-    it('should persist background shell on successful exit and mark as exited', async () => {
+    it('should auto-dismiss background task on successful exit', async () => {
       const { result } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(888, 'auto-exit', '');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(888, 'auto-exit', '');
       });
 
       // Find the exit callback registered
-      const exitCallback = mockShellOnExit.mock.calls.find(
+      const exitCallback = mockLifecycleOnExit.mock.calls.find(
         (call) => call[0] === 888,
       )?.[1];
       expect(exitCallback).toBeDefined();
@@ -910,22 +938,19 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
         });
       }
 
-      // Should NOT be removed, but updated
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShellCount).toBe(0); // Badge count is 0
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShells.has(888)).toBe(true); // Map has it
-      const shell = result.current.backgroundShells.get(888);
-      expect(shell?.status).toBe('exited');
-      expect(shell?.exitCode).toBe(0);
+      // Should be auto-dismissed from the panel
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTaskCount).toBe(0);
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTasks.has(888)).toBe(false);
     });
 
-    it('should persist background shell on failed exit', async () => {
+    it('should auto-dismiss background task on failed exit', async () => {
       const { result } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(999, 'fail-exit', '');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(999, 'fail-exit', '');
       });
 
-      const exitCallback = mockShellOnExit.mock.calls.find(
+      const exitCallback = mockLifecycleOnExit.mock.calls.find(
         (call) => call[0] === 999,
       )?.[1];
       expect(exitCallback).toBeDefined();
@@ -936,34 +961,26 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
         });
       }
 
-      // Should NOT be removed, but updated
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShellCount).toBe(0); // Badge count is 0
-      const shell = result.current.backgroundShells.get(999);
-      expect(shell?.status).toBe('exited');
-      expect(shell?.exitCode).toBe(1);
-
-      // Now dismiss it
-      await act(async () => {
-        await result.current.dismissBackgroundShell(999);
-      });
-      expect(result.current.backgroundShellCount).toBe(0);
+      // Should be auto-dismissed from the panel
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTaskCount).toBe(0);
+      expect(result.current.backgroundTasks.has(999)).toBe(false);
     });
 
     it('should NOT trigger re-render on background shell output when visible', async () => {
       const { result, getRenderCount } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
 
       // Show the background shells
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
 
       const initialRenderCount = getRenderCount();
 
-      const subscribeCallback = mockShellSubscribe.mock.calls.find(
+      const subscribeCallback = mockLifecycleSubscribe.mock.calls.find(
         (call) => call[0] === 1001,
       )?.[1];
       expect(subscribeCallback).toBeDefined();
@@ -975,7 +992,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       }
 
       expect(getRenderCount()).toBeGreaterThan(initialRenderCount);
-      const shell = result.current.backgroundShells.get(1001);
+      const shell = result.current.backgroundTasks.get(1001);
       expect(shell?.output).toBe('initial + updated');
     });
 
@@ -983,13 +1000,13 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       const { result, getRenderCount } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
 
       // Ensure background shells are hidden (default)
       const initialRenderCount = getRenderCount();
 
-      const subscribeCallback = mockShellSubscribe.mock.calls.find(
+      const subscribeCallback = mockLifecycleSubscribe.mock.calls.find(
         (call) => call[0] === 1001,
       )?.[1];
       expect(subscribeCallback).toBeDefined();
@@ -1001,7 +1018,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       }
 
       expect(getRenderCount()).toBeGreaterThan(initialRenderCount);
-      const shell = result.current.backgroundShells.get(1001);
+      const shell = result.current.backgroundTasks.get(1001);
       expect(shell?.output).toBe('initial + updated');
     });
 
@@ -1009,17 +1026,17 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       const { result, getRenderCount } = await renderProcessorHook();
 
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
 
       // Show the background shells
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
 
       const initialRenderCount = getRenderCount();
 
-      const subscribeCallback = mockShellSubscribe.mock.calls.find(
+      const subscribeCallback = mockLifecycleSubscribe.mock.calls.find(
         (call) => call[0] === 1001,
       )?.[1];
       expect(subscribeCallback).toBeDefined();
@@ -1031,7 +1048,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       }
 
       expect(getRenderCount()).toBeGreaterThan(initialRenderCount);
-      const shell = result.current.backgroundShells.get(1001);
+      const shell = result.current.backgroundTasks.get(1001);
       expect(shell?.isBinary).toBe(true);
       expect(shell?.binaryBytesReceived).toBe(1024);
     });
@@ -1041,12 +1058,12 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
 
       // 1. Register and show background shell
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
 
       // 2. Simulate model responding (not waiting for confirmation)
       act(() => {
@@ -1054,7 +1071,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       });
 
       // Should stay visible
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
     });
 
     it('should hide background shell when waiting for confirmation and restore after delay', async () => {
@@ -1062,12 +1079,12 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
 
       // 1. Register and show background shell
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
 
       // 2. Simulate tool confirmation showing up
       act(() => {
@@ -1075,7 +1092,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       });
 
       // Should be hidden
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
 
       // 3. Simulate confirmation accepted (waiting for PTY start)
       act(() => {
@@ -1083,11 +1100,11 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       });
 
       // Should STAY hidden during the 300ms gap
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
 
       // 4. Wait for restore delay
       await waitFor(() =>
-        expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true),
+        expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true),
       );
     });
 
@@ -1096,12 +1113,12 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
 
       // 1. Register and show background shell
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
 
       // 2. Start foreground shell
       act(() => {
@@ -1112,7 +1129,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.activeShellPtyId).toBe(12345));
 
       // Should be hidden automatically
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
 
       // 3. Complete foreground shell
       act(() => {
@@ -1123,7 +1140,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
 
       // Should be restored automatically (after delay)
       await waitFor(() =>
-        expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true),
+        expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true),
       );
     });
 
@@ -1132,25 +1149,25 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
 
       // 1. Register and show background shell
       act(() => {
-        result.current.registerBackgroundShell(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
+        result.current.registerBackgroundTask(1001, 'bg-cmd', 'initial');
       });
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
 
       // 2. Start foreground shell
       act(() => {
         result.current.handleShellCommand('ls', new AbortController().signal);
       });
       await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.activeShellPtyId).toBe(12345));
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(false);
 
       // 3. Manually toggle visibility (e.g. user wants to peek)
       act(() => {
-        result.current.toggleBackgroundShell();
+        result.current.toggleBackgroundTasks();
       });
-      expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true);
 
       // 4. Complete foreground shell
       act(() => {
@@ -1161,7 +1178,7 @@ describe('useShellCommandProcessor', () => {
       // It should NOT change visibility because manual toggle cleared the auto-restore flag
       // After delay it should stay true (as it was manually toggled to true)
       await waitFor(() =>
-        expect(result.current.isBackgroundShellVisible).toBe(true),
+        expect(result.current.isBackgroundTaskVisible).toBe(true),
       );
     });
   });

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.ts

@@ -9,10 +9,16 @@ import type {
   IndividualToolCallDisplay,
 } from '../types.js';
 import { useCallback, useReducer, useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
-import type { AnsiOutput, Config, GeminiClient } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
+import type {
+  AnsiOutput,
+  Config,
+  GeminiClient,
+  CompletionBehavior,
+} from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import {
   isBinary,
   ShellExecutionService,
+  ExecutionLifecycleService,
   CoreToolCallStatus,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { type PartListUnion } from '@google/genai';
@@ -27,9 +33,9 @@ import { themeManager } from '../../ui/themes/theme-manager.js';
 import {
   shellReducer,
   initialState,
-  type BackgroundShell,
+  type BackgroundTask,
 } from './shellReducer.js';
-export { type BackgroundShell };
+export { type BackgroundTask };
 
 export const OUTPUT_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS = 1000;
 const RESTORE_VISIBILITY_DELAY_MS = 300;
@@ -66,7 +72,7 @@ function addShellCommandToGeminiHistory(
  * Hook to process shell commands.
  * Orchestrates command execution and updates history and agent context.
  */
-export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
+export const useExecutionLifecycle = (
   addItemToHistory: UseHistoryManagerReturn['addItem'],
   setPendingHistoryItem: React.Dispatch<
     React.SetStateAction<HistoryItemWithoutId | null>
@@ -113,7 +119,7 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
         m.restoreTimeout = null;
       }
 
-      if (state.isBackgroundShellVisible && !m.wasVisibleBeforeForeground) {
+      if (state.isBackgroundTaskVisible && !m.wasVisibleBeforeForeground) {
         m.wasVisibleBeforeForeground = true;
         dispatch({ type: 'SET_VISIBILITY', visible: false });
       }
@@ -135,14 +141,14 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
   }, [
     activePtyId,
     isWaitingForConfirmation,
-    state.isBackgroundShellVisible,
+    state.isBackgroundTaskVisible,
     m,
     dispatch,
   ]);
 
   useEffect(
     () => () => {
-      // Unsubscribe from all background shell events on unmount
+      // Unsubscribe from all background task events on unmount
       for (const unsubscribe of m.subscriptions.values()) {
         unsubscribe();
       }
@@ -151,9 +157,9 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
     [m],
   );
 
-  const toggleBackgroundShell = useCallback(() => {
-    if (state.backgroundShells.size > 0) {
-      const willBeVisible = !state.isBackgroundShellVisible;
+  const toggleBackgroundTasks = useCallback(() => {
+    if (state.backgroundTasks.size > 0) {
+      const willBeVisible = !state.isBackgroundTaskVisible;
       dispatch({ type: 'TOGGLE_VISIBILITY' });
 
       const isForegroundActive = !!activePtyId || !!isWaitingForConfirmation;
@@ -167,34 +173,44 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
       }
 
       if (willBeVisible) {
-        dispatch({ type: 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_SHELLS' });
+        dispatch({ type: 'SYNC_BACKGROUND_TASKS' });
       }
     } else {
       dispatch({ type: 'SET_VISIBILITY', visible: false });
       addItemToHistory(
         {
           type: 'info',
-          text: 'No background shells are currently active.',
+          text: 'No background tasks are currently active.',
         },
         Date.now(),
       );
     }
   }, [
     addItemToHistory,
-    state.backgroundShells.size,
-    state.isBackgroundShellVisible,
+    state.backgroundTasks.size,
+    state.isBackgroundTaskVisible,
     activePtyId,
     isWaitingForConfirmation,
     m,
     dispatch,
   ]);
 
-  const backgroundCurrentShell = useCallback(() => {
+  const backgroundCurrentExecution = useCallback(() => {
     const pidToBackground =
       state.activeShellPtyId ?? activeBackgroundExecutionId;
     if (pidToBackground) {
-      ShellExecutionService.background(pidToBackground);
+      // TRACK THE PID BEFORE TRIGGERING THE BACKGROUND ACTION
+      // This prevents the onBackground listener from double-registering.
       m.backgroundedPids.add(pidToBackground);
+
+      // Use ShellExecutionService for shell PTYs (handles log files, etc.),
+      // fall back to ExecutionLifecycleService for non-shell executions
+      // (e.g. remote agents, MCP tools, local agents).
+      if (state.activeShellPtyId) {
+        ShellExecutionService.background(pidToBackground);
+      } else {
+        ExecutionLifecycleService.background(pidToBackground);
+      }
       // Ensure backgrounding is silent and doesn't trigger restoration
       m.wasVisibleBeforeForeground = false;
       if (m.restoreTimeout) {
@@ -204,14 +220,16 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
     }
   }, [state.activeShellPtyId, activeBackgroundExecutionId, m]);
 
-  const dismissBackgroundShell = useCallback(
+  const dismissBackgroundTask = useCallback(
     async (pid: number) => {
-      const shell = state.backgroundShells.get(pid);
+      const shell = state.backgroundTasks.get(pid);
       if (shell) {
         if (shell.status === 'running') {
-          await ShellExecutionService.kill(pid);
+          // ExecutionLifecycleService.kill handles both shell and non-shell
+          // executions. For shells, ShellExecutionService.kill delegates to it.
+          ExecutionLifecycleService.kill(pid);
         }
-        dispatch({ type: 'DISMISS_SHELL', pid });
+        dispatch({ type: 'DISMISS_TASK', pid });
         m.backgroundedPids.delete(pid);
 
         // Unsubscribe from updates
@@ -222,40 +240,73 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
         }
       }
     },
-    [state.backgroundShells, dispatch, m],
+    [state.backgroundTasks, dispatch, m],
   );
 
-  const registerBackgroundShell = useCallback(
-    (pid: number, command: string, initialOutput: string | AnsiOutput) => {
-      dispatch({ type: 'REGISTER_SHELL', pid, command, initialOutput });
+  const registerBackgroundTask = useCallback(
+    (
+      pid: number,
+      command: string,
+      initialOutput: string | AnsiOutput,
+      completionBehavior?: CompletionBehavior,
+    ) => {
+      m.backgroundedPids.add(pid);
+      dispatch({
+        type: 'REGISTER_TASK',
+        pid,
+        command,
+        initialOutput,
+        completionBehavior,
+      });
 
-      // Subscribe to process exit directly
-      const exitUnsubscribe = ShellExecutionService.onExit(pid, (code) => {
+      // Subscribe to exit via ExecutionLifecycleService (works for all execution types)
+      const exitUnsubscribe = ExecutionLifecycleService.onExit(pid, (code) => {
         dispatch({
-          type: 'UPDATE_SHELL',
+          type: 'UPDATE_TASK',
           pid,
           update: { status: 'exited', exitCode: code },
         });
+        // Auto-dismiss for inject/notify (output was delivered to conversation).
+        // Silent tasks stay in the UI until manually dismissed.
+        if (completionBehavior !== 'silent') {
+          dispatch({ type: 'DISMISS_TASK', pid });
+        }
+        const unsub = m.subscriptions.get(pid);
+        if (unsub) {
+          unsub();
+          m.subscriptions.delete(pid);
+        }
         m.backgroundedPids.delete(pid);
       });
 
-      // Subscribe to future updates (data only)
-      const dataUnsubscribe = ShellExecutionService.subscribe(pid, (event) => {
-        if (event.type === 'data') {
-          dispatch({ type: 'APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT', pid, chunk: event.chunk });
-        } else if (event.type === 'binary_detected') {
-          dispatch({ type: 'UPDATE_SHELL', pid, update: { isBinary: true } });
-        } else if (event.type === 'binary_progress') {
-          dispatch({
-            type: 'UPDATE_SHELL',
-            pid,
-            update: {
-              isBinary: true,
-              binaryBytesReceived: event.bytesReceived,
-            },
-          });
-        }
-      });
+      // Subscribe to output via ExecutionLifecycleService (works for all execution types)
+      const dataUnsubscribe = ExecutionLifecycleService.subscribe(
+        pid,
+        (event) => {
+          if (event.type === 'data') {
+            dispatch({
+              type: 'APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT',
+              pid,
+              chunk: event.chunk,
+            });
+          } else if (event.type === 'binary_detected') {
+            dispatch({
+              type: 'UPDATE_TASK',
+              pid,
+              update: { isBinary: true },
+            });
+          } else if (event.type === 'binary_progress') {
+            dispatch({
+              type: 'UPDATE_TASK',
+              pid,
+              update: {
+                isBinary: true,
+                binaryBytesReceived: event.bytesReceived,
+              },
+            });
+          }
+        },
+      );
 
       m.subscriptions.set(pid, () => {
         exitUnsubscribe();
@@ -265,6 +316,34 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
     [dispatch, m],
   );
 
+  // Auto-register any execution that gets backgrounded, regardless of type.
+  // This is the agnostic hook: any tool that calls
+  // ExecutionLifecycleService.createExecution() or attachExecution()
+  // automatically gets Ctrl+B support — no UI changes needed per tool.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const listener = (info: {
+      executionId: number;
+      label: string;
+      output: string;
+      completionBehavior: CompletionBehavior;
+    }) => {
+      // Skip if already registered (e.g. shells register via their own flow)
+      if (m.backgroundedPids.has(info.executionId)) {
+        return;
+      }
+      registerBackgroundTask(
+        info.executionId,
+        info.label,
+        info.output,
+        info.completionBehavior,
+      );
+    };
+    ExecutionLifecycleService.onBackground(listener);
+    return () => {
+      ExecutionLifecycleService.offBackground(listener);
+    };
+  }, [registerBackgroundTask, m]);
+
   const handleShellCommand = useCallback(
     (rawQuery: PartListUnion, abortSignal: AbortSignal): boolean => {
       if (typeof rawQuery !== 'string' || rawQuery.trim() === '') {
@@ -377,7 +456,7 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
                 if (executionPid && m.backgroundedPids.has(executionPid)) {
                   // If already backgrounded, let the background shell subscription handle it.
                   dispatch({
-                    type: 'APPEND_SHELL_OUTPUT',
+                    type: 'APPEND_TASK_OUTPUT',
                     pid: executionPid,
                     chunk:
                       event.type === 'data' ? event.chunk : cumulativeStdout,
@@ -437,7 +516,12 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
           setPendingHistoryItem(null);
 
           if (result.backgrounded && result.pid) {
-            registerBackgroundShell(result.pid, rawQuery, cumulativeStdout);
+            registerBackgroundTask(
+              result.pid,
+              rawQuery,
+              cumulativeStdout,
+              'notify',
+            );
             dispatch({ type: 'SET_ACTIVE_PTY', pid: null });
           }
 
@@ -529,26 +613,26 @@ export const useShellCommandProcessor = (
       setShellInputFocused,
       terminalHeight,
       terminalWidth,
-      registerBackgroundShell,
+      registerBackgroundTask,
       m,
       dispatch,
     ],
   );
 
-  const backgroundShellCount = Array.from(
-    state.backgroundShells.values(),
-  ).filter((s: BackgroundShell) => s.status === 'running').length;
+  const backgroundTaskCount = Array.from(state.backgroundTasks.values()).filter(
+    (s: BackgroundTask) => s.status === 'running',
+  ).length;
 
   return {
     handleShellCommand,
     activeShellPtyId: state.activeShellPtyId,
     lastShellOutputTime: state.lastShellOutputTime,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    isBackgroundShellVisible: state.isBackgroundShellVisible,
-    toggleBackgroundShell,
-    backgroundCurrentShell,
-    registerBackgroundShell,
-    dismissBackgroundShell,
-    backgroundShells: state.backgroundShells,
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible: state.isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+    toggleBackgroundTasks,
+    backgroundCurrentExecution,
+    registerBackgroundTask,
+    dismissBackgroundTask,
+    backgroundTasks: state.backgroundTasks,
   };
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useGeminiStream.test.tsx

@@ -179,11 +179,18 @@ vi.mock('./useKeypress.js', () => ({
   useKeypress: vi.fn(),
 }));
 
-vi.mock('./shellCommandProcessor.js', () => ({
-  useShellCommandProcessor: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
+vi.mock('./useExecutionLifecycle.js', () => ({
+  useExecutionLifecycle: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
     handleShellCommand: vi.fn(),
     activeShellPtyId: null,
     lastShellOutputTime: 0,
+    backgroundTaskCount: 0,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible: false,
+    toggleBackgroundTasks: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundCurrentExecution: vi.fn(),
+    backgroundTasks: new Map(),
+    dismissBackgroundTask: vi.fn(),
+    registerBackgroundTask: vi.fn(),
   }),
 }));
 

packages/cli/src/ui/hooks/useGeminiStream.ts

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ import {
   Kind,
   ACTIVATE_SKILL_TOOL_NAME,
   shouldHideToolCall,
+  UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME,
+  UPDATE_TOPIC_DISPLAY_NAME,
 } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import type {
   Config,
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ import {
   ToolCallStatus,
 } from '../types.js';
 import { isAtCommand, isSlashCommand } from '../utils/commandUtils.js';
-import { useShellCommandProcessor } from './shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import { useExecutionLifecycle } from './useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 import { handleAtCommand } from './atCommandProcessor.js';
 import { findLastSafeSplitPoint } from '../utils/markdownUtilities.js';
 import { getInlineThinkingMode } from '../utils/inlineThinkingMode.js';
@@ -82,6 +84,7 @@ import type { UseHistoryManagerReturn } from './useHistoryManager.js';
 import { useLogger } from './useLogger.js';
 import { SHELL_COMMAND_NAME } from '../constants.js';
 import { mapToDisplay as mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay } from './toolMapping.js';
+import { isCompactTool } from '../components/messages/ToolGroupMessage.js';
 import {
   useToolScheduler,
   type TrackedToolCall,
@@ -108,6 +111,9 @@ interface BackgroundedToolInfo {
   initialOutput: string;
 }
 
+const isTopicTool = (name: string): boolean =>
+  name === UPDATE_TOPIC_TOOL_NAME || name === UPDATE_TOPIC_DISPLAY_NAME;
+
 enum StreamProcessingStatus {
   Completed,
   UserCancelled,
@@ -298,9 +304,32 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
           (tc) => !pushedToolCallIdsRef.current.has(tc.request.callId),
         );
         if (toolsToPush.length > 0) {
+          const isCompactModeEnabled =
+            settings.merged.ui?.compactToolOutput === true;
+          const firstToolToPush = toolsToPush[0];
+          const tcIndex = toolCalls.indexOf(firstToolToPush);
+          const prevTool = tcIndex > 0 ? toolCalls[tcIndex - 1] : null;
+
+          let borderTop = isFirstToolInGroupRef.current;
+          if (!borderTop && prevTool) {
+            // If the first tool in this push is non-compact but follows a compact tool,
+            // we must start a new border group.
+            const currentIsCompact = isCompactTool(
+              mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(firstToolToPush).tools[0],
+              isCompactModeEnabled,
+            );
+            const prevWasCompact = isCompactTool(
+              mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(prevTool).tools[0],
+              isCompactModeEnabled,
+            );
+            if (!currentIsCompact && prevWasCompact) {
+              borderTop = true;
+            }
+          }
+
           addItem(
             mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(toolsToPush as TrackedToolCall[], {
-              borderTop: isFirstToolInGroupRef.current,
+              borderTop,
               borderBottom: true,
               borderColor: theme.border.default,
               borderDimColor: false,
@@ -335,9 +364,7 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
         }
 
         // Handle tool response submission immediately when tools complete
-        await handleCompletedTools(
-          completedToolCallsFromScheduler as TrackedToolCall[],
-        );
+        await handleCompletedTools(completedToolCallsFromScheduler);
       }
     },
     config,
@@ -364,14 +391,14 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
     handleShellCommand,
     activeShellPtyId,
     lastShellOutputTime,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    isBackgroundShellVisible,
-    toggleBackgroundShell,
-    backgroundCurrentShell,
-    registerBackgroundShell,
-    dismissBackgroundShell,
-    backgroundShells,
-  } = useShellCommandProcessor(
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+    toggleBackgroundTasks,
+    backgroundCurrentExecution,
+    registerBackgroundTask,
+    dismissBackgroundTask,
+    backgroundTasks,
+  } = useExecutionLifecycle(
     addItem,
     setPendingHistoryItem,
     onExec,
@@ -467,29 +494,98 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
 
     if (toolsToPush.length > 0) {
       const newPushed = new Set(pushedToolCallIdsRef.current);
+      const isFirstInThisPush = isFirstToolInGroupRef.current;
+      const isCompactModeEnabled =
+        settings.merged.ui?.compactToolOutput === true;
+
+      const groups: TrackedToolCall[][] = [];
+      let currentGroup: TrackedToolCall[] = [];
 
       for (const tc of toolsToPush) {
         newPushed.add(tc.request.callId);
+
+        if (tc.tool?.kind === Kind.Agent) {
+          currentGroup.push(tc);
+        } else {
+          if (currentGroup.length > 0) {
+            groups.push(currentGroup);
+            currentGroup = [];
+          }
+          groups.push([tc]);
+        }
+      }
+      if (currentGroup.length > 0) {
+        groups.push(currentGroup);
       }
 
-      const isLastInBatch =
-        toolsToPush[toolsToPush.length - 1] === toolCalls[toolCalls.length - 1];
+      for (let i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
+        const group = groups[i];
+        const isFirstInBatch = i === 0 && isFirstInThisPush;
+        const lastTcInGroup = group[group.length - 1];
+        const tcIndexInBatch = toolCalls.indexOf(lastTcInGroup);
+        const isLastInBatch = tcIndexInBatch === toolCalls.length - 1;
 
-      const historyItem = mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(toolsToPush, {
-        borderTop: isFirstToolInGroupRef.current,
-        borderBottom: isLastInBatch,
-        ...getToolGroupBorderAppearance(
-          { type: 'tool_group', tools: toolCalls },
-          activeShellPtyId,
-          !!isShellFocused,
-          [],
-          backgroundShells,
-        ),
-      });
-      addItem(historyItem);
+        const nextTcInBatch =
+          tcIndexInBatch < toolCalls.length - 1
+            ? toolCalls[tcIndexInBatch + 1]
+            : null;
+        const prevTcInBatch =
+          toolCalls.indexOf(group[0]) > 0
+            ? toolCalls[toolCalls.indexOf(group[0]) - 1]
+            : null;
+
+        const historyItem = mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(group, {
+          ...getToolGroupBorderAppearance(
+            { type: 'tool_group', tools: toolCalls },
+            activeShellPtyId,
+            !!isShellFocused,
+            [],
+            backgroundTasks,
+          ),
+        });
+
+        // Determine if this group starts with a compact tool
+        const currentIsCompact =
+          historyItem.tools.length === 1 &&
+          isCompactTool(historyItem.tools[0], isCompactModeEnabled);
+
+        let nextIsCompact = false;
+        if (nextTcInBatch) {
+          const nextHistoryItem = mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(nextTcInBatch);
+          nextIsCompact =
+            nextHistoryItem.tools.length === 1 &&
+            isCompactTool(nextHistoryItem.tools[0], isCompactModeEnabled);
+        }
+
+        let prevWasCompact = false;
+        if (prevTcInBatch) {
+          const prevHistoryItem = mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(prevTcInBatch);
+          prevWasCompact =
+            prevHistoryItem.tools.length === 1 &&
+            isCompactTool(prevHistoryItem.tools[0], isCompactModeEnabled);
+        }
+
+        historyItem.borderTop =
+          isFirstInBatch || (!currentIsCompact && prevWasCompact);
+        historyItem.borderBottom = currentIsCompact
+          ? isLastInBatch && !nextIsCompact
+          : isLastInBatch || nextIsCompact;
+
+        addItem(historyItem);
+      }
 
       setPushedToolCallIds(newPushed);
-      setIsFirstToolInGroup(false);
+
+      // If this batch ONLY contains topics, and we were the first in the group,
+      // the NEXT batch is still effectively the first VISIBLE bordered tool in the group.
+      if (
+        isFirstToolInGroupRef.current &&
+        toolsToPush.every((tc) => isTopicTool(tc.request.name))
+      ) {
+        // Keep it true!
+      } else {
+        setIsFirstToolInGroup(false);
+      }
     }
   }, [
     toolCalls,
@@ -500,9 +596,9 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
     addItem,
     activeShellPtyId,
     isShellFocused,
-    backgroundShells,
+    backgroundTasks,
+    settings.merged.ui?.compactToolOutput,
   ]);
-
   const pendingToolGroupItems = useMemo((): HistoryItemWithoutId[] => {
     const remainingTools = toolCalls.filter(
       (tc) => !pushedToolCallIds.has(tc.request.callId),
@@ -515,19 +611,30 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
       activeShellPtyId,
       !!isShellFocused,
       [],
-      backgroundShells,
+      backgroundTasks,
     );
 
     if (remainingTools.length > 0) {
+      // Should we draw a top border? Yes if NO previous tools were drawn,
+      // OR if ALL previously drawn tools were topics (which don't draw top borders).
+      let needsTopBorder = pushedToolCallIds.size === 0;
+      if (!needsTopBorder) {
+        const allPushedWereTopics = toolCalls
+          .filter((tc) => pushedToolCallIds.has(tc.request.callId))
+          .every((tc) => isTopicTool(tc.request.name));
+        if (allPushedWereTopics) {
+          needsTopBorder = true;
+        }
+      }
+
       items.push(
         mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(remainingTools, {
-          borderTop: pushedToolCallIds.size === 0,
+          borderTop: needsTopBorder,
           borderBottom: false, // Stay open to connect with the slice below
           ...appearance,
         }),
       );
     }
-
     // Always show a bottom border slice if we have ANY tools in the batch
     // and we haven't finished pushing the whole batch to history yet.
     // Once all tools are terminal and pushed, the last history item handles the closing border.
@@ -544,8 +651,7 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
       toolCalls.length > 0 &&
       toolCalls.every((tc) => pushedToolCallIds.has(tc.request.callId));
 
-    const anyVisibleInHistory = pushedToolCallIds.size > 0;
-    const anyVisibleInPending = remainingTools.some((tc) => {
+    const isToolVisible = (tc: TrackedToolCall) => {
       const displayName = tc.tool?.displayName ?? tc.request.name;
 
       let hasResultDisplay = false;
@@ -582,12 +688,25 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
       // ToolGroupMessage now shows all non-canceled tools, so they are visible
       // in pending and we need to draw the closing border for them.
       return true;
-    });
+    };
+
+    let lastVisibleIsCompact = false;
+    const isCompactModeEnabled = settings.merged.ui?.compactToolOutput === true;
+    for (let i = toolCalls.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      if (isToolVisible(toolCalls[i])) {
+        const mapped = mapTrackedToolCallsToDisplay(toolCalls[i]);
+        lastVisibleIsCompact = mapped.tools[0]
+          ? isCompactTool(mapped.tools[0], isCompactModeEnabled)
+          : false;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
 
     if (
       toolCalls.length > 0 &&
       !(allTerminal && allPushed) &&
-      (anyVisibleInHistory || anyVisibleInPending)
+      toolCalls.some(isToolVisible) &&
+      !lastVisibleIsCompact
     ) {
       items.push({
         type: 'tool_group' as const,
@@ -604,7 +723,8 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
     pushedToolCallIds,
     activeShellPtyId,
     isShellFocused,
-    backgroundShells,
+    backgroundTasks,
+    settings.merged.ui?.compactToolOutput,
   ]);
 
   const lastQueryRef = useRef<PartListUnion | null>(null);
@@ -1794,7 +1914,7 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
       for (const toolCall of completedAndReadyToSubmitTools) {
         const backgroundedTool = getBackgroundedToolInfo(toolCall);
         if (backgroundedTool) {
-          registerBackgroundShell(
+          registerBackgroundTask(
             backgroundedTool.pid,
             backgroundedTool.command,
             backgroundedTool.initialOutput,
@@ -1928,7 +2048,7 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
       performMemoryRefresh,
       modelSwitchedFromQuotaError,
       addItem,
-      registerBackgroundShell,
+      registerBackgroundTask,
       consumeUserHint,
       isLowErrorVerbosity,
       maybeAddSuppressedToolErrorNote,
@@ -2023,12 +2143,12 @@ export const useGeminiStream = (
     activePtyId,
     loopDetectionConfirmationRequest,
     lastOutputTime,
-    backgroundShellCount,
-    isBackgroundShellVisible,
-    toggleBackgroundShell,
-    backgroundCurrentShell,
-    backgroundShells,
-    dismissBackgroundShell,
+    backgroundTaskCount,
+    isBackgroundTaskVisible,
+    toggleBackgroundTasks,
+    backgroundCurrentExecution,
+    backgroundTasks,
+    dismissBackgroundTask,
     retryStatus,
   };
 };

packages/cli/src/ui/layouts/DefaultAppLayout.test.tsx

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import { DefaultAppLayout } from './DefaultAppLayout.js';
 import { StreamingState } from '../types.js';
 import { Text } from 'ink';
 import type { UIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
-import type { BackgroundShell } from '../hooks/shellCommandProcessor.js';
+import type { BackgroundTask } from '../hooks/useExecutionLifecycle.js';
 
 // Mock dependencies
 const mockUIState = {
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ const mockUIState = {
   terminalHeight: 24,
   terminalWidth: 80,
   mainAreaWidth: 80,
-  backgroundShells: new Map<number, BackgroundShell>(),
-  activeBackgroundShellPid: null as number | null,
-  backgroundShellHeight: 10,
+  backgroundTasks: new Map<number, BackgroundTask>(),
+  activeBackgroundTaskPid: null as number | null,
+  backgroundTaskHeight: 10,
   embeddedShellFocused: false,
   dialogsVisible: false,
   streamingState: StreamingState.Idle,
-  isBackgroundShellListOpen: false,
+  isBackgroundTaskListOpen: false,
   mainControlsRef: vi.fn(),
   customDialog: null,
   historyManager: { addItem: vi.fn() },
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const mockUIState = {
   constrainHeight: false,
   availableTerminalHeight: 20,
   activePtyId: null,
-  isBackgroundShellVisible: true,
+  isBackgroundTaskVisible: true,
 } as unknown as UIState;
 
 vi.mock('../contexts/UIStateContext.js', () => ({
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ vi.mock('../components/ExitWarning.js', () => ({
 vi.mock('../components/CopyModeWarning.js', () => ({
   CopyModeWarning: () => <Text>CopyModeWarning</Text>,
 }));
-vi.mock('../components/BackgroundShellDisplay.js', () => ({
-  BackgroundShellDisplay: () => <Text>BackgroundShellDisplay</Text>,
+vi.mock('../components/BackgroundTaskDisplay.js', () => ({
+  BackgroundTaskDisplay: () => <Text>BackgroundTaskDisplay</Text>,
 }));
 
-const createMockShell = (pid: number): BackgroundShell => ({
+const createMockShell = (pid: number): BackgroundTask => ({
   pid,
   command: 'test command',
   output: 'test output',
@@ -96,25 +96,25 @@ describe('<DefaultAppLayout />', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
     // Reset mock state defaults
-    mockUIState.backgroundShells = new Map();
-    mockUIState.activeBackgroundShellPid = null;
+    mockUIState.backgroundTasks = new Map();
+    mockUIState.activeBackgroundTaskPid = null;
     mockUIState.streamingState = StreamingState.Idle;
   });
 
-  it('renders BackgroundShellDisplay when shells exist and active', async () => {
-    mockUIState.backgroundShells.set(123, createMockShell(123));
-    mockUIState.activeBackgroundShellPid = 123;
-    mockUIState.backgroundShellHeight = 5;
+  it('renders BackgroundTaskDisplay when shells exist and active', async () => {
+    mockUIState.backgroundTasks.set(123, createMockShell(123));
+    mockUIState.activeBackgroundTaskPid = 123;
+    mockUIState.backgroundTaskHeight = 5;
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(<DefaultAppLayout />);
     expect(lastFrame()).toMatchSnapshot();
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('hides BackgroundShellDisplay when StreamingState is WaitingForConfirmation', async () => {
-    mockUIState.backgroundShells.set(123, createMockShell(123));
-    mockUIState.activeBackgroundShellPid = 123;
-    mockUIState.backgroundShellHeight = 5;
+  it('hides BackgroundTaskDisplay when StreamingState is WaitingForConfirmation', async () => {
+    mockUIState.backgroundTasks.set(123, createMockShell(123));
+    mockUIState.activeBackgroundTaskPid = 123;
+    mockUIState.backgroundTaskHeight = 5;
     mockUIState.streamingState = StreamingState.WaitingForConfirmation;
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(<DefaultAppLayout />);
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ describe('<DefaultAppLayout />', () => {
     unmount();
   });
 
-  it('shows BackgroundShellDisplay when StreamingState is NOT WaitingForConfirmation', async () => {
-    mockUIState.backgroundShells.set(123, createMockShell(123));
-    mockUIState.activeBackgroundShellPid = 123;
-    mockUIState.backgroundShellHeight = 5;
+  it('shows BackgroundTaskDisplay when StreamingState is NOT WaitingForConfirmation', async () => {
+    mockUIState.backgroundTasks.set(123, createMockShell(123));
+    mockUIState.activeBackgroundTaskPid = 123;
+    mockUIState.backgroundTaskHeight = 5;
     mockUIState.streamingState = StreamingState.Responding;
 
     const { lastFrame, unmount } = await render(<DefaultAppLayout />);

packages/cli/src/ui/layouts/DefaultAppLayout.tsx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import { useUIState } from '../contexts/UIStateContext.js';
 import { useFlickerDetector } from '../hooks/useFlickerDetector.js';
 import { useAlternateBuffer } from '../hooks/useAlternateBuffer.js';
 import { CopyModeWarning } from '../components/CopyModeWarning.js';
-import { BackgroundShellDisplay } from '../components/BackgroundShellDisplay.js';
+import { BackgroundTaskDisplay } from '../components/BackgroundTaskDisplay.js';
 import { StreamingState } from '../types.js';
 
 export const DefaultAppLayout: React.FC = () => {
@@ -39,21 +39,21 @@ export const DefaultAppLayout: React.FC = () => {
     >
       <MainContent />
 
-      {uiState.isBackgroundShellVisible &&
-        uiState.backgroundShells.size > 0 &&
-        uiState.activeBackgroundShellPid &&
-        uiState.backgroundShellHeight > 0 &&
+      {uiState.isBackgroundTaskVisible &&
+        uiState.backgroundTasks.size > 0 &&
+        uiState.activeBackgroundTaskPid &&
+        uiState.backgroundTaskHeight > 0 &&
         uiState.streamingState !== StreamingState.WaitingForConfirmation && (
-          <Box height={uiState.backgroundShellHeight} flexShrink={0}>
-            <BackgroundShellDisplay
-              shells={uiState.backgroundShells}
-              activePid={uiState.activeBackgroundShellPid}
+          <Box height={uiState.backgroundTaskHeight} flexShrink={0}>
+            <BackgroundTaskDisplay
+              shells={uiState.backgroundTasks}
+              activePid={uiState.activeBackgroundTaskPid}
               width={uiState.terminalWidth}
-              height={uiState.backgroundShellHeight}
+              height={uiState.backgroundTaskHeight}
               isFocused={
                 uiState.embeddedShellFocused && !uiState.dialogsVisible
               }
-              isListOpenProp={uiState.isBackgroundShellListOpen}
+              isListOpenProp={uiState.isBackgroundTaskListOpen}
             />
           </Box>
         )}

packages/cli/src/ui/layouts/__snapshots__/DefaultAppLayout.test.tsx.snap

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
-exports[`<DefaultAppLayout /> > hides BackgroundShellDisplay when StreamingState is WaitingForConfirmation 1`] = `
+exports[`<DefaultAppLayout /> > hides BackgroundTaskDisplay when StreamingState is WaitingForConfirmation 1`] = `
 "MainContent
 Notifications
 CopyModeWarning
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ExitWarning
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<DefaultAppLayout /> > renders BackgroundShellDisplay when shells exist and active 1`] = `
+exports[`<DefaultAppLayout /> > renders BackgroundTaskDisplay when shells exist and active 1`] = `
 "MainContent
-BackgroundShellDisplay
+BackgroundTaskDisplay
 
 
 
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ ExitWarning
 "
 `;
 
-exports[`<DefaultAppLayout /> > shows BackgroundShellDisplay when StreamingState is NOT WaitingForConfirmation 1`] = `
+exports[`<DefaultAppLayout /> > shows BackgroundTaskDisplay when StreamingState is NOT WaitingForConfirmation 1`] = `
 "MainContent
-BackgroundShellDisplay
+BackgroundTaskDisplay
 
 
 

packages/cli/src/ui/noninteractive/nonInteractiveUi.ts

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export function createNonInteractiveUI(): CommandContext['ui'] {
     addConfirmUpdateExtensionRequest: (_request) => {},
     setConfirmationRequest: (_request) => {},
     removeComponent: () => {},
-    toggleBackgroundShell: () => {},
+    toggleBackgroundTasks: () => {},
     toggleShortcutsHelp: () => {},
   };
 }

packages/cli/src/ui/types.ts

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ export interface IndividualToolCallDisplay {
   callId: string;
   parentCallId?: string;
   name: string;
+  args?: Record<string, unknown>;
   description: string;
   resultDisplay: ToolResultDisplay | undefined;
   status: CoreToolCallStatus;
@@ -369,6 +370,7 @@ export type HistoryItemMcpStatus = HistoryItemBase & {
   showSchema: boolean;
 };
 
+// Individually exported types extending HistoryItemBase
 export type HistoryItemWithoutId =
   | HistoryItemUser
   | HistoryItemUserShell

packages/cli/src/ui/utils/__snapshots__/borderStyles.test.tsx.snap

@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ Tips for getting started:
 │ ⊶  google_web_search                                                                         │
 │                                                                                              │
 │ Searching...                                                                                 │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+"
 `;
 
 exports[`MainContent tool group border SVG snapshots > should render SVG snapshot for a shell tool 1`] = `
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ Tips for getting started:
 │ ⊶  run_shell_command                                                                         │
 │                                                                                              │
 │ Running command...                                                                           │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+"
 `;
 
 exports[`MainContent tool group border SVG snapshots > should render SVG snapshot for an empty slice following a search tool 1`] = `
@@ -63,5 +65,6 @@ Tips for getting started:
 │ ⊶  google_web_search                                                                         │
 │                                                                                              │
 │ Searching...                                                                                 │
-╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯"
+╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+"
 `;